West African journal of medicine最新文献

{"title":"Beyond Viral Suppression: Sustaining the Progress Towards Person-Centred and Integrated HIV Care in Africa.","authors":"G E Erhabor","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":23680,"journal":{"name":"West African journal of medicine","volume":"43 2","pages":"85-87"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149224986","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Heterotaxy Syndrome Combining Univentricular Heart, Polysplenia and Truncated Pancreas: A Case Report.","authors":"C T Akanmu, C N Wonang, D D Nyam, O H Ifeacho, S F Kenis, G Z Shut, G A Amusa, B N Okeahialam","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and objectives: </strong>Univentricular heart is a complex congenital heart disease with rare survival into adulthood. It could be part of a heterotaxy syndrome when, apart from the cardiac malformations, there are associated abnormal arrangements of extra-cardiac organs like the lungs, spleen and pancreas. The syndrome is said to be rarer than the univentricular heart and to have a worse clinical outcome.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>After clinical assessment, the patient was investigated with Chest X-ray, Electrocardiography, Echocardiography, and contrast-enhanced CT scan of the chest and abdomen to make the diagnosis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We hereby report the case of a 19-year-old female who survived into adulthood with a functional single ventricle, double outlet right ventricle, atrial septal defect and dextrocardia without surgical intervention. She also had other extra-cardiac congenital anomalies like a truncated pancreas and polysplenia.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Though survival to adulthood is rare without surgical intervention, the left isomerism subtype recorded here is milder and has better survival prospects.</p>","PeriodicalId":23680,"journal":{"name":"West African journal of medicine","volume":"43 2","pages":"142-145"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149225117","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence of SARS-COV-2 infection, Relationship between SARS-CoV-2 and HIV among Sex Workers in Cotonou.","authors":"J Fabiyi, S Gossa, R Mikponhoue, C Bigot, P Zekeng, K Bourema, A Bigot","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Since the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic, few studies have been carried out on the prevalence of the severe acute respiratory syndrome of the coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), particularly in groups of patients with comorbidity factors. Moreover, the question of whether HIV increases the risk of contracting SARS-COV-2 or its severity has been the subject of some research.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To determine the prevalence of SARS-COV-2 and estabilish the relationship between HIV infection and SARS-CoV-2 infection in female sex workers.</p><p><strong>Methodology: </strong>Descriptive cross-sectional study of female sex workers attending the Racine clinic in Cotonou, Benin. Statistical data entry and analysis were performed using Excel and Stata 15 software. Proportions, means and frequencies with standard deviation were estimated and compared by chi2 and Fisher tests at the significance level of 5%.</p><p><strong>Result: </strong>A total of 259 sex workers were recruited for this study, with a mean age of 34.28 ± 9.83 years, ranging from 18 to 70 years. The overall occurrence of SARS-CoV-2 among female sex workers reported in our study was 81.5%. Those of HIV and co-infection HIV SARS-COV 2 were 19.7% and 13.5% respectively. HIV-infected sex workers had a significantly lower risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection (OR=0.39 with 95% CI [0.19-0.80] and p=0.010), while TCD4+ lymphocyte count ≥ 500 was not significantly associated with a risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection (OR=0.40 with 95% CI [0.11-1.36] and p=0.142).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study shows that the prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 infection among sex workers is high. Sex workers who are infected with HIV are significantly less likely to be infected with SARS-CoV-2.</p>","PeriodicalId":23680,"journal":{"name":"West African journal of medicine","volume":"43 2","pages":"108-112"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149225122","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Familial Clustering of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus and Comorbidities in Women of Reproductive Age with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: Results from a Cross-Sectional Survey in Nigeria.","authors":"C C Okwara, B Ezeala-Adikaibe, N Mbadiwe, J Okoye","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a chronic multisystem autoimmune disease that predominantly affects women of reproductive age. Familial aggregation and co-morbidities influence disease burden and long-term outcomes, yet data from Nigeria remain limited.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To determine the prevalence of self-reported family history of SLE and describe the prevalence and pattern of co-morbidities among Nigerian women with SLE.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This cross-sectional survey was conducted between 2nd of April and 30th July 2025. Participant were recruited via virtual (online) and clinic-based settings. Eligible participants were women aged 18-48 years with rheumatologist-confirmed SLE. Data were collected using a structured, pretested questionnaire.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Eighty-five eligible participants were analysed. The mean age was 35.0 ± 7.7 years, and median disease duration was 50 months (IQR 22-108). Seven participants (8.2%) reported a family history of SLE. Hypertension was the most common co-morbidity (38.8%) while 28.2% had hypertension as a single condition. Peptic ulcer disease was the next most frequent (25.9%). Approximately 35.3% reported no co-morbidity. No significant association was found between comorbidities and family history of SLE (p>0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Familial clustering of SLE was uncommon, while hypertension was the most frequent co-morbidity. Routine Cardiovascular risk assessment is recommended in this population.</p>","PeriodicalId":23680,"journal":{"name":"West African journal of medicine","volume":"43 2","pages":"93-100"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149225067","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"ChatGPT as an Educational Tool in Addressing Common Questions About Hepatocellular Carcinoma.","authors":"J H De Vos","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":23680,"journal":{"name":"West African journal of medicine","volume":"43 2","pages":"89-92"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149225092","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Peripartum Cardiomyopathy with Left Atrial Myxoma: A Case Report.","authors":"R N Sani, T Yusuf, A Tijjani, N A Ishaq, M H Aliyu, K M Karaye","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Cardiac myxomas are the most prevalent cardiac tumours and occur more commonly in women, while peripartum cardiomyopathy (PPCM) is an important cause of heart failure (HF) in women. We present the first reported case, to our knowledge, of co-occurrence of left atrial myxoma with PPCM in a primiparous Nigerian woman who presented in HF shortly after delivery. She was managed conservatively and received prophylactic anticoagulation with warfarin. However, limited facilities for open heart surgery as well as severe financial constraints have thus far precluded the definitive treatment of surgical resection of the tumour.</p>","PeriodicalId":23680,"journal":{"name":"West African journal of medicine","volume":"43 2","pages":"146-150"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149225075","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Principles of Assessment in Medical Education by Salami Sule.","authors":"S Kadiri","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":23680,"journal":{"name":"West African journal of medicine","volume":"43 2","pages":"151-152"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149224749","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Paediatric Surgical Care in a Resource-Constrained setting: Case-Mix, Workforce Adaptation, and Early Outcomes Over the First Five Years.","authors":"F O Kumolalo, S O Ogundiniyi, B F Akinkunmi, A A Kuranga, B J Alegbeleye, C Akindiose, S C Ajekwu, O Olasehinde","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The upsurge in the migration of trained health workforce from Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) has further depleted the already inadequate paediatric surgical and anaesthesia workforce. Data on paediatric surgical operations and workforce adaptation will be invaluable in the immediate and long-term planning for adequate budgeting and personnel training for this group of patients.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To describe the case-mix of paediatric surgical procedures, workforce adaptation, and early outcomes over the first five years in a new tertiary hospital in southwestern Nigeria.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>A hospital based retrospective review conducted from 2014 to 2019 in the paediatric surgery unit whose workforce consists of one consultant paediatric surgeon, one consultant anaesthetist who also service other surgical units. Data was analyzed using SPSS version 23.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 368 operations were performed during the study period, with M: F = 3.6:1. The age ranged from 0 to 156 months. Neonates were 12.8% while 33.9% and 33.1% were older infants and age 1 - 5 years respectively. Elective cases were 64.4% and over 60% of all cases were classified as diseases of the digestive system, followed by developmental anomalies (20.1%). The consultant anaesthetist anaesthesized 41.3% of all cases and we found no statistically significant difference in the patients' outcome among the different cadres of anaesthetists.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Diseases of the gastrointestinal tract are the most common reason for pediatric surgical operations in our hospital. The concept of task shifting/sharing should be explored for highly specialized sections of the health workforce including paediatric anaesthesia in the interim in SSA.</p>","PeriodicalId":23680,"journal":{"name":"West African journal of medicine","volume":"43 2","pages":"136-141"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149225079","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sex Disparities in Cardiovascular Risk Factors among People Living with HIV Attending a Clinic in North-western Nigeria.","authors":"B L Ademola, F I Tsiga-Ahmed, M U Sani, A Muktar","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>HIV infection is linked with increased risk of cardiovascular disease through a complex interplay of factors involving traditional risk factors, antiretroviral drug use and effects related to the immunologic aftermath of HIV infection. Men and women have similar risk factors for cardiovascular disease, but many social behaviours impact health differently by sex.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This study set out to examine sex disparities in both traditional and behavioural cardiovascular risk factors among people living with HIV (PLWH) attending a clinic in Kano, North-western Nigeria.</p><p><strong>Methodology: </strong>The study was cross-sectional, using a quantitative method of data collection for 840 males and females attending the HIV clinic. The prevalence of both clinical and behavioural risk factors was assessed. Data were assessed using SPSS version 27. Pearson Chi-square and Multivariate logistic regression were used.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The mean age was 43.7 ± 11.1 years. The most common risk factors were unhealthy diet (54%; 95% CI: 50%-57%), abdominal obesity (43.3%; 95% CI: 39.9%-46.8%), and obesity (38.3%; 95% CI: 35.0%-41.7%). Others were inadequate physical activity (25.9%; 95% CI: 23.0%-29.0%), dyslipidaemia (25.1%; 95% CI: 22.2%-28.2%), and high blood pressure (24%; 95% CI: 21.2%-27.1%). Smoking (3.4%; 95% CI: 2.3%-4.9%), hyperglycaemia (2.0%; 95% CI: 1.2%-3.2%) and alcohol consumption (0.71%; 95% CI: 0.26%-1.5%) were relatively rare. Unhealthy dietary habits were more common among females (66.2%) than males (41.9%, p < 0.001) and abdominal obesity affected more females (52.9%) than males (33.8%, p < 0.001). Conversely, obesity was more prevalent among males (44.5%) than females (32.1%, p < 0.001) and smoking was more common among males (5.7%) than females (1.2%, p < 0.001). The sex differences in obesity and abdominal obesity remained significant across models, despite adjustments for various confounding factors.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>There was a high prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors among PLWH in this study. Males had 86% higher odds of obesity compared to females and 66% lower odds of abdominal obesity. There is a need for assessment of actual cardiovascular outcomes among PLWH in this environment.</p>","PeriodicalId":23680,"journal":{"name":"West African journal of medicine","volume":"43 2","pages":"128-135"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149225126","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Birth of the Nigerian Sleep Society: A Milestone for Sleep Medicine in Nigeria and Africa.","authors":"M A Komolafe, A K Ojo, A A Sanusi, O K Ogundipe, K A Kolawole, F O Fehintola, F I Abdulai, O E Olorunmoteni, D F Folorunsho, P O Obiajunwa, Y B Amusa, K S Mosaku, G E Erhabor","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Sleep disorders are significant and are of major public health concern with high socioeconomic impact. However, they are under-recognised and under-treated in Nigeria and most of Africa, because of poor access to sleep specialists, sleep studies and limited treatment options. Prior to the inauguration of the Nigerian Sleep Society in 2025, there was no formal framework for sleep professionals in West Africa. Activities were on community engagement, awareness campaigns, meetings and scientific discussions on sleep health-related topical issues, training programs, collaborations, and publication of sleep health data, applicable to sub-Saharan Africa. Following the inauguration, the society is strategically positioned to address the critical barriers specifically affecting sleep medicine in West Africa, such as low community awareness, high costs of care, limited diagnostic capacity, insufficient training programs, inadequate sleep specialists, non-structured sleep health curriculum for undergraduates and postgraduates, lack of certification of sleep medicine personnel and inadequate research data. In this article, we explored the epidemiology of sleep disorder, the need for the Nigerian Sleep Society, its historical perspectives, and the strategic vision for addressing sleep disorders and the future pathway for sleep medicine in Nigeria and Africa.</p>","PeriodicalId":23680,"journal":{"name":"West African journal of medicine","volume":"43 2","pages":"120-127"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149224999","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}