Virologica Sinica最新文献

{"title":"Rapid preparation and characterization of pan-sarbecovirus mRNA vaccine candidates based on the receptor binding domain","authors":"Mei Wu, Tian-Shu Cao, Xiao-Chuan Xiong, Tao Ming, Pan-Deng Shi, Rong-Rong Zhang, Qing Ye, Cheng-Feng Qin","doi":"10.1016/j.virs.2024.11.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.virs.2024.11.004","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":23654,"journal":{"name":"Virologica Sinica","volume":"40 1","pages":"Pages 144-146"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142629470","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Patterns of liver fibrosis evolution in Chinese HIV/HBV co-infected adults following 5-year antiretroviral treatment: A longitudinal study using non-invasive APRI and Fib-4 scores","authors":"Qingrong Zhang ,&nbsp;Lijun Sun ,&nbsp;Yuxuan Liang ,&nbsp;Wenlu Zou ,&nbsp;Jingtao Huang ,&nbsp;Yuan Zhang ,&nbsp;Yi Jin ,&nbsp;Na Zhou ,&nbsp;Jiangzhu Ye ,&nbsp;Huachun Zou ,&nbsp;Hao Wu ,&nbsp;Tong Zhang ,&nbsp;Bin Su ,&nbsp;Taiyi Jiang ,&nbsp;Haitao Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.virs.2024.12.009","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.virs.2024.12.009","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The long-term effects of combined antiretroviral therapy (ART) on liver fibrosis patterns in adults living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) are not well understood. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the trajectories of liver fibrosis and identify the associations of baseline variables with different patterns of liver fibrosis evolution. A total of 333 individuals with HIV/HBV co-infection and undergoing long-term ART were enrolled in this study. Demographic, clinical, and biochemical data were collected at baseline and during annual visits. Group-based trajectory models (GBTMs) were used to detect the patterns of liver fibrosis evolution based on longitudinal data of fibrosis-4 (Fib-4) and aspartate aminotransferase to platelet ratio index (APRI) scores. Logistic regression analysis was performed to identify baseline predictors of liver fibrosis evolution. The median age of all participants was 33 years. Among them, 89.5% initially received TDF-containing ART. GBTMs identified two distinct patterns of liver fibrosis evolution using either APRI or Fib-4 scores. The majority of individuals (78.5% for APRI and 75.3% for Fib-4; pattern A) showed stable or low fibrosis with no progression, while the remaining participants showed regression from high fibrosis levels (21.5% for APRI and 24.7% for Fib-4; pattern B). Pattern A participants were younger and had higher CD4⁺ cell counts, higher lymphocyte cell counts, higher white blood cell counts, and lower platelet counts at baseline compared to pattern B participants. For HIV/HBV co-infected patients with varying degrees of initial liver fibrosis, long-term ART has shown distinct patterns of alleviating liver fibrosis.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23654,"journal":{"name":"Virologica Sinica","volume":"40 1","pages":"Pages 118-124"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142923622","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ferritin nanoparticle-based Nipah virus glycoprotein vaccines elicit potent protective immune responses in mice and hamsters","authors":"Shaohong Chen ,&nbsp;Xinghai Zhang ,&nbsp;Yanfeng Yao ,&nbsp;Shengdong Wang ,&nbsp;Kangyin Li ,&nbsp;Baoyue Zhang ,&nbsp;Tianxi Ye ,&nbsp;Li Chen ,&nbsp;Yan Wu ,&nbsp;Entao Li ,&nbsp;Bichao Xu ,&nbsp;Pei Zhang ,&nbsp;Xia Chuai ,&nbsp;Yong Ran ,&nbsp;Rui Gong ,&nbsp;Huajun Zhang ,&nbsp;Sandra Chiu","doi":"10.1016/j.virs.2024.09.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.virs.2024.09.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Nipah virus (NiV) is a zoonotic paramyxovirus in the genus <em>Henipavirus</em> that is prevalent in Southeast Asia. NiV leads to severe respiratory disease and encephalitis in humans and animals, with a mortality rate of up to 75%. Despite the grave threat to public health and global biosecurity, no medical countermeasures are available for humans. Here, based on self-assembled ferritin nanoparticles (FeNPs), we successfully constructed two candidate FeNP vaccines by loading mammalian cells expressing NiV sG (residues 71–602, FeNP-sG) and G_head (residues 182–602, FeNP-G_head) onto <em>E. coli</em>-expressed FeNPs (FeNP-sG and FeNP-G_head, respectively) through Spycatcher/Spytag technology. Compared with sG and G_head alone, FeNP-sG and FeNP-G_head elicited significant NiV specific neutralizing antibody levels and T-cell responses in mice, whereas the immune response in the FeNP-sG immunized group was greater than that in the FeNP-G_head group. These results further demonstrate that sG possesses greater antigenicity than G_head and that FeNPs can dramatically enhance immunogenicity. Furthermore, FeNP-sG provided 100% protection against NiV challenge in a hamster model when it was administered twice at a dose of 5 μg/per animal. Our study provides not only a promising candidate vaccine against NiV, but also a theoretical foundation for the design of a NiV immunogen for the development of novel strategies against NiV infection.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23654,"journal":{"name":"Virologica Sinica","volume":"39 6","pages":"Pages 909-916"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142257547","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Viral load dynamics in asymptomatic and symptomatic patients during Omicron BA.2 outbreak in Shanghai, China, 2022: A longitudinal cohort study","authors":"Jingwen Ai ,&nbsp;Jiaxin Zhou ,&nbsp;Yang Li ,&nbsp;Feng Sun ,&nbsp;Shijia Ge ,&nbsp;Haocheng Zhang ,&nbsp;Yanpeng Wu ,&nbsp;Yan Wang ,&nbsp;Yilin Zhang ,&nbsp;Hongyu Wang ,&nbsp;Jianpeng Cai ,&nbsp;Xian Zhou ,&nbsp;Sen Wang ,&nbsp;Rong Li ,&nbsp;Zhen Feng ,&nbsp;Xiangyanyu Xu ,&nbsp;Xuemei Yan ,&nbsp;Yuchen Zhao ,&nbsp;Juanjuan Zhang ,&nbsp;Hongjie Yu ,&nbsp;Wenhong Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.virs.2024.10.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.virs.2024.10.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The SARS-CoV-2 virus, particularly the Omicron BA.2 variant, led to a significant surge in Shanghai, 2022. However, the viral load dynamic in Omicron infections with varying clinical severities remain unclear. This prospective cohort included 48,830 hospitalized coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients across three hospitals in Shanghai, China, between 23 March and 15 May, 2022. Systematic nucleic acid testing was performed using RT-PCR Cycle threshold (Ct) value as a proxy of viral load. We analyzed the kinetic characteristics of viral shedding by clinical severity and identified associated risk factors. The study comprised 31.06% asymptomatic cases, 67.66% mild-moderate cases, 1.00% severe cases, 0.29% critical and fatal cases. Upon admission, 57% of patients tested positive, with peak viral load observed at 4 days (median Ct value 27.5), followed by a decrease and an average viral shedding time (VST) of 6.1 days (Interquartile range, 4.0–8.8 days). Although viral load exhibited variation by age and clinical severity, peak Ct values occurred at similar times. Unvaccinated status, age exceeding 60, and comorbidities including hypertension, renal issues kidney dialysis and kidney transplantation, neurological disorders, rheumatism, and psychotic conditions were found to correlate with elevated peak viral load and extended VST. Asymptomatic cases demonstrated a 40% likelihood of contagiousness within 6 days of detection, while mild-moderate and severe cases exhibited post-symptom resolution infectious probabilities of 27% and over 50%, respectively. These findings revealed that the initial Ct values serve as a predictive indicator of severe outcomes. Unvaccinated elderly individuals with particular comorbidities are at high-risk for elevated viral load and prolonged VST.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23654,"journal":{"name":"Virologica Sinica","volume":"39 6","pages":"Pages 851-859"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11738783/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142476077","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Construction and validation of a mouse model for studying severe human adenovirus infections","authors":"Dingbin Chen ,&nbsp;Yuqian Yan ,&nbsp;Ting Mei ,&nbsp;Peipei Yang ,&nbsp;Siqi Deng ,&nbsp;Yiqiang Li ,&nbsp;Tie Zhao ,&nbsp;Ning Xin ,&nbsp;Biyan Duan ,&nbsp;Weifeng Liang ,&nbsp;Yuemei Yang ,&nbsp;Wei Zhao ,&nbsp;Donald Seto ,&nbsp;Junxian Ou ,&nbsp;Qiwei Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.virs.2024.11.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.virs.2024.11.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Human adenoviruses (HAdVs) are highly contagious pathogens with various genotypes implicated in acute respiratory disease (ARD) and linked to fatality, especially in immunosuppressed patients, young children, and military recruits. Currently, no vaccines or specific drugs are approved for clinical use. The hosts of adenoviruses are strictly species-specific, which strongly limits the development of vaccines and drugs against HAdVs. In this study, immunocompetent BALB/c mice were challenged with different doses of human adenovirus type 5 (HAdV-5) via tail intravenous injection (<em>i.v.</em>). All mice challenged with a high dose of HAdV-5 (3.2 ​× ​10¹⁰ TCID₅₀/kg) died within 3–5 days, while those receiving a low dose of HAdV-5 (8 ​× ​10⁹ or 4 ​× ​10⁹ TCID₅₀/kg) survived. Interestingly, among the mice receiving a medium dose of HAdV-5 (1.6 ​× ​10¹⁰ TCID₅₀/kg), 60% (n ​= ​3/5) of male mice died, while all female mice survived. This suggests that male mice may be more susceptible to HAdV-5 infection than female mice, consistent with clinical findings in children. HAdV-5 DNA was mainly distributed in the liver, followed by the spleen and lung. Pathological changes were observed in the lung, liver, and spleen, with severity increasing in correlation with the virus challenge dosage. Transcriptome and qPCR analyses of the liver indicated that the down-regulated expression of the <em>H2-Aa</em>, <em>H2-Ea-ps</em>, <em>CD74</em>, and <em>H2-Eb1</em> genes in male mice, as well as the <em>AHR</em> gene in female mice, may contribute to the observed higher mortality rates in male mice. Therefore, this effective, feasible, and cost-efficient mouse model could serve as a candidate for evaluating HAdV vaccines and anti-adenovirus therapeutics.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23654,"journal":{"name":"Virologica Sinica","volume":"39 6","pages":"Pages 963-973"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11738788/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142629468","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bibliometric analysis of virology advancements in the 21st century","authors":"Lili Ma ,&nbsp;Wei Pan ,&nbsp;Jiali Si","doi":"10.1016/j.virs.2024.08.009","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.virs.2024.08.009","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":23654,"journal":{"name":"Virologica Sinica","volume":"39 6","pages":"Pages 977-980"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11738764/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142056652","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Identification of mutations in viral proteins involved in cell adaptation using a reverse genetic system of the live attenuated hepatitis A virus vaccine H2 strain","authors":"Xiu-Li Yan ,&nbsp;Jian Li ,&nbsp;Qing-Qing Ma ,&nbsp;Hong-Jiang Wang ,&nbsp;Lin Li ,&nbsp;Hui Zhao ,&nbsp;Cheng-Feng Qin ,&nbsp;Xiao-Feng Li","doi":"10.1016/j.virs.2024.08.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.virs.2024.08.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The live attenuated hepatitis A virus vaccine H2 strain was developed by passaging a wild-type H2w isolate in cell cultures. Currently, the mechanism underlying its attenuation phenotype remain largely unknown. In this study, we generated a full-length infectious cDNA clone of the H2 strain using in-fusion techniques. The recovered H2 strain (H2ic) from the cDNA clone exhibited an efficient replication in both the hepatoma cell line Huh7.5.1 and the 2BS cell line used for vaccine production, similar to the parental H2 strain. Additionally, H2ic did not cause disease in <em>Ifnar1</em>^{<em>−/−</em>} C57 mice, consistent with the H2 strain. To explore the cell-adaptive mutations of the H2 strain, chimeric viruses were generated by replacing its non-structural proteins with corresponding regions from H2w using the infectious cDNA clone as a genetic backbone. The chimeric viruses carrying the 3C or 3D proteins from H2w showed decreased replication in Huh7.5.1 and 2BS cell lines compared to H2ic. Other chimeric viruses containing the 2B, 2C, or 3A proteins from H2w failed to be recovered. Furthermore, there were no significant differences in disease manifestation in mice between H2ic and the recovered chimeric viruses. These results demonstrate that adaptive mutations in the 2B, 2C, and 3A proteins are essential for efficient replication of the H2 strain in cell cultures. Mutations in the 3C and 3D proteins contribute to enhanced replication in cell cultures but did not influence the attenuated phenotypes in mice. Together, this study presents the first reverse genetic system of the H2 strain and identifies viral proteins essential for adaptation to cell cultures.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23654,"journal":{"name":"Virologica Sinica","volume":"39 6","pages":"Pages 882-891"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11738778/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141996602","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ten computational challenges in human virome studies","authors":"Yifan Wu,&nbsp;Yousong Peng","doi":"10.1016/j.virs.2024.04.008","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.virs.2024.04.008","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In recent years, substantial advancements have been achieved in understanding the diversity of the human virome and its intricate roles in human health and diseases. Despite this progress, the field of human virome research remains nascent, primarily hindered by the lack of effective methods, particularly in the domain of computational tools. This perspective systematically outlines ten computational challenges spanning various types of virome studies. These challenges arise due to the vast diversity of viromes, the absence of a universal marker gene in viral genomes, the low abundance of virus populations, the remote or minimal homology of viral proteins to known proteins, and the highly dynamic and heterogeneous nature of viromes. For each computational challenge, we discuss the underlying reasons, current research progress, and potential solutions. The resolution of these challenges necessitates ongoing collaboration among computational scientists, virologists, and multidisciplinary experts. In essence, this perspective serves as a comprehensive guide for directing computational efforts in human virome studies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23654,"journal":{"name":"Virologica Sinica","volume":"39 6","pages":"Pages 845-850"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11738758/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140853668","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The first discovery of severe fever with thrombocytopenia virus in the center of metropolitan Beijing, China","authors":"Fei Yuan ,&nbsp;Lianglong Zhu ,&nbsp;Di Tian ,&nbsp;Mengyu Xia ,&nbsp;Ming-hao Zheng ,&nbsp;Qing Zhang ,&nbsp;Tingyu Zhang ,&nbsp;Xing Zhang ,&nbsp;Aihua Zheng","doi":"10.1016/j.virs.2024.11.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.virs.2024.11.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Severe fever with thrombocytopenia virus (SFTSV), an emerging tick-borne bandavirus, poses a significant public health threat in rural China. Since 2021, an increase of local cases has been noted in the rural-urban fringe of Beijing. This study aimed to assess the formation of natural foci in urban areas by conducting a field survey of ticks and hedgehogs from the second to fifth ring roads of Beijing. Our survey revealed a diverse tick population in city parks, including the major SFTSV vector, <em>Haemaphysalis longicornis</em>. Parthenogenetic <em>H. longicornis</em>, known for its role in the rapid spread of SFTSV, was identified in key locations such as Beihai Park and Taoranting Park, near the Forbidden City. Notably, high SFTSV seroprevalence and RNA prevalence were found in hedgehogs and parasitic ticks in the center of Beijing. Phylogenetic analyses of SFTSV RNA and mitochondrial sequences of parthenogenetic <em>H. longicornis</em> ticks revealed the existence of diverse lineages of SFTSV and <em>H. longicornis</em> ticks within Beijing, suggesting multiple invasion events happened. These findings reveal the circulation of SFTSV in central Beijing, highlighting the need for urgent attention and enhanced surveillance measures.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23654,"journal":{"name":"Virologica Sinica","volume":"39 6","pages":"Pages 875-881"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11738777/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142629471","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Issue Cover","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/S1995-820X(24)00187-1","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S1995-820X(24)00187-1","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":23654,"journal":{"name":"Virologica Sinica","volume":"39 6","pages":"Page OFC"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143333114","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}