Volume 6B: Materials and Fabrication最新文献_第7页

Engineering J Estimates for Spent Fuel Canisters Under Combined Mechanical and Welding Residual Stresses 机械和焊接联合残余应力下乏燃料罐的工程J估计

Volume 6B: Materials and Fabrication Pub Date : 2019-07-14 DOI: 10.1115/pvp2019-93936

Hyunjung Lee, Yun‐Jae Kim, P. Lam, R. Sindelar

引用次数: 1

Evaluation of Welding Techniques for Stainless Steels Piping Without Use of Backing Gas 无底气不锈钢管道焊接技术评价

Volume 6B: Materials and Fabrication Pub Date : 2019-07-14 DOI: 10.1115/pvp2019-93359

Siva Kumar Chiluvuri, Kevin J. Bliss, J. Penso

{"title":"Evaluation of Welding Techniques for Stainless Steels Piping Without Use of Backing Gas","authors":"Siva Kumar Chiluvuri, Kevin J. Bliss, J. Penso","doi":"10.1115/pvp2019-93359","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/pvp2019-93359","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 In the piping fabrication industry Gas Tungsten Arc Welding (GTAW) is used extensively for welding of stainless and high alloy steel pipes, mainly for root pass of single side joints. GTAW process uses an inert gas for both shielding and backing of the weld. Backing gas also known as purge gas, is provided mainly to prevent oxidation of root pass weld from inside the pipe. Typically, Argon or Argon mixture (i.e. Argon with Helium, etc.) are used as backing gas. Argon gas, is colorless, odorless and heavier than air. Many safety incidents have occurred in the Oil and Gas industry (mainly during construction phase) due to asphyxiation. This has typically occurred when a person (usually a welder) goes inside the piping (a confined space) to inspect the root pass weld to ensure it will pass radiography test. Construction industry has failed to fully tackle this issue in a meaningful way and as a result, some significant number of fatalities occur each year. On several occasions, such incidents have resulted in multiple fatalities when coworkers enter the confined space to rescue and become a victim by themselves.\u0000 There are a multitude of reasons why people put themselves at risk in this way. Reasons given for a reluctance to use alternative techniques that eliminates backing gas are many and varied. Alternate welding techniques without backing gas were developed many years ago. However, they are still not being used extensively for many reasons and apprehensions. Using these alternate welding techniques with right controls in place, can eliminate the hazard associated with backing gas and improve safety and maintain quality. This paper discusses and evaluates the alternate welding techniques (which do not require backing gas), limitations, welding procedure qualification and inspection requirements.","PeriodicalId":23651,"journal":{"name":"Volume 6B: Materials and Fabrication","volume":"3 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83002572","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Temperature Dependence of Fatigue Crack Growth in Low-Carbon Steel Under Gaseous Hydrogen 低碳钢在气态氢作用下疲劳裂纹扩展的温度依赖性

Volume 6B: Materials and Fabrication Pub Date : 2019-07-14 DOI: 10.1115/pvp2019-93451

O. Takakuwa, Yuhei Ogawa, S. Okazaki, H. Matsunaga, S. Matsuoka

{"title":"Temperature Dependence of Fatigue Crack Growth in Low-Carbon Steel Under Gaseous Hydrogen","authors":"O. Takakuwa, Yuhei Ogawa, S. Okazaki, H. Matsunaga, S. Matsuoka","doi":"10.1115/pvp2019-93451","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/pvp2019-93451","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 In order to elucidate the temperature dependence of hydrogen-assisted fatigue crack growth (HAFCG), the fatigue crack growth (FCG) test was performed on low-carbon steel JIS-SM490B according to ASTM E647 using compact tension (CT) specimen under 0.7 MPa (≈ 0.1 ksi) hydrogen-gas at room temperature (RT: 298 K (≈ 77 °F)) and 423 K (≈ 302 °F) at stress intensity factor range of ΔK = 30 MPa m1/2 (≈ 27 ksi in1/2). Electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) observation was performed on the mid-thick section of CT specimen in order to investigate change in plasticity around the crack wake in gaseous hydrogen environment and how it changes due to temperature elevation. The obtained results showed the higher temperature, the lower intense of HAFCG as reported in our previous article. Plasticity around the crack wake became less in gaseous hydrogen environment, especially tested at 298 K. The propensity of the results obtained at higher temperature (423 K) can be separated into two cases: (i) intense plasticity occurs like tested in air, (ii) crack propagates straighter accompanying less plasticity like tested in gaseous hydrogen environment at 298 K. This implies macroscopic FCG rate is determined by combination of microscopic FCG rate in the case (i) and case (ii).","PeriodicalId":23651,"journal":{"name":"Volume 6B: Materials and Fabrication","volume":"56 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79652874","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Microstructure and Tensile Properties of a 1.25Cr-0.5Mo Main Steam Pipe After Long-Term Service 1.25Cr-0.5Mo主蒸汽管长期使用后的组织与拉伸性能

Volume 6B: Materials and Fabrication Pub Date : 2018-07-15 DOI: 10.1115/PVP2018-84185

Bingxiu Yang, Wenchun Jiang, Wenjuan Sun, Yan-ling Zhao, Weiya Zhang

{"title":"Microstructure and Tensile Properties of a 1.25Cr-0.5Mo Main Steam Pipe After Long-Term Service","authors":"Bingxiu Yang, Wenchun Jiang, Wenjuan Sun, Yan-ling Zhao, Weiya Zhang","doi":"10.1115/PVP2018-84185","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/PVP2018-84185","url":null,"abstract":"Metallographic tests, micro-hardness tests and tensile tests were conducted for a 1.25Cr-0.5Mo main steam pipe weldment served for more than 26 years. The results were compared with those for virgin material. Microstructural evolution of 1.25Cr-0.5Mo base metal was investigated. Degradation in micro-hardness and tensile properties were also studied. In addition, the tensile properties of subzones in the ex-service weldment were characterized by using miniature specimens. The results show that obvious microstructural changes including carbide coarsening, increasing inter lamella spacing and grain boundary precipitates take place after long-term service. Degradation in micro-hardness is not obvious. However, the effects of long term service on tensile deformation behavior, ultimate tensile strength and yield stress are remarkable. Based on the yield stress of micro-specimens, the order of different subzones is: WM > HAZ > BM, which is consistent with the order of different subzones based on micro-hardness. However, the ultimate tensile strength and fracture strain of HAZ are lower than BM. Brittle failures can happen more easily for HAZ due to its high yield ratio.","PeriodicalId":23651,"journal":{"name":"Volume 6B: Materials and Fabrication","volume":"27 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84362762","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Assessment of Creep Crack Growth Rates for Grade 91 Weld Joint at 550°C 550℃下91级焊接接头蠕变裂纹扩展速率的评定

Volume 6B: Materials and Fabrication Pub Date : 2018-07-15 DOI: 10.1115/PVP2018-84604

Woo-Gon Kim, Jae-Young Park, H. Lee, Eungseon Kim, Seon-Jin Kim

引用次数: 0

Some Useful Mechanical Property Correlations for Nuclear Reactor Pressure Vessel Steels 核反应堆压力容器钢的一些有用力学性能关系式

Volume 6B: Materials and Fabrication Pub Date : 2018-07-15 DOI: 10.1115/PVP2018-84786

R. Nanstad, W. Server, M. Sokolov, G. Odette, N. Almirall

{"title":"Some Useful Mechanical Property Correlations for Nuclear Reactor Pressure Vessel Steels","authors":"R. Nanstad, W. Server, M. Sokolov, G. Odette, N. Almirall","doi":"10.1115/PVP2018-84786","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/PVP2018-84786","url":null,"abstract":"The use of correlations is common in the research and development arena of the nuclear industry with the realization that some applications with direct implications to safety demand a more rigorous approach. Most correlations involve the relationship between two experimental properties, such as that between hardness and tensile strength. There are others that are much more complicated and are often designated models because they incorporate physically-based knowledge; examples of this are predictive correlations for irradiation-induced embrittlement of reactor pressure vessels (RPV). The objective of this paper is to collect and discuss many of the commonly used correlations for applications to nuclear RPVs. This paper identifies and discusses various correlations that relate easily measured properties to properties that are more difficult, more time consuming, or more expensive to measure. In the case of irradiated RPV materials, irradiation-induced changes in easily measured properties are related to the changes in those more difficult to measure. It is noted that recognition and understanding of the uncertainties associated with all correlations is highly important.","PeriodicalId":23651,"journal":{"name":"Volume 6B: Materials and Fabrication","volume":"3 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76741396","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Temperature Dependence of Fatigue Crack Growth in Low-Alloy Steel Under Gaseous Hydrogen 气态氢作用下低合金钢疲劳裂纹扩展的温度依赖性

Volume 6B: Materials and Fabrication Pub Date : 2018-07-15 DOI: 10.1115/PVP2018-84438

O. Takakuwa, S. Matsuoka, S. Okazaki, M. Yoshikawa, J. Yamabe, H. Matsunaga

{"title":"Temperature Dependence of Fatigue Crack Growth in Low-Alloy Steel Under Gaseous Hydrogen","authors":"O. Takakuwa, S. Matsuoka, S. Okazaki, M. Yoshikawa, J. Yamabe, H. Matsunaga","doi":"10.1115/PVP2018-84438","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/PVP2018-84438","url":null,"abstract":"In order to elucidate the temperature dependence of hydrogen-enhanced fatigue crack growth (FCG), the FCG test was performed on low-alloy Cr-Mo steel JIS-SCM435 according to ASTM E647 using compact tension (CT) specimen under 0.1–95 MPa hydrogen-gas at temperature ranging from room temperature (298 K) to 423 K. The obtained results were interpreted according to trap site occupancy under thermal equilibrium state. The FCG was significantly accelerated at RT under hydrogen-gas, that its maximum acceleration rate of the FCG was 15 at the pressure of 95 MPa at the temperature of 298 K. The hydrogen-enhanced FCG was mitigated due to temperature elevation for all pressure conditions. The trap site with binding energy of 44 kJ/mol dominated the temperature dependence of hydrogen-enhanced FCG, corresponding approximately to binding energy of dislocation core. The trap site (dislocation) occupancy is decreased with the temperature elevation, resulting in the mitigation of the FCG acceleration. On the basis of the obtained results, when the occupancy becomes higher at lower temperature, e.g. 298 K, hydrogen-enhanced FCG becomes more pronounced. The lower occupancy at higher temperature does the opposite.","PeriodicalId":23651,"journal":{"name":"Volume 6B: Materials and Fabrication","volume":"28 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78960883","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Influence of Hydrogen on Tensile and Fatigue Life Properties of 304/308 Austenitic Stainless Steel Butt Welded Joints 氢对304/308奥氏体不锈钢对接焊接接头拉伸性能和疲劳寿命的影响

Volume 6B: Materials and Fabrication Pub Date : 2018-07-15 DOI: 10.1115/PVP2018-84781

S. Okazaki, H. Matsunaga, M. Nakamura, S. Hamada, S. Matsuoka

{"title":"Influence of Hydrogen on Tensile and Fatigue Life Properties of 304/308 Austenitic Stainless Steel Butt Welded Joints","authors":"S. Okazaki, H. Matsunaga, M. Nakamura, S. Hamada, S. Matsuoka","doi":"10.1115/PVP2018-84781","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/PVP2018-84781","url":null,"abstract":"To investigate the influence of hydrogen on the tensile and fatigue life properties of welded joints of 304/308 austenitic stainless steels, slow strain rate tensile (SSRT) tests and fatigue life tests were conducted in laboratory air using hydrogen exposed specimens. The specimens were fabricated from welded plates, and to elucidate the role of weld structure on hydrogen-induced degradation, the welded joint was solution-treated. In the SSRT tests of the as-welded (AW) joint, a non-exposed specimen failed at the base metal (BM), whereas a hydrogen-exposed specimen failed near the weld toe. In the case of the solution-treated-welded (STW) joint, the non-exposed specimen failed at the part of solution treated weld metal, whereas an H-exposed specimen failed near the weld toe. As a result, internal hydrogen significantly degraded the elongation of the AW joint.\u0000 In the fatigue test, all the specimens failed near the weld toe. Internal hydrogen degraded the fatigue life considerably. However, the pre-charging led to little, if any, reduction in the fatigue limit. Similarly to the AW joint, hydrogen gas exposure notably degraded the fatigue life of the STW joint and led to little reduction in the fatigue limit. To investigate the relationship between the hydrogen-induced degradation and strain-induced martensitic transformation during fatigue testing, the volume fraction of ferrite in the broken specimens was measured by a ferrite scope. The volume fraction of martensitic transformation increased with an increase in the stress amplitude. These experimental results implied that the hydrogen-induced fatigue life degradation in the welded joint was closely related to the martensitic transformation during the fatigue process. The mechanisms of both the degradation in fatigue life and nondegradation in fatigue limit will be discussed further.","PeriodicalId":23651,"journal":{"name":"Volume 6B: Materials and Fabrication","volume":"21 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79203899","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Methods of Material Testing in High-Pressure Hydrogen Environment and Evaluation of Hydrogen Compatibility of Metallic Materials: Current Status in Japan 高压氢环境下材料试验方法及金属材料的氢相容性评价:日本现状

Volume 6B: Materials and Fabrication Pub Date : 2018-07-15 DOI: 10.1115/PVP2018-84112

Hideo Kobayashi, H. Kobayashi, Takeru Sano, T. Maeda, Hiroaki Tamura, Ayumu Ishizuka, M. Kimura, N. Yoshikawa, T. Iijima, J. Yamabe, S. Matsuoka, H. Matsunaga

引用次数: 2

Study on Hydrogen Compatibility of S31603 Weld Joints in 98MPa Gaseous Hydrogen S31603焊接接头在98MPa气态氢中的氢相容性研究

Volume 6B: Materials and Fabrication Pub Date : 2018-07-15 DOI: 10.1115/PVP2018-84453

Qi He, Z. Hua, Jinyang Zheng

{"title":"Study on Hydrogen Compatibility of S31603 Weld Joints in 98MPa Gaseous Hydrogen","authors":"Qi He, Z. Hua, Jinyang Zheng","doi":"10.1115/PVP2018-84453","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/PVP2018-84453","url":null,"abstract":"Austenitic stainless steel of the 300 series and their welds are widely employed in the production, storage and distribution infrastructures of gaseous and liquid hydrogen. However, hydrogen compatibility of their welds has not been completely understood, especially in high-pressure hydrogen environment. In this study, the influence of 98MPa high pressure gaseous hydrogen on the tensile properties and fracture behaviors of three kinds of S31603 weld joints were investigated, including SMAW, SAW and TIG welds. The tensile data indicated that hydrogen caused the ductility loss of the SAW and TIG weld joints, particularly for the TIG welds. For the SMAW weld joints, hydrogen had little impact on its ductility. Fractographic analysis revealed that hydrogen scarcely induced a change in the fracture mode of the SMAW welds. Different from this, the SAW and TIG welds were found to exhibit an obvious susceptibility to hydrogen embrittlement in this study, particularly for the TIG welds, based on the change of fracture features from dimples to facets, striations and secondary cracks. Additionally, both fracture surfaces of the SMAW and SAW welds contained some inclusions where the secondary cracks were promoted.","PeriodicalId":23651,"journal":{"name":"Volume 6B: Materials and Fabrication","volume":"23 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74045395","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0