Wiley-Blackwell: Economic Policy最新文献_第8页

Inter Vivos Transfers and Bequests in Three OECD Countries 三个经合组织国家的生前转让和遗赠

Wiley-Blackwell: Economic Policy Pub Date : 2005-07-01 DOI: 10.1111/J.1468-0327.2005.00145.X

Ernesto Villanueva

引用次数: 43

Securitization of Taxes Implicit in PAYG Pensions 现收现付养老金隐含的税收证券化

Wiley-Blackwell: Economic Policy Pub Date : 2005-04-01 DOI: 10.1111/J.1468-0327.2005.00138.X

Salvador Valdés-Prieto

引用次数: 35

Capital Quality Improvement and the Sources of Economic Growth in the Euro Area 欧元区资本质量提升与经济增长之源

Wiley-Blackwell: Economic Policy Pub Date : 2005-04-01 DOI: 10.1111/J.1468-0327.2005.00139.X

Plutarchos Sakellaris, F. Vijselaar

{"title":"Capital Quality Improvement and the Sources of Economic Growth in the Euro Area","authors":"Plutarchos Sakellaris, F. Vijselaar","doi":"10.1111/J.1468-0327.2005.00139.X","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/J.1468-0327.2005.00139.X","url":null,"abstract":"type=\"main\" xml:lang=\"en\"> Europe's growth slowed in the 1990s, reinforcing the overall impression of a need to catch up with the US regarding standards of living. In reaction, EU leaders adopted the famous Lisbon Agenda in 2000. The Agenda is now under review, the aim being to determine why progress on its pro-growth goals has been unsatisfactory and what can be done about it. The first crucial step in this process is to understand the true sources of the European growth slowdown. Sources-of-growth calculations have always been imprecise, but evidence from the US suggests that ‘quality upgrading’– especially in capital goods – has substantially worsened the precision problem since the 1990s. Unfortunately, quality adjusted sources-of-growth calculations, however, have not performed satisfactorily for Europe, so Europe's leaders are working with potentially misleading accounts of Europe's growth slowdown. Redressing this omission is the goal of this paper. Failure to account properly for capital quality improvements leads to two mistakes. First, overall GDP is underestimated. Our calculations, for example, show that euro area GDP growth was underestimated on average by 0.7 percentage points annually in the late 1990s. However, similar quality-adjustment figures raise US growth figures in the same period by even more, so quality-adjusting suggests that the US–EU growth gap was even more pronounced than previously believed. Secondly, the sources-of-growth calculations used to prioritize Europe's pro-growth policies are skewed. Our calculations show that the contribution of the slowdown in disembodied technical progress to the overall slowdown is more pronounced after quality adjustment. Our findings point to the need for adoption of microeconomic measures aimed at enhancing overall efficiency and boosting innovation activity. Such measures would aim at a better business environment, e.g. by easing regulatory and administrative burden and liberalizing energy and telecommunications markets. — Plutarchos Sakellaris and Focco Vijselaar","PeriodicalId":236508,"journal":{"name":"Wiley-Blackwell: Economic Policy","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128285363","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 14

The Russian 'Flat Tax' Reform 俄罗斯的“单一税”改革

Wiley-Blackwell: Economic Policy Pub Date : 2005-01-01 DOI: 10.1111/J.1468-0327.2005.00143.X

A. Ivanova, M. Keen, Alexander Klemm

引用次数: 178

Marketization of Household Production and the Eu-Us Gap in Work 家庭生产市场化与欧美就业差距

Wiley-Blackwell: Economic Policy Pub Date : 2005-01-01 DOI: 10.1111/J.1468-0327.2005.00132.X

Richard B. Freeman, R. Schettkat

引用次数: 196

Determinants and Effects of Foreign Direct Investment: Evidence from German Firm-Level Data 外国直接投资的决定因素及其影响:来自德国企业层面数据的证据

Wiley-Blackwell: Economic Policy Pub Date : 2005-01-01 DOI: 10.1111/J.1468-0327.2005.00133.X

C. Buch, J. Kleinert, Alexander Lipponer, F. Toubal

{"title":"Determinants and Effects of Foreign Direct Investment: Evidence from German Firm-Level Data","authors":"C. Buch, J. Kleinert, Alexander Lipponer, F. Toubal","doi":"10.1111/J.1468-0327.2005.00133.X","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/J.1468-0327.2005.00133.X","url":null,"abstract":"Foreign direct investment is an essential aspect of ‘globalization' yet its empirical determinants are not well understood. What we do know is based either on poor data for a wide range of nations, or good data for the US and Swedish cases. In this paper, we provide evidence on the determinants of the activities of German multinational firms by using a newly available firm-level data set from the Deutsche Bundesbank. The specific goal of this paper is to demonstrate the relative role of country-level and firm-level determinants of foreign direct investment. We focus on three main questions: First, what are the main driving forces of German firms' multinational activities? Second, is there evidence that sector-level and firm-level factors shape internationalization patterns? Third, is there evidence of agglomeration effects in the foreign activities of German firms? We find that the market access motive for internationalization dominates. Firms move abroad mainly to gain better access to large foreign markets. Cost-saving motives, however, are important for some manufacturing sectors. Our results strongly suggest that firm-level heterogeneity has an important influence on internationalization patterns – as stressed by recent models of international trade. We also find positive agglomeration effects for the activities of German firms that stem from the number of other German firms that are active on a given foreign market. In terms of lessons for economic policy, our results show that lowering barriers to the integration of markets and encouraging the formation of human capital can promote the activities of multinational firms. However, our results related to the heterogeneity of firms and agglomeration tendencies show that it might be difficult to fine-tune policies directed at the exploitation of synergies and at the creation of clusters of foreign firms.","PeriodicalId":236508,"journal":{"name":"Wiley-Blackwell: Economic Policy","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128669327","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 187

Deflation and Monetary Policy in a Historical Perspective: Remembering the Past or Being Condemned to Repeat it? 历史视角下的通货紧缩与货币政策:铭记过去还是注定重蹈覆辙?

Wiley-Blackwell: Economic Policy Pub Date : 2004-10-01 DOI: 10.1111/J.1468-0327.2005.00151.X

Michael D. Bordo, Andrew J. Filardo

引用次数: 101

Fear of Service Outsourcing: Is it Justified? 对服务外包的恐惧:是否合理?

Wiley-Blackwell: Economic Policy Pub Date : 2004-10-01 DOI: 10.1111/J.1468-0327.2005.00140.X

M. Amiti, S. Wei

引用次数: 607

The Two Pillars of the European Central Bank 欧洲央行的两大支柱

Wiley-Blackwell: Economic Policy Pub Date : 2004-10-01 DOI: 10.1111/J.1468-0327.2004.00128.X

S. Gerlach

引用次数: 121

Are Contributions to Public Pension Programmes a Tax on Employment? 对公共养老金计划的缴款是一种就业税吗?

Wiley-Blackwell: Economic Policy Pub Date : 2004-07-01 DOI: 10.1111/J.1468-0327.2004.00124.X

R. Disney

{"title":"Are Contributions to Public Pension Programmes a Tax on Employment?","authors":"R. Disney","doi":"10.1111/J.1468-0327.2004.00124.X","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/J.1468-0327.2004.00124.X","url":null,"abstract":"type=\"main\" xml:lang=\"en\"> Many studies describe the potentially adverse impact on employment of the payroll costs of financing public pension programmes. Conventionally, empirical studies treat contributions to public pension programmes as a pure tax (in, for example, calculations of the tax wedge by OECD). But this approach ignores any future rights to benefits that are perceived by contributors. In fact, public pension programmes contain both an ‘actuarial’ and a ‘redistributive’ component – the former closer to saving, the latter a tax. The paper constructs indicators of the tax component of pension programmes, both between and within generations, across a range of OECD countries and time periods. It uses these measures in a cross-country panel analysis of the determinants of age and gender-specific economic activity rates. The results reveal robust evidence that when public pension programme contributions are broken down into a tax component and a savings component, the tax component of the payroll contribution reduces economic activity rates among women while a higher retirement saving component has the opposite effect. There is little evidence that average tax rates, however constructed, have any adverse impact on the economic activity rates of men. — Richard Disney","PeriodicalId":236508,"journal":{"name":"Wiley-Blackwell: Economic Policy","volume":" 16","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2004-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"120830016","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 194