Wiley-Blackwell: Economic Policy最新文献_第4页

Cross-Country Experiences and Policy Implications from the Global Financial Crisis 全球金融危机的跨国经验和政策启示

Wiley-Blackwell: Economic Policy Pub Date : 2010-04-01 DOI: 10.1111/j.1468-0327.2010.00244.x

S. Claessens, Giovanni Dell'Ariccia, Deniz Igan, L. Laeven

引用次数: 417

Drugs Policy: What Should We Do About Cannabis? 毒品政策:我们应该如何对待大麻?

Wiley-Blackwell: Economic Policy Pub Date : 2010-01-01 DOI: 10.1111/j.1468-0327.2009.00236.x

S. Pudney

引用次数: 57

Monetary Policy in Exceptional Times 特殊时期的货币政策

Wiley-Blackwell: Economic Policy Pub Date : 2010-01-01 DOI: 10.1111/j.1468-0327.2010.00240.x

M. Lenza, H. Pill, L. Reichlin

引用次数: 398

The Governance and Performance of Universities: Evidence from Europe and the US 大学治理与绩效:来自欧洲和美国的证据

Wiley-Blackwell: Economic Policy Pub Date : 2010-01-01 DOI: 10.1111/j.1468-0327.2009.00238.x

P. Aghion, M. Dewatripont, C. Hoxby, A. Mas-Colell, A. Sapir

{"title":"The Governance and Performance of Universities: Evidence from Europe and the US","authors":"P. Aghion, M. Dewatripont, C. Hoxby, A. Mas-Colell, A. Sapir","doi":"10.1111/j.1468-0327.2009.00238.x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-0327.2009.00238.x","url":null,"abstract":"We test the hypothesis that universities are more productive when they are both more autonomous and face more competition. Using survey data, we construct indices of university autonomy and competition for both Europe and the United States. We show that there are strong positive correlations between these indices and multiple measures of university output. To obtain causal evidence, we investigate exogenous shocks to US universities' expenditures over three decades. These shocks arise through the political appointment process, which we use to generate instrumental variables. We find that an exogenous increase in a university's expenditure generates more output, measured by either patents or publications, if the university is more autonomous and faces more competition. Exploiting variation over time in the 'stakes' of competitions for US federal research grants, we also find that universities generate more output for a given expenditure when research competitions are high stakes. We draw lessons, arguing that European universities could benefit from a combination of greater autonomy and greater accountability. Greater accountability might come through increased reliance on competitive grants, enhanced competition for students and faculty (promoted by reforms that increase mobility), and yardstick competitions (which often take the form of assessment exercises). © CEPR, CES, MSH, 2010.","PeriodicalId":236508,"journal":{"name":"Wiley-Blackwell: Economic Policy","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121498240","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 319

The Effects of Employment Protection Legislation and Financial Market Imperfections on Investment: Evidence from a Firm-Level Panel of EU Countries 就业保护立法和金融市场不完善对投资的影响:来自欧盟国家企业层面面板的证据

Wiley-Blackwell: Economic Policy Pub Date : 2010-01-01 DOI: 10.1111/j.1468-0327.2009.00235.x

F. Cingano, M. Leonardi, Julián Messina, Giovanni Pica

引用次数: 216

From Great Depression to Great Credit Crisis: Similarities, Differences and Lessons 从大萧条到大信贷危机:相同点、不同点和教训

Wiley-Blackwell: Economic Policy Pub Date : 2009-11-01 DOI: 10.1111/j.1468-0327.2010.00242.x

Miguel Almunia, Agustín S. Bénétrix, Barry Eichengreen, Kevin H. O'Rourke, Gisela Rua

引用次数: 289

Planning to Cheat: EU Fiscal Policy in Real Time 计划欺骗:实时的欧盟财政政策

Wiley-Blackwell: Economic Policy Pub Date : 2009-10-01 DOI: 10.1111/j.1468-0327.2009.00230.x

R. Beetsma, Massimo Giuliodori, Peter Wierts

引用次数: 160

Disability, Capacity for Work and the Business Cycle: An International Perspective 残疾、工作能力和商业周期:一个国际视角

Wiley-Blackwell: Economic Policy Pub Date : 2009-09-01 DOI: 10.1111/j.1468-0327.2010.00247.x

Hugo Benı́tez-Silva, R. Disney, S. Jiménez-Mart́ın

{"title":"Disability, Capacity for Work and the Business Cycle: An International Perspective","authors":"Hugo Benı́tez-Silva, R. Disney, S. Jiménez-Mart́ın","doi":"10.1111/j.1468-0327.2010.00247.x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-0327.2010.00247.x","url":null,"abstract":"Important policy issues arise from the high and growing number of people claiming disability benefits for reasons of incapacity for work in OECD countries. Economic conditions play an important part in explaining both the stock of disability benefit claimants and inflows to and outflows from that stock. Employing a variety of cross-country and country-specific household panel data sets, as well as administrative data, we find strong evidence that local variations in unemployment have an important explanatory role for disability benefit receipt, with higher total enrolments, lower outflows from rolls and, often, higher inflows into disability rolls in regions and periods of above-average unemployment. In understanding the nature of the cyclical fluctuations and trends in disability it is important to distinguish between work disability and health disability. The former is likely to be influenced by economic conditions and welfare programmes while the latter evolves in a slower fashion with medical technology and demographic changes. There is little evidence of health disability being related to the business cycle, so cyclical variations are driven by work disability. The rise in unemployment due to the current global economic crisis is expected to increase the number of disability insurance claimants.","PeriodicalId":236508,"journal":{"name":"Wiley-Blackwell: Economic Policy","volume":"76 6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116357385","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 90

Beyond Eurosclerosis

Wiley-Blackwell: Economic Policy Pub Date : 2009-07-01 DOI: 10.1111/j.1468-0327.2009.00225.x

Tito Boeri, P. Garibaldi

引用次数: 59

Elections and Economic Policy in Developing Countries 发展中国家的选举和经济政策

Wiley-Blackwell: Economic Policy Pub Date : 2009-06-30 DOI: 10.1111/j.1468-0327.2009.00228.x

L. Chauvet, P. Collier

{"title":"Elections and Economic Policy in Developing Countries","authors":"L. Chauvet, P. Collier","doi":"10.1111/j.1468-0327.2009.00228.x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-0327.2009.00228.x","url":null,"abstract":"\"This paper explores the impact of elections on economic policies and governance in developing countries. We distinguish between a structural effect, which increases accountability, and a cyclical effect which may be disruptive. Since the effects are offsetting, neither can be analysed in isolation. We implement an econometric analysis on more than 80 developing countries using positive changes in the Country Policy and Institutional Assessment of the World Bank and the International Country Risk Guide as signalling improvements in economic policy and governance. We find that both structural and cyclical effects matter. The cyclical effect suggests that mid-term is the best moment for policy change. We investigate the structural effect by comparing different frequencies of elections. Except at the extremes, a higher frequency of elections improves both policy and governance net of any cyclical effect. The important exception to this benign net effect is if the electoral process is badly conducted. Badly conducted elections have no structural efficacy for policy improvement. A reasonable interpretation of our results is that honest elections increase accountability and thereby discipline governments to improve economic policy and governance, but that if candidates can win by fraud this chain is broken.\" Copyright (c) CEPR, CES, MSH, 2009.","PeriodicalId":236508,"journal":{"name":"Wiley-Blackwell: Economic Policy","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125628538","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 71