Wiley-Blackwell: Economic Policy最新文献_第5页

The Rise of Obesity in Europe: An Economic Perspective 欧洲肥胖症的增加:一个经济视角

Wiley-Blackwell: Economic Policy Pub Date : 2009-06-30 DOI: 10.1111/j.1468-0327.2009.00226.x

G. Brunello, P. Michaud, Anna Sanz-de-Galdeano

{"title":"The Rise of Obesity in Europe: An Economic Perspective","authors":"G. Brunello, P. Michaud, Anna Sanz-de-Galdeano","doi":"10.1111/j.1468-0327.2009.00226.x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-0327.2009.00226.x","url":null,"abstract":"\"Obesity in Europe is rising. This paper investigates the economic rationales for public intervention to control obesity. We present new empirical evidence showing that family background is related to obesity among young European adults. This evidence provides a strong basis for intervention on equity grounds, particularly targeted towards children. The case for intervention on efficiency grounds is less clear-cut and in most cases the evidence is relatively weak. We find insufficient evidence that information deficiencies are important, as the majority of Europeans appear to be aware of the bad consequences of obesity on health. We also find that the potential health insurance externality -- non-obese effectively subsidizing obese individuals -- is small. In support of policy intervention, we show that there are product and labour market imperfections. Obese employees earn less than the non-obese. We also find that there is a remarkably high proportion of individuals with self-control problems, who fail to stick to their self-declared weight-related plans. Regulations that affect fast food advertisements and the location and access to fast food vending machines and establishments may help these individuals in controlling their weight.\" Copyright (c) CEPR, CES, MSH, 2009.","PeriodicalId":236508,"journal":{"name":"Wiley-Blackwell: Economic Policy","volume":"20 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133015851","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 60

What Happens During Recessions, Crunches and Busts? 在衰退、紧缩和萧条期间会发生什么?

Wiley-Blackwell: Economic Policy Pub Date : 2008-12-01 DOI: 10.1111/j.1468-0327.2009.00231.x

Stijn Claessens, M. Kose, Marco E. Terrones

引用次数: 581

The Political Economy Under Monetary Union: Has the Euro Made a Difference? 货币联盟下的政治经济:欧元起作用了吗?

Wiley-Blackwell: Economic Policy Pub Date : 2008-11-06 DOI: 10.1111/j.1468-0327.2009.00219.x

Marcel Fratzscher, Livio Stracca

引用次数: 91

Labour Market Institutions and Income Inequality 劳动力市场制度与收入不平等

Wiley-Blackwell: Economic Policy Pub Date : 2008-10-01 DOI: 10.1111/j.1468-0327.2008.00209.x

D. Checchi, C. García-Peñalosa

引用次数: 161

Financial Integration, Capital Mobility, and Income Convergence 金融一体化、资本流动与收入趋同

Wiley-Blackwell: Economic Policy Pub Date : 2008-09-01 DOI: 10.1111/j.1468-0327.2009.00222.x

A. Abiad, D. Leigh, A. Mody

引用次数: 98

Investigating Capitalism Aversion 资本主义厌恶调查

Wiley-Blackwell: Economic Policy Pub Date : 2008-07-01 DOI: 10.1111/j.1468-0327.2008.00205.x

Augustin Landier, D. Thesmar, Mathias Thoenig

{"title":"Investigating Capitalism Aversion","authors":"Augustin Landier, D. Thesmar, Mathias Thoenig","doi":"10.1111/j.1468-0327.2008.00205.x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-0327.2008.00205.x","url":null,"abstract":"Capitalism aversion: There are two non-mutually exclusive theories of individual variations in pro-capitalism opinions. The first theory views pro-capitalism opinions as self-serving: Individuals are opposed to market forces when they threaten their economic rents. The second theory views differences in such opinions as reflecting genuine disagreement on the efficiency of various economic systems. Using individual data, we investigate the validity of both theories, focusing on attitudes toward private ownership, private profit and competition. We find evidence that the first theory explains some of the variations in attitudes. However, consistent with the second theory, we also find evidence of individual learning about the comparative virtues of economic systems. The learning is slow, home-biased and path-dependent. Long-run cultural and historical determinants of pro-market attitudes, such as religion and legal origins, explain more than 40% of the cross-country variations in capitalism aversion. Last, we provide tentative evidence that at the country level, pro-market opinions affect the nature of economic institutions. Our results suggest that the feasibility of economic reform does not depend solely on its impact on the distribution of rents; ideological a-prioris are likely to be important as well.","PeriodicalId":236508,"journal":{"name":"Wiley-Blackwell: Economic Policy","volume":"41 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123364561","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 48

Predictability of Aid: Do Fickle Donors Undermine Aid Effectiveness? 援助的可预见性:善变的捐助者会破坏援助的有效性吗?

Wiley-Blackwell: Economic Policy Pub Date : 2008-06-12 DOI: 10.1111/j.1468-0327.2008.00206.x

Oya Celasun, Jan Walliser

{"title":"Predictability of Aid: Do Fickle Donors Undermine Aid Effectiveness?","authors":"Oya Celasun, Jan Walliser","doi":"10.1111/j.1468-0327.2008.00206.x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-0327.2008.00206.x","url":null,"abstract":"\"Aid recipients and donors alike frequently voice concerns about the lack of predictability of development aid. The existing literature often treats predictability and volatility as closely related, but this paper shows that they are conceptually and empirically distinct. Using two main data sources, we demonstrate that, contrary to common belief, lack of predictability typically involves managing both aid shortfalls and windfalls, and hampers aid management even in countries with stable implementation of macroeconomic policies. Although regression analysis of the sources of low predictability for a large panel picks up two indicators that could be seen as justifying unexpected revisions in aid disbursements, a large unexplained residual remains for which we cannot identify a link between low predictability and aid effectiveness concerns by donors. Using detailed data from IMF programmes, we demonstrate the significant costs of low predictability of budget aid in relatively well performing recipient countries. Deviations of disbursed from expected budget aid of more than 1% of GDP on average are absorbed asymmetrically: aid shortfalls lead to debt accumulation and cuts in investment spending, whereas aid windfalls help reduce debt but also lead to additional government consumption. Lack of predictability thus shifts government spending from investment to consumption activities.\" Copyright Journal compilation (c) CEPR, CES, MSH, 2008.","PeriodicalId":236508,"journal":{"name":"Wiley-Blackwell: Economic Policy","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130517357","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 123

Regional Inflation Dynamics within and across Euro Area Countries and a Comparison with the United States 欧元区国家内部和整个地区的通货膨胀动态以及与美国的比较

Wiley-Blackwell: Economic Policy Pub Date : 2008-06-01 DOI: 10.1111/j.1468-0327.2009.00214.x

Guenter W. Beck, K. Hubrich, Massimiliano Marcellino

引用次数: 139

The Effect of Information and Communication Technologies on Urban Structure 信息通信技术对城市结构的影响

Wiley-Blackwell: Economic Policy Pub Date : 2008-03-19 DOI: 10.1111/j.1468-0327.2008.00200.x

Yannis M. Ioannides, H. Overman, E. Rossi-Hansberg, Kurt Schmidheiny

引用次数: 147

Market Services Productivity Across Europe and the US 欧洲和美国的市场服务生产力

Wiley-Blackwell: Economic Policy Pub Date : 2007-12-23 DOI: 10.1111/j.1468-0327.2007.00194.x

R. Inklaar, M. Timmer, Bart van Ark

引用次数: 266