Vaccines最新文献

{"title":"Possible Anti-Pain Vaccines: A Narrative Review of Emerging Strategies and Clinical Prospects.","authors":"Yuri Chaves Martins, Luciana Pereira De-Sousa, Peyton J Murin, Hamed Sadeghipour, Cláudio Tadeu Daniel-Ribeiro","doi":"10.3390/vaccines13090909","DOIUrl":"10.3390/vaccines13090909","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Chronic pain affects millions of individuals globally and continues to pose a major burden on patients and healthcare systems. Traditional analgesics, such as opioids and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, often provide only partial relief and are frequently associated with significant side effects and risks of misuse. In recent years, vaccines that target molecules involved in pain signaling have emerged as an innovative therapeutic strategy. These vaccines aim to induce long-lasting immune responses against key mediators of nociception, including nerve growth factor (NGF), calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP), substance P, and voltage-gated sodium channels such as Nav1.7. By promoting the production of specific antibodies, anti-pain vaccines have the potential to achieve analgesic effects with longer duration, reduced need for frequent administration, and improved accessibility. Multiple vaccine platforms are under investigation, including virus-like particles, peptide-protein conjugates, and nucleic acid technologies. Although preclinical studies have shown promising efficacy and safety profiles, clinical evidence is still limited to early-stage trials, particularly for migraine. This narrative review summarizes current knowledge on therapeutic vaccines for pain, discusses the immunological and technological advances in the field, and outlines future directions.</p>","PeriodicalId":23634,"journal":{"name":"Vaccines","volume":"13 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2025-08-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12474396/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145178957","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Path Towards Effective Long-Lasting Tissue-Targeted Prime/Pull/Keep Herpes Simplex Therapeutic Vaccines.","authors":"Afshana Quadiri, Yassir Lekbach, Elhoucine Elfatimi, Swayam Prakash, Hawa Vahed, Sweta Karan, Azizur Rehman, Sarah Xue Le Ng, Chhaya Maurya, Reilly Chow, Lbachir BenMohamed","doi":"10.3390/vaccines13090908","DOIUrl":"10.3390/vaccines13090908","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The development of vaccines against many infectious diseases has been a great success of medical science over the last century. However, despite numerous efforts, effective vaccines for herpes simplex virus types 1 and 2 (HSV-1 and HSV-2) remain elusive. Since 1920s, a range of therapeutic vaccine candidates, primarily focusing on neutralizing antibodies, have failed to confer robust and durable protective immunity against recurrent herpes. Recent advances in omics, artificial intelligence, and deep learning have opened new horizons for the rational design of tissue-targeted herpes vaccine strategies for inducing potent and durable HSV-specific CD4⁺ and CD8⁺ T_RM cell immunity at both the sensory ganglia (central immunity), the site of latency/reactivation cycle, and the mucocutaneous epithelial tissues (peripheral immunity), the site of viral replication that causes herpetic lesions. Prime/Pull/Keep ocular and genital herpes vaccine candidates (PPK vaccines) have recently shown success in pre-clinical animal model trials of recurrent ocular and genital herpes. These PPK vaccines used \"asymptomatic\" epitopes/antigens to prime CD4⁺ and CD8⁺ T cells (Prime); primed T cells are then pulled towards the infected central and peripheral epithelial tissues using T cell-attracting chemokines, such as CXCL11 (Pull), followed by survival cytokines (IL-2, IL-7 and/or IL-15) or mucosal chemokines (CXCL17 and/or CCL28) to maintain the \"pulled\" tissue-resident T cells longer within infected tissues (Keep). We discuss recent efforts in designing a clinically adapted, all-in-one PPK mucosal therapeutic vaccine that would require a single administration to sequentially trigger all three PPK steps of priming, recruiting, and maintaining antiviral, tissue-resident, protective T cells at the primary sites of viral entry and latency.</p>","PeriodicalId":23634,"journal":{"name":"Vaccines","volume":"13 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2025-08-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12474029/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145179027","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Retrospective Analysis of the Impact of Vaccination with an Inactivated Vaccine on Toxoplasmosis-Associated Mortality in Captive Wildlife.","authors":"Angelo Scuotto, Daniela Ogonczyk-Makowska, Alicia Quiévy, Mélanie Berthet, Kévin Schlax, Didier Boussarie, Alexis Maillot, Florine Popelin-Wedlarski, Thomas Charpentier, Maïalen Perot, Benoît Quintard, Marloes van Elderen, Job Benjamin Gérard Stumpel, Stamatios Alan Tahas, Anna Modlinska, Viktória Sós-Koroknai, Alexandre Azevedo, María Del Carmen Carmona Muciño, Mariana Castilho Martins, Carlos Madrid, Juliana Peña Stadlin, Lina M Henao-Montoya, Didier Betbeder","doi":"10.3390/vaccines13090910","DOIUrl":"10.3390/vaccines13090910","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background/Objectives</b>: <i>Toxoplasma gondii</i> is a major cause of zoonotic infections in both humans and animals, resulting in significant mortality in susceptible species, such as New World primates and marsupials. Toxoplasmosis is particularly concerning in zoos and wildlife reserves, where outbreaks threaten conservation efforts for endangered species. In the absence of a commercially available vaccine against toxoplasmosis for humans and captive wild animals, current prevention strategies are limited to restricting the access of cats to enclosures, controlling rodent populations, and maintaining strict food hygiene. Recent research has shown promising results with an intranasal vaccine (VXN-Toxo) composed of maltodextrin nanoparticles conjugated with a purified, inactivated <i>T. gondii</i> parasite. This experimental vaccine does not pose a risk of causing disease and offers advantages such as better stability compared with live pathogen-based vaccines. <b>Methods</b>: This study presents a large-scale evaluation of the effect of VXN-Toxo administered to captive wildlife across 20 zoos in Europe and the Americas between 2017 and 2025. Seven hundred and eighty-four animals, representing over 58 species (including primates, marsupials, rodents, and felids), were vaccinated without any adverse events reported. <b>Results</b>: Retrospective mortality data from 20 participating zoological institutions revealed an overall 96.7% reduction-and, in many cases, a complete elimination-of toxoplasmosis-associated deaths post vaccination. <b>Conclusions</b>: These results demonstrate, for the first time, consistent and broad-spectrum protection against <i>T. gondii</i> of different strains in a wide array of captive wildlife species. This universal vaccine represents a promising tool for toxoplasmosis prevention in zoological collections, with significant implications for animal health and conservation strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":23634,"journal":{"name":"Vaccines","volume":"13 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2025-08-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12474393/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145178880","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Immunotherapy of Oncovirus-Induced Cancers: A Review on the Development and Efficacy of Targeted Vaccines.","authors":"Chi Sing Ng","doi":"10.3390/vaccines13090911","DOIUrl":"10.3390/vaccines13090911","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>A number of viruses are oncogenic. These include the human papilloma virus (HPV), Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), Kaposi sarcoma human herpes virus 2/human herpes virus 8 (KSHHV/HHV8), hepatitis B virus, (HBV), hepatitis C virus (HCV), Merkel cell polyoma virus (McPyV), and the human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 (HTLV-1). These viruses cause malignancies ranging from carcinomas, sarcomas, lymphomas, to leukemias. This review aims to study the effects and efficacy of vaccines against these viruses and the cancers they cause in their prevention and treatment.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The literature in the past 30 years was searched employing Scopus and Google Scholar using the keywords \"oncogenic viruses, HPV, EBV, KSHHV, HHV8, Polyoma virus, HTLV-1, COVID-19, carcinoma, sarcoma, lymphoma, leukemia, anti-virus vaccines\".</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Prophylactic vaccines against the HPV and HBV are highly effective in preventing and reducing the incidence of uterine cervical and hepatocellular carcinomas. Prophylactic vaccines against other oncogenic viruses have been less successful, though efficacious in some experimental animals. Therapeutic vaccines are still mostly under evaluation and development.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Identification of oncogenic viruses has rendered anti-viral vaccines conspicuous tools for preventing and treating cancers they cause. Many endeavors for the development of such vaccines have been met with limited success, apart from the very effective anti-HPV and anti-HBV vaccines in universal vaccination programs. With the development of new vaccine technologies, it is hoped that effective vaccines against other oncogenic viruses will be developed in the future.</p>","PeriodicalId":23634,"journal":{"name":"Vaccines","volume":"13 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2025-08-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12474277/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145178914","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bridging the Gap: Two Decades of Childhood Vaccination Coverage and Equity in Cambodia and the Philippines (2000-2022).","authors":"Yanqin Zhang, Xinyu Zhang, Qian Long","doi":"10.3390/vaccines13090907","DOIUrl":"10.3390/vaccines13090907","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background/Objectives:</b> Equitable access to childhood vaccines remains a challenge in many low- and middle-income countries. This study assessed coverage of WHO-recommended childhood vaccines in Cambodia and the Philippines, focusing on urban-rural and wealth disparities, and examined maternal demographic and socioeconomic factors influencing vaccination coverage. <b>Methods:</b> Cross-sectional data from Demographic and Health Surveys from Cambodia (2000-2021/22) and the Philippines (2003-2022) were used. Descriptive analyses were performed to elucidate vaccination coverage trends (BCG, hepatitis B birth dose, DTP, OPV, PCV, and measles). Urban-rural and wealth-related disparities were assessed by calculating absolute differences and Slope Index of Inequality. Logistic regression was used to analyze the impact of maternal demographics and socioeconomic status on vaccination coverage. <b>Results:</b> Cambodia showed significant increases in BCG, DTP, and OPV coverage over the past two decades, whereas those coverage in the Philippines declined slightly since 2017. In 2022, 75.2% of Filipino children received the BCG and hepatitis B (birth dose) vaccines, and around two-thirds completed DTP, OPV, and PCV vaccinations on schedule, lower than the rates in Cambodia. Only half of the children completed measles vaccination in both countries. Urban-rural disparities declined over time in both countries, but wealth inequalities persisted and widened in the Philippines between 2017 and 2022. Women with higher education attainment, from a wealthy household and having fewer children, was associated with increased likelihood of completing childhood vaccinations in both countries. <b>Conclusions:</b> Persistent socioeconomic disparities in childhood vaccination in low- and middle-income countries highlight the need for targeted pro-poor and community-based strategies to ensure equitable access.</p>","PeriodicalId":23634,"journal":{"name":"Vaccines","volume":"13 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2025-08-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12474049/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145178865","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hepatitis E Vaccination Preferences and Willingness-to-Pay Among Residents: A Discrete Choice Experiment Analysis.","authors":"Yuanqiong Chen, Chao Zhang, Zhuoru Zou, Weijun Hu, Dan Zhang, Sidi Zhao, Shaobai Zhang, Qian Wu, Lei Zhang","doi":"10.3390/vaccines13090906","DOIUrl":"10.3390/vaccines13090906","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Objectives</b>: Hepatitis E virus (HEV) infection is associated with severe hepatitis and high mortality rates, yet vaccination coverage remains suboptimal. Investigating public preferences for HEV vaccination is critical for developing targeted prevention strategies. This study employed a discrete choice experiment (DCE) to quantify attribute preferences and willingness-to-pay (WTP) for HEV vaccination among Chinese residents (in Shaanxi Province, for example), aiming to inform evidence-based immunization policy optimization. <b>Methods</b>: A cross-sectional survey recruited 3300 participants using stratified random sampling. The vaccine attributes-protective efficacy, duration of protection, and out-of-pocket cost-were identified using a systematic literature review and expert consultation. A comparative analysis of preference characteristics was conducted using conditional logit (Model 1) and mixed logit (Model 2) regression models. Population heterogeneity in vaccination preferences was further analyzed using the conditional logit framework, with marginal WTP estimated using parameter coefficients. <b>Results</b>: Among 3199 valid responses, duration of protection (Model 2: 10-years; <i>β</i> = 0.456, <i>p</i> < 0.001) and out-of-pocket cost (Model 2: 2000-3000 CNY; <i>β</i> = -0.179, <i>p</i> < 0.001) significantly influenced vaccination decisions. Preference heterogeneity was observed: women of childbearing age prioritized longer protection (10 years; <i>β</i> = 0.677, <i>p</i> < 0.001) and were sensitive to the cost of 1000-2000 CNY (<i>β</i> = 0.169, <i>p</i> = 0.011), while urban residents valued extended protection more than rural counterparts. <b>Conclusions</b>: Protection duration emerged as the primary determinant of HEV vaccination preference. Policy recommendations include implementing tiered pricing strategies and targeted health education campaigns emphasizing long-term protection benefits to enhance vaccine uptake and affordability.</p>","PeriodicalId":23634,"journal":{"name":"Vaccines","volume":"13 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2025-08-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12474183/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145178799","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Long COVID Syndrome Prevalence in 2025 in an Integral Healthcare Consortium in the Metropolitan Area of Barcelona: Persistent and Transient Symptoms.","authors":"Antonio Arévalo-Genicio, Mª Carmen García-Arqué, Marta Gragea-Nocete, Maria Llistosella, Vanessa Moro-Casasola, Cristina Pérez-Díaz, Anna Puigdellívol-Sánchez, Ramon Roca-Puig","doi":"10.3390/vaccines13090905","DOIUrl":"10.3390/vaccines13090905","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Long COVID can persist for years, but little is known about its prevalence in relation to the number of infections. This study examines the prevalence of long COVID in association with the number of infections and vaccination status.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We analyzed anonymized data on long COVID cases, thrombotic events and polypharmacy from March 2020, provided by the Data Analysis Control Department for the population assigned to the CST (192,651 at March 2025). Additionally, we analyzed responses to a long COVID symptom-specific survey distributed in March 2024 to individuals aged 18 to 75 years from the CST population diagnosed with COVID-19 as of December 2023 (<i>n</i> = 43,398; 3227 respondents). Symptomatic patients suspected of having long COVID underwent blood tests to exclude alternative diagnoses.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The overall detected prevalence of long COVID was 2.4‱, with higher frequency among women aged 30-59 years (<i>p</i> < 0.001). The survey, combined with specific blood tests, improved detection rates by 26.3%. Long COVID prevalence was 3-10 times higher in individuals with three or more infections than in those with only one recorded infection (based on survey/CST data, respectively). The absolute number of thrombotic events among individuals aged >60 doubled from 2020 to 2024, occurring in both vaccinated and unvaccinated individuals, as well as in those with or without prior documented COVID-19 infection, including in patients without chronic treatments.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>We found a link between SARS-CoV-2 reinfection and long COVID, and a post-pandemic rise in thrombotic events across all populations, regardless of vaccination or prior infection. Findings support continued COVID-19 diagnosis in suspected cases and mask use by healthcare workers treating respiratory patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":23634,"journal":{"name":"Vaccines","volume":"13 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2025-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12474489/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145178751","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Local Health Department COVID-19 Vaccination Efforts and Associated Outcomes: Evidence from Jefferson County, Kentucky.","authors":"Shaminul H Shakib, Seyed M Karimi, J Daniel McGeeney, Md Yasin Ali Parh, Hamid Zarei, Yuting Chen, Ben Goldman, Dana Novario, Michael Schurfranz, Ciara A Warren, Demetra Antimisiaris, Bert B Little, W Paul McKinney, Angela J Graham","doi":"10.3390/vaccines13090901","DOIUrl":"10.3390/vaccines13090901","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background</b>: While disparities in vaccine uptake have been well documented, few studies have evaluated the impact of local vaccine programs on COVID-19 outcomes, namely cases, hospitalizations, and deaths. <b>Objectives</b>: Evaluate the impact of COVID-19 vaccine doses coordinated by the Louisville Metro Department of Public Health and Wellness (LMPHW) on COVID-19 outcomes by race across ZIP codes from December 2020 to May 2022 in Jefferson County, Kentucky. <b>Methods</b>: Fixed-effects longitudinal models with ZIP codes as ecological time-series units were estimated to measure the association between COVID-19 vaccine doses and outcomes with time lags of one week, two weeks, three weeks, four weeks, and one month. Models were adjusted for time (week or month of the year) and its interaction with ZIP code. <b>Results</b>: In the one-week lag model, significant negative associations were observed between LMPHW-coordinated vaccine doses and COVID-19 outcomes, indicating reductions of 11.6 cases, 0.4 hospitalizations, and 0.3 deaths per 100 doses administered. Vaccine doses were consistently associated with fewer deaths among White residents across all lags, with an average reduction of 0.2 deaths per 100 doses. No significant associations were found for Black residents. Temporal trends also indicated declines in COVID-19 outcomes when LMPHW's vaccine administration program peaked, between March and May 2021. <b>Conclusions</b>: Timely uptake of COVID-19 vaccines remains critical in avoiding severe outcomes, especially with emerging variants. Racial disparities in vaccine-outcome associations emphasize the potential need for equitable, community-driven vaccine campaigns to improve population health outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":23634,"journal":{"name":"Vaccines","volume":"13 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2025-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12474317/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145179034","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Safety and Immunogenicity of Vaccines in Children with Kaposiform Hemangioendothelioma Receiving Sirolimus: A Prospective Study.","authors":"Junhong Yuan, Zhenxiang Yuan, Yingjing Ding, Zuopeng Wang, Wei Yao, Jingjing Li, Mei Zeng, Kai Li","doi":"10.3390/vaccines13090903","DOIUrl":"10.3390/vaccines13090903","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Sirolimus is an effective treatment for kaposiform hemangioendothelioma (KHE), a rare vascular tumor in children. However, its immunosuppressive properties raise concerns regarding the safety and efficacy of vaccinations during treatment. This study aims to evaluate the safety and immunogenicity of inactivated and live-attenuated vaccines administered to pediatric KHE patients undergoing sirolimus therapy.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a prospective study involving 56 KHE children receiving sirolimus who were vaccinated during treatment. Data on vaccine-related adverse events were collected to assess safety. Immunogenicity was evaluated by measuring seroconversion or protective antibody titers against vaccines, including Hepatitis B, DTaP, and MMR.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among 56 catch-up vaccinated children, no serious adverse events related to vaccination were observed. Mild local or systemic reactions occurred in a minority of patients. Serological analysis demonstrated that children with kaposiform hemangioendothelioma (KHE) receiving sirolimus therapy were able to generate and sustain robust protective antibody responses following vaccination. High seroconversion rates and antibody titers were observed for both inactivated vaccines (e.g., hepatitis B and DTaP) and live-attenuated vaccines (e.g., MMR). Protective antibody levels were maintained both within 3 months and beyond 6 months post-vaccination, indicating durable immunogenicity under sirolimus treatment.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Vaccination during sirolimus therapy appears to be safe and immunogenic in children with KHE. These findings support the administration of both inactivated and live-attenuated vaccines under appropriate clinical monitoring in this rare patient population.</p>","PeriodicalId":23634,"journal":{"name":"Vaccines","volume":"13 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2025-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12474110/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145178995","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"COVID-19 Vaccines: Tolerance of Vaccination in Patients with Allergies.","authors":"Natalie Kogseder, Viktoria Puxkandl, Wolfram Hötzenecker, Sabine Altrichter","doi":"10.3390/vaccines13090904","DOIUrl":"10.3390/vaccines13090904","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background</b>: Due to the new COVID-19 vaccine types used in the COVID-19 vaccination program, significant levels of uncertainty and vaccine hesitancy arose due to fears about anaphylactic reactions, especially in patients with allergies. This study aimed to analyze how patients with significant allergies receiving specific immunotherapy (SIT) reacted to COVID-19 vaccines in real life. <b>Methods</b>: We assessed 57 patient charts of individuals with allergies receiving SIT for documented allergies, for their comorbidities, total IgE and tryptase levels, and Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) scores. Questionnaires regarding COVID-19 vaccination status and reported adverse reactions were analyzed. <b>Results</b>: Patients were more frequently male (58%) and had a mean age of 43 years, and the majority (60%) had already experienced an anaphylactic reaction in the past, most commonly to the allergen of the current SIT. In total, 93% received COVID-19 vaccinations. More than half of the patients (57%) reported at least one adverse reaction after COVID-19 vaccination. Out of these patients, 97% reacted in an unspecific way, with symptoms of general illness. One potential allergic reaction, classified as a grade 1 anaphylactic reaction, was documented. The patient with the potential allergic reaction was significantly more concerned before receiving the vaccination and had experienced possible allergic reactions to other vaccinations in the past. The remaining patients with unspecific reactions after vaccination had also experienced such adverse reactions in the past to other vaccinations. Antihistamine premedication was associated with fewer unspecific reactions after COVID-19 vaccination. <b>Conclusions</b>: Vaccinations in patients with significant allergies and prior anaphylactic reactions are, overall, safe. Prior allergic reactions after other vaccinations could be a potential risk for reaction after COVID-19 vaccinations, whereas antihistamine intake could be beneficial in reducing side effects after COVID-19 vaccinations in patients with allergies. Prospective studies on this topic are needed.</p>","PeriodicalId":23634,"journal":{"name":"Vaccines","volume":"13 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2025-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12474330/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145178007","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}