Urology Annals最新文献

{"title":"Varicocelectomy outcomes among patients with azoospermia and severe oligasthenoteratozoospermia","authors":"A. Alkhayal, Sahar Aljumaiah, Ali Alyami, S. Abumelha, K. Alrabeeah","doi":"10.4103/ua.ua_24_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/ua.ua_24_23","url":null,"abstract":"Varicocele is a reversible cause of male infertility. However, there are conflicting data available concerning the benefit of varicocele repair for patients with nonobstructive azoospermia (NOA) and severe oligoasthenoteratozoospermia (OAT). To address the benefit of varicocelectomy in patients with severe OAT and NOA with regard to their semen parameters and surgical sperm retrieval rate in those who underwent testicular sperm extraction (TESE) or testicular sperm aspiration (TESA). This retrospective cohort study was conducted on a sample of 13 patients diagnosed with NOA and severe OAT who underwent varicocelectomy for infertility treatment with no prespecified exclusion criteria. Thirteen patients were enrolled. Five patients were diagnosed with NOA; eight were diagnosed with severe OAT. For improvements in the semen parameters postoperatively, the semen concentration of all patients was significantly increased compared to the preoperative concentration (3.59 ± 10.0.8 vs. 0.25 ± 0.31, P = 0.02) and the remaining parameters were unchanged. Regarding sperm retrieval, three patients underwent TESE and two patients underwent TESA, in which all had positive results. Varicocele repair was found to improve the semen parameters in patients with NOA and severe OAT and produced a successful surgical sperm retrieval rate in all patients who underwent TESA or TESE.","PeriodicalId":23633,"journal":{"name":"Urology Annals","volume":"AES-6 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139273382","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Techniques in minimally invasive transperitoneal pyeloplasty: A compilation","authors":"C. Mallikarjuna, S. Ghouse, Vijay Kumar Sarma Madduri, M. Bendigeri, B. Enganti, P. Reddy, Gopal Ramdas Tak","doi":"10.4103/ua.ua_38_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/ua.ua_38_23","url":null,"abstract":"Minimally invasive management (laparoscopic/robot assisted) is currently the standard of care for managing pelvi ureteric junction obstruction (PUJO). Open techniques of management of PUJO are well described in literature. However, there appears to be relative lack of description of minimally invasive techniques in the literature. This article is aimed at describing in detail, with images, the various techniques and modifications in laparoscopic or robot-assisted management of PUJO. A review of literature on PubMed was performed and all articles which detailed any technique of minimally invasive pyeloplasty were included. The various techniques of minimally invasive pyeloplasty as well as the authors’ techniques are compiled and described in detail with intraoperative images. Operative techniques of minimally invasive pyeloplasty are not well described in literature. We have attempted to present a comprehensive resource of different techniques of minimally invasive pyeloplasty and the clinical scenarios in which they may be appropriate. This should prove to be a useful reference to the practicing urologist. In this paper, we have compiled the various surgical techniques of treating obstruction at the PUJ of the kidney along with intraoperative photograph.","PeriodicalId":23633,"journal":{"name":"Urology Annals","volume":"60 sp1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139275026","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hematuria: Is it useful in predicting renal or ureteral stones in patient presenting to emergency department with flank pain?","authors":"Mansour Alnazari, A. Bakhsh, H. Shaqroon, Emad S. Rajih, Nizar Abdulaziz Al-Nakshabandi, Danny M. Rabah","doi":"10.4103/ua.ua_66_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/ua.ua_66_23","url":null,"abstract":"The objective of the study was to evaluate hematuria as a diagnostic test for renal and ureteral stones compared with a noncontrast-enhanced computed tomography (CT) scan (gold standard test) in emergency room patients with acute flank pain. In total, 604 patients treated in our emergency department from 2006 to 2011, with a history of flank pain and suspected urolithiasis were included in a retrospective review. All patients were evaluated with a noncontrast-enhanced CT scan and urine analysis. Using the noncontrast CT scan as the gold standard for the evaluation of the presence, number, size, and site (renal or ureteral [upper, middle, and lower]) of the stones, we calculated the sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative predictive values of hematuria for diagnosing both renal and ureteral stones. Urolithiasis was diagnosed in 388 patients (64%) and 216 patients (36%) had no stones on a noncontrast-enhanced CT scan. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value for microhematuria were 77%, 33%, 67%, and 45%, respectively. Microhematuria was more common in patients with ureteral stones only (139 patients) and had a sensitivity of 85% compared to patients with renal stones only (32 patients), with a sensitivity of 55% (P < 0.001). There were no significant differences in the specificity or positive or negative predictive values. Although microhematuria is more sensitive to ureteral stones, the absence of microhematuria does not exclude the possibility of urolithiasis and a noncontrast-enhanced CT scan should be the gold standard diagnostic tool.","PeriodicalId":23633,"journal":{"name":"Urology Annals","volume":"181 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139273162","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Use of artificial stones in training and laboratory studies, have we found the right material? Outcomes of a systematic review from the European School of Urology","authors":"P. Kallidonis, A. Peteinaris, Domenico Veneziano, Amelia Pietropaolo, K. Pagonis, C. Adamou, A. Vagionis, A. Al-Aown, E. Liatsikos, B. Somani","doi":"10.4103/ua.ua_112_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/ua.ua_112_22","url":null,"abstract":"In this review, we investigated the current literature to find out which artificial stones (AS) are available in endourology, and in which experimental and training schemes they are used. A systematic review was performed according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses statement. Twenty-one out of 346 studies met our inclusion criteria and are presented in the current review. The inclusion criteria were the existence of AS and their use for laboratory and training studies. There is a wide variety of materials used for the creation of AS. BegoStone powder (BEGO USA, Lincoln, Rhode Island) and plaster of Paris™ were used in most of the studies. In addition, Ultracal-30 (U. S. Gypsum, Chicago, IL) was also used. Other materials that were used as phantoms were AS created from plaster (Limbs and Things, UK), standardized artificial polygonal stone material (Chaton 1028, PP13, Jet 280; Swarovski), model stones consisting of spheres of activated aluminum (BASF SE, Ludwigshafen am Rhein, Deutschland), Orthoprint (Zhermack, Badia Polesine, Italy), and a combination of plaster of Paris, Portland cement, and Velmix (calcium sulfate powder). Many experimental settings have been conducted with the use of AS. Our research demonstrated nine studies regarding testing and comparison of holmium: yttrium–aluminum–garnet laser devices, techniques, and settings. Six studies were about extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy testing and settings. Three experiments looked into treatment with percutaneous nephrolithotomy. Additionally, one study each investigated imaging perioperatively for endourological interventions, stone bacterial burden, and obstructive uropathy. AS have been used in a plethora of laboratory experimental studies. Independent of their similarity to real urinary tract stones, they present a tremendous potential for testing and training for endourological interventions.","PeriodicalId":23633,"journal":{"name":"Urology Annals","volume":"77 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139270995","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Techniques of staged laparoscopic orchidopexy for high intra-abdominal testes in children: A systematic review and meta-analysis","authors":"N. Borkar, Charu Tiwari, Debajyoti Mohanty, Deepti Vepakomma, Nilesh Nagdeve","doi":"10.4103/ua.ua_11_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/ua.ua_11_23","url":null,"abstract":"Laparoscopic exploration is currently considered the gold standard for managing nonpalpable intraabdominal testes. The problem of short vascular pedicle is addressed in Fowler-Stephen (FS) technique by the division of testicular vessels and in Shehata technique (ST) by traction on testicular vessels. There is a lack of the consensus among pediatric surgeons on the choice of one technique over other. This analysis compares the reported outcomes of staged laparoscopic orchidopexy by ST with the time tested FS technique in managing high intraabdominal undescended testis. The present systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted as per the preferred reporting items for the systematic review and meta-analyses guidelines. Only randomized controlled trials and comparative studies were included. The primary outcomes compared were the incidence of testicular atrophy, testicular retraction/ascent rate, and operative time of Stage I and Stage II orchidopexy. The present analysis was based on three randomized studies with a total of 119 undescended testes in 117 patients satisfying the inclusion criteria. The operative time was less in Stage I FS technique; however, there was no statistically significant difference in operative time of both procedures during the Stage II laparoscopic orchidopexy. Pooled analysis of postintervention testicular atrophy, testicular retraction rate, and duration of postoperative hospitalization showed no difference between both procedures. Both FS and STs are comparable in terms of postintervention testicular atrophy, testicular retraction/ascent; however, the mean operative time is significantly less with FS technique in Stage I laparoscopic orchidopexy.","PeriodicalId":23633,"journal":{"name":"Urology Annals","volume":"21 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139270914","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Day of surgery admission in urology: Patient criteria and the organization required for same-day admission in urology: A retrospective study.","authors":"Hamed Ambusaidi, Muaath Khaled Alshuaibi, Alexandre Colau, Inès Dominique, Martin Mouton, Philippe Sebe","doi":"10.4103/ua.ua_148_22","DOIUrl":"10.4103/ua.ua_148_22","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The day of surgery admission (DOSA) has been practiced in surgery for decades, with reports dating as far back as 1909. DOSA policy has potential benefits for the health system and the patient, especially when there is a shortage of health-care resources.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aims to compare DOSA and standard prior admission (D-1) among patients who underwent major urological operations.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This retrospective study enrolled a total of 206 patients who did not meet the criteria for day care surgery admission. The patients were divided into two groups: those admitted on the same day of surgery and those admitted the day before surgery. Among the participants, 111 (53.8%) were admitted on the same day, while 95 (46.2%) were admitted the day before surgery. We collected data from the electronic health records of these patients, documenting various variables, including patient demographics, type of surgery, admission type and date, intervention date, length of stay, complications, Clavien-Dindo score, and American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) score.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We included a total of 206 patients who were admitted for operations in the urology department. The mean age was 70.5 years, and the majority was males (83.5%). Endoscopic procedures were the most common interventions (68%). The most ASA score for the enrolled patients was 2 (56.2%). DOSA was done for 53.8% of the patients, whereas the remaining patients were admitted 1 day before elective surgery. DOSA patients were significantly younger (<i>P</i> = 0.025), had a higher proportion of ASA score 1 (12.7%) and ASA score 3 (26.4%), had significantly fewer postoperative complications (<i>P</i> = 0.002), and had statistically significantly a shorter length of stay (<i>P</i> < 0.001) compared to D-1 admission patients.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In our study, DOSA patients were younger, had a lower prevalence of comorbidities, utilized anticoagulants less frequently, experienced fewer complications, and had significantly shorter hospital stays. Since the DOSA policy is safe and has a lower financial and economic burden on the health-care system, we recommend more urological and surgical centers to implement it.</p>","PeriodicalId":23633,"journal":{"name":"Urology Annals","volume":"1 1","pages":"368-372"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10699181/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41353797","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Radiofrequency-assisted, laparoscopic, clampless partial nephrectomy in patients with low-complexity small renal tumors: A retrospective cohort study.","authors":"Ioannis Zachos,&nbsp;Panagiotis Vlachostergios,&nbsp;Lampros Mitrakas,&nbsp;Anastasios Karatzas,&nbsp;Athanasios Oeconomou,&nbsp;Charalampos Mamoulakis,&nbsp;Vasileios Tzortzis","doi":"10.4103/ua.ua_20_23","DOIUrl":"10.4103/ua.ua_20_23","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>This single-center, retrospective study was performed to investigate the safety and efficacy of radiofrequency-assisted (RF), laparoscopic partial nephrectomy (PN) with zero ischemia in patients with low-complexity small renal tumors.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Patients with small renal masses (SRMs) who underwent laparoscopic, clampless laparoscopic partial nephrectomy - radiofrequency assisted (LPN-RFA) between January 2016 and June 2020 were studied. Demographics, clinical and pathological characteristics, recurrence-free survival, and overall survival were recorded.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Fifty-two SRMs were excised from corresponding patients using RFA-LPN. The median tumor size was 2.5 cm and all specimens involved low-complexity masses according to the renal nephrometry score. No conversions to radical nephrectomy were recorded. Postoperatively, there were one patient with fever, one with hematuria, and two with urinary leakage treated endoscopically. The majority of tumors (48/52, 86.2%) were clear-cell carcinomas. According to the glomerular filtration rate postoperatively and 12 months' posttreatment, adequate renal function was preserved in all patients. There were no positive surgical margins identified postoperatively and no recurrences during a median follow-up 24 months. All patients were alive at the last follow-up.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study suggests that RFA laparoscopic clampless PN represents an effective method for managing patients with low-complexity SRMs. It offers adequate intraoperative safety and excellent mid-term oncological control and functional preservation.</p>","PeriodicalId":23633,"journal":{"name":"Urology Annals","volume":"15 3","pages":"315-319"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/88/aa/UA-15-315.PMC10471811.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10153735","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Small-cell neuroendocrine tumor of the bladder: Unexpected long-term survival with carboplatin-etoposide therapy in a patient with metastatic stage disease.","authors":"Eduardo J García Rico,&nbsp;Luis Enrique Ortega Polledo,&nbsp;Alejandro Sánchez Pellejero,&nbsp;Sonia Vázquez Valdés,&nbsp;Isabel Montuenga Fernandez","doi":"10.4103/ua.ua_106_22","DOIUrl":"10.4103/ua.ua_106_22","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Neuroendocrine small-cell bladder cancer is an extremely rare and aggressive entity, it constitutes <1% of all bladder malignancies. The small-cell neuroendocrine histological variant has a worse prognosis than the classical subtypes. A case of a 53-year-old female consulting with gross hematuria is presented. Cystoscopy revealed a solid aspect lesion involving the posterior wall and dome that was resected. Histopathological findings showed small-cell pure variant carcinoma, high grade, with lymph, vascular, and perineural infiltration, infiltrating the muscle layer. The extension study made by hole body computed tomography scan, showed evidence of multiple lymph nodes and multiple visceral radiological involvements, with pulmonary, hepatic, and peritoneal implants. More than 10 years later, after receiving nine cycles of carboplatin-etoposide remains in complete remission and without radiological evidence of the disease. This is, to our knowledge, one of the longest disease-free survival cases in metastatic small-cell bladder cancer published nowadays.</p>","PeriodicalId":23633,"journal":{"name":"Urology Annals","volume":"15 3","pages":"331-333"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/06/ea/UA-15-331.PMC10471807.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10153741","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Neurofibroma of the external genitalia, extreme enlargement of the clitoris.","authors":"Razan Almesned,&nbsp;Mohamed Alhagbani,&nbsp;Mohammed Sultan,&nbsp;Mohammed Alshayie,&nbsp;Naif Alqarni,&nbsp;Ahmed Alshammari","doi":"10.4103/ua.ua_86_22","DOIUrl":"10.4103/ua.ua_86_22","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Neurofibromatosis of the genitourinary tract is rare, with a prevalence of 0.65%, and it is exceedingly rare to involve the external genitalia. Involvement of the clitoris, labia majora, and prepuce was reported with clitoromegaly being the most frequently occurring. Herein, we are reporting the case of a 6-year-old girl who was diagnosed with a neurofibroma of the clitoris; measuring 9.4 cm in its largest dimension. To the best of our knowledge, this is the largest clitoral neurofibroma reported in the literature. Due to the rarity of such cases and reports limitations in the literature, the diagnosis of neurofibroma of the external genitalia requires a high index of suspicion by health-care providers. Surgical excision and postoperative follow-up for possible recurrence remain the gold standard of management.</p>","PeriodicalId":23633,"journal":{"name":"Urology Annals","volume":"15 3","pages":"328-330"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/c4/42/UA-15-328.PMC10471813.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10155284","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficacy of varicocelectomy on semen parameters and conception rates.","authors":"Salahadin H Lamy,&nbsp;Abdullah K Mohammedkhalil,&nbsp;Hashim M Bafaqeeh,&nbsp;Shatha A Alsuwaida,&nbsp;Adel S Khan Alhindi,&nbsp;Sara A Maqboli,&nbsp;Muhammad A Khan","doi":"10.4103/ua.ua_49_22","DOIUrl":"10.4103/ua.ua_49_22","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Varicocele, the dilation of the pampiniform plexus of the spermatic cord. It is discovered incidentally in most patients. Symptoms vary, but its impact is especially experienced in the field of fertility and reflected in semen parameters. Varicocelectomy is a surgical approach to correct the varicocele, however, reports are conflicting regarding its success. Our aim was to evaluate the efficacy of varicocelectomy on semen parameters and conception rates in patients who underwent surgery and its association with comorbidities such as diabetes, hypertension, and obesity.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>This cross-sectional study included the complete medical records of 86 patients. Data collection form included the patient's age, body mass index (BMI), chronic diseases, smoking, surgical history, medication usage, and the reason for performing surgery. Presurgical and postsurgical semen parameters were evaluated 3 months before surgery and an average of 6 months postoperatively. Data were analyzed with SPSS, Chi-square test, and independent and paired <i>t</i>-test.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>No significant difference was found between primary and secondary infertility regarding semen analysis, postoperative semen analysis indicated an improvement in semen motility at 180 min with no effect on other parameters. Using spontaneous intercourse or <i>in vitro</i> fertilization (IVF) after varicocelectomy was significantly associated with increasing conception rates irrespective of the type of infertility. Diabetes, hypertension, BMI, and smoking did not appear to affect semen parameters.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Patients who underwent varicocelectomy had improved sperm motility at 180 min and subsequently had a higher chance of successful conception either through spontaneous intercourse or IVF. Further studies are needed to understand the relationship between conception and sperm motility. Semen parameters were not affected if the patient had comorbidities such as diabetes and hypertension. Furthermore, smoking and BMI did not appear to affect the conception rate.</p>","PeriodicalId":23633,"journal":{"name":"Urology Annals","volume":"15 3","pages":"256-260"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/53/77/UA-15-256.PMC10471810.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10155738","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}