Water SA最新文献

{"title":"Performance and Mechanism of In Situ Prepared NF@CoMnNi-LDH Composites to Activate PMS for Degradation of Enrofloxacin in Water","authors":"Yiqiong Yang, Yubin Zhang, Xuyang Gao, Zitong Yang, Haozhou Wang, Xiaodong Zhang","doi":"10.3390/w17010024","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/w17010024","url":null,"abstract":"To overcome the disadvantage of difficult recovery of powder catalysts and improve catalyst utilization, the selection of foam metal substrates as supports can reduce the difficulty of material recovery and effectively inhibit the leaching of metal ions. Herein, CoMnNi-layered double hydroxide (LDH) derived from Co-Mn ZIF was immobilized onto nickel foam (NF) through in situ synthesis. The results of XRD and SEM analyses of the samples indicated that the LDH was successfully grown on the nickel foam matrix, and the material could maintain its original morphology to the maximum extent after loading. By comparing the XPS of the material before and after the reaction, it was confirmed that the surface hydroxyl group and C=O of the material were involved in the activation of peroxymonosulfate (PMS). The results of the quenching reaction showed that SO4•− and 1O2 are the main active substances in the oxidation of enrofloxacin (ENR). When the dosage of NF@CoMnNi-LDH was 0.4 g/L, the pH of the solution was 6.82, and when the dosage of PMS was 2.0 mM, the degradation rate of ENR reached 82.6% within 30 min. This research offers novel insights into the degradation of antibiotics from water using a monolithic catalyst supported by metal foam.","PeriodicalId":23623,"journal":{"name":"Water SA","volume":"17 1","pages":"24-24"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4441/17/1/24/pdf?version=1735200729","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147922132","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of Underwater Lighting Time on the Growth of Vallisneria spinulosa Yan and Its Water Restoration Process","authors":"Mengyi Wei, Jinshan Zhao, Xiaolin Zhou, Fei Li, Min Zhao, Xiangyong Zheng, Ye Tang, Chang Yang, Zhenmin Jin, Suqing Wu","doi":"10.3390/w16243697","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/w16243697","url":null,"abstract":"Submerged macrophytes play a crucial role in the ecological restoration of water bodies, and their restoration capacity is closely related to the underwater lighting conditions. This study explored the effects of underwater lighting time on the growth characteristics of Vallisneria spinulosa Yan (V. spinulosa) and its water restoration process. V. spinulosa achieved a higher Fv/Fm (0.64), ETRmax (10.43), chlorophyll content (0.85 mg/g), and removal efficiency of total phosphorus (0.37 × 10−3 g m−3 d−1) and a lower algal abundance with a longer lighting time (18 h every day). However, a higher removal efficiency of NH4+–N and TN was obtained with a shorter lighting time (6–12 h every day). The lighting time showed a significance influence on the microbial community of the V. spinulosa growth system, and the influence was significantly different in different regions. Temperature and electrical conductivity were the main environmental impact factors for the microbial community under different lighting times. The abundances of Proteobacteria, Bacteroidota, and Verrucomicrobia exhibited a great positive correlation with each other and a strong positive correlation with the two factors. In addition, the lighting time had a strongly significant correlation with the physical and chemical characteristics of the water environment (p < 0.001) and a significant correlation with the growth characteristics of V. spinulosa (p < 0.05).","PeriodicalId":23623,"journal":{"name":"Water SA","volume":"16 24","pages":"3697-3697"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4441/16/24/3697/pdf?version=1734777604","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147910281","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Carbon-Doped Hexagonal Boron Nitride as a Catalyst for Efficient Degradation via Non-Radical Pathway","authors":"Yuchen Geng, Jie Zhang, Jiayan Han, Jing Ren, Yu Zheng, Huazhang Zhao, Jianfeng Li","doi":"10.3390/w16243667","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/w16243667","url":null,"abstract":"The escalating challenge of high-salinity organic wastewater has prompted the development of persulfate-based advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) for the effective degradation of pollutants. This study presents the synthesis and application of a carbon-doped hexagonal boron nitride (C-hBN) catalyst, which is designed to activate peroxymonosulfate (PMS) efficiently under high-salinity conditions. The C-hBN catalyst is prepared through a two-step process using dopamine as the carbon source, resulting in a uniform doping of carbon and the formation of B-N-C bonds. The catalyst exhibits a significantly enhanced specific surface area and superior catalytic performance towards phenol degradation, with a rate constant of 0.74 min−1. Under high-salinity conditions, the C-hBN catalyst demonstrates robust resilience against common ions, maintaining high catalytic activity. The degradation process is primarily driven by a non-radical pathway, with singlet oxygen (1O2) identified as the key reactive species. This work provides valuable insights into the development of metal-free catalysts for environmental remediation and offers a promising strategy for the treatment of organic pollutants in high-salinity wastewater.","PeriodicalId":23623,"journal":{"name":"Water SA","volume":"16 24","pages":"3667-3667"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4441/16/24/3667/pdf?version=1734618716","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147882381","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhancing Efficiency and Selectivity of Nitrate Reduction Toward Nitrogen Gas in an Open-Air UV/Fe(III)–Oxalate System","authors":"Jialin Chen, Yi Min Xie, Jun Xia, Xiaolin Zhang, Dong Chen","doi":"10.3390/w16243658","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/w16243658","url":null,"abstract":"An advanced photochemical reduction system involving the UV/Fe(III)–oxalate system was developed for the reduction of nitrate (NO3−) to harmless N-gaseous species, primarily nitrogen (N2), by carbon dioxide radical (·CO2−) generated in the presence of dissolved oxygen (DO). Electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) analyses confirmed the presence of both ·CO2− and ·OH radicals. Systematic investigations were conducted on various operational parameters, such as the initial Fe(III) concentration, oxalate concentration, and pH levels, to assess their impacts on the efficiency and products of NO3− reduction. Notably, solution pH played a significant role in influencing the NO3− reduction efficiency and the final products. At pH 2, approximately 75% of NO3− was converted into N2 with an 80% selectivity. In the pH range of 3 to 5, a remarkable NO3− removal rate of about 90% was achieved. Furthermore, higher concentrations of Fe(III) (2 mM) and oxalate (10 mM) were found to enhance NO3− removal to 91.95% and 88.71%, respectively. The presence of DO increased the oxidative potential in the reaction system, subsequently enhancing the selectivity conversion of NO3− to N2. In summary, the UV/Fe(III)–oxalate system exhibits significant potential for effective removal of NO3− while achieving high selectivity for the production of N2 in water remediation applications.","PeriodicalId":23623,"journal":{"name":"Water SA","volume":"16 24","pages":"3658-3658"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4441/16/24/3658/pdf?version=1734591428","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147892585","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Electrochemical Oxidation of Reverse Osmosis Concentrates from Landfill Leachate Treatment Using Ti4O7-Nanotube Reactive Electrochemical Membrane","authors":"Qiujie Qian, Pingzhong Xiao, Ting Du, Demin Xu, Chuanshuo Guo, Yue Guan, M. Yan, Feihong Wang, Yonghao Zhang, Yan Li","doi":"10.3390/w16243579","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/w16243579","url":null,"abstract":"With the growing demand for high-quality discharge, reverse osmosis (RO) technology has been widely applied in landfill leachate treatment; however, the problem of reverse osmosis concentrates (ROCs) has worsened. In this work, a Ti4O7-nanotube reactive electrochemical membrane (Ti4O7-NT-REM) was employed to treat ROCs from landfill leachate treatment. The effects of current density, flow rate and pH on COD removal were evaluated, and the appropriate conditions were a current density of 20 mA cm−2, a flow rate of 10 mL s−1 and a pH of 7. Under these conditions, COD, TOC, NH4+-N and NO3−-N were removed by 82%, 68%, 100% and 73%, respectively. In addition, the 3D-EEM fluorescence spectra and GC–MS results revealed that the organics significantly decreased after 120 min of treatment, and aliphatic compounds were the major organic compounds. The stable performance of the REM was illustrated by cyclic treatment (20 cycles) with the assistance of cathodic polarization. In addition, a long service lifetime of 267.3 h and a low energy consumption of 7.6 kWh·kg COD−1 were obtained by related testing and evaluation. The excellent and stable performance confirmed that the Ti4O7-NT-REM has broad application prospects in the treatment of ROCs.","PeriodicalId":23623,"journal":{"name":"Water SA","volume":"16 24","pages":"3579-3579"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4441/16/24/3579/pdf?version=1734000442","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147906476","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Morphological Characteristics and Annual Population Dynamics of Microcystis (Cyanobacteria) in Nanwan Reservoir (Xinyang, China)","authors":"Yuan Tian, Chenxi Ju, Kunjie Wu, Xin Liu, Haojun Zhang, Jiabao Guan, Yilin Ge, Liangjie Zhao, Chaoqun Su, Tiezhu Yang, Yuanye Ma","doi":"10.3390/w16243569","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/w16243569","url":null,"abstract":"Microcystis, a key genus of bloom-forming cyanobacteria in freshwater ecosystems, has garnered significant research interest due to its species diversity and population dynamics. This study investigated the water profiles and Microcystis populations at six stations in the Nanwan Reservoir (Xinyang, China) throughout 2022 to elucidate the morphological characteristics of Microcystis, analyze its population density patterns, and identify key environmental factors influencing its dynamics. The reservoir was classified as mesotrophic during most of the study period. Seven common Microcystis species were identified, including M. botrys, M. smithii, M. wesenbergii, M. firma, M. novacekii, M. aeruginosa, and a species suspected to be M. flos-aquae. The spatial and temporal distribution analyses revealed a bimodal fluctuation in Microcystis densities, with a monthly occurrence across stations except in August. The highest density, 1.71 × 107 cells/L, was recorded in May, while the lower densities were observed from July to September. The Mantel test results indicated that the nitrogen levels, particularly NO3−-N, were the primary factors influencing the Microcystis density. Additionally, both the reservoir bays and dam areas exhibited a high risk of Microcystis blooms. Effective management of nitrogen inputs, enhanced monitoring, and appropriate gate operations are recommended to mitigate the risk of Microcystis blooms in the Nanwan Reservoir.","PeriodicalId":23623,"journal":{"name":"Water SA","volume":"16 24","pages":"3569-3569"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4441/16/24/3569/pdf?version=1733930773","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147879513","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of UV/PAA and VUV/PAA Processes for Eliminating Diethyl Phthalate in Water","authors":"Feilong Dong, Jiayi Cheng, Yifeng Cheng, Xiaoyan Ma","doi":"10.3390/w16233533","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/w16233533","url":null,"abstract":"Diethyl phthalate (DEP) is a commonly utilized plasticizer that has gained significant attention due to its widespread occurrence in the environment and its harmful impact on human health. The primary objective of this study was to evaluate and compare several (ultraviolet) UV-(peracetic acid) PAA advanced oxidation processes based on hydroxyl radicals to degrade DEP. The effect of UV-LEDs incorporating PAA at different UV ranges (UV-A, λ = 365 nm; UV-C, λ = 254 nm and VUV, λ = 254 nm) was evaluated. The results demonstrated that DEP was successfully degraded in both the UVC/PAA (removal rate 98.28%) and VUV/PAA (removal rate 97.72%) processes compared to the UVA/PAA process (removal rate of 2.71%). The competitive method evaluated the contribution of R-O•, which were 24.08% and 33.92% in UVC/PAA and VUV/PAA processes, respectively. We also evaluated the effects of peroxymonosulfate (PMS) dosages, UV irradiation, pH and anion coexistence on the removal of DEP. In the UVC/PAA system, DEP degradation was particularly effective (removal rate about 95.52%) over a wider pH range (3–9). As the concentration of HCO3− ions increased, there may have been some inhibition of DEP removal. The inhibitory effect of HA and Cl− ions on DEP removal were negligible. Analysis of the intermediates revealed that DEP degradation primarily occurred via two pathways: hydrolysis and hydroxylation reactions. This study presents a potential mnethod for the removal of phthalates and offers some guidance for the selection of appropriate disinfection technologies in drinking water treatment.","PeriodicalId":23623,"journal":{"name":"Water SA","volume":"16 23","pages":"3533-3533"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4441/16/23/3533/pdf?version=1733647887","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147881001","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Embryotoxicity of Diafenthiuron to Zebrafish (Danio rerio) After Advanced Oxidation Treatment","authors":"Menglan Su, Rongkai Bao, Bo Gao, Xiaobin Liao, Peng Xiao, Wenhua Li","doi":"10.3390/w16233478","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/w16233478","url":null,"abstract":"Diafenthiuron is a novel derivative of thiourea and is highly toxic to non-target organisms, necessitating its efficient removal from wastewater before discharge. This study compared diafenthiuron removal efficiencies at a target concentration of 1 µM using three methods: a 4 mg/L ozone (O3) treatment; an ultraviolet (UV) light treatment, applying UV254 radiation with a fluence of 60 mJ/cm2 for 10 min; and a combined O3/UV treatment utilizing ozone and ultraviolet light. An acute toxicity assessment was conducted using a modeled zebrafish embryo (Danio rerio). The diafenthiuron removal efficiencies were 49.59%, 54.51%, and 68.90% for the UV light, O3, and O3/UV treatments, respectively. The treatments showed additional benefits of exerting no negative impacts on the survival rate, heart rate, or body length of the zebrafish larvae posttreatment. The survival and heart rates at 120 hpf, as well as the body length at 96 and 120 hpf, showed significant differences between the advanced oxidation and 1 μM diafenthiuron treatment groups. However, these parameters remained consistent with those of the control group. The three treatments alleviated the spatiotemporal downregulation of the liver-specific marker fabp10a caused by diafenthiuron exposure. The UV light and O3/UV treatments were efficient at degrading diafenthiuron, causing decreased reactive oxygen species levels and increased pomc and prl expression levels. The O3-treated diafenthiuron and 1 μM diafenthiuron treatments increased the reactive oxygen species levels and decreased the pomc and prl expression levels. The combined O3/UV treatment showed the highest removal efficiency and the least toxicity, making it the most effective method for diafenthiuron degradation. This study provides valuable insights into the treatment of diafenthiuron-laden wastewater.","PeriodicalId":23623,"journal":{"name":"Water SA","volume":"16 23","pages":"3478-3478"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4441/16/23/3478/pdf?version=1733217662","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147898307","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhancement of Trihalomethane Adsorption Capacity Using Chitosan-Modified Coconut Shell Activated Carbon: Adsorption Characteristics and Mechanisms","authors":"Saber A. S. Ahmed, Hongyan Zhai, Soon‐Thiam Khu","doi":"10.3390/w16223304","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/w16223304","url":null,"abstract":"There is a rising concern about the safety risk that trihalomethanes (THMs) in drinking water pose. In this work, to adsorb THMs such as chloroform (TCM), dibromochloromethane (DBCM), bromodichloromethane (BDCM), and bromoform (TBM), we coated chitosan (CS) on coconut shell activated carbon (CAC). The adsorbents were characterized using BET, XRD, FTIR, and SEM techniques. The impact of various variables was examined, including contact time, quantity of adsorbent, initial pH, and initial THM concentrations. Under the same conditions, TCM was adsorbed most efficiently, followed by BDCM, DBCM, and TBM. When the pH was between 4 and 8, the adsorption of THMs onto the coconut shell activated carbon supported chitosan (CS/CAC) varied relatively little; however, when the pH increased above 8, the adsorption of THMs decreased. For THMs, CS/CAC adsorption was a chemical reaction and monolayer adsorption that fit better with the pseudo-second-order kinetic model and the Langmuir isotherm model. According to the thermodynamic study, THMs were adsorbed endothermically and spontaneously on CS/CAC. For column experiments, the adsorption of THMs was influenced by bed height and flow rate. After up to four cycles of adsorption and desorption, it was found that the adsorbent was reusable. The maximum adsorption capacities for Langmuir were 187.27, 114.29, 93.28, and 89.61 µg/g for TCM, BDCM, DBCM, and TBM, respectively. CS/CAC has a high adsorption capacity, especially for TCM, which is responsible for a major portion of THMs in drinking water. This indicates that CS/CAC has a lot of potential uses when it comes to removing THMs from water.","PeriodicalId":23623,"journal":{"name":"Water SA","volume":"16 22","pages":"3304-3304"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4441/16/22/3304/pdf?version=1731901862","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147920783","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Insights into the Acute Stress of Glutaraldehyde Disinfectant on Short-Term Wet Anaerobic Digestion System of Pig Manure: Dose Response, Performance Variation, and Microbial Community Structure","authors":"Yongming Wu, Fangfei Li, Liuxing Wu, Shifu He, Peiyu Liang, Lei Zhang, Zhijian Wu, Tao Zhang, Yajun Liu, Xiangmin Liu, Xueping Huang, Lin Zhu, Maolin Wang, Mi Deng","doi":"10.3390/w16223279","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/w16223279","url":null,"abstract":"The outbreak of epidemics such as African swine fever has intensified the use of disinfectants in pig farms, resulting in an increasing residual concentration of disinfectants in environmental media; however, the high-frequency excessive use of disinfectants that damage pig farm manure anaerobic fermentation systems and their mechanisms has not attracted enough attention. Especially, the complex effects of residual disinfectants on anaerobic fermentation systems for pig manure remain poorly understood, thus impeding the application of disinfectants in practical anaerobic fermentation systems. Herein, we explored the effects of glutaraldehyde disinfectant on methane production, effluent physicochemical indices, and microbial communities in a fully automated methanogenic potential test system (AMPTSII). The results show that adding glutaraldehyde led to remarkable alterations in methane production, chemical oxygen demand (COD), volatile solids (VS), and polysaccharide and phosphorus concentrations. During the anaerobic process, the production of methane displayed a notable decrease of 5.0–98% in all glutaraldehyde treatments, and the trend was especially apparent for treatments containing high levels of glutaraldehyde. Comparisons of the effluent quality showed that in the presence of 0.002–0.04% glutaraldehyde, the COD and total phosphorus (TP) increased by 12–310% and 15–27%, respectively. Moreover, the addition of 0.01–0.08% glutaraldehyde decreased the ammonium (NH4+-N) concentration and VS degradation rate by 7.7–15% and 4.9–26.2%. Furthermore, microbiological analysis showed that the glutaraldehyde treatments had adverse effects on the microbial community. Notably, certain functional bacteria were restrained, as highlighted by the decreases in relative abundance and microbial diversity by 1.3–17% and 0.06–21%, respectively. This study provides a theoretical basis for the rational use of disinfectants in anaerobic fermentation systems.","PeriodicalId":23623,"journal":{"name":"Water SA","volume":"16 22","pages":"3279-3279"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4441/16/22/3279/pdf?version=1731652023","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147922424","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}