Water Environment Research最新文献

{"title":"Crop water demand estimation and irrigation scheduling for sustainable water management and crop planning in selected watersheds of Meghalaya, India.","authors":"Ricky Ronghang, Ghanshyam Tikaram Patle, Ajay Kumar Vashisht, Bharat Chandra Kusre, Deepak Jhajharia, Mukesh Kumar","doi":"10.1002/wer.70038","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/wer.70038","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Understanding crop water requirements is critical for irrigation scheduling and cropping pattern decisions in any environment. Using the CROPWAT model, a study was conducted to estimate the irrigation requirement of major crops cultivated in the humid subtropical climate of Meghalaya from 2001 to 2022 and preparing irrigation scheduling plan for the current scenario. The results showed that the annual ET₀ from 2001 to 2022 at the selected station was 876.7 mm. The lowest monthly ET₀ (46.8 mm) was observed in December and the highest (94 mm) was observed in March. The results also indicated that the seasonal minimum and maximum CWR for rice, maize, ginger, mustard, and potato were 462.5 and 652.2 mm, 314.6 and 455.8 mm, 673.3 and 922.9 mm, 199.8 and 413.4 mm, and 341.5 and 465.3 mm, respectively. The minimum and maximum IR for rice, maize, ginger, mustard, and potato were 152.9 and 378.8 mm, 0 and 30.2 mm, 60.1 and 255.7 mm, 0 and 193 mm, and 0 and 170.8 mm, respectively. The net irrigation requirement (NIR) and gross irrigation requirement (GIR) were calculated using the scheduling option and 70% efficiency for the preparation of the irrigation schedule. For rice (transplant), the effective rainfall partially met its water needs, requiring supplemental irrigation. Maize, Cotton, and Jute relied entirely on effective rainfall, eliminating the need for irrigation. Ginger and Mustard needed both effective rainfall and additional irrigation. These findings delivered a comprehensive understanding of the location-specific water variations for crops in Meghalaya, vital for sustainable water resource management. PRACTITIONER POINTS: CWR are critical for irrigation scheduling and cropping pattern decisions. FAO CROPWAT model was used for crop planning and irrigation scheduling. The net irrigation requirement and gross irrigation requirement for hilly watershed Comprehensive understanding of the location-specific water variations for crops The irrigation needs vary among different crops based on efficiency % and depletion %.</p>","PeriodicalId":23621,"journal":{"name":"Water Environment Research","volume":"97 2","pages":"e70038"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143400328","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Wetlands as a solution to water browning: A 3-year efficiency assessment of outdoor mesocosms.","authors":"Henric Djerf","doi":"10.1002/wer.70008","DOIUrl":"10.1002/wer.70008","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Water browning is the phenomenon of increasing discoloration in lakes and water courses due to the leaching of organic matter from soils. This process has ecological, economic, and social implications, such as affecting light penetration, oxygen levels, nutrient cycling, drinking water quality, and recreational use. This study investigated the potential of wetlands as a natural solution to mitigate water browning by reducing organic matter and iron. Six mesocosms in pilot scale were set up and studied for 3 years for their efficiency to reduce water color, with sampling every 14th day. Parameters measured were the changes in water color, dissolved organic carbon, iron, pH, and conductivity over 3 years, under different hydrological and climatic conditions. The results showed that wetlands can decrease water browning by retaining organic matter and iron, especially in vegetated systems. This study showed that long retention times with vegetated shallow systems were needed to reduce the water color by 47%. The decrease of color was primarily due to reduction of iron that decreased by 66%, while the dissolved organic carbon (DOC) concentration decreased by only 6%. These findings highlight the potential of constructed wetlands as a valuable tool for improving water quality and mitigating the impacts of water browning, though further optimization of wetland design and integration with broader land-use strategies is needed to address this complex issue effectively. PRACTITIONER POINTS: Constructed wetlands can mitigate brownification, especially with long retention times and shallow vegetated wetlands. Iron reduction is more strongly correlated with colour reduction than with DOC reduction. Vegetated constructed wetlands reduced the colour concentration of inflow water by 47% after a 14-day retention time. Wetlands need a long retention time to reduce colour, and should be placed far upstream in the watershed. Vegetated systems may use alternative pathways, like biofilm formation, to reduce humic substances, independent of UV exposure.</p>","PeriodicalId":23621,"journal":{"name":"Water Environment Research","volume":"97 2","pages":"e70008"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11793944/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143190527","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dual-acting mechanism of microbial corrosion inhibition by ginger extract against nitrate-reducing bacteria in a nutrient-deficient environment.","authors":"Amaravathi Nagendra Lakshmi, Lata Pasupulety, Mohamed Ibrahim Zaki, Angira Devi Bhuyan","doi":"10.1002/wer.70015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/wer.70015","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study investigates the efficacy of ginger extract (GE) as a green corrosion inhibitor in the petrochemical industry, specifically targeting microbial corrosion in carbon steel pipes utilized for river water coolant systems. The nutrient-deficient conditions coupled with the presence of nitrate-reducing bacteria (NRB) within these pipelines facilitate microbiologically influenced corrosion, wherein bacteria directly interact with the metal to harvest electrons for metabolic processes. Our findings indicate that GE inhibits microbial corrosion through dual mechanisms: significantly reducing biofilm formation and adsorbing onto the metal surface. Biofilm inhibition was assessed through both qualitative and quantitative assessments, employing light microscopy and confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) to visualize and confirm the suppression of biofilm development by NRB in the presence of GE. Electrochemical techniques, including electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and polarization measurements, demonstrated that GE achieved an inhibition efficiency nearing 95%. Further analysis via scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and adsorption studies corroborated the effective adsorption of GE on carbon steel, highlighting the importance of concentration and immersion time in performance outcomes. Notably, elevated concentrations of GE were found to enhance inhibitory effects, with a 7-day exposure period yielding optimal surface coverage. These results establish GE as a promising and environmentally friendly alternative for mitigating microbial corrosion in industrial applications. PRACTITIONER POINTS: The presence of nitrate-reducing bacteria (NRB) and a nutrient-starved environment are commonplace in the coolant pipes carrying water and can cause severe damage to carbon steel pipes. Ginger extract (GE), an inexpensive green corrosion inhibitor, can be a potent microbial corrosion inhibitor in petrochemical industries. The high efficiency (95%), achieved with ginger extract (GE), is due to its dual-acting mechanism: It inhibits the formation of bacterial biofilm on the surface of carbon steel by providing a non-conducive environment for bacterial growth. The components of GE get adsorbed over the surface of carbon steel and hence prevent bacterial attachment. An optimal concentration of 0.5 g/L GE was required to exhibit high efficiency (95%), which can be achieved on 7 days of exposure of carbon steel to GE, in the presence of NRB in a nutrient-starved environment.</p>","PeriodicalId":23621,"journal":{"name":"Water Environment Research","volume":"97 2","pages":"e70015"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143081283","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Wastewater quality evaluation in terms of wastewater quality index using hybrid constructed wetland for treatment of dairy and municipal wastewater.","authors":"Singh K Krishna, Vaishya C Rakesh","doi":"10.1002/wer.70024","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/wer.70024","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The world's most pressing problem is water shortage, which is made worse by fast industrialization and urbanization, especially in places like India where untreated effluent presents serious threats to human health and the environment. In order to treat dairy and municipal wastewater, this study assesses the efficacy of a two-stage hybrid constructed wetland (CW) system. The WWQI is the primary focus of this evaluation over a range of mixing ratios. Before and after treatment, many physicochemical parameters were examined, including pH, total suspended solids (TSS), chemical oxygen demand (COD), biochemical oxygen demand (BOD), total phosphorus (TP), ammonia nitrogen ( <math> <semantics> <mrow><msub><mi>NH</mi> <mn>3</mn></msub> <mo>-</mo> <mi>N</mi></mrow> <annotation>$$ {NH}_3-N $$</annotation></semantics> </math> ), and nitrate nitrogen ( <math> <semantics> <mrow><msub><mi>NO</mi> <mn>3</mn></msub> <mo>-</mo> <mi>N</mi></mrow> <annotation>$$ {NO}_3-N $$</annotation></semantics> </math> ). The hybrid CWs system dramatically lowers pollutant concentrations, according to the results, with combinations containing higher amounts of MWW showing the best results. The WWQI values, which change from \"unfit for any uses\" in untreated DWW to \"excellent\" quality in treated MWW, show these advancements. The results highlight the potential of hybrid CWs as an effective and sustainable wastewater treatment method, especially when it comes to maximizing the proportion of dairy to municipal wastewater. This study adds to our knowledge of efficient wastewater treatment techniques and highlights the significance of incorporating eco-friendly technologies to tackle water scarcity issues. PRACTITIONER POINTS: Hybrid Constructed Wetlands (HCWs) are effective in removing TSS, BOD, COD, TP, ammonia nitrogen, and nitrate nitrogen from dairy and municipal wastewater. On the basis of HCWs performance determine the Wastewater Quality Index (WWQI) for four different ratio proportions of dairy and municipal wastewater. This index is more useful for water quality status determination and treated water reuse for various purposes. This also benefits sustainable treatment technology and contributes to achieving SDGs.</p>","PeriodicalId":23621,"journal":{"name":"Water Environment Research","volume":"97 2","pages":"e70024"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143081289","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of salinity trends in a coastal aquifer in Guzelyurt, North Cyprus.","authors":"Joseph Sorieson Kamara, Great Iruoghene Edo, Ertan Akün","doi":"10.1002/wer.70010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/wer.70010","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Salinity is a serious concern with groundwater use in irrigation that is very close to a coastal aquifer. The study aims to do a comparative analysis of the physiochemical parameters of groundwater samples obtained from 10 irrigational wells in Guzelyurt. In this study, 10 groundwater samples were collected from irrigational wells in the Guzelyurt aquifer area and were analyzed for important groundwater physiochemical parameters such as pH, EC, Na⁺, Ca²⁺, K⁺, Na⁺, Mg²⁺, HCO₃ ^-, SO₄ ^2-, and Cl^-. The well numbers are 5118 (Cengziköy), 236 (Yesilyurt), 5147 (Döganci), 4548 (Döganci), 2320 (Gunesköy), 881(Guzelyurt), 615 (Aydinköy), 287 (Kalkanli), 2400 (Guzelyurt), and 834 (Guzelyurt). The results obtained from the analysis were compared with the result of groundwater quality data that were taken from these wells in the past 10 years to ascertain the level of contamination of the wells caused by seawater intrusion in the Guzelyurt coastal aquifer. Nine of the wells are affected by seawater intrusion, while one is not affected. Well, 5118 (Cengzıköy), is not affected by the salinity problem. Within the past 11 years, the salinity in wells 615 (Aydinköy) and 834 (Guzelyurt) increased, while wells 881 (Guzelyurt), 287 (Kalkanlı), 2320 (Guneskoy), 236 (Yeşilyurt), 5147 (Dogancı), 4545 (Dogancı), and 2400 (Guzelyurt) show a low salinity. Controlling seawater intrusion and conserving groundwater resources is critical. In conclusion, the study recommends continuous monitoring of the Guzelyurt aquifer, the adoption of desalination plants, and the use of treated wastewater effluent as an option to reduce groundwater withdrawal. PRACTITIONER POINTS: Controlling seawater intrusion and conserving groundwater resources is critical. Groundwater established the significance of the water circle, and it is found in aquifers. The use of polluted groundwater can cause health problems.</p>","PeriodicalId":23621,"journal":{"name":"Water Environment Research","volume":"97 2","pages":"e70010"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143068350","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of konjac glucomannan aerogel-immobilized Chlorella vulgaris LH-1 on oil-contaminated seawater remediation and endogenous bacterial community diversity.","authors":"Zhuorong Du, Xudong Wang, Zhao Song, Baikang Zhu, Lijuan Feng, Zhi Chen, Qingguo Chen","doi":"10.1002/wer.70009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/wer.70009","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Ocean oil spills can severely impact ecosystems and disrupt marine biodiversity and habitats. Microbial remediation is an effective method for removing thin oil slick contamination. In this study, the adsorption and degradation of low-concentration oil spills by Chlorella vulgaris LH-1 immobilized in konjac glucomannan (KGM) aerogel were investigated. The effect of the KGM aerogel-immobilized C. vulgaris on the bacterial community structure in seawater environments was analyzed through bacterial diversity sequencing. In seawater containing 0.01 and 1.00 g/L of crude oil, after 14 days of remediation with the KGM aerogel-immobilized C. vulgaris, crude oil removal rates of 98.73% and 95.13% were achieved, respectively. The FDA hydrolytic enzyme activity curve indicated that the microbial growth activity in the immobilized C. vulgaris group was significantly higher than that in other groups. After remediation, the top three dominant bacterial genera in the seawater were found to be Vitellibacter, Roseitalea, and Methylophaga. Vitellibacter, a genus known for its ability to degrade polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in marine environments, showed increased abundance in seawater treated with the KGM aerogel-immobilized C. vulgaris, suggesting enhanced PAH degradation capability in the presence of the immobilized C. vulgaris. Functional prediction using PICRUSt indicated that the oil metabolism capability of bacteria was promoted by the KGM aerogel-immobilized C. vulgaris. PRACTITIONER POINTS: High degradation efficiency across various oil concentrations is exhibited by KGM-immobilized microalgae. KGM aerogels effectively confine C.vulgaris, reducing loss in marine systems. The impact of KGM aerogel-immobilized C. vulgaris on bacterial community structure in marine environments was analyzed. Immobilized C. vulgaris enhanced the growth of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon-degrading bacteria, such as Vitellibacter, in seawater.</p>","PeriodicalId":23621,"journal":{"name":"Water Environment Research","volume":"97 1","pages":"e70009"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143034285","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative toxicity of copper and zinc contaminated wastewater irrigation on growth, physiology, and mineral absorption of wheat.","authors":"Sana Ullah, Asif Naeem, Marius Praspaliauskas, Irena Vaskeviciene, Ahmed Hosney, Karolina Barcauskaite","doi":"10.1002/wer.70001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/wer.70001","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A comparative pot study was performed to assess the toxic effects of copper (Cu) and/or zinc (Zn) contaminated wastewater (WW) irrigation on the growth, physiology, and element concentration of wheat grown for two months. The treatments included irrigation with uncontaminated wastewater (WW) as control, Cu-contaminated WW (CuWW), Zn-contaminated WW (ZnWW), and Cu + Zn contaminated WW (CuZnWW) in a completely randomized design. Compared to ZnWW, irrigation with CuWW or CuZnWW had severe effects on growth, physiology, and mineral absorption by wheat. Irrigation with CuWW or CuZnWW reduced shoot length, root length, root and shoot dry weights by 44-45%, 54-56%, 5-6%, and 33-34%, respectively, against WW control. Similarly, these treatments diminished chlorophyll a, b, carotenoids, and SPAD by 33-34%, 59-60%, 49-51%, and 26-27%, respectively. Conversely, contaminated irrigation improved the total polyphenols, polyphenolic acids, total flavonoids, and antiradical activity, however, a maximum increase in these parameters up to 65% was observed when irrigated with ZnWW. Pearson correlation showed that the decline in growth and physiology of wheat was negatively correlated with shoot metal concentration and uptake. Dehydrogenase activity is severely hampered by CuWW or CuZnWW and to a lesser extent by ZnWW as well. These results suggest that irrigation with contaminated WW adversely affects wheat growth and physiology, however, ZnWW is found to be less toxic to wheat crops than Cu. Thereby, this data highlights the need for a tailored approach to prioritize the metal (Zn) with lower toxicity during the use of WW in irrigation practice. PRACTITIONER POINTS: Cu-contaminated wastewater (20 ppm Cu) substantially reduced the growth and physiology of wheat. Zn (80 ppm) contaminated wastewater was found lesser toxic compared to Cu. Wheat irrigation with contaminated wastewater increased biologically active compounds in wheat shoot. Contaminated wastewater affected minerals concentration in the root and shoot part of wheat. Dehydrogenase activity in soil is less affected by Zn-contaminated wastewater. Irrigation with wastewater and leftover crop residues resulted in the accumulation of organic matter in soil.</p>","PeriodicalId":23621,"journal":{"name":"Water Environment Research","volume":"97 1","pages":"e70001"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143012522","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Radiation tolerance and biodegradation performance of a marine bacterium Acinetobacter sp. Y9 in radioactive composite oil-contaminated wastewater.","authors":"Jiejie Yan, Qun Luo, Baikang Zhu, Zhi Chen, Qingguo Chen","doi":"10.1002/wer.70005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/wer.70005","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The tolerance and degradation characteristics of a marine oil-degrading strain Acinetobacter sp. Y9 were investigated in the presence of diesel oil and simulated radioactive nuclides (Mn²⁺, Co²⁺, Ni²⁺, Sr²⁺, Cs⁺) at varying concentrations, as well as exposure to γ-ray radiation (Co-60). The maximum tolerable concentrations for Co²⁺and Ni²⁺ were found to be 5 mg/l and 25 mg/l, respectively, while the tolerable concentrations for Mn²⁺, Sr²⁺, and Cs⁺ exceeded 400 mg/l, 1000 mg/l, and 1000 mg/l, respectively. A total of 0.4 Gy/h of γ-ray radiation (Co-60) did not significantly affect the growth of strain Y9. The presence of metal nuclides and γ-ray radiation primarily inhibited the production of outer membrane proteins while promoting the secretion of polysaccharides in strain Y9. Strain Y9 exhibited a notable capacity to degrade diesel oil under radiative conditions when exposed to the five individual radionuclides used in this study. Furthermore, the introduction of the radiation-resistant strain R1 significantly enhanced the diesel oil degradation efficiency of strain Y9 in the presence of a mixture of five nuclides, with the degradation efficiency increasing from 26.7% to 46.75%. Strain R1 demonstrated the ability to absorb a substantial amount of free nuclides, thereby creating favorable environmental conditions for the growth and degradation activity of strain Y9. PRACTITIONER POINTS: Investigate the tolerance mechanisms of strain Y9 to different nuclides and γ-ray irradiation. Examine the degradation characteristics of strain Y9 on diesel oil under the influence of nuclides and irradiation. In a single nuclide medium, strain Y9 exhibited a high degradation rate of 90.64% toward 1% diesel oil concentration. The addition of a radiation-resistant strain R1 can enhance the degradation efficiency of Y9 toward diesel oil.</p>","PeriodicalId":23621,"journal":{"name":"Water Environment Research","volume":"97 1","pages":"e70005"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142980006","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Facile preparation of marine carrageenan hydrogel-coated steel mesh with superhydrophilic and underwater superoleophobic performance for highly efficient oil-water separation.","authors":"Wuyang Sun, Linghui Ding, Peixuan Xu, Baikang Zhu, Ke Cun Ma, Qingguo Chen","doi":"10.1002/wer.70006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/wer.70006","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The discharge of oil-laden wastewater from industrial processes and the frequent occurrence of oil spills pose severe threats to the ecological environment and human health. Membrane materials with special wettability have garnered attention for their ability to achieve efficient oil-water separation by leveraging the differences in wettability at the oil-water interface. These materials are characterized by their simplicity, energy efficiency, environmental friendliness, and reusability. Among them, superhydrophilic-underwater superoleophobic membranes inspired by biomimetic fish scale structures have become a focal point of oil-water separation research due to their ability to repel oil contaminants effectively and maintain self-cleaning properties during the separation process. In this study, a stainless steel microporous two-dimensional metal mesh was employed as the substrate, coated with a carrageenan solution, and gelled in situ using sodium periodate as a crosslinking agent to fabricate a membrane with oil-water separation capabilities. The robust hydrophilicity of the carrageenan hydrogel imparts the coated stainless steel mesh with superhydrophilicity and underwater superoleophobicity (underwater oil contact angle ≥ 158°), along with excellent antifouling properties and recyclability. Experimental results demonstrate that the membrane achieved separation efficiencies of 98.87%, 98.08%, 98.14%, and 97.98% for silicone oil, canola oil, cyclohexane, and liquid paraffin, respectively, with a water flux of 1380.75 L/m²·h. Remarkably, the membrane retained its initial separation efficiency even after 20 cycles. Additionally, the hydrogel exhibited exceptional stability under highly alkaline conditions, making it suitable for the treatment of complex oil-contaminated wastewater. PRACTITIONER POINTS: This study extracted a biocompatible and renewable hydrogel from marine red algae for application in oil-water separation. A superhydrophilic/underwater superoleophobic oil-water separation membrane was developed based on biomimetic fish scale structures. The membrane exhibited exceptionally high separation efficiency under pure gravity-driven conditions. The resulting material exhibits excellent oil repellency, self-cleaning capability, and recyclability.</p>","PeriodicalId":23621,"journal":{"name":"Water Environment Research","volume":"97 1","pages":"e70006"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142980057","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Overestimated role of inoculation bacteria-algae ratio in wastewater treatment.","authors":"Huangbo Zhao, Xin Zhong, Zexin Yao, Zihua Yang, Jie Fan","doi":"10.1002/wer.70016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/wer.70016","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Microalgae-bacteria systems present a promising approach for CO₂ reduction in wastewater treatment. The effect of inoculation bacteria-algae ratio on performance was investigated in this study. Different inoculation ratios (bacteria: algae 1:2, 1:1, 1:0.5, 1:0.25, 1:0.125, w/w) obtained comparable nutrients removal (p > 0.05). Over time, the bacteria-algae ratios converged into two groups (3:1 and 4:1), demonstrating self-adaption between bacteria and microalgae. Furthermore, principal component analysis (PCA) distinguished the performance of reactors into two groups, one group consisting of 1:2, 1:1, and 1:0.5 ratios and the other group consisting of 1:0.25 and 1:0.125 ratios, confirming their convergence in terms of nutrient removal and photosynthetic properties. The performance differed merely in sludge volume index (SVI) and nitrite accumulation, with 1:2 and 1:0.125 being the most prone to accumulate nitrite. This study implies that photobioreactor performance was not sensitive to inoculation ratio, whose role was overestimated, since microalgae and bacteria self-assemble to form niches. PRACTITIONER POINTS: Effect of inoculation bacteria-algae ratio on performance was overestimated Photosynthesis and nutrients removal were grouped at different inoculation ratios Different ratio showed similar nutrients removal efficiency Self-adaption made ratios of 1:2, 1:1, 1:0.5 converge into 3:1.</p>","PeriodicalId":23621,"journal":{"name":"Water Environment Research","volume":"97 1","pages":"e70016"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143034288","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}