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High specific power lithium polymer rechargeable battery 高比功率锂聚合物可充电电池
Proceedings of 11th Annual Battery Conference on Applications and Advances Pub Date : 1996-01-09 DOI: 10.1109/BCAA.1996.484988
M. Chu, L. D. De Jonghe, S. Visco
{"title":"High specific power lithium polymer rechargeable battery","authors":"M. Chu, L. D. De Jonghe, S. Visco","doi":"10.1109/BCAA.1996.484988","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/BCAA.1996.484988","url":null,"abstract":"PolyPlus Battery Company (PPBC) is developing an advanced lithium polymer rechargeable battery based on its proprietary positive electrode. This battery offers high steady-state (>250 W/kg) and peak power densities (3000 W/kg), in a low cost and environmentally benign format. This PolyPlus lithium polymer battery also delivers high specific energy. The first generation battery has a energy density of 100 Wh/kg (120 Wh/l) and subsequent generations increases the performance in excess of 500 Wh/kg (600 Wh/l). The high power and energy densities, along with the low toxicity and low cost of materials used in the PolyPlus solid-state cell make this battery exceptionally attractive for both hybrid and electric vehicle applications.","PeriodicalId":236148,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of 11th Annual Battery Conference on Applications and Advances","volume":"67 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-01-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126032933","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
Rigid separator lead acid batteries 刚性隔板铅酸蓄电池
Proceedings of 11th Annual Battery Conference on Applications and Advances Pub Date : 1996-01-09 DOI: 10.1109/BCAA.1996.485009
A. Cannone, A. Salkind, J. Stempin, D.R. Wexell
{"title":"Rigid separator lead acid batteries","authors":"A. Cannone, A. Salkind, J. Stempin, D.R. Wexell","doi":"10.1109/BCAA.1996.485009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/BCAA.1996.485009","url":null,"abstract":"Lead acid cells assembled with extruded separators displayed relatively uniform capacity and voltage parameters through 100/sup +/ cycles of charge/discharge. This contrasts to failure of control cells with glass mat separators after 60 cycles. The mullite/alumina separators with 50, 60, and 70% porosity separators appear suitable for both flooded and sealed lead acid cell applications. The advantages of the rigid ceramic separators over fiber mat materials are in the uniformity of capacity and voltage, the ease of cell assembly, and the probability that firm stacking pressure on the active material will yield greater cycle life, especially at elevated temperatures.","PeriodicalId":236148,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of 11th Annual Battery Conference on Applications and Advances","volume":"44 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-01-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129841169","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Current trends and innovations in porometry and porosimetry applicable to battery separator testing and development: introducing the Micro-Flow Porometer 适用于电池隔膜测试和开发的孔隙度测定法和孔隙度测定法的最新趋势和创新:介绍微流孔隙度计
Proceedings of 11th Annual Battery Conference on Applications and Advances Pub Date : 1996-01-09 DOI: 10.1109/BCAA.1996.485007
C. Stillwell, K. M. Gupta
{"title":"Current trends and innovations in porometry and porosimetry applicable to battery separator testing and development: introducing the Micro-Flow Porometer","authors":"C. Stillwell, K. M. Gupta","doi":"10.1109/BCAA.1996.485007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/BCAA.1996.485007","url":null,"abstract":"Pore structure of separators is a critical property for efficiency of batteries and fuel cells. As such, porosity characterization is of great interest to those developing, as well as those manufacturing, these materials. This paper discusses the two most frequently used techniques for porosity characterization: porosimetry and porometry. The strengths and limitations of both testing techniques are discussed with a focus on appropriate test selection to obtain optimal results. This paper also describes the new user-friendly instruments now available from Porous Materials Inc. (PMI) and the advances that have made these techniques more useful for those involved with product development, product improvement, and quality control in the battery separator industry. This paper introduces the new Micro-Flow Porometer, which is capable of testing flow rates as low as 0.0001 cc/min. The usefulness of the Micro-Flow Porometer for battery separator testing is discussed and additional advances in porosimetry are introduced.","PeriodicalId":236148,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of 11th Annual Battery Conference on Applications and Advances","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-01-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130438623","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Recent development of rechargeable lithium-ion cells at JPL JPL可充电锂离子电池的最新发展
Proceedings of 11th Annual Battery Conference on Applications and Advances Pub Date : 1996-01-09 DOI: 10.1109/BCAA.1996.485017
Chen-Kuo Huang, M. Smart, E. Davies, S. Surampudi
{"title":"Recent development of rechargeable lithium-ion cells at JPL","authors":"Chen-Kuo Huang, M. Smart, E. Davies, S. Surampudi","doi":"10.1109/BCAA.1996.485017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/BCAA.1996.485017","url":null,"abstract":"The objective of this work is to identify electrode materials and electrolytes for lithium-ion cells to be used in NASA's New Millennium spacecraft and to demonstrate the advantage of this technology. Recent progress has shown that the electrode fabrication method plays an important role. The test performance of cells containing these electrodes has led to the selection of graphite anode material, LiCoO/sub 2/ cathode material, Celgard 2500 separator, and 1M LiPF/sub 6/ in (30% EC+70% DMC) electrolyte as base line Li-ion cell materials. In addition, the evaluation of a new alternative noncarbon type anode material in Li-ion cells is also discussed. The authors also applied the Taguchi design method to assist in the identification of key cell design parameters. All of the above factors mentioned, as well as the development of low temperature Li-ion cell systems, are discussed in this paper.","PeriodicalId":236148,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of 11th Annual Battery Conference on Applications and Advances","volume":"214 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-01-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131946229","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
Multistation/multi-electrode potentiostat/galvanostat instrumentation 多工位/多电极恒电位仪/恒流仪
Proceedings of 11th Annual Battery Conference on Applications and Advances Pub Date : 1996-01-09 DOI: 10.1109/BCAA.1996.485005
J. Zhang
{"title":"Multistation/multi-electrode potentiostat/galvanostat instrumentation","authors":"J. Zhang","doi":"10.1109/BCAA.1996.485005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/BCAA.1996.485005","url":null,"abstract":"A new type potentiostat/galvanostat is introduced. This instrument is called Multistat (multichannel/multielectrode potentiostat/galvanostat). With this instrument, up to tens, even hundreds, working electrodes can be working independently in the same electrolyte or cell either potentiostatically or galvanostatically. Each electrode can share a reference electrode or has its own reference electrode for control and measurement.","PeriodicalId":236148,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of 11th Annual Battery Conference on Applications and Advances","volume":"60 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-01-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130995310","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Characterization of the passivation layer on disordered carbons in lithium-ion cells 锂离子电池中无序碳钝化层的表征
Proceedings of 11th Annual Battery Conference on Applications and Advances Pub Date : 1996-01-09 DOI: 10.1109/BCAA.1996.484994
R. Guidotti, B. Johnson
{"title":"Characterization of the passivation layer on disordered carbons in lithium-ion cells","authors":"R. Guidotti, B. Johnson","doi":"10.1109/BCAA.1996.484994","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/BCAA.1996.484994","url":null,"abstract":"Intercalation anodes of graphite or disordered carbon in rechargeable Li-ion batteries (based on aprotic organic solvents) develop a passivating film during the first intercalation of Li/sup +/. The formation of this film reduces the cycling efficiency and results in excessive consumption of Li/sup +/. The exact nature of this film is not well defined, although there are many similarities in properties to the films that form on Li anodes under similar cycling conditions. In this study, the authors report on characterization studies of films formed during galvanostatic cycling of disordered carbons derived from polymethylacrylonitrile (PMAN) in a 1M LiPF/sub 6/ solution in ethylene carbonate/dimethyl carbonate solution (1:1 by vol). Complementary tests were also conducted with glass carbon where intercalation cannot occur. Complex-impedance spectroscopy was the primary measurement technique, supplemented by cyclic voltammetry. The passivation process was associated with two irreversible reduction peaks at /spl sim/0.75 V and /spl sim/1.1 V vs. Li/Li/sup +/ in the dC/dV-V plot of the galvanostatic data. Similar peaks were displayed in cyclic voltammograms of glassy carbon, but shifted to lower potentials. The PMAN impedance spectra showed inductive behavior during the first intercalation at potentials below 0.5 V. This inductive behavior was related to formation of nonequilibrium reactive intermediates associated with solvent reduction. It was not observed after several intercalation/deintercalation cycles at these potentials. Instead, the impedance spectra exhibited two semicircles and a Warburg-type tail.","PeriodicalId":236148,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of 11th Annual Battery Conference on Applications and Advances","volume":"42 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-01-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134101679","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Lithiated manganese oxide cathodes for rechargeable lithium batteries 可充电锂电池用锂化锰氧化物阴极
Proceedings of 11th Annual Battery Conference on Applications and Advances Pub Date : 1996-01-09 DOI: 10.1109/BCAA.1996.485016
K. Abraham, D. M. Pasquariello, T.H. Hguyen, Z. Jiang, D. Peramunage
{"title":"Lithiated manganese oxide cathodes for rechargeable lithium batteries","authors":"K. Abraham, D. M. Pasquariello, T.H. Hguyen, Z. Jiang, D. Peramunage","doi":"10.1109/BCAA.1996.485016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/BCAA.1996.485016","url":null,"abstract":"Lithiated manganese oxides Li/sub x/Mn/sub y/O/sub 2/ prepared at the low temperature of 400-450/spl deg/C exhibited significantly different electrochemical properties than the spinel phase, LiMn/sub 2/O/sub 4/, formed at 650-850/spl deg/C. The former was nonstoichiometric and yielded a capacity of /spl sim/0.7 LiMn/sub 2/ unit at /spl sim/2.8 V in polymer electrolyte-based Li cells. Its excellent rechargeability was demonstrated by more than 100 charge/discharge cycles. Spinel Li/sub 2/Mn/sub 4/ was formed by heating either a mixture of LiOH and MnO/sub 2/ or LiCO/sub 3/ and MnCO/sub 3/. The latter reaction yielded micron-sized LiMn/sub 2/O/sub 4/. Its capacity of /spl sim/0.8 Li/Mn/sub 2/O/sub 4/ at /spl sim/4 V was highly reversible. AA-size Li-ion cells with spinel LiMn/sub 2/O/sub 4/ exhibited 100 Wh/Kg and 280 Wh/l.","PeriodicalId":236148,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of 11th Annual Battery Conference on Applications and Advances","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-01-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130247390","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 5
Characteristic signatures of aerospace nickel-cadmium cells on life-cycle testing 航空用镍镉电池寿命周期试验的特征特征
Proceedings of 11th Annual Battery Conference on Applications and Advances Pub Date : 1996-01-09 DOI: 10.1109/BCAA.1996.484973
M. R. Toft, G. Rao
{"title":"Characteristic signatures of aerospace nickel-cadmium cells on life-cycle testing","authors":"M. R. Toft, G. Rao","doi":"10.1109/BCAA.1996.484973","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/BCAA.1996.484973","url":null,"abstract":"NASA-Goddard Spaceflight Center (GSFC) is continuing its long-standing program of life-cycle tests of nickel-cadmium (Ni-Cd) cells from various battery cell vendors at the Naval Surface Warfare Center (NSWC) in Crane, Indiana in order to predict on-orbit performance and develop onboard management strategies for both nominal and anomalous batteries. Testing is in progress on several packs and different sizes of the two types of Ni-Cd cells manufactured by Eagle-Picher Industries, Inc. (EPI). These two designs are the Super Ni-Cd cell and the Magnum Ni-Cd cell, the significant difference between the two types being the type of separator material. Anomalous charge voltage divergences have been observed in cells from both designs, particularly at cold temperatures and fairly low depths-of-discharge. A similar divergence has also been observed in the one on-board battery of the LEO SAMPEX (Solar Anomalous Magnetospheric Particle Explorer) spacecraft. This paper illustrates the life-cycle test voltage divergences, shows how they differ from divergences observed on previous life-cycle tests of EPI cells, and report the data from at least one attempt to manage the voltage divergence.","PeriodicalId":236148,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of 11th Annual Battery Conference on Applications and Advances","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-01-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131360475","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Reference electrode's use in the analysis of battery performance and operation 参考电极在电池性能和运行分析中的应用
Proceedings of 11th Annual Battery Conference on Applications and Advances Pub Date : 1996-01-09 DOI: 10.1109/BCAA.1996.485006
W. Brecht, J. Wertz
{"title":"Reference electrode's use in the analysis of battery performance and operation","authors":"W. Brecht, J. Wertz","doi":"10.1109/BCAA.1996.485006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/BCAA.1996.485006","url":null,"abstract":"Most battery researchers are aware of the use of reference electrodes as an analytical tool and many technical papers have been published on the subject detailing both the methodology and principles for their use. However, beyond those who work in the laboratory, many people in the battery field are not familiar with the subtleties of this technology nor its capabilities. This paper is offered as a general overview of the subject of the application and use of reference electrodes. The basic principle of the reference, or third electrode, are discussed followed by their application to the study of both the charge and discharge reactions in lead acid batteries.","PeriodicalId":236148,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of 11th Annual Battery Conference on Applications and Advances","volume":"23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-01-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114208248","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 4
Development of a spiral wound advanced lead-acid EV battery 电动汽车用螺旋缠绕先进铅酸电池的研制
Proceedings of 11th Annual Battery Conference on Applications and Advances Pub Date : 1996-01-09 DOI: 10.1109/BCAA.1996.484989
J. Olson, N.H. Puester
{"title":"Development of a spiral wound advanced lead-acid EV battery","authors":"J. Olson, N.H. Puester","doi":"10.1109/BCAA.1996.484989","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/BCAA.1996.484989","url":null,"abstract":"It is generally accepted that the battery is the critical component for a functional electric vehicle (EV). Development of an effective EV battery requires careful consideration of the characteristics of the EV, as well as the battery, and their proper integration. OPTIMA Batteries, Inc. has developed a 12 V, 52 Ah lead-acid spiral wound battery with ideal characteristics for a commuter type EV. The batteries feature a power of 400 W/kg and are sealed and maintenance free. AC Propulsion, Inc. manufactures a state-of-the-art 150 kW AC induction motor and controller incorporating many innovative battery management features. Specifications of the OPTIMA Yellow Top battery as well as case histories and performance data of AC Propulsion's EV conversions equipped with the OPTIMA deep cycle batteries are presented.","PeriodicalId":236148,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of 11th Annual Battery Conference on Applications and Advances","volume":"83 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-01-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121435904","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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