Vadose Zone Journal最新文献

{"title":"The time validity of Philip's two-term infiltration equation: An elusive theoretical quantity?","authors":"Jasper A. Vrugt, Jan W. Hopmans, Yifu Gao, Mehdi Rahmati, Jan Vanderborght, Harry Vereecken","doi":"10.1002/vzj2.20309","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/vzj2.20309","url":null,"abstract":"The two-term infiltration equation <mjx-container aria-label=\"upper I left parenthesis t right parenthesis equals upper S StartRoot t EndRoot plus upper A t\" ctxtmenu_counter=\"0\" ctxtmenu_oldtabindex=\"1\" jax=\"CHTML\" role=\"application\" sre-explorer- style=\"font-size: 103%; position: relative;\" tabindex=\"0\"><mjx-math aria-hidden=\"true\"><mjx-semantics><mjx-mrow data-semantic-children=\"13,18\" data-semantic-content=\"5\" data-semantic- data-semantic-role=\"equality\" data-semantic-speech=\"upper I left parenthesis t right parenthesis equals upper S StartRoot t EndRoot plus upper A t\" data-semantic-type=\"relseq\"><mjx-mrow data-semantic-annotation=\"clearspeak:simple\" data-semantic-children=\"0,4\" data-semantic-content=\"12,0\" data-semantic- data-semantic-parent=\"19\" data-semantic-role=\"simple function\" data-semantic-type=\"appl\"><mjx-mi data-semantic-annotation=\"clearspeak:simple\" data-semantic-font=\"italic\" data-semantic- data-semantic-operator=\"appl\" data-semantic-parent=\"13\" data-semantic-role=\"simple function\" data-semantic-type=\"identifier\"><mjx-c></mjx-c></mjx-mi><mjx-mo data-semantic-added=\"true\" data-semantic- data-semantic-operator=\"appl\" data-semantic-parent=\"13\" data-semantic-role=\"application\" data-semantic-type=\"punctuation\" style=\"margin-left: 0.056em; margin-right: 0.056em;\"><mjx-c></mjx-c></mjx-mo><mjx-mrow data-semantic-children=\"2\" data-semantic-content=\"1,3\" data-semantic- data-semantic-parent=\"13\" data-semantic-role=\"leftright\" data-semantic-type=\"fenced\"><mjx-mo data-semantic- data-semantic-operator=\"fenced\" data-semantic-parent=\"4\" data-semantic-role=\"open\" data-semantic-type=\"fence\" style=\"margin-left: 0.056em; margin-right: 0.056em;\"><mjx-c></mjx-c></mjx-mo><mjx-mi data-semantic-annotation=\"clearspeak:simple\" data-semantic-font=\"italic\" data-semantic- data-semantic-parent=\"4\" data-semantic-role=\"latinletter\" data-semantic-type=\"identifier\"><mjx-c></mjx-c></mjx-mi><mjx-mo data-semantic- data-semantic-operator=\"fenced\" data-semantic-parent=\"4\" data-semantic-role=\"close\" data-semantic-type=\"fence\" style=\"margin-left: 0.056em; margin-right: 0.056em;\"><mjx-c></mjx-c></mjx-mo></mjx-mrow></mjx-mrow><mjx-mo data-semantic- data-semantic-operator=\"relseq,=\" data-semantic-parent=\"19\" data-semantic-role=\"equality\" data-semantic-type=\"relation\" rspace=\"5\" space=\"5\"><mjx-c></mjx-c></mjx-mo><mjx-mrow data-semantic-children=\"15,17\" data-semantic-content=\"9\" data-semantic- data-semantic-parent=\"19\" data-semantic-role=\"addition\" data-semantic-type=\"infixop\"><mjx-mrow data-semantic-annotation=\"clearspeak:unit\" data-semantic-children=\"6,8\" data-semantic-content=\"14\" data-semantic- data-semantic-parent=\"18\" data-semantic-role=\"implicit\" data-semantic-type=\"infixop\"><mjx-mi data-semantic-annotation=\"clearspeak:simple\" data-semantic-font=\"italic\" data-semantic- data-semantic-parent=\"15\" data-semantic-role=\"latinletter\" data-semantic-type=\"identifier\"><mjx-c></mjx-c></mjx-mi><mjx-mo data-semantic-added=\"true\" data-semantic- data-semantic-operator=\"infixop,⁢\" da","PeriodicalId":23594,"journal":{"name":"Vadose Zone Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140004521","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Vadose zone perspectives in global arsenic research: A review and future opportunities","authors":"C. M. van Genuchten, K. Wang, R. Jakobsen","doi":"10.1002/vzj2.20313","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/vzj2.20313","url":null,"abstract":"Few contaminants have been linked to more devastating human health and environmental impacts than carcinogenic arsenic (As). Geogenic As contamination of groundwater used as a drinking water source continues to threaten hundreds of millions of lives worldwide, with the As crisis in South and Southeast Asia often called “the largest mass poisoning in history.” In addition, anthropogenic As pollution derived from industrial activities (e.g., mining and smelting processes, wood preservation, and historic pesticide use) has created large sites of intensely contaminated soils and water bodies that urgently require remediation. Because of its profound negative impacts on environmental quality, As has also been the focus of considerable scientific research. In particular, vadose zone research, which aims to understand fluid flow and contaminant transport in variably saturated porous media, has been critical to identify sources of As contamination, predict the fate of As in natural and engineered systems, and help guide regulatory agencies, policymakers, and practitioners to minimize As impacts. In this work, we review several key topics in global As research that have been advanced by vadose zone knowledge. These topics include the release of geogenic As to groundwater, the remediation of anthropogenic As contamination, and the design and operation of As treatment systems. We end this review by highlighting urgent and important knowledge gaps in As research that can benefit from a more rigorous understanding of vadose zone processes.","PeriodicalId":23594,"journal":{"name":"Vadose Zone Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-02-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140004516","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Simulation of near‐saturated flow in soil macropores with the lattice Boltzmann method","authors":"Jari Hyväluoma","doi":"10.1002/vzj2.20318","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/vzj2.20318","url":null,"abstract":"Direct information about the soil structure can be obtained with X‐ray computed microtomography, and the imaged macropore networks can be used as geometries in the lattice Boltzmann flow simulations. This method has not been widely applied for near‐saturated flows due to methodological issues related to diffuse‐interface two‐phase flow simulations in samples with limited resolution. Here, a simple pore‐scale lattice Boltzmann approach to simulate steady‐state water flow in partially saturated soil macropore networks that circumvents these problems is presented. The actual simulation is preceded by the determination of water–air distribution, for example, by using morphological operations. Flow through the water‐filled part of the pore space is done by using no‐slip conditions at water–solid boundaries and slip conditions at water–air interfaces. The method was tested by simulating film flow over a solid surface, and the numerical results are shown to agree with the analytical expression available for this flow geometry. The method is further tested, and its use is demonstrated with real tomographic reconstructions of clay soil samples.","PeriodicalId":23594,"journal":{"name":"Vadose Zone Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-02-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140004419","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Microbial mediated carbon and nitrogen cycling in the spatially heterogeneous vadose zone: A modeling study","authors":"Swamini Khurana, Falk Heße, Anke Hildebrandt, Martin Thullner","doi":"10.1002/vzj2.20315","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/vzj2.20315","url":null,"abstract":"Spatially distributed properties of the subsurface result in varying water saturation and preferential flow paths, which lead to heterogeneous solute transport patterns and heterogeneous microbial environments. This, in turn, influences the distribution of nutrients and energy gradients, microbial biomass, and activity thereof. By their very nature, current field sampling techniques do not resolve subsampling scale heterogeneities in microbial biomass and activity, resulting in inaccurate estimates of microbially mediated carbon and nitrogen turnover in the heterogeneous subsurface. Thus, in this study, we undertook a numerical modeling approach to study the impact of spatial heterogeneity on microbially mediated carbon and nitrogen turnover in the vadose zone. We adapted an established biogeochemical process network that captures a variety of respiration pathways, carbon decomposition strategies, and microbial life processes to simulate microbially mediated carbon and nitrogen turnover in variably saturated spatially heterogeneous settings, using an established numerical tool (OGS#BRNS). The fractionation of microbial communities into active and inactive states, as well as immobile and mobile states followed could be linked to the bulk average saturation. Lastly, we identified three reactive systems, distinguished by the rate ratio of aerobic respiration and transfer of oxygen from the air to the water phase, to evaluate the impact of spatial heterogeneity on carbon and nitrogen removal in subsurface heterogeneous domains. Specifically, when this ratio is approximately 1, there is no impact on carbon removal, while when this ratio is very high, then carbon removal decreases as the domain tends to be oxygen limited.","PeriodicalId":23594,"journal":{"name":"Vadose Zone Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140004513","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Disentangling slope-scale spatial variability of saturated hydraulic conductivity in the black soil region of northeast China using noise-assisted multivariate empirical mode decomposition","authors":"Yang Yang, Tingting Peng, Hui Zhang, Ole Wendroth, Zixin Jin, Xinyi Chen, Yingna Liu","doi":"10.1002/vzj2.20311","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/vzj2.20311","url":null,"abstract":"Reliable estimates of saturated hydraulic conductivity (<i>K</i>_s) are usually difficult to obtain, as <i>K</i>_s is regulated by a variety of soil processes acting at different spatial scales that may obscure each other's impacts. We hypothesized that these scale-specific relationships could be well characterized with the aid of the noise-assisted multivariate empirical mode decomposition (NA-MEMD), thereby serving as a solid foundation for an accurate <i>K</i>_s prediction. The objective was to evaluate whether the incorporation of NA-MEMD could improve the estimation of <i>K</i>_s based on the multiscale associations it unraveled. On a typical slope transect of 860 m in the black soil region of northeast China, <i>K</i>_s, mollic epipedon thickness, bulk density, soil organic carbon content, total (<i>ϕ</i>) and effective porosities (<i>ϕ</i>_e), and particle size distribution were investigated at every 20 m. Prior to NA-MEMD, <i>K</i>_s was most strongly correlated with <i>ϕ</i>_e, and the linear regression models based on <i>ϕ</i>_e solely were satisfactory for <i>K</i>_s estimation at the scale of investigation. Adding other predictors significantly improved <i>K</i>_s prediction in calibration, but impaired it in validation. Upon decomposition by NA-MEMD, <i>K</i>_s was found to be significantly associated with each attribute at two scales of oscillation at least. Summing up the estimates of each <i>K</i>_s component derived from the properties at the equivalent oscillation scales, the results outperformed the traditional multiple linear regressions made at the investigation scale, when the same sets of predictors were used. The application of NA-MEMD, moreover, could save the tedious measurements of <i>ϕ</i>_e and <i>ϕ</i>. Excluding these two porosity-related properties, <i>K</i>_s estimates obtained by incorporating NA-MEMD were statistically similar or even better than those involving them before NA-MEMD. These findings demonstrate the great potential of NA-MEMD in untangling scale-dependent relationships of <i>K</i>_s with various processes and hold important implications for future estimations of <i>K</i>_s and other hydraulic properties in the black soil region of northeast China and similar regions.","PeriodicalId":23594,"journal":{"name":"Vadose Zone Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139967983","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Characterizing large‐scale preferential flow across Continental United States","authors":"Leah Kocian, Binayak P. Mohanty","doi":"10.1002/vzj2.20316","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/vzj2.20316","url":null,"abstract":"Understanding preferential flow (PF) at large scales is critical for improving land management and groundwater (GW) quality. However, limited knowledge of this process, due to soil surface heterogeneity and observational constraints, hampers progress. In this study, we propose estimating effective PF at remote sensing footprint scale (4–9 km) by examining its impact on soil moisture (SM) distribution and shallow groundwater (SGW) table fluctuations (depth 5 m). Effective PF encompasses macropore, funnel, and finger flow pathways influencing SGW table fluctuations. We compiled daily SGW observations (2019–2021) from 19 Continental United States (CONUS) sites through United States Geological Survey. Using inverse modeling in HYDRUS‐1D, SGW data, and climate hazards group infrared precipitation with station data precipitation, we inversely estimated soil hydraulic parameters of the dual‐porosity model (DPM) simulating vertical flow from soil surface to subsurface. Effective PF presence was inferred using three criteria: (1) daily precipitation equal to or exceeding the site‐specific average across multiple (calibration) years, (2) daily observed SGW table increase, and (3) daily difference between observed and DPM simulated SGW tables 50% of the site‐specific root mean square error. Leveraging optimized DPM parameters and associated soil texture, classified PF events, and soil moisture active passive (SMAP L3E) satellite‐based SM, a random forest algorithm with 10‐fold cross validation predicted large‐scale effective PF events. Results indicate seasonal dependence, with spring having the highest occurrence of PF events. The random forest model achieved 98% accuracy in predicting large‐scale PF events, with SMAP SM and saturated hydraulic conductivity (<jats:italic>K</jats:italic><jats:sub>s</jats:sub>) among the four most impactful variables. Our approach provides a soil hydraulic property, site characteristic, soil texture, and remote sensing‐based generalized tool to analyze large‐scale effective PF.","PeriodicalId":23594,"journal":{"name":"Vadose Zone Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139968685","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Transport, dispersion, and degradation of nonpoint source contaminants during flood‐managed aquifer recharge","authors":"Zach Perzan, Kate Maher","doi":"10.1002/vzj2.20307","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/vzj2.20307","url":null,"abstract":"In water‐stressed regions of the world, the inundation of working landscapes to replenish aquifers—known as flood‐managed aquifer recharge (flood‐MAR)—has become a valuable tool for sustainable groundwater management. Due to their diverse land use histories, however, many potential recharge sites host nonpoint source contaminants (such as salts, pesticides, and fertilizers) within the vadose zone that may flush to groundwater during recharge operations. To identify the controls on contaminant migration, we perform stochastic simulations of flood‐MAR through a heterogeneous alluvial aquifer and apply transient particle tracking to evaluate conservative and reactive contaminant transport over 80 years of recharge operations. With semi‐annual recharge events, the water table begins to rise 0.13–1.84 years after the first inundation event while solutes take much longer (11 to 80 years) to transit the 45‐m thick unsaturated zone. We derive a parametric expression for the ratio of celerity (or rate of pressure transmission) to velocity of the flood‐MAR wetting front and show that this simplified expression agrees with values calculated from heterogeneous model simulations. Slow solute velocities (0.25–1.75 m year<jats:sup>−1</jats:sup>) allow for significant contaminant removal through denitrification, but the contaminant plume experiences minimal dispersion or dilution over this time, reaching the water table as a sharp front. Our results suggest that minimizing groundwater velocity and maximizing groundwater celerity during flood‐MAR should optimize increases in water supply while limiting water quality degradation.","PeriodicalId":23594,"journal":{"name":"Vadose Zone Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-02-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139953121","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Developments and applications of the HYDRUS computer software packages since 2016","authors":"Jiří Šimůnek, Giuseppe Brunetti, D. Jacques, M. V. van Genuchten, M. Šejna","doi":"10.1002/vzj2.20310","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/vzj2.20310","url":null,"abstract":"The HYDRUS codes have become standard tools for addressing many soil, agricultural, environmental, and hydrological problems requiring the evaluation of various subsurface physical, chemical, and biological processes. There are now many thousands of HYDRUS users worldwide, with thousands of applications of the HYDRUS models appearing in the peer‐reviewed literature. In this manuscript, we provide an overview of the capabilities of the most recent Version 5 of HYDRUS, focusing primarily on features implemented since 2016. We briefly describe the standard HYDRUS model and its standard and nonstandard specialized add‐on modules that significantly expand the capabilities of the software packages. The standard add‐on modules include HPx, UNSATCHEM, Wetland, Furrow, PFAS, COSMIC, DPU, SLOPE Cube, and Particle Tracking. Recent developments of the HYDRUS Package for MODFLOW are also described, along with additional capabilities incorporated into the graphical user interface supporting HYDRUS. Also discussed are new or improved options to simulate the fate and transport of environmental isotopes, multi‐cropping systems, compensated root water uptake, and hydraulic redistribution within the rootzone, which will be implemented in upcoming add‐on modules. Another objective is to review selected applications of the HYDRUS models, such as evaluations of various irrigation, low‐impact development (LID), and managed aquifer recharge (MAR) schemes.","PeriodicalId":23594,"journal":{"name":"Vadose Zone Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-02-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139838426","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring the artistic dimensions of soils in the vadose zone","authors":"Gerd Wessolek, Alexandra R. Toland","doi":"10.1002/vzj2.20308","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/vzj2.20308","url":null,"abstract":"The rise of industrialized agriculture, coupled with a global demographic shift toward urbanization, has marginalized every‐day connections between individuals and soils. This societal shift has led to a decline in the appreciation of and cultural identity with soils. Amid a broader movement aimed at fostering soil awareness and environmental action, many artists and designers have been instrumental in bringing soils to the cultural mainstream, figuring their esthetic, social, political, and ecological dimensions. Contemporary artists place great importance on the underlying idea of animating soils through artistic practice, often transcending the physical artifact itself to assign agency to soils and the myriad beings that occupy them. Artists harness a multitude of media to articulate human‐soil relationships. From the early environmental art movements of the 1960s and 1970s to contemporary works centered on urban and industrial brownfields, soils’ multifaceted roles in CO2 transformation, water and nutrient cycling, agriculture, and as living bodies buffering against pollution have become ground for public discourse. What could this mean for the vadose zone in terms of reflecting on material flows in porous media beyond understandings of soil physics? In this paper, we draw on over 20 years of experience in studying the portrayal of soil in various arts genres to deliberate the potential of creative thinking about and thinking with the vadose zone.","PeriodicalId":23594,"journal":{"name":"Vadose Zone Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-02-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139836858","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Developments and applications of the HYDRUS computer software packages since 2016","authors":"Jiří Šimůnek, Giuseppe Brunetti, D. Jacques, M. V. van Genuchten, M. Šejna","doi":"10.1002/vzj2.20310","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/vzj2.20310","url":null,"abstract":"The HYDRUS codes have become standard tools for addressing many soil, agricultural, environmental, and hydrological problems requiring the evaluation of various subsurface physical, chemical, and biological processes. There are now many thousands of HYDRUS users worldwide, with thousands of applications of the HYDRUS models appearing in the peer‐reviewed literature. In this manuscript, we provide an overview of the capabilities of the most recent Version 5 of HYDRUS, focusing primarily on features implemented since 2016. We briefly describe the standard HYDRUS model and its standard and nonstandard specialized add‐on modules that significantly expand the capabilities of the software packages. The standard add‐on modules include HPx, UNSATCHEM, Wetland, Furrow, PFAS, COSMIC, DPU, SLOPE Cube, and Particle Tracking. Recent developments of the HYDRUS Package for MODFLOW are also described, along with additional capabilities incorporated into the graphical user interface supporting HYDRUS. Also discussed are new or improved options to simulate the fate and transport of environmental isotopes, multi‐cropping systems, compensated root water uptake, and hydraulic redistribution within the rootzone, which will be implemented in upcoming add‐on modules. Another objective is to review selected applications of the HYDRUS models, such as evaluations of various irrigation, low‐impact development (LID), and managed aquifer recharge (MAR) schemes.","PeriodicalId":23594,"journal":{"name":"Vadose Zone Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-02-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139778697","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}