Ultrasonics最新文献

{"title":"Amplitude and phase modulation of SH waves by resonant scattering at PZT‐5A/BaTiO3 imperfect boundary","authors":"Koushik Maity ,&nbsp;Kshitish Ch Mistri ,&nbsp;Amrita Das ,&nbsp;Abhishek Kumar Singh","doi":"10.1016/j.ultras.2025.107929","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ultras.2025.107929","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study investigates the reflection and refraction behaviour of shear-horizontal (SH) waves at the interface of <span><math><mtext>PZT‐5A</mtext></math></span> and <span><math><msub><mtext>BaTiO</mtext><mn>3</mn></msub></math></span>. The interface is modelled by an electrically induced classical spring and a piezoelectric membrane. An analytical framework is used to assess how interfacial mechanical and electrical stiffnesses, together with piezoelectric coupling, influence the amplitude and phase of reflected and transmitted SH waves. Results indicate that increased mechanical stiffness amplifies reflected SH-wave intensity while diminishing refraction and electro-acoustic conversion, whereas stronger electrical coupling facilitates enhanced refraction with reduced reflection. Notably, resonance phenomena near grazing incidence yield pronounced amplitude peaks and abrupt phase shifts, highlighting the sensitivity of wave behaviour to incident angle and interfacial properties. These findings provide useful guidance for the design of acoustic filters, waveguides, sensors and non-destructive evaluation components, and may be extended to multilayered or frequency-dependent systems in future work.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23522,"journal":{"name":"Ultrasonics","volume":"161 ","pages":"Article 107929"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145842366","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Combined effects of 40 Hz ultrasound and light stimulation on neural oscillations and cognition","authors":"Minghui Gao ,&nbsp;Shixiong Zhang ,&nbsp;Shasha Yi ,&nbsp;Yiyue Zhu ,&nbsp;Wen Meng ,&nbsp;Hairong Zheng ,&nbsp;Zhengrong Lin ,&nbsp;Lili Niu","doi":"10.1016/j.ultras.2025.107923","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ultras.2025.107923","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Single-modality 40 Hz ultrasound stimulation or 40 Hz light stimulation have demonstrated the efficacy in improving cognitive function in Alzheimer’s disease (AD) mice. However, the therapeutic effect of combined 40 Hz ultrasound-light stimulation on AD-related cognitive deficits remain unexplored. To address this gap, we developed a 40 Hz dual-modality stimulation system comprising a dual-targeted holographic ultrasound transducer that enables precise, safe stimulation of the bilateral hippocampal CA1 regions, and a 40 Hz visual stimulation. In wild-type mice, acute 40 Hz ultrasound-light stimulation significantly increased gamma (30–100 Hz) power and cross-regional phase synchronization, revealing a stronger synergistic effect compared to unimodal (ultrasound or light alone) stimulation. In 5XFAD AD model mice, chronic 40 Hz ultrasound-light stimulation robustly improved spatial memory, enhanced gamma phase synchronization and reduced amyloid-β deposition. Our findings demonstrate that this dual-modality strategy serves as a powerful, noninvasive tool to effectively enhance gamma oscillations and mitigate Aβ accumulation, underscoring its promising potential for AD intervention.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23522,"journal":{"name":"Ultrasonics","volume":"160 ","pages":"Article 107923"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145811236","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Feasibility of deep learning-based cancer detection in ultrasound microvascular images","authors":"Kathlyne Jayne B. Bautista ,&nbsp;Thomas M. Kierski ,&nbsp;Isabel G. Newsome ,&nbsp;Hae Rim Lee ,&nbsp;Wesley R. Legant ,&nbsp;David S. Lalush ,&nbsp;Paul A. Dayton","doi":"10.1016/j.ultras.2025.107892","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ultras.2025.107892","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Acoustic angiography is a superharmonic contrast-enhanced ultrasound modality that maps 3-D microvasculature with fine spatial resolutions and has demonstrated potential to improve disease detection. However, the application of acoustic angiography for cancer detection currently faces challenges. Quantitative analysis relies on time-consuming, manual segmentation of individual vessels, and inter-operator variability limits reader-based discrimination. This feasibility study aims to address the limitations of current approaches with deep learning for efficient and accurate detection of tumor-associated vasculature <em>in vivo</em> and to validate against quantitative methods that evaluate vascular morphology. Convolutional neural networks (CNNs), namely EfficientNet, ResNet, and DenseNet, were trained on a newly collected dataset of acoustic angiography volumes (<em>n</em> = 195 with 98 controls and 97 tumors) in rodents using a nested cross-validation study. The best performing model, 3-D EfficientNet-B0, achieved a mean classification accuracy of 0.928 ± 0.034 with high sensitivity and specificity, comparable to previously published results. Comparison with quantitative methods in tumor cases showed correlation between high network attention regions and morphological features typically associated with malignant vessels, including increased density and tortuosity. These results highlight the efficiency and accuracy of end-to-end CNNs for tumor detection in acoustic angiography volumes, validated by known markers of malignancy.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23522,"journal":{"name":"Ultrasonics","volume":"160 ","pages":"Article 107892"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145570269","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Non-destructive characterization of mechanical properties using magnetostrictive magnetoacoustic conversion: Theory and experiment","authors":"Wenbo Cao ,&nbsp;Bin Wu ,&nbsp;Yuan Yuan ,&nbsp;Zhenghong Wang ,&nbsp;Xiang Gao ,&nbsp;Xiucheng Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.ultras.2025.107900","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ultras.2025.107900","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Mechanical properties are critical parameters of ferromagnetic materials and directly affect their structural reliability and functional stability. Ultrasonic characterization techniques based on the magnetostrictive effect have the advantages of non-contact and high sensitivity. However, the relationship between magnetoacoustic conversion efficiency (MCE) and mechanical properties lacks sufficient theoretical support and the intrinsic mechanism remains unclear. To provide theoretical support for this, a theoretical model of magnetostrictive magnetoacoustic conversion with different mechanical parameters was constructed in this study and the key factors affecting MCE were analyzed in detail for the first time. On this basis, a non-destructive characterization method of evaluating multiple mechanical parameters was developed. Finally, experimental validation was conducted with heat-treated 3Cr13 steel samples. Both theoretical and experimental results showed a significant linear correlation between the mechanical parameters and SH wave MCE curves measured with magnetostrictive transducers. The observed experimental phenomena were consistent with the predicted patterns from the model. This study enriched the magnetoacoustic conversion theory of magnetostrictive ultrasonic transducers and provided new insights into the non-contact and non-destructive characterization of mechanical properties.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23522,"journal":{"name":"Ultrasonics","volume":"160 ","pages":"Article 107900"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145605870","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bubble rising dynamics in a transverse ultrasonic standing wave field: Role of acoustic-induced viscous dissipation","authors":"Zeyang Xu ,&nbsp;Yuao Chai ,&nbsp;Liqiang Ma ,&nbsp;Chao Deng ,&nbsp;Yiyi Huo ,&nbsp;Yiding Zhu","doi":"10.1016/j.ultras.2025.107899","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ultras.2025.107899","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The dynamics of rising bubbles in water under a transversely oriented ultrasonic standing wave field was experimentally investigated. The acoustic field distribution was characterized using scanning focused laser differential interferometry (SFLDI). The bubbles’ trajectories were captured by high-speed imaging, from which velocities and accelerations were calculated. High-magnification particle image velocimetry (PIV) was employed to examine the surrounding flow field in detail. Results showed that bubbles in the presence of ultrasound (BPU) exhibited a 25%–56% velocity reduction compared to bubbles in the absence of ultrasound (BAU). Released from the tank bottom, BPU were immediately drawn by the transverse Bjerknes force and ascended along the nodal region of the standing waves. As BPU accelerated, they experienced a significant quasi-periodical deceleration–acceleration motion. PIV analysis revealed that this phenomenon was strongly correlated with increased boundary layer shear and enhanced vortex shedding, resulting in severe viscous dissipation induced by the acoustic field. These findings provided new insights for bubble manipulation in ultrasonic-assisted chemical engineering, mineral processing, and biomedical applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23522,"journal":{"name":"Ultrasonics","volume":"160 ","pages":"Article 107899"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145681578","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sparse spatial-partition probabilistic imaging method for debonding evaluation of composite wing leading edge using ultrasonic guided wave","authors":"Yuxi Zhang ,&nbsp;Qi Wu ,&nbsp;Hanqi Zhang ,&nbsp;Wulin Lan","doi":"10.1016/j.ultras.2025.107917","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ultras.2025.107917","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The composite wing leading edge (CWLE) is a critical component that determines the aerodynamic characteristics of airplanes operating in harsh environments. A large CWLE, composed of multiple material layers in a curved, sandwiched structure with varying thicknesses, is prone to debonding during both manufacturing and service. Conventional ultrasonic C-scans using bulk waves require extensive time for offline testing, making it essential to develop an efficient debonding evaluation method suitable for CWLE. This study implemented a pair of PZT arrays, functioning as excitation and reception arrays, in a section of CWLE at equal intervals to create sparse regions. A novel sparse spatial-partition probabilistic imaging method was proposed to localize debonding based on changes in ultrasonic guided waves, offering advantages of speed, baseline-free operation, and multi-feature fusion. Performance disparities among PZTs due to manufacturing and installation were addressed through comparison and compensation. The damage index of the guided wave was calculated by combining amplitude and arrival time, and the weight distribution of the sensing path, with different shape factors, was multiplied by the damage index to determine the regional probability. After determining the region with the highest probability, the probabilities on the paths between the PZT within this region and its opposing PZTs were given more weights, ultimately yielding a probability image that clearly pinpoints the debonding location. The debonding results were validated through CT scanning with a localization error of 5.02 mm. A comparison with conventional guided wave-based localization methods demonstrates that the proposed method achieves superior damage localization accuracy while maintaining equally high efficiency. The method is also validated under different measurement areas within a larger scale CWLE, showing the similar root mean square errors as that from the small scale CWLE. It suggests that the proposed method offers an efficient and accurate approach to debonding evaluation in complex material structures such as CWLE.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23522,"journal":{"name":"Ultrasonics","volume":"160 ","pages":"Article 107917"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145716002","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Acoustic manipulation for metal additive manufacturing powder sorting","authors":"Fei Ye ,&nbsp;Zhenchao Qiu ,&nbsp;Hongqing Dai ,&nbsp;Xin Zhou ,&nbsp;Duo Xu ,&nbsp;Lei Yan ,&nbsp;Ning Dai","doi":"10.1016/j.ultras.2025.107926","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ultras.2025.107926","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Metal additive manufacturing is a crucial technology in industries such as aerospace, energy, and automotive manufacturing. However, its further development is limited by powder utilization efficiency and material costs. In this study, we developed a phased array acoustic tweezer system to separate and sort metal powder materials used in additive manufacturing. Using the finite element method, we explored the advantages of phased arrays, analyzed the acoustic potential field and acoustic radiation force, and demonstrated the varying trajectories of different particles within the acoustic field. Our experiments demonstrated that phased array acoustic tweezers can alter particle trajectories and achieve separation of mixed powders of different sizes or densities. This acoustic manipulation platform can separate different particles without relying on additional physical properties of the particles like magnetic or electric fields, pioneering a novel method for the separation and sorting of micro-sized metal additive manufacturing powders.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23522,"journal":{"name":"Ultrasonics","volume":"160 ","pages":"Article 107926"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145782895","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"High-precision laser ultrasonic VMD-TFM imaging of surface defects on rough surfaces of additive manufactured Ti-6Al-4 V","authors":"Zhenlong Zhang ,&nbsp;Zhaoli Luo ,&nbsp;Fei Gao ,&nbsp;Yifan Zhang ,&nbsp;Lei Chen ,&nbsp;Bing Li","doi":"10.1016/j.ultras.2025.107925","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ultras.2025.107925","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Additive manufactured (AM) metallic components have been increasingly applied across various industries. However, due to rapid temperature gradients and non-uniform thermal stresses during fabrication, defects such as cracks and pores are prone to occur. Laser ultrasonic testing faces challenges in achieving high-precision detection and imaging of surface defects on AM components, as strong scattering effects induced by surface roughness introduce considerable high-frequency noise and severely reduce the signal-to-noise ratio of defect echoes. To overcome this limitation, a combined VMD-TFM imaging method is proposed for the detection and characterization of submillimeter-scale surface defects on rough surfaces of AM Ti-6Al-4 V components. The approach introduces the Total Focusing Method (TFM)—originally developed for phased-array ultrasonic—into laser ultrasonic, where delay-compensated and coherently summed signals enable high-resolution, full-coverage imaging of the inspection area. In addition, Variational Mode Decomposition (VMD) is employed as a preprocessing step to denoise and reconstruct the effective signal modes, thereby suppressing high-frequency speckle and artifacts induced by surface roughness and enhancing the imaging precision for submillimeter defects. Validation through 3D surface metrology microscope shows that the spatial overlap between the VMD-TFM imaging and actual defect locations exceed 80 %, with the absolute diameter errors remain below 0.08 mm, confirming the high resolution and reliability of the proposed algorithm. This method provides a new pathway for accurate surface-quality evaluation and establishes a technical foundation for integrating laser ultrasonic testing into real-time monitoring and feedback control in additive manufacturing processes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23522,"journal":{"name":"Ultrasonics","volume":"160 ","pages":"Article 107925"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145764302","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A new correlation model for ultrasonic attenuation in polycrystals with broad grain size distributions","authors":"Ningyue Sheng,&nbsp;Shahram Khazaie","doi":"10.1016/j.ultras.2025.107924","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ultras.2025.107924","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Ultrasonic characterization of polycrystalline materials is traditionally based on a single-exponential two-point correlation function (TPCF). However, industrial metallic polycrystals often exhibit a wide grain size distribution, for which the classical analytical scattering-induced attenuation frameworks fail to reproduce the experimental measurements. In this paper, we introduce a new closed-form TPCF that embeds the full volumetric grain size distribution through an analytic convolution of spherical grain statistics. The resulting expression naturally reduces to the classical spherical TPCF when the distribution width tends to zero. Coupling this TPCF with Weaver’s framework for elastic wave attenuation produces frequency-dependent attenuation formulas that depend on the first two moments of the grain size distribution. To evaluate the robustness of the proposed model, we generated synthetic aluminum microstructures that span a wide range of coefficients of variation of grain sizes. TPCFs measured from Laguerre–Voronoi tessellation-based microstructures closely match our predictions across a wide range of coefficients of variations (CVs) from moderate to large, whereas other models systematically misestimate the correlation for large CVs. By conducting a series of comparisons with semi-analytical, numerical, and experimental attenuation coefficients reported in the literature, we show the robustness of our model. The proposed formulation, therefore, extends ultrasonic scattering theory to polycrystals with realistically broad grain size distributions, supplying a physically interpretable bridge between measurable grain statistics and macroscopic wave attenuation. This advance opens the door to nondestructive, distribution-aware inversion of microstructural parameters in polycrystalline materials.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23522,"journal":{"name":"Ultrasonics","volume":"160 ","pages":"Article 107924"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145736366","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Modeling and simulation of zero-group-velocity combined harmonic generated by two counter-directional Lamb waves mixing in an adhesively bonded plate","authors":"Han Chen ,&nbsp;Mingxi Deng ,&nbsp;Yan Chen ,&nbsp;Guangjian Gao ,&nbsp;Yunshan Bai","doi":"10.1016/j.ultras.2025.107889","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ultras.2025.107889","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The zero-group-velocity (ZGV) mode of Lamb waves exhibits unique characteristics, where acoustic energy is trapped within localized regions of the waveguide. Previous research has established that ZGV combined harmonics — generated through the nonlinear interaction of frequency mixing response (FMR) — serve as highly sensitive tools for probing local material nonlinearity. In this study, we present a modeling and numerical analysis of ZGV combined harmonics produced by the mixing of two counter-directional Lamb waves in an adhesively bonded plate, explicitly considering the influence of interfacial properties on FMR efficiency. Based on theoretical analysis, a specific Lamb wave mode triplet is selected to ensure satisfaction of the internal resonance condition. The generation of ZGV combined harmonics at the sum frequency, arising from the interaction of counter-propagating Lamb waves within the plate, is systematically modeled. The results indicate that the efficiency of combined-harmonic generation for sensitive response correlates with the acoustic energy trapping characteristics of ZGV modes. Critically, the spatial location accuracy of the wave mixing phenomenon depends on the central position of the interaction zone rather than its length. Thus, there is no requirement to optimize the mixing zone length for both spatial resolution and signal clarity simultaneously; this inherent balance enhances the applicability of FMR-based nonlinear methods. Finite element (FE) simulations demonstrated that localized interfacial degradation can be detected and characterized by scanning the wave mixing zone of the two primary Lamb waves. The numerical analysis further validated the method’s capability to identify multiple localized degradations with varying severity and length in bonded structures. This work elucidates the physical mechanisms underlying ZGV combined-harmonic generation in adhesively bonded plates and presents a promising approach for non-destructive assessment of interfacial integrity via counter-directional Lamb wave mixing.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23522,"journal":{"name":"Ultrasonics","volume":"160 ","pages":"Article 107889"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145557855","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}