Vnitrni lekarstvi最新文献_第4页

Optimal vascular access to hemodialysis, or what modern medicine offers us. 血液透析的最佳血管通路，或者说现代医学为我们提供了什么。

Vnitrni lekarstvi Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.36290/vnl.2023.011

Ondřej Hloch, Jan Brož, Jan Masopust, Dana Mokrá, Martin Souček, Sabina Pálová, Karel Vik, Ondřej Pátek, Jiří Charvát

引用次数: 0

Pain treatment options for osteoarthritis. 骨关节炎的疼痛治疗方案。

Vnitrni lekarstvi Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.36290/vnl.2023.019

Olga Šléglová

{"title":"Pain treatment options for osteoarthritis.","authors":"Olga Šléglová","doi":"10.36290/vnl.2023.019","DOIUrl":"10.36290/vnl.2023.019","url":null,"abstract":"Osteoarthritis is one of the most common diseases of the joints and spine and is characterized by degenerative changes starting in the cartilage. Joint changes cause pain, stiffness, swelling, and a loss of normal joint function. Several international recommendations address the choice of treatment methods for osteoarthritis. However, because there is still no effective causal treatment leading to a remission of the disease, this is a complex issue. Even the possibilities of effective but safe treatment of pain, which is the most common problem accompanying osteoarthritis, are very limited. All current international recommendations for the treatment of osteoarthritis agree on the crucial role of non-pharmacological treatment and the choice of a comprehensive approach to the treatment of osteoarthritis. Pharmacological treatment includes non-opioid analgesics, opioids, symptomatic slow-acting osteoarthritis drugs, or intra-articular corticosteroids. A new trend is to maximize the potential of existing analgesics by combining them. Using drugs from different classes with complementary mechanisms of action provides a better opportunity for effective analgesia at reduced doses of individual agents. The use of fixed combinations is also advantageous.","PeriodicalId":23501,"journal":{"name":"Vnitrni lekarstvi","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9421119","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

In the prevention of dementia, the focus should be on early and consistent treatment of hypertension. 在预防痴呆症方面，重点应放在早期和持续治疗高血压上。

Vnitrni lekarstvi Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.36290/vnl.2023.047

Miroslav Souček

{"title":"In the prevention of dementia, the focus should be on early and consistent treatment of hypertension.","authors":"Miroslav Souček","doi":"10.36290/vnl.2023.047","DOIUrl":"10.36290/vnl.2023.047","url":null,"abstract":"The brain is among the target organs of hypertension. Patients with hypertension have a higher risk of developing stroke as well as experiencing a decline in cognitive functions and dementia. Changes in the white matter and atrophy of the grey matter of the brain induced by high blood pressure develop insidiously since the onset of hypertension, even in young individuals. The effect of high blood pressure on the vessel wall cumulates in time; therefore, hypertension in younger people implies an increased risk of dementia in older age. Hypertension in young age cannot be considered a benign condition. Hypertension in middle age increases the risk of dementia by 61 %. Consistent and early hypertension control can reverse the adverse development towards dementia and lack of self-sufficiency in the patient. Data comparing individual antihypertensive drugs in terms of preventing dementia are scarce. However, renin angiotensin system blockers have been found to protect against Alzheimer's disease more than other classes of antihypertensive drugs. To achieve rapid and effective hypertension control, a combination of antihypertensive drugs is usually required. Using a fixed-dose triple combination of perindopril, indapamide, and amlodipine, blood pressure targets of < 130/80 mm Hg can be achieved within three months in 93 % of patients.","PeriodicalId":23501,"journal":{"name":"Vnitrni lekarstvi","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9845274","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Critical care for multimorbid patients. 多发病患者的重症监护。

Vnitrni lekarstvi Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.36290/vnl.2023.029

Marcela Královcová, Thomas Karvunidis, Martin Matějovič

引用次数: 0

The patient with acute vertigo - the role of clinical examination and imaging. 急性眩晕患者的临床检查和影像学作用。

Vnitrni lekarstvi Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.36290/vnl.2023.067

Lukáš Martinkovič

引用次数: 0

Internal comorbidities and complications of multiple sclerosis therapy - don't be caught off guard! 多发性硬化症治疗的内部合并症和并发症——不要措手不及！

Vnitrni lekarstvi Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.36290/vnl.2023.058

Dominika Šťastná, Jana Seňavová, Michaela Andělová, Ingrid Menkyová, Otakar Pšenička, Dana Horáková

{"title":"Internal comorbidities and complications of multiple sclerosis therapy - don't be caught off guard!","authors":"Dominika Šťastná, Jana Seňavová, Michaela Andělová, Ingrid Menkyová, Otakar Pšenička, Dana Horáková","doi":"10.36290/vnl.2023.058","DOIUrl":"10.36290/vnl.2023.058","url":null,"abstract":"Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic autoimmune disease of the central nervous system, mainly affecting young adults. Factors positively influencing its course include early antiinflammatory treatment and the influencing of other comorbidities. The most common comorbidities occurring in MS patients with a higher frequency than in the general population are neurological, psychiatric, cardiovascular, metabolic and autoimmune. Just as comorbidity compensation affects the course of MS, in some cases, MS decompensation is associated with a worse course of associated diseases. Due to common risk factors and partially shared immunopathogenesis, treatment covering multiple conditions can be used, especially for some autoimmune diseases. On the other hand, some drugs may potentiate the development of other autoimmunity or disorder. A special topic is the side effects and complications of treatment (especially infections and malignancies) of disease-modifying therapies used in patients with MS. However, the potential treatment discontinuation carries significant risks and should always be discussed with the MS specialist. Therefore, close interdisciplinary collaboration is crucial.","PeriodicalId":23501,"journal":{"name":"Vnitrni lekarstvi","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41214163","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Diabetes mellitus urological complication. 糖尿病泌尿系统并发症。

Vnitrni lekarstvi Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.36290/vnl.2023.026

Miroslava Ryšánková

引用次数: 0

Initial use of subcutaneous plasma-derived C1 inhibitor in prophylaxis of acute attacks of hereditary angioedema in pregnant patients in Slovakia. 斯洛伐克首次使用皮下血浆衍生 C1 抑制剂预防妊娠患者遗传性血管性水肿急性发作。

Vnitrni lekarstvi Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.36290/vnl.2023.050

Katarína Hrubišková, Miloš Jeseňák, Juraj Payer

引用次数: 0

Implementation of Point‑of‑Care ultrasound examination in general practice. 在全科医疗中实施护理点超声波检查。

Vnitrni lekarstvi Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.36290/vnl.2023.045

David Halata, Dušan Zhoř, Roman S Kulec

{"title":"Implementation of Point‑of‑Care ultrasound examination in general practice.","authors":"David Halata, Dušan Zhoř, Roman S Kulec","doi":"10.36290/vnl.2023.045","DOIUrl":"10.36290/vnl.2023.045","url":null,"abstract":"Point-of-Care ultrasonography (POCUS) is a method defined as a targeted ultrasound examination of patients with acute symptoms or syndromes that can be diagnosed by a healthcare worker at a site. The aim is to answer a specific diagnostic or therapeutic question or to ease the therapeutic procedure. Recently in Europe, there has been an increase in implementing POCUS in many medical fields including primary health care. The Czech Society of General Practice (SVL ČLS JEP) has for several years been watching the use of POCUS in primary care in many European countries. In August 2020, the committee of the Czech Society of General Practice charged the Working Group for ultrasound in primary care to start a project POCUS iGP - POCUS Implementation in General Practice aiming for the implementation of POCUS into daily practice in general medicine. An ultrasound device is required, as well as setting up the education and training courses with follow up courses and a consensual curriculum of skills, securing quality control mechanisms, proving with scientific evidence the reliability of POCUS when provided by GPs and setting up the final rules of competency and payment for performance. The current international trend of patient centred care in primary health settings and increasing competencies of GPs emphasises a need to implement new point of care diagnostic methods. One of which is point of care ultrasonography. Scientific outcomes and published data from primary care and other fields of medicine show that even doctors who do not work in radiology departments are after a relatively short course able to independently provide POCUS examinations with high reliability. Establishment of the Czech Multidisciplinary Task Force Group for standards, education and research in Pointof- Care ultrasound support development of the POCUS implementation.","PeriodicalId":23501,"journal":{"name":"Vnitrni lekarstvi","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9844805","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Clinical microbiology and its role in current medicine. 临床微生物学及其在当前医学中的作用。

Vnitrni lekarstvi Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.36290/vnl.2023.010

Milan Kolář

引用次数: 0