Eslam Abdelhamid Younis, Omar Zayed, Ahmed Elezab, M. Ibrahim, M. Narimani
{"title":"Transformer Design for Solid-State Transformer (SST)-Based EV Charging Station Applications","authors":"Eslam Abdelhamid Younis, Omar Zayed, Ahmed Elezab, M. Ibrahim, M. Narimani","doi":"10.1109/ITEC55900.2023.10187097","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ITEC55900.2023.10187097","url":null,"abstract":"Solid-state transformers (SSTs) are extensively studied nowadays to replace the line-frequency transformers (LFT) in various applications such as EV charging stations. The SST technology provides more controllability over the system, has the ability of power factor correction, and drastically reduces the size and weight of the whole system thanks to the medium-frequency transformer (MFT) used instead of LFT. In this paper, an optimized design tool is developed to design a 100 kW, 20 kHz transformer to be used in an SST-based EV charging station. The tool takes the system specifications as an input from the user then chooses the optimal core, number of turns, and Litz wire, to accelerate the design process. Two scaled-down 5 kW MFTs are implemented. The first was designed using the commonly used method in literature which ensures no saturation occurs in the core and limits the core losses to a certain value. Then, the transformer designed based on the developed tool is compared with the conventional design in terms of volume and efficiency. The transformer is also implemented and tested to compare the leakage inductance with the analytical and simulated values.","PeriodicalId":234784,"journal":{"name":"2023 IEEE Transportation Electrification Conference & Expo (ITEC)","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115375559","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Hannes Bydén, Eric Bourniche, Gabriel Domingues, M. Alaküla, Arnaud Leblay, F. Marquez
{"title":"Electro-thermal Models of Power Modules for Stochastic Optimization of Inverters","authors":"Hannes Bydén, Eric Bourniche, Gabriel Domingues, M. Alaküla, Arnaud Leblay, F. Marquez","doi":"10.1109/ITEC55900.2023.10187060","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ITEC55900.2023.10187060","url":null,"abstract":"Stochastic optimization methods are commonly used in the design process of power electronic systems. These require models of crucial parts of the system which are both scalable and computationally efficient. This paper presents thermal models for traction inverter power modules based on scalable chip area that provide high speed of execution and accuracy. The thermal model includes chip-chip interaction, heat spreading and the effects of chip density inside the package. For single-sided modules the temperature error is within 5 % for single chip modules and 17% for multi chip modules compared to 3D FEM results","PeriodicalId":234784,"journal":{"name":"2023 IEEE Transportation Electrification Conference & Expo (ITEC)","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124288214","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Thermal Evaluation of Stator Liner and Winding Insulation in Power Traction Motors","authors":"Hasnain Nisar, A. Mirza, A. Bazzi","doi":"10.1109/ITEC55900.2023.10187056","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ITEC55900.2023.10187056","url":null,"abstract":"Induction motors are widely used in Electric Vehicles (EVs). In this paper, we simulate a finite element model (FEM) of an induction motor, similar to those used in EV applications, in Ansys Motor-CAD and evaluate its performance under state-of-the-art winding and slot liner insulation materials. We also compare the motor's thermal performance and torque capability with a new insulation material that combines the best qualities of winding and slot insulation into slot liner insulation. Simulation results of 12 different test cases are presented for three winding insulation materials and four slot liner materials. In additional to random winding, the most effective insulation material is also validated on hairpin windings.","PeriodicalId":234784,"journal":{"name":"2023 IEEE Transportation Electrification Conference & Expo (ITEC)","volume":"158 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116888600","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Optimal Battery Size and Charging Power Level Design for Off-Road Construction Equipment Considering Battery Weight and Real-World Activity Constraints","authors":"Fuad Un-Noor, G. Scora, K. Boriboonsomsin","doi":"10.1109/ITEC55900.2023.10187023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ITEC55900.2023.10187023","url":null,"abstract":"Electrification of heavy-duty off-road construction equipment is lagging behind of on-road vehicles. Energy needs of these equipment vary greatly across types, sizes, and usage. Thus, determining equipment types feasible for electrification by taking real-world activity into account is crucial. This paper presents a methodology to determine the optimal battery sizes and charging power levels for 31 pieces of construction equipment across eight types based on their real-world, in-use operational data. The proposed methodology also accounts for additional tractive energy consumption due to battery weight. The results show that 16 out of the 31 pieces studied can be battery electrified with current technology. Results also show variation in required battery sizes and charging power levels within and across equipment types due to differing levels of activity and energy demand. The proposed methodology can also be applied to other types of off-road equipment to assess their feasibility for electrification.","PeriodicalId":234784,"journal":{"name":"2023 IEEE Transportation Electrification Conference & Expo (ITEC)","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126115726","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sohaib Qazi, P. Venugopal, G. Rietveld, A. Watson, P. Wheeler, T. Soeiro
{"title":"An Adaptive and Multifunctional DC-DC Converter for Onshore Ship Charging","authors":"Sohaib Qazi, P. Venugopal, G. Rietveld, A. Watson, P. Wheeler, T. Soeiro","doi":"10.1109/ITEC55900.2023.10187075","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ITEC55900.2023.10187075","url":null,"abstract":"Maritime electrification is a critical upgrade to enable sustainable and environmentally friendly shipping. Therefore, in recent years, there has been a significant interest in the development of battery-based boats and ferries. A key element for the reliable operation of these vessels is the onshore charging interface. Unlike in electric cars, the onboard power system and the operating voltage in different vessels can vary over a significantly large range. Therefore, the development of a multi-functional charging unit can be challenging. This paper proposes a new power electronics converter that comprises an adaptable charging interface that can operate efficiently over a very wide range of output voltage, and deliver power to different vessels. Simulation results are presented to illustrate the operation of the proposed circuit.","PeriodicalId":234784,"journal":{"name":"2023 IEEE Transportation Electrification Conference & Expo (ITEC)","volume":"44 3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123803165","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"An Innovative Method for Short Circuit Protection of a Three-Phase MOSFET Power Inverter","authors":"Naser Pour Aryan, B. Vogler, Thomas Ziegler","doi":"10.1109/ITEC55900.2023.10186969","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ITEC55900.2023.10186969","url":null,"abstract":"An innovative mechanism for short circuit protection (VDS-monitoring of each power switch) of a three-phase MOSFET power inverter system driving an electric motor is presented. This method features a novel filter which is added to the VDS-monitoring circuit of the state-of-the-art inverter. Its application drastically reduces manufacturing costs and complexity. It has been implemented in hardware and tested successfully in the field on inverter/motor combinations on forklifts and other electric vehicles. The method has been patented at German Patent and Trade Mark Office [8].","PeriodicalId":234784,"journal":{"name":"2023 IEEE Transportation Electrification Conference & Expo (ITEC)","volume":"82 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116569311","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Vinícius Augusto De Abreu Batista, M. V. de Paula, Paulo Robson Melo Costa, Bruna Aderbal De Oliveira, T. A. dos Santos Barros
{"title":"Multiobjective Grey Wolf Optimization of Firing Angles for SRM Drives","authors":"Vinícius Augusto De Abreu Batista, M. V. de Paula, Paulo Robson Melo Costa, Bruna Aderbal De Oliveira, T. A. dos Santos Barros","doi":"10.1109/ITEC55900.2023.10186975","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ITEC55900.2023.10186975","url":null,"abstract":"The performance of Switched Reluctance Motor (SRM) drives is highly connected to the driving angles. In this paper, an algorithm $text{is}$ proposed to ensure optimal SRM performance. A multi-objective grey wolf optimization is implemented to determine the Pareto frontier that includes a trade-off between efficiency and torque ripple. Sensitivity analyses are performed after the completion of the optimization step to understand the influence of driving angles on the performance of the SRM. The results show that the proposed optimization algorithm is efficient in locating the optimal control parameters in the entire operating speed range, returning an R2 of 98% in comparison to the benchmark.","PeriodicalId":234784,"journal":{"name":"2023 IEEE Transportation Electrification Conference & Expo (ITEC)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122948325","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Manoj Kumar Cebol Sundarrajan, Jesse Bennett, D. Scoffield, Kalpesh Chaudhari, A. Meintz, Timothy D. Pennington, Bo Zhang
{"title":"Performance and Implementation Requirements for Residential EV Smart Charge Management Strategies","authors":"Manoj Kumar Cebol Sundarrajan, Jesse Bennett, D. Scoffield, Kalpesh Chaudhari, A. Meintz, Timothy D. Pennington, Bo Zhang","doi":"10.1109/ITEC55900.2023.10186998","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ITEC55900.2023.10186998","url":null,"abstract":"As the electrification of transportation expands, electric vehicle (EV) charging as residential loads will continue to grow. Residential EV charging has the potential to increase feeder peak loads and decrease voltage quality. As a result of this growing energy demand driven by EV, utilities may employ the use of smart charge management (SCM) controls to modify charging load profiles and mitigate these grid impacts. It is important that utilities understand both the potential benefits-as well as possible implementation challenges-before considering this technology as a solution to managing growing EV loads. In order for an SCM strategy to be an effective solution, the potential benefits must outweigh the implementation challenges. This study establishes and tests a novel framework to assess the implementation requirements of different SCM controls. It identifies a range of requirements specific to various SCM controls and implementation approaches to compare the relative challenges associated with the deployment of each. When paired with analysis on the effectiveness of the ability of each control to mitigate grid impacts from EV charging, this assessment is critical in comparing the value potential of different SCM controls.","PeriodicalId":234784,"journal":{"name":"2023 IEEE Transportation Electrification Conference & Expo (ITEC)","volume":"17 1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114284192","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Incremental State-of-Charge determination of a Lithium-ion battery based on Capacity update using Particle Filtering framework","authors":"Shreyansh Chouhan, Arijit Guha","doi":"10.1109/ITEC55900.2023.10186967","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ITEC55900.2023.10186967","url":null,"abstract":"State-of-Charge (SOC) is considered as one of the key components of a Battery Management System (BMS), which provides an indication of the remaining charge in a battery. Accurate SOC measurement facilitates longer battery life and mitigates any possible catastrophic battery failure. However, accurate estimation of the battery SOC continues to be a challenging task. There are several topologies to find the SOC of a battery but none of them incorporates the aging factor of a battery due to repeated usage. Considering this fact, the proposed methodology considers the degrading capacity impacts on the incremental SOC of a battery. Incremental SOC is defined as the difference in SOC levels between two successive time intervals. The proposed model is developed based on Particle filtering (PF) framework which eliminates the need of extensive data. In the proposed approach, the incremental SOC has been considered as an indirect indication of the battery health. For validation purpose, battery data from NASA PCoE has been used. The proposed approach revealed that when battery capacity degradation is considered, a correction of 8.73 % (absolute) in incremental SOC is observed, and prediction of incremental SOC with relative error of 1.23 % in reference to the improved incremental SOC was achieved.","PeriodicalId":234784,"journal":{"name":"2023 IEEE Transportation Electrification Conference & Expo (ITEC)","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128602870","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Impacts of Battery Capacity Degradation on Optimizing BEBs Transit System Configuration","authors":"Ali Shehabeldeen, A. Foda, M. Mohamed","doi":"10.1109/ITEC55900.2023.10186983","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ITEC55900.2023.10186983","url":null,"abstract":"Implementing battery electric buses (BEBs) in transit is considered a sustainable mobility means. However, various planning and operational challenges impede the full adoption of BEBs. Currently, BEB system optimization practice assumes that BEBs will deliver the same performance (battery capacity) over the entire service lifespan. However, BEBs' batteries will degrade over time, leading to a limited operating range. As such, the present study addresses the impact of BEBs' battery degradation on the BEB system infrastructure and component sizing optimization. The study develops a multi-stage optimization model to optimize BEB infrastructure and component sizing, considering battery degradation over the transit system service lifespan. The trade-off between adding charging infrastructure and/or battery replacement is assessed. The results show that adding more charging piles is more cost-effective than replacing the batteries for small hup-and-spoke transit networks. The results also show some insights to improve the adoption of BEBs in transit.","PeriodicalId":234784,"journal":{"name":"2023 IEEE Transportation Electrification Conference & Expo (ITEC)","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121167521","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}