Pan African Journal of Life Sciences最新文献

{"title":"Trichomoniasis among Pregnant Women Attending Ante-Natal Clinic in Eket, Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria","authors":"L. E. Udofia, E. E. Owowo","doi":"10.36108/pajols/2202/60.0290","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36108/pajols/2202/60.0290","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Trichomoniasis is a sexually transmitted disease detrimental to pregnant women. They are prone to vaginal pH increase during pregnancy, creating a conducive environment for the parasite. This study assessed the prevalence of Trichomonas vaginalis among pregnant women attending an ante-natal clinic in Immanuel General Hospital Eket, Akwa Ibom State.\u0000Methods: Pre-designed questionnaires were administered to randomly selected pregnant women aged 18-49. High vaginal swabs were collected from each participant, and T. vaginalis was diagnosed using wet mount and Giemsa-stained microscopy method.\u0000Results: Of the 200 samples collected, 28 (14%) were positive for Trichomonas vaginalis. The infection was highest among the age group 26-35 years, with a prevalence of 22 (78.57%). A higher prevalence of 16 (57.14%) was observed among women with elevated vaginal pH (>4.5) than those with lower pH (<4.5). The distribution of T. vaginalis by clinical manifestation revealed that all the positive women (28; 27.7%) had vaginal discharge and 11(14.3%) experienced itching. Few women experienced Dysuria (4;22.2%) and Dyspareunia (2; 10%). Chi-square analysis showed a significant difference in the age group (p< 0.05).\u0000Conclusions: Routine screening of all pregnant women is recommended so that appropriate treatment can be administered early to avoid childbirth complications due to this disease. There is also a need for routine health talks on personal hygiene and safe sex practices.","PeriodicalId":234626,"journal":{"name":"Pan African Journal of Life Sciences","volume":"1113 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127206905","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Time-Dependent Influence of Sphenocentrum jollyanum Pierre on Neuro-Hepatic Mitochondrial Metabolizing Enzymes in Male Wistar Rats","authors":"J. Fatoki","doi":"10.36108/pajols/2202/60.0130","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36108/pajols/2202/60.0130","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The use of herbal concoctions as a means of medication with no regard for quality assurance and toxicological study increases daily. Meanwhile, cases of accidental poisoning due to consumption of herbal concoctions had been previously reported. The present study aims to evaluate the effect of Sphenocentrum jollyanum Pierre methanolic leaf extract on mitochondrial metabolizing enzymes in the brain and liver\u0000Methods: Fresh leaf of Sphenocentrum jollyanum Pierre was collected at Igbajo, South West, Nigeria. The methanolic extract of the leave was administered at varying doses of 200, 400, and 600 mg/kg for 14, 28, and 42 days respectively. The liver and brain were excised from the rat after the last administration, and mitochondrial metabolizing enzymes were assessed in the brain and liver samples of the rat\u0000Results: The Hepatic Succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) activity was up-regulated at 200mg/kg-600mg/kg (28days) and 200-600mg/kg (42days), while other doses had no significant SDH activity. Malate dehydrogenase (MDH) activity increased at all doses, with its peak activity observed at 600mg/kg (42days). Increased hepatic Complex I+III activity was observed at all doses, with its peak at 200mg/kg(42days). Furthermore, the activity of hepatic Complex II+III was upregulated at all doses of administration. Liver Complex IV activity significantly increased at 400mg/kg (28days) instead of the declined activity recorded at other doses. Neural SDH activity increased at all doses. MDH activity significantly decreased at all doses except at 200mg/kg (28days) and 600mg/kg (42days). There was an observed up-regulation of neural Complex I+III activity at all doses; Complex II+III activity increased\u0000at all doses. Neural Complex IV activity increased significantly at 400-600mg/kg (42days). All data are relative to control.\u0000Conclusion: Data from this study indicate perturbations (increase and decrease) in the neuro-hepatic mitochondrial metabolizing enzymes","PeriodicalId":234626,"journal":{"name":"Pan African Journal of Life Sciences","volume":"102 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124672402","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence and Risk Factors Associated with Extended-spectrum β-lactamase-Producing Bac­teria among Pregnant Women Attending Three Secondary Health Care Facilities in Nigeria","authors":"F. Uyanga, E. Nwankwo","doi":"10.36108/pajols/2202/60.0180","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36108/pajols/2202/60.0180","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Extended- spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBL) are enzymes produced by members of the En­terobacteriaceae which can hydrolyse the beta-lactam antibiotics like penicillins and cephalosporins and thereby confer antibiotic resistance on strains producing them. Bacterial isolates producing ESBLs have spread around the world. The ESBLs are encoded by several genetic elements on the chromosome and plas­mids. This study was carried out to determine the prevalence of ESBL producing Gram-negative bacteria and their risk factors in pregnant women attending antenatal care at three General Hospitals in Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria.\u0000\u0000Methods: 660 urine specimens were collected from the women between July and December 2018. The specimens were inoculated on MacConkey agar and incubated at 370C for 24h. The biochemical characteri­sation of the isolates was done using the Microbact 24E (Oxoid Ltd, UK). Antibiotic susceptibility testing was done by the Kirby-Bauer disc agar diffusion method. The isolates were tested for the production of ESBL using a Double Disc. Synergy test and CHROMagar ESBL\u0000\u0000Results: A total of 252 isolates comprising 231(92%) ESBL producers were recorded. In this study, Entero­bacter cloacae was the most frequently isolated ESBL producer (25.7%), followed by Escherichia coli (20.2%) and Klebsiella pneumoniae (16.3 %). The most relevant risk factors for ESBL producing bacteria were previous use of antibiotics (p< 0.05), personal hygiene (p< 0.05) and history of catheterisation (p< 0.05).\u0000\u0000Conclusion: This calls for urgent public health measures to implement antimicrobial resistance stewardship to mitigate against the potential adverse effects of the spread of resistant bacteria which are vital in manag­ing severe bacterial infections","PeriodicalId":234626,"journal":{"name":"Pan African Journal of Life Sciences","volume":"36 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133416903","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Haemoparasites and Polyparasitism of Intestinal Helminths among Cattle Slaughtered in Selected Abattoirs in Abeokuta, Ogun State.","authors":"Oluwadamilare Dauda","doi":"10.36108/pajols/2202/60.0150","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36108/pajols/2202/60.0150","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Haemoparasites and intestinal helminths are significant constraints to livestock production resulting in substantial economic loss, and some helminth parasites of cattle are of serious public health concern. This study investigated the prevalence of haemoparasites and polyparasitism of intestinal helminths amongst cattle slaughtered in two major abattoirs of Abeokuta metropolis and their implications for public health.\u0000Methods: Blood and faecal samples were randomly collected from 256 cattle less than two and greater than two years of age. Blood samples were screened for Packed Cell Volume (PCV) using the haematocrit centrifuge technique and parasites were detected by microscopy using a wet mount, buffy coat and stained thin smear. Helminth eggs and oocysts were detected using centrifugal sedimentation and centrifugal faecal flotation method.\u0000Results: Results showed prevalence for Trypanosoma spp., Babesia spp., Anaplasma spp. and Theileria spp. to be 8.3%, 27.34%, 20.7% and 0.39%, respectively. For intestinal parasites, the prevalence for Strongyle eggs is 73.82%, Neoascaris vitulorum 0.8%, Fasciola spp. 10.15%, Moniezia spp. 4.3%, Eimeria oocyst 35.94% and Cryptosporidium oocyst was 1.17%. The total prevalence of coinfection of haemoparasite and intestinal helminths was 42.6%. Breed-specific prevalence for co-infection of haemoparasites and intestinal parasites showed 55.96%, 37.6% and 6.4% for White Fulani, Red Bororo and Sokoto Gudali, respectively which was statistically insignificant (p > 0.05). With regards to sex, females had a higher prevalence of 92 (84.4%) of coinfection of haemoparasites and intestinal helminths than males 17 (15.6%), which was statistically significant (p<0.05).\u0000Conclusion: This study revealed a high prevalence of haemoparasites and intestinal parasites in cattle slaughtered in Abeokuta, Nigeria. Therefore, the study recommends strict compliance with meat inspection at abattoirs and the need for immediate operationalisation and implementation of a sustainable Preventive One Health intervention to mitigate against the outbreak of zoonoses in Abeokuta.","PeriodicalId":234626,"journal":{"name":"Pan African Journal of Life Sciences","volume":"2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130730016","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Neutralizing Potency of Moringa oleifera Lam. Leaves Against Causus maculatus (Night Adder) Venom-induced Toxicity in Rats","authors":"B. S. Ajisebiola","doi":"10.36108/pajols/2202/60.0110","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36108/pajols/2202/60.0110","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Moringa oleifera is a medicinal plant with numerous pharmacological actions against many diseases, including snakebite. To date, there is no report on the anti-venom effects of M. oleifera leaf against Causus maculatus envenomation. Thus, the impact of M. oleifera leaves were investigated against the toxic effects of C. maculatus venom.\u0000Methods: In this study, the ethanol leaf extract of M. oleifera was partitioned using n-hexane and ethyl acetate thereafter, the efficacies of solvent fractions on C. maculatus-envenomed rats and some biological activities of the venom were investigated. The lethal dose (LD50) of the venom was determined in rats. Subsequently, the antivenom effects of solvent fractions of M. oleifera extract against envenoming and some biological activities of C. maculatus venom were evaluated.\u0000Results: The venom’s acute toxicity (LD50) was estimated to be 2.9 mg/kg-1. In a dose-dependent manner, M. oleifera inhibited heamolytic and heamorrhagic activities of Causus maculatus venom. Also, acute anemia and thrombocytopenia induced by the venom were reversed after treatment with ethanol and n-hexane solvent fractions of M. oleifera extract. Furthermore, M. oleifera ameliorated various histopathological defects observed in tissues of vital organs of envenomed treated rats.\u0000Conclusion: Results demonstrated that M. oleifera leaves could serve as an anti-snake agent against toxicities induced by C. maculatus venom","PeriodicalId":234626,"journal":{"name":"Pan African Journal of Life Sciences","volume":"48 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126652760","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A five-year prospective study of the Aetiology, Pattern of Presentation, and Management of patients with burns in Ekiti State University Teaching Hospital","authors":"I. Kadiri","doi":"10.36108/pajols/2202/60.0160","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36108/pajols/2202/60.0160","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Burns constitute a significant public health problem worldwide, with most reported mortalities occurring in low and medium-income countries (LMICs). Therefore, this study aimed to generate epidemiological data on the aetiologies, patterns of presentations, and outcomes of burn injuries in Ado Ekiti, the capital of Ekiti State.\u0000\u0000Methodology: This was a five-year prospective study of all patients with burns managed at Ekiti State University Teaching Hospital. The required information was entered into a hospital-based burn data collection form from admission to discharge. The data generated were exported to IBM SPSS version 23 for analysis.\u0000\u0000Results: A total of 160 patients were included in this study. The median age was 10.5 years (IQR 2 – 33). Half of the patients were aged <10 years old. About 66.9% of the injuries occurred indoors, with the kitchen being the most common injury site (49.4%). Scald was the most common aetiology, and most injuries occurred in the morning. While 71.9% had first aid at the injury site, the first aid agents used were potentially harmful in most cases. The injuries were predominantly partial-thickness with a mean TBSA burn of 14% and a median ABSI of 4 (IQR 3 – 5). The lower limbs were the most frequently affected body regions, with an overall mortality rate of 5%.\u0000\u0000Conclusion: Scalds are the most common aetiology of burns in Ado Ekiti, with most injuries occurring in the kitchen. The populace needs to be adequately educated on the suitable materials to provide first aid to burn victims","PeriodicalId":234626,"journal":{"name":"Pan African Journal of Life Sciences","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131116106","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Physicochemical Parameters of Anopheles Mosquitoes Breeding and Non-Breeding Habitats in Ekiti State, Nigeria","authors":"H. Okoh","doi":"10.36108/pajols/2202/60.0170","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36108/pajols/2202/60.0170","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Anopheles mosquitoes prefer to oviposit in certain water bodies while avoiding other water bodies with similar physicochemical parameters within the same locality. Understanding the physicochemi­cal composition of these water bodies may provide answers. In this study, we analysed Anopheles mosquito larvae breeding and non-breeding water bodies within the same locality in relation to their physicochemical composition in Ado, Oye, and Ikole Local Government Areas of Ekiti State.\u0000\u0000Methods: Thirty-six samples comprising eighteen water and eighteen soil samples were collected from breeding and non-breeding sites across the study areas and analysed. Temperature, Conductivity, Dissolved Oxygen, and pH were measured in situ, while magnesium, sodium, potassium, and calcium were deter­mined in the laboratory for both water and soil samples.\u0000\u0000Results: Findings from this study showed that there was no significant difference (p>0.05) in the physico­chemical parameters of soil and water samples from both breeding and non-breeding sites in the study LGAs, except in the silt (p=0.02) and sand (p=0.04) content of soil from breeding and non – breeding sites from Ikole LGA where there was a significant difference compared to the other LGAs.\u0000\u0000Conclusion: Therefore, there is a need to carry out more studies to provide more information on the breed­ing habitat preferences of these mosquitoes","PeriodicalId":234626,"journal":{"name":"Pan African Journal of Life Sciences","volume":"os-2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127756642","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mushrooms in Nigeria: Neglected but beneficial Nutraceutical and Functional Food","authors":"C. O. Bamigboye","doi":"10.36108/pajols/2202/60.0140","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36108/pajols/2202/60.0140","url":null,"abstract":"Mushrooms are macroscopic fungi consumed for their rich nutritious taste, aroma and health benefits. Mushrooms grow naturally in the wild as saprophytes and are available in most African countries in the rainy season. Mushrooms have long been recognised as functional foods and nutraceuticals due to the many health benefits attributable to their richness in bioactive components.\u0000Some health benefits include anticancer, hepatoprotective, anti-viral, cholesterol-lowering, immune -boosting, antioxidant and anti-ageing properties. Despite these established uses, many mushrooms have not been popularly domesticated in Nigeria, thereby hindering the functional use of this nature’s gem as promising nutraceuticals. Besides, the mycophobic attitudes of many citizens have significantly prevented their exploitation.\u0000This review showcases mushrooms as affordable and exotic functional foods, rich in phytochemicals with great benefits for wellness. This suggests that a further boost in knowledge is required for the populace to embrace mushrooms’ cultivation, consumption, and medicinal applications.","PeriodicalId":234626,"journal":{"name":"Pan African Journal of Life Sciences","volume":"169 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127579623","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Carriage of Hepatitis B Virus and Risk Factors among Health Care Workers in Ogun State","authors":"O. Osinupebi","doi":"10.36108/pajols/2202/60.0120","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36108/pajols/2202/60.0120","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Health-care workers (HCWs) are often exposed to potentially infectious body fluids-carrying Hepatitis B virus (HBV) from their workplaces. Typically, most asymptomatic HBV carriers-status may remain unnoticed for decades, despite a few percentages of them with vaccination history. In this study, we aimed at investigating asymptomatic carriage of HBV and its associated risk factors among co-health workers ultimately impacting on patients.\u0000Methods: Venous blood samples and demographic data were obtained from a cross sectional survey of HCWs categories working in OOUTH, a referral teaching hospital and other selected health facilities in Ogun state. Immuno-chromatographic discs and Enzyme Linked Immuno-Sorbent assay (ELISA) techniques were adopted for\u0000the determination and confirmation of the presence of HBsAg, anti-HBs and total anti-HBc in sera. A structured questionnaire was used for obtaining demographic data which were analyzed by regression analytical technique.\u0000Results: About 11.44% (43) of the 376 healthcare workers (HCWs), were infected with HBV. The serological marker of viral particles identified in this positive study population included Hepatitis B envelope antigen (53.49%), Hepatitis Core antigen (13.15%), Hepatitis B surface antibodies (3.99%); and Hepatitis B core antibodies (0.80%). A significant association existed between risk factors such as recapping of used needles and carriage of HBV among the HCWs (p-value =0.017).\u0000Conclusion: The carriage rate (11.44%) of HBV among HCWs in Ogun state referral health facilities as against the 8% set standard by W.H.O. in 2009, depict the associated risk factors of asymptomatic carriage, pathogenesis and dissemination in and outside of the health facilities.","PeriodicalId":234626,"journal":{"name":"Pan African Journal of Life Sciences","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126951524","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Microsatellite (D9S905) Instability in Two Urogenital Schistosomiasis Patients with Abnormal Squamous Cells in the Urine","authors":"O. Akinwale, Pam V. Gyang, M. Ajayi","doi":"10.36108/pajols/1202.50.0340","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36108/pajols/1202.50.0340","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Schistosomiasis ranks second to malaria among parasitic diseases of socio-economic and public health importance. Schistosoma haematobium infection-causing urinary schistosomiasis is widespread in Nigeria. Literature has shown that bladder cancer of squamous cell carcinoma type could be associated with long-term S. haematobium infection. Many studies have also reported genomic alterations in cancers and have detected identical microsatellite instability in bladder cancer and corresponding urine sediment from the same patients. Therefore, this study aimed to detect microsatellite instability in genomic DNA obtained from exfoliated urine cells of S. haematobium infected participants using microsatellite marker D9S905, which is one of the genetic markers located around regions of frequent chromosomal loss in bladder cancer. Methods: Genomic DNA was extracted from urine and blood of 24 S. haematobium infected study participants. Microsatellite marker D9S905 located on locus 9q34.2 with allele size 294 base pair (294bp) was analyzed to identify genetic variation between exfoliated urine cells and corresponding blood samples from the infected participants. Result: Microsatellite alterations due to allelic loss were seen in the DNA of exfoliated urine cells of 2 of the participants. Also, previous cytopathological examinations of exfoliated urine cells of these 2 participants revealed squamous cell abnormalities. Conclusion: Bladder cancer is one of the severe complications of chronic S. haematobium infection. Since not all cases of the infection are chronic, this might have accounted for the low number of cases of microsatellite instability seen among participants in this study","PeriodicalId":234626,"journal":{"name":"Pan African Journal of Life Sciences","volume":"102 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116826843","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}