Laura Desnerck, Laure-Anne Kerckhaert, Steven Van Laecke, Amélie Dendooven
{"title":"Value of electron microscopy as perceived by nephrologists in Flanders, Belgium.","authors":"Laura Desnerck, Laure-Anne Kerckhaert, Steven Van Laecke, Amélie Dendooven","doi":"10.1080/01913123.2024.2423083","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/01913123.2024.2423083","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Electron microscopy (EM) is an important complementary tool in biopsy diagnosis of kidney disease. However, EM is a costly technique and not universally available. In order to understand nephrologists' perspectives on EM, a survey among Flemish nephrologists was conducted. The survey explores nephrologists' knowledge and satisfaction with EM, the barriers in its use, and its role in decision-making.A questionnaire was sent out to Dutch-speaking nephrologists in Belgium (Flanders) via the professional organization NBVN <i>(Nederlandstalige Belgische Vereniging voor Nefrologie)</i>.The average satisfaction of EM accessibility in nephrologists, was 4.0 on a scale from 1 (very unsatisfied) to 5 (very satisfied). The main barrier in ordering EM appeared to be the long turnaround time, indicated by 32.5% of nephrologists. The reports were found mostly understandable by 61.0% of the nephrologists. The impact of EM on diagnosis of kidney disease was estimated higher than its impact on the treatment: 24.4% of respondents estimated diagnosis changes in less than 5% of cases, versus 68.3% estimated treatment changes in less than 5% of cases.This study provides key insights into nephrologists' perception on EM services, revealing high overall satisfaction. However, there is potential for improvement, especially regarding turnaround times.</p>","PeriodicalId":23430,"journal":{"name":"Ultrastructural Pathology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-11-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142576685","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Han-Wen Ding, Qian Wang, Min Wang, Yong Chen, Si-Ming Yuan
{"title":"Immunohistochemical and ultrastructural identification of telocytes in the infantile hemangioma.","authors":"Han-Wen Ding, Qian Wang, Min Wang, Yong Chen, Si-Ming Yuan","doi":"10.1080/01913123.2024.2415608","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/01913123.2024.2415608","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Telocytes (TCs) are a distinctive cell entity of the stromal microenvironment of multiple tumors; to date, their existence in infantile hemangioma (IH) remains almost unexplored. This study was therefore undertaken to characterize the immunophenotype, location, morphology, and ultrastructure of telocytes in the IH by means of immunohistochemistry, immunofluorescence confocal microscopy, and transmission electron microscopy. Telocytes were initially identified by CD34, PDGFR-α, Vimentin, and AQP-1 immunostaining. Analyzing the spatial relationship among telocytes, stem cells, endothelial cells, pericytes in the IH with AQP-1/CD31, AQP-1/Glut-1, AQP-1/α-SMA, AQP-1/CD146 and AQP-1/CD133 double immunofluorescence. TCs were immunonegative for CD31, Glut-1, CD146, α-SMA, CD133, and C-kit in the IH. The ultrastructural examination confirmed the presence of TCs, namely stromal cells with characteristic cytoplasmic processes (i.e. telopodes) forming labyrinthine networks around microvessels and releasing extracellular vesicles. Our study provides evidence that telocytes are present and PDGFR-α and AQP-1 are specific antigenic markers in the IH.</p>","PeriodicalId":23430,"journal":{"name":"Ultrastructural Pathology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142475866","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Amany M Abo-Ouf, Amany F Mohamed, Heba Abdelnaser Aboelsoud, Ayman Geddawy, Heba F Ibrahim
{"title":"The possible effects of chronic administration of amiodarone hydrochloride on the seminiferous tubules of adult male albino rats: histological and biochemical study.","authors":"Amany M Abo-Ouf, Amany F Mohamed, Heba Abdelnaser Aboelsoud, Ayman Geddawy, Heba F Ibrahim","doi":"10.1080/01913123.2024.2407330","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/01913123.2024.2407330","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Amiodarone hydrochloride is an antiarrhythmic agent that is widely prescribed. However, it has serious side effects that approximately affect the whole body organs. In our study, we aimed to assess the possible effects of chronic administration of two different doses of amiodarone hydrochloride on the oxidative and inflammatory parameters as well as the histological morphology and ultrastructure of the seminiferous tubules of adult male albino rats. Forty rats were divided into four groups; <b>Control group 1</b>: each rat did not receive any drugs at all. <b>Control group 2</b>: each rat received 3 ml of 0.16% methylcellulose, orally and daily for 4 weeks. <b>Low dose amiodarone group</b>: each rat received 3 ml of 0.16% methylcellulose contained 3.6 mg amiodarone, orally and daily for 4 weeks. <b>High dose amiodarone group</b>: each rat received 3 ml of 0.16% methylcellulose contained 7.2 mg amiodarone, orally and daily for 4 weeks. Blood samples were collected for measuring serum levels of malondialdehyde, superoxide dismutase, interleukin-6 and tumor necrosis factor-alpha. Testes specimens were examined to assess the morphological changes and the level of expression of caspase-3 apoptotic marker. The results indicated that; amiodarone hydrochloride could induce a dose-dependent toxicity, causing oxidative stress, inflammation, cellular degeneration, deposition of collagen and enhanced apoptosis in the seminiferous tubules.</p>","PeriodicalId":23430,"journal":{"name":"Ultrastructural Pathology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142354752","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ultrastructural PathologyPub Date : 2024-09-02Epub Date: 2024-08-06DOI: 10.1080/01913123.2024.2379300
Jacques Gilloteaux, James M Jamison, Jack L Summers, Henryk S Taper
{"title":"Reactivation of nucleases with peroxidation damages induced by a menadione: ascorbate combination devastates human prostate carcinomas: ultrastructural aspects.","authors":"Jacques Gilloteaux, James M Jamison, Jack L Summers, Henryk S Taper","doi":"10.1080/01913123.2024.2379300","DOIUrl":"10.1080/01913123.2024.2379300","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Xenografts of androgen-independent human DU145 prostate metastatic carcinomas implanted in <i>nu/nu</i> male mice have revealed a significant survival after a prooxidant anticancer treatment consisting of a combination of menadione bisulfite and sodium ascorbate (VK3:VC).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Implanted samples of diaphragm carcinomas from longest survived mice from either oral, intraperitoneal (IP), or both oral and IP treatment groups were assessed with light, scanning, and transmission electron microscopy to analyze morphologic damages.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Compared with previous fine structure data of in vitro untreated carcinomas, the changes induced by oral, IP, and oral with IP VK3:VC treatment dismantled those xenografts with autoschizis, and necrotic atrophy was accomplished by cell's oxidative stress whose injuries were consequent to reactivated deoxyribonucleases and ribonucleases. Tumor destructions resulted from irreversible damages of nucleus components, endoplasmic reticulum, and mitochondria there. Other alterations included those of the cytoskeleton that resulted in characteristic self-excisions named \" autoschizis.\" All these injuries lead resilient cancer cells to necrotic cell death.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The fine structure damages caused by VK3:VC prooxidant combination in the human DU145 prostate xenografts confirmed those shown in vitro and of other cell lines with histochemistry and biomolecular investigations. These devastations incurred without damage to normal tissues; thus, our data brought support for the above combination to assist in the treatment of prostate cancers and other cancers.</p>","PeriodicalId":23430,"journal":{"name":"Ultrastructural Pathology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141894448","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ultrastructural PathologyPub Date : 2024-09-02Epub Date: 2024-08-01DOI: 10.1080/01913123.2024.2386009
Shaimaa M Hafez, Heba F Ibrahim, Shaimaa R Abdelmohsen, Noha A E Yasin, Yara S Abouelela, Heba Abdelnaser Aboelsoud
{"title":"The potential protective effect of propolis on diabetic nephropathy induced by streptozotocin in adult albino rats.","authors":"Shaimaa M Hafez, Heba F Ibrahim, Shaimaa R Abdelmohsen, Noha A E Yasin, Yara S Abouelela, Heba Abdelnaser Aboelsoud","doi":"10.1080/01913123.2024.2386009","DOIUrl":"10.1080/01913123.2024.2386009","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Diabetes mellitus is a common metabolic disorder. It is associated with serious life-threatening complications if not properly managed. The current study aimed at investigating the possible protective role of propolis on streptozotocin-induced diabetic nephropathy. A diabetic rat model was induced by a single intraperitoneal injection of 55 mg/kg streptozotocin. After 4 days, the diabetic rats received oral propolis (300 mg/kg/day) via gastric gavage for 28 days. Biochemical, histopathological and ultrastructural evaluations were performed. The results showed that: streptozotocin-induced diabetes was associated with a marked decrease in the serum high-density lipoproteins and antioxidant enzymes. However, a significant elevation in the levels of serum creatinine, blood urea nitrogen, uric acid, cholesterol, triglycerides and low-density lipoproteins was detected. Furthermore, streptozotocin treatment induced histopathological alterations of the renal cortex; in the form of distorted glomerular capillaries, widened Bowman's space and signs of epithelial tubular degeneration. Ultra-structurally, thickening and irregularity of the glomerular basement membrane and podocytes foot processes effacement were observed. The tubular epithelial cells showed swollen vacuolated mitochondria, scarce basal infoldings and loss of microvilli. Conversely, propolis partially restored the normal lipid profile, antioxidant biomarkers and renal cortical morphology. Propolis exhibited a sort of renoprotection through hypoglycemic, anti-hyperlipidemic and antioxidant effects.</p>","PeriodicalId":23430,"journal":{"name":"Ultrastructural Pathology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141861014","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The effects of the combination of temozolomide and Eribulin on T98G human glioblastoma cell line: an ultrastructural study.","authors":"Gamze Tanriverdi, Belisa Kaleci, Furkan Yavuz, Hakan Sahin, Merjem Purelku, Zeliha Yazici, Sibel Kokturk","doi":"10.1080/01913123.2024.2371821","DOIUrl":"10.1080/01913123.2024.2371821","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Glioblastoma tumors are the most aggressive primary brain tumors that develop resistance to temozolomide (TMZ). Eribulin (ERB) exhibits a unique mechanism of action by inhibiting microtubule dynamics during the G2/M cell cycle phase. We utilized the T98G human glioma cell line to investigate the effects of ERB and TMZ, both individually and in combination. The experimental groups were established as follows: control, E5 (5 nM ERB), T0.75 (0.75 mM TMZ), T1 (1.0 mM TMZ), and combination groups (E5+T0.75 and E5+T1). All groups showed a significant decrease in cell proliferation. Apoptotic markers revealed a time-dependent increase in annexin-V expression, across all treatment groups at the 48-hour time point. Caspase-3, exhibited an increase in the combination treatment groups at the 48-hour mark. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) revealed normal ultrastructural features in the glioma cells of the control group. However, treatments induced ultrastructural changes within the spheroid glioblastoma model, particularly in the combination groups. These changes included a dose-dependent increase in autophagic vacuoles and apoptotic morphology of the cells. In conclusion, the similarity in the mechanism of action between ERB and TMZ suggests the potential for synergistic effects when combined. Our results highlight that this combination induced severe damage and autophagy in glioma spheroids after 48 hours.</p>","PeriodicalId":23430,"journal":{"name":"Ultrastructural Pathology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141447154","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ultrastructural PathologyPub Date : 2024-09-02Epub Date: 2024-08-06DOI: 10.1080/01913123.2024.2387685
Omnia I Ismail, Hala Mohamed Hassanin
{"title":"Ameliorative effects of gallic acid on tebuconazole-induced adverse effects in the cerebellum of adult albino rats: histopathological and immunohistochemical evidence.","authors":"Omnia I Ismail, Hala Mohamed Hassanin","doi":"10.1080/01913123.2024.2387685","DOIUrl":"10.1080/01913123.2024.2387685","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Tebuconazole (TEB) is a common triazole sterol demethylation inhibitor fungicide utilized to manage a variety of diseases in crops like cereals, fruits, and vegetables. The aim of this work was to assess the effects of TEB on the structure of the cerebellum in adult albino rats and possible protective impact of co-administration of Gallic acid (GA). Four groups of forty adult male albino rats were randomly selected, and the rats in group I received corn oil through daily gavage for 4 weeks. Group II received GA dissolved in the normal saline at a dose of 100 mg/kg through daily gavage for 4 weeks, group III administered with TEB dissolved in corn oil at its acceptable daily intake dose (0.02 mg/kg body weight) through daily gavage for 4 weeks, group IV rats received both TEB and GA. For light microscopic, ultrastructural, and immunohistochemical investigations, cerebellar specimens were prepared. TEB exposure led to neuronal damage in the form of degenerated Purkinje cells with vacuolated cytoplasm, areas of lost Purkinje cells, the basket cells appeared vacuolated with degenerated neuropil, the granule cells clumped with congested areas between them, dilated cerebellar islands, weak positive bcl2 immunoreactions in the Purkinje cells, and numerous GFAP-positive astrocytes. GA mitigated TEB-mediated histological changes in the cerebellar cortex. We concluded that TEB caused Purkinje neurons in the rat cerebellar cortex to degenerate and undergo apoptosis. GA had a neuroprotective benefit against TEB toxicity in the rat cerebellar cortex.</p>","PeriodicalId":23430,"journal":{"name":"Ultrastructural Pathology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141894447","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ultrastructural PathologyPub Date : 2024-09-02Epub Date: 2024-08-21DOI: 10.1080/01913123.2024.2390892
Guillermo A Herrera, Luan D Truong, Sadhna Dhingra, Elba A Turbat-Herrera
{"title":"Features that characterize monoclonal light chain (\"myeloma\") cast nephropathy with immunofluorescence challenges and emphasis on electron microscopy.","authors":"Guillermo A Herrera, Luan D Truong, Sadhna Dhingra, Elba A Turbat-Herrera","doi":"10.1080/01913123.2024.2390892","DOIUrl":"10.1080/01913123.2024.2390892","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Renal disease is a common cause of morbidity and mortality in patients with plasma cell dyscrasias. The serum-free light chain assay is used in patients, mostly older, with unexplained acute kidney injury to screen for potential myeloma cast nephropathy. This study consists of a systematic review of diagnostic features in myeloma cast nephropathy. The morphological features of tubular casts in patients with multiple myeloma have not been systematically analyzed. This study focuses on the morphology of these casts, emphasizing ultrastructural features, in a series of 23 patients with light chain (\"myeloma\") cast nephropathy and compared them with casts in 10 patients with various diseases. The immunofluorescence data were correlated with morphological findings to provide diagnostic assessments and practice guidelines. The ultrastructural features identified as diagnostic of casts associated with myeloma included: amyloid and crystals in the casts, multiple well-defined fracture planes forming a complex jigsaw puzzle arrangement of cast contents, indicative of the fragility of the immunoglobulin light chains involved, and reactive tubular cells lining the tubules with the casts. These features were seen in 95.2% of MCN cases and none of the casts in other renal conditions. Myeloma casts exhibited light chain monoclonality in a significant percentage of the MCN cases and often no staining for IgA or IgM. In contrast, the majority of non-myeloma casts stained for both kappa and lambda light chains, lgA, and lgM, and showed ultrastructurally a rather uniform finely to coarsely granular electron density occasionally admixed with cellular debris.</p>","PeriodicalId":23430,"journal":{"name":"Ultrastructural Pathology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142018786","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ultrastructural PathologyPub Date : 2024-09-02Epub Date: 2024-08-19DOI: 10.1080/01913123.2024.2392728
Haitham H Maraqah, John Paul Aboubechara, Mones S Abu-Asab, Han Sung Lee, Orwa Aboud
{"title":"Excessive lipid production shapes glioma tumor microenvironment.","authors":"Haitham H Maraqah, John Paul Aboubechara, Mones S Abu-Asab, Han Sung Lee, Orwa Aboud","doi":"10.1080/01913123.2024.2392728","DOIUrl":"10.1080/01913123.2024.2392728","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Disrupted lipid metabolism is a characteristic of gliomas. This study utilizes an ultrastructural approach to characterize the prevalence and distribution of lipids within gliomas. This study made use of tissue from IDH1 wild type (IDH1-wt) glioblastoma (<i>n</i> = 18) and IDH1 mutant (IDH1-mt) astrocytoma (<i>n</i> = 12) tumors. We uncover a prevalent and intriguing surplus of lipids. The bulk of the lipids manifested as sizable cytoplasmic inclusions and extracellular deposits in the tumor microenvironment (TME); in some tumors the lipids were stored in the classical membraneless spheroidal lipid droplets (LDs). Frequently, lipids accumulated inside mitochondria, suggesting possible dysfunction of the beta-oxidation pathway. Additionally, the tumor vasculature have lipid deposits in their lumen and vessel walls; this lipid could have shifted in from the tumor microenvironment or have been produced by the vessel-invading tumor cells. Lipid excess in gliomas stems from disrupted beta-oxidation and dysfunctional oxidative phosphorylation pathways. The implications of this lipid-driven environment include structural support for the tumor cells and protection against immune responses, non-lipophilic drugs, and free radicals.</p>","PeriodicalId":23430,"journal":{"name":"Ultrastructural Pathology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11495230/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142000749","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ultrastructural PathologyPub Date : 2024-09-02Epub Date: 2024-07-30DOI: 10.1080/01913123.2024.2382987
Diana Sofía Vargas-Lías, Mónica Lizette Serrano-Arévalo, Lara-Torres César, Corredor-Alonso Guillermo Ernesto, Hugo R Dominguez-Malagon
{"title":"<i>Emperipolesis in pleural fluid mesothelial cells</i>. A phenomenon not associated with Rosai-Dorfman disease, report of a case.","authors":"Diana Sofía Vargas-Lías, Mónica Lizette Serrano-Arévalo, Lara-Torres César, Corredor-Alonso Guillermo Ernesto, Hugo R Dominguez-Malagon","doi":"10.1080/01913123.2024.2382987","DOIUrl":"10.1080/01913123.2024.2382987","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Emperipolesis is a cell-within-cell phenomenon distinct from phagocytosis more often described in Rosai-Dorfman disease, where usually lymphocytes or other bone marrow cells (plasma cells, erythroblasts or neutrophils) are entirely surrounded but not engulfed by macrophages as the host cell, but occasionally megakaryocytes and neoplastic could be. Mesothelial cell has been described in a couple of cases of lymphomas affecting serous membranes, but never described in pleuritis. In the present work, the first case of emperipolesis by mesothelial cells in a patient with self-limited pleural effusion was demonstrated by immunohistochemistry and Electron Microscopy studies.</p>","PeriodicalId":23430,"journal":{"name":"Ultrastructural Pathology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141793621","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}