Urologic Oncology-seminars and Original Investigations最新文献

{"title":"Cirrhosis and liver disease vs. adverse in-hospital outcomes after radical prostatectomy.","authors":"Fabian Falkenbach, Natali Rodriguez Peñaranda, Mattia Longoni, Andrea Marmiroli, Quynh Chi Le, Calogero Catanzaro, Michele Nicolazzini, Marie-Lyssa Lafontaine, Zhe Tian, Jordan A Goyal, Stefano Puliatti, Riccardo Schiavina, Carlotta Palumbo, Gennaro Musi, Felix K H Chun, Alberto Briganti, Fred Saad, Shahrokh F Shariat, Lars Budäus, Markus Graefen, Pierre I Karakiewicz","doi":"10.1016/j.urolonc.2025.02.012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.urolonc.2025.02.012","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Radical prostatectomy (RP) may be a treatment option for prostate cancer patients with cirrhosis and liver disease (CLD). However, the effect of CLD on adverse in-hospital outcomes after RP has not been well described.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Descriptive analyses, propensity score matching (PSM), and multivariable logistic and Poisson regression models were used to address National Inpatient Sample RP patients between 2005 and 2019. CLD severity was stratified as mild vs. moderate/severe.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of 191,050 RP patients, 1,559 (0.8%) had CLD. Of those, 1,515 (97.2%) vs. 44 (2.8%) were classified as having mild and moderate/severe CLD, respectively. Any CLD rate increased from 0.6% to 1.5% (2005-2019, EAPC: +7.9%, P < 0.001). CLD patients exhibited higher rates of all 15 examined adverse in-hospital outcomes. The absolute differences were largest for overall complications (+13.9%), length of stay >2 days (+8.9%), and blood transfusions (+4.0%, all P < 0.001). After detailed multivariable adjustment, CLD independently predicted higher rates of all 15 adverse in-hospital outcomes (P < 0.01). The detrimental effect was most pronounced for in-hospital mortality (multivariable odds ratio (OR) 8.74), infectious complications (OR 4.59), and hepatic complications (OR 4.45). Finally, a convincing dose-response relationship, where the effect magnitude of moderate/severe CLD was at least 3 times higher than that of mild CLD, applied in 4 of 15 comparisons.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>CLD patients exhibited higher rates of adverse in-hospital outcomes after RP. However, mild CLD did not exert a prohibitive effect that would clearly preclude RP as a treatment option.</p>","PeriodicalId":23408,"journal":{"name":"Urologic Oncology-seminars and Original Investigations","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143587205","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Molecular testing in urinary cytology specimens: Current status and future directions.","authors":"Fei Chen, Aylin Simsir, Liang Cheng","doi":"10.1016/j.urolonc.2025.02.009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.urolonc.2025.02.009","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Bladder cancer is a common type of urological cancer with high recurrence and mortality rates. Currently, it is diagnosed and monitored using minimal invasive cystoscopies and biopsies. Urinary cytology, the most widely accepted noninvasive and more economic urinary diagnosis method, aims to detect high grade urothelial carcinoma with a high specificity but low sensitivity, especially for detecting low-grade tumors. With advancements in molecular techniques, urine based liquid biopsy, artificial intelligence, and the growing interest in precision cytopathology, identification of urinary biomarkers for effective cancer screening, diagnosis, risk stratification, and therapeutic response monitoring has been a key focus of bladder cancer research and clinical practice guideline development. Urine allows noninvasive access to morphological, transcriptomic, epigenetic, and genomic materials from exfoliated cells in contact with tumor tissue. This review offers a comprehensive evaluation of the current utility of urinary biomarkers and technological innovations in cancer diagnosis and minimal residual disease detection. We also discuss the challenges and prospects for integrating molecular cytopathology into daily clinical practice.</p>","PeriodicalId":23408,"journal":{"name":"Urologic Oncology-seminars and Original Investigations","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143587207","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Contemporary outcomes for robotic radical cystectomy and intracorporeal neobladder urinary diversion.","authors":"Jordan M Rich, Neeraja Tillu, Jack Geduldig, Reuben Ben-David, Etienne Lavallee, YuonShuo Alice Wang, Kyrollis Attalla, Linda Dey, Monish Aron, Jorge Ballon, Giovanni E Cacciamani, Mihir M Desai, Inderbir S Gill, Arad A Hosseini, Abolfazl Hosseini, Gus Miranda, Juhana Rautiola, Viktor Skokic, Gunnar Steineck, Reza Mehrazin, John P Sfakianos, Peter N Wiklund","doi":"10.1016/j.urolonc.2025.02.006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.urolonc.2025.02.006","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Widespread adoption of robotic-assisted radical cystectomy (RARC) with totally intracorporeal neobladder urinary diversion (UD) has not been achieved, and there is a dearth of literature exploring its short-term and long-term safety. We aim to present perioperative, complications, and oncologic outcomes for this procedure.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Data from patients who underwent RARC with intracorporeal neobladder UD for bladder cancer between 2003 and 2022 from our multi-institutional cohort was prospectively collected. A retrospective review of this data was performed. The primary outcome was the number of days the patient was alive and outside of the hospital within 90 days postoperatively. Secondary outcomes were recurrence-free survival (RFS), cancer-specific survival (CSS), and overall survival (OS) at 24-months estimated by Kaplan-Meier plots, and 30-day and 90-day overall and major (Clavien ≥III) complication rates.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of 410 patients (370 [90%] male), median (IQR) age was 64.2 (58.0, 69.4) and BMI was 26.8 (23.9, 29.1) kg/m². The cohort included 2 (0.5%) cT0, 46 (11%) cTa or cTis, 109 (7%) cT1, 202 (49%) cT2, 47 (11%) cT3, and 4 (1.0%) cT4 tumors preoperatively. Median (IQR) follow-up was 37.6 (11.1, 81.0) months. Surgical margins were positive in 8 (2.0%) patients. Median number of days alive and outside hospital within 90 days postoperatively was 82 (77,85). Clavien III-IV complications occurred in 63 (15%) and 88 (21%) patients within 30 and 90 days, respectively. Clavien V complications occurred in 1 (0.2%) and 2 (0.5%) patients within 30 and 90 days, respectively. Kaplan-Meier estimates for RFS, CSS, and OS at 24-months were 78%, 88%, and 86%, respectively.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>RARC with intracorporeal neobladder UD led to favorable recovery with increased days alive and out of the hospital within 90-days of surgery compared to open RC series, and major complication rates and oncologic outcomes were in line with prior open RC series.</p>","PeriodicalId":23408,"journal":{"name":"Urologic Oncology-seminars and Original Investigations","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143587206","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mismatch repair deficiency testing for immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy in genitourinary malignancies.","authors":"Leonid M Yermakov, Regina Kwon, Eric Q Konnick","doi":"10.1016/j.urolonc.2025.02.005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.urolonc.2025.02.005","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>DNA mismatch repair (MMR) proteins maintain genomic stability, and their deficiency (dMMR) results in hypermutability and microsatellite instability. The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved the immune checkpoint inhibitor pembrolizumab for use in any dMMR cancer but did not provide guidance regarding dMMR detection. This review examines laboratory methods (immunohistochemistry, polymerase chain reaction, and next-generation sequencing) for dMMR detection, emphasizing their sensitivity, specificity, and limitations. Using the current literature, we outline considerations for when to test and which method to use when assessing MMR status in genitourinary cancers.</p>","PeriodicalId":23408,"journal":{"name":"Urologic Oncology-seminars and Original Investigations","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143568124","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficacy and safety of dose-dense gemcitabine and cisplatin as neoadjuvant chemotherapy for high-grade upper tract urothelial carcinoma (cT2-3N0M0).","authors":"Yuto Hattori, Akihiko Nagoshi, Tasuku Fujiwara, Takanari Kambe, Yuta Mine, Hidetoshi Kokubun, Yohei Abe, Masashi Kubota, Noboru Shibasaki, Mutsushi Kawakita, Toshinari Yamasaki","doi":"10.1016/j.urolonc.2025.02.010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.urolonc.2025.02.010","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Neoadjuvant chemotherapy for upper tract urothelial carcinoma has shown favorable results. However, few studies have been conducted on dose-dense regimens that have demonstrated superior efficacy in bladder cancer. We aimed to retrospectively evaluate the efficacy and safety of dose-dense gemcitabine and cisplatin as neoadjuvant chemotherapy for upper tract urothelial carcinoma.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Ninety-five patients who underwent radical nephroureterectomy for high-grade upper tract urothelial carcinoma (cT2-3N0M0) with dose-dense gemcitabine and cisplatin (n = 33) or without neoadjuvant chemotherapy (n = 62, Control) were included. Propensity score matching was performed based on the patient and tumor demographics. Efficacy was evaluated by the pathological response rate defined as pathological downstaging to ≤ pT1N0 and complete response (pT0N0). Progression-free survival, cancer-specific survival, and overall survival were estimated. All adverse events and postoperative complications were assessed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Thirty-one matched patients were included in each cohort after adjusting for baseline propensity score matching. The pathological downstaging to ≤ pT1N0 rate of the neoadjuvant chemotherapy group was significantly higher than the Control group. The complete response rate was 6.5% in the neoadjuvant chemotherapy group; pT0N0 was not observed in the Control group. The 2-year progression-free survival and cancer-specific survival rates were significantly better in the neoadjuvant chemotherapy group. Of the 33 patients who received neoadjuvant chemotherapy, 7 severe adverse events (grade 3 or higher) were observed in 6 patients.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Dose-dense gemcitabine and cisplatin showed a favorable pathological response and oncological outcome with good tolerability.</p>","PeriodicalId":23408,"journal":{"name":"Urologic Oncology-seminars and Original Investigations","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143558009","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A PHASE 1B TRIAL OF MASOFANITEN (EPI-7386) IN PATIENTS WITH METASTATIC CASTRATION-RESISTANT PROSTATE CANCER (MCRPC)","authors":"Andrew Laccetti,&nbsp;Nicholas Iannotti,&nbsp;Russell Pachynski,&nbsp;Bradley Carthon,&nbsp;Kim N. Chi,&nbsp;Matthew Smith,&nbsp;Fred Saad,&nbsp;Roberto Pili,&nbsp;Wilson Tu,&nbsp;Edmond M. Kwan,&nbsp;Alexander W. Wyatt,&nbsp;Karen Villaluna,&nbsp;Brett Younginger,&nbsp;Ronan Le Moigne,&nbsp;Alessandra Cesano","doi":"10.1016/j.urolonc.2024.12.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.urolonc.2024.12.005","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Introduction&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;Masofaniten (EPI-7386) is a next generation aniten, a novel class of compounds designed to inhibit androgen receptor (AR) activity by binding to the N-terminal domain. Preclinical data supports disruption of AR regulated gene transcription, even in the presence of resistance mechanisms including ligand-binding domain point mutations and truncated splice variants, as a strategy to inhibit prostate cancer growth. In the Phase 1a dose-escalation study (NCT04421222), treatment with EPI-7386 monotherapy was safe, well tolerated up to a daily dose of 1200 mg (600 mg BID), achieved target clinical exposures and showed preliminary signals of antitumor activity in heavily pretreated mCRPC. We report here the results of the Phase 1b dose expansion first-in-human trial of EPI-7386 in mCRPC.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Methods&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;This Phase 1b, open-label, multicenter, dose expansion trial was designed to evaluate the safety, pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, and antitumor activity of EPI-7386 in mCRPC patients (pts) progressing on standard of care treatment, including next generation antiandrogens. Two cohorts were tested, examining the 600 mg BID and 600 mg QD dosing regimens. Circulating Tumor DNA (ctDNA) samples were also collected in the study at baseline and at cycle 4 to characterize the tumor genomic profile and quantify molecular response.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Results&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;12 pts were enrolled in the 600 mg BID cohort (median follow up 12 months) and 12 in the 600 mg QD cohort (median follow up 8 months). Pts in both arms had a median of 2 (range 1-3) lines of prior therapy for mCRPC: 71% in both cohorts received abiraterone and at least one second generation AR inhibitor (enzalutamide, darolutamide or apalutamide). EPI-7386 was safe and well tolerated at both dosing schedules. The majority of related adverse events (AEs) were grade 1 (47%), and grade 2 (41%). AEs were consistent with AEs associated with second-generation antiandrogens (i.e. anemia, fatigue and hypertension), and no differences were observed between EPI-7386 600 mg QD and BID dosing. As expected, 600 mg BID dosing resulted in higher PK parameters at steady state, with a mean AUC&lt;sub&gt;0-24&lt;/sub&gt; of 357,000 hr*ng/mL and a mean C&lt;sub&gt;last&lt;/sub&gt; of 14,500 ng/mL, in comparison to a mean AUC&lt;sub&gt;0-24&lt;/sub&gt; of 246,000 hr*ng/mL and a mean C&lt;sub&gt;last&lt;/sub&gt; of 7,120 ng/mL for the 600 mg QD cohort. Both dosing regimens resulted in exposures in the range of those associated with antitumor activity in preclinical models. Evidence of antitumor activity was observed in ∼1/3 of the patients in both cohorts. Notably, genomic characterization of ctDNA samples showed, beside the expected alterations in the AR pathway (AR mutations, amplifications, structural rearrangements), additional molecular alterations associated with disease aggression and lineage plasticity (&lt;em&gt;P53&lt;/em&gt; mut, &lt;em&gt;PTEN&lt;/em&gt; deletion, &lt;em&gt;RB1&lt;/em&gt; deletion).&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Conclusions&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;di","PeriodicalId":23408,"journal":{"name":"Urologic Oncology-seminars and Original Investigations","volume":"43 3","pages":"Page 1"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143509347","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"IDENTIFYING BARRIERS TO TIMELY FOLLOW-UP AFTER ELEVATED PSA SCREENING: A RETROSPECTIVE ANALYSIS OF A LARGE HEALTHCARE SYSTEM","authors":"Zhiyu (Jason) Qian,&nbsp;Yu-Jen Chen,&nbsp;Precious Precious Moman,&nbsp;Muhieddine Labban,&nbsp;Daniel Stelzl,&nbsp;Filippo Dagnin,&nbsp;Hanna Zurl,&nbsp;Danesha Daniels,&nbsp;Claudia Carranza,&nbsp;Kara L. Watts,&nbsp;Alexander P. Cole,&nbsp;Quoc-Dien Trinh","doi":"10.1016/j.urolonc.2024.12.025","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.urolonc.2024.12.025","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Prostate cancer is the most common solid organ cancer and the second leading cause of cancer-related mortality among American men. Early detection and timely treatment are crucial for effective management. Despite updated guidelines from the United States Preventive Services Task Force in 2018 recommending shared decision-making for PSA screening in men aged 55-69 years, barriers to timely follow-up care persist. This study aims to examine elevated PSA follow-up within our healthcare system and identify barriers to timely diagnosis of prostate cancer.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We analyzed data from the Mass General Brigham's Enterprise Data Warehouse, focusing on patients with elevated PSA levels from 2018-2021. Timely follow-up was defined as having a urologist appointment, prostate biopsy, or prostate MRI within 6 months of diagnosis. The location of elevated PSA diagnosis was categorized as academic medical centers versus community sites. Univariable and multivariable analyses were conducted to identify factors impacting follow-up.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Our cohort included 28,346 patients, with 50.30% receiving timely follow-up, 15.02% experiencing untimely follow-up, and 34.69% having no follow-up. Multivariable analysis showed that patients diagnosed at academic medical centers were more likely to receive follow-up care (OR=1.39, 95%CI 1.30-1.48). Sensitivity analysis incorporating two major community hospitals into the academic category revealed even higher odds of timely follow-up (OR=1.61, 95%CI 1.51-1.73).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Significant variation exists in follow-up rates between academic medical centers and community sites, underscoring the need for strategies to ensure timely and consistent prostate cancer follow-up care across all facilities. Addressing these disparities can enhance timely care delivery and improve patient outcomes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23408,"journal":{"name":"Urologic Oncology-seminars and Original Investigations","volume":"43 3","pages":"Page 10"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143509783","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"PREDICTIVE VALUE OF PSA KINETICS ON RISK OF PROSTATE CANCER VERSUS INFLAMMATION IN AN AFRO-CARIBBEAN POPULATION: A SINGLE INSTITUTION BASED RETROSPECTIVE STUDY IN AFRO-CARIBBEAN POPULATION","authors":"Prashil Dave,&nbsp;Benjamin Prizer,&nbsp;David Musheyev,&nbsp;Eli Berglas,&nbsp;Nikeeta Mandhan,&nbsp;Parima Saxena,&nbsp;Luis Gonzalez Miranda,&nbsp;Sankalpa Pokhrel,&nbsp;Dedipya Bhamidipati,&nbsp;Areeba Zaman,&nbsp;Andrew Winer","doi":"10.1016/j.urolonc.2024.12.077","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.urolonc.2024.12.077","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Introduction&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;The change in Prostate Specific Antigen (PSA) over time, known as PSA velocity (PSAV), has been proposed as a measurement for improving the specificity of PSA monitoring for prostate cancer screening; however, its utility is controversial. Some studies use PSA doubling time (PSADT) as a readout of biochemical and clinical progression. Studies suggest that the validity of PSAV thresholds varies depending on the demographics of the patient population. Few studies investigate how PSAV and PSADT can be used to stratify prostate cancer risk in black populations. Black men have the highest incidence of prostate cancer out of any group in America. This retrospective study aims to compare PSAV and PSADT in patients who received prostate biopsy with pathology results of inflammation versus cancer to determine how PSAV and PSADT impact the risk of prostate cancer in a predominantly Afro-Caribbean patient population.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Methods&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;Prostate biopsies from Kings County Hospital, Brooklyn, New York, from 01/2018 to 04/2024, were retrospectively reviewed and recorded in the REDcap database. Patients with three PSA values at least 18 months, with six months between each, were included. Pathology results were classified into cancer (N=155) and inflammation (N=70). The cancer cohort was stratified to adjust for treatment (N=126, 81%). PSAV calculation used untransformed PSA values that met the previously mentioned inclusion criteria. The cancer cohort (calculated before treatment, N=50) was compared to the inflammation group (N=64). PSA doubling times (at least two PSA values, three months apart) were also compared between the cancer cohort pre- and post-treatment (N = 68, 63) and the inflammation cohort pre- and post-biopsy (N = 34, 39) when PSAV could not be calculated. Odds ratio, sensitivity, and specificity were calculated using several PSAV and doubling time thresholds.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Results&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;Increasing threshold PSAV increased specificity in identifying a cancer patient (Figure 1). However, returns were limited as using a PSAV threshold of 2.00 ng/mL/Yr, 16 of 50 (32%) cancer patients met the threshold. This contrasts with 36 of 50 patients (72%) who met the lowest threshold. 0.65 ng/mL/Yr yielded the highest odds ratio (OR = 3.97, 95% CI [1.81, 8.71]) amongst results where p &lt; 0.05. When comparing PSA doubling time using values of less than 6 and 10 months as thresholds between pre-treatment cancer and pre-biopsy groups, there were no significant findings. However, comparing post-treatment cancer cohort to post-biopsy inflammation, both a cutoff of 6 (OR = 3.33, 95% CI [1.44, 7.67]) and 10 months (OR = 3.44, 95% CI [1.49, 7.93]) showed similar significant findings (Table 1).&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Conclusions&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;PSAV has the potential to increase the specificity of PSA monitoring, particularly in black populations that have a high incidence of disease. Our data suggests that when take","PeriodicalId":23408,"journal":{"name":"Urologic Oncology-seminars and Original Investigations","volume":"43 3","pages":"Pages 30-31"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143509787","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"UTILITY OF TUMOR-INFORMED CIRCULATING TUMOR DNA (CTDNA) IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING RETROPERITONEAL LYMPH NODE DISSECTION FOR TESTICULAR CANCER","authors":"Reuben Ben-David,&nbsp;Reza Mehrazin,&nbsp;Neeraja Tillu,&nbsp;Sarah Lidagoster,&nbsp;Matthew Galsky,&nbsp;Che-Kai Tsao,&nbsp;Kyrollis Attalla,&nbsp;Peter Wiklund,&nbsp;John Sfakianos","doi":"10.1016/j.urolonc.2024.12.084","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.urolonc.2024.12.084","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Introduction&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;Circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) has been gaining popularity in directing and tailoring treatment modalities in solid cancers. ctDNA utility before and after diagnosis of testicular cancer has not yet been well-characterized. We seek to characterize the utility of ctDNA in correlation with pathologic and clinical features in patients with testicular cancer who underwent retroperitoneal lymph node dissection (RPLND).&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Methods&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;Our single institution prospectively maintained database identified consecutive patients who underwent radical orchiectomy for germ cell tumor (GCT) between 2021 - 2023, included were patients who had prospectively collected ctDNA (Signatera&lt;sup&gt;TM&lt;/sup&gt;) analyses performed before and after RPLND. ctDNA signature was informed from the radical orchiectomy specimen in 9 patients and from the RPLND specimen in 8 patients (Figure 1). The informed signature was used throughout the patient's surveillance. Pre-RPLND ctDNA status was determined from blood drawn prior to surgery, and the post-RPLND minimal residual disease (MRD) window ctDNA status was determined from blood drawn after and within 90 days from RPLND. Study findings were reported using descriptive statistics. R programming language version 4.3.1 was used for all statistical analyses.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Results&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;Seventeen patients had 89 ctDNA analyses performed before and after RPLND. The median age was 31 (IQR 25-33). The median follow-up time was 11 months (IQR 7-13). The primary testicular pathology prior to RPLND was non-seminoma for 14 patients (82.3%), seminoma for 2 patients (11.7%), and one patient had primary retroperitoneal seminoma (5.8%). Nine patients underwent primary RPLND (53%), 6 underwent post-chemotherapy RPLND (PS-RPLND, 35%) and 2 patients had RPLND performed due to recurrence while on surveillance for clinical stage I (11.7%). Serum tumor markers (STM) were normal for all the patients prior to RPLND. Pre-RPLND ctDNA status was available for 13 patients, ctDNA was undetectable in 8 patients (5 had benign pathology and 3 had teratoma), and detectable in 5 patients (38%); among them, 4 had viable GCT and one had teratoma. Fourteen patients had ctDNA MRD window status available. Four had detectable ctDNA status (28.5), all of them had disease progression (100%) and received further chemotherapy after RPLND. Only 1 of the 4 patients had elevated STM after RPLND (25%). Ten patients (71.4%) had undetectable MRD ctDNA status, 9 patients (90%) are currently under surveillance without evidence of disease recurrence, and one patient received adjuvant chemotherapy after RPLND without evidence of disease recurrence, all had post-RPLND normal STM. Detectable pre-RPLND ctDNA signature was found only in 1 of 4 patients with teratoma on RPLND histology (25%).&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Conclusions&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;Detectable ctDNA status in the pre-RPLND status was associated with viable GCT on histology while havin","PeriodicalId":23408,"journal":{"name":"Urologic Oncology-seminars and Original Investigations","volume":"43 3","pages":"Page 33"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143509925","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"TESTIS CANCER PRESENTATION, SURGICAL MANAGEMENT, AND MORTALITY ACROSS THE RURAL-URBAN CONTINUUM IN THE NATIONAL CANCER DATABASE (NCDB)","authors":"Devon M. Langston,&nbsp;Joemy Ramsay,&nbsp;Bogdana Schmidt","doi":"10.1016/j.urolonc.2024.12.085","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.urolonc.2024.12.085","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Introduction&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;Testicular neoplasms, though infrequent overall, are the most common tumors in men aged 20-40, with 95% classified as seminoma and non-seminomatous germ cell tumors. In the U.S., the incidence is approximately 1 per 250 males, showing a rise over recent decades, while mortality rates have decreased. For stage I or IIA nonseminomatous germ cell tumors, primary retroperitoneal lymph node dissection (RPLND) provides crucial therapeutic and diagnostic benefit due to the tumor's limited metastatic spread. Disparities persist in testicular cancer outcomes partly due to limited access to high volume specialty surgical care, and based on race and ethnicity with increased mortality noted for Hispanic men. This study aims to explore these disparities further by analyzing clinical outcomes, including presentation and surgical management, across rural and urban areas using the National Cancer Database (NCDB), to better understand how geographical factors influence testicular cancer outcomes.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Methods&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;Our retrospective study, utilizing the NCDB, explores disparities in testicular cancer outcomes among men diagnosed with seminoma (SGCT) and nonseminomatous germ cell tumors (NSGCT). Individuals were assigned to geographic areas using Rural-Urban continuum codes (RUCCs) for their county of residence at the time of diagnosis: large metropolitan (population ≥1 million), medium metropolitan (population 250,000-1 million), small metropolitan (population &lt;250,000), urban (population 2,500-&gt;20,000), and rural (population &lt;2,500). Univariate analysis examined sociodemographic, clinical, and treatment variables. Risk of mortality across the rural-urban continuum was assessed using multivariable Cox regression adjusted for age, pathologic stage, chemotherapy, radiation therapy, race, insurance, surgery type, and area of residence. Kaplan-Meier survival curves assessing mortality based on residence and distance from treating facility were also generated. We also assessed long-term survivorship by examining mortality from time of diagnosis.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Results&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;Our cohort of 100,805 had a geographic breakdown of large- (N=55,910), medium- (N=22,089), small-metropolitan (N=9,804), urban (N=11,692), and rural (N=1,310). Disparities were observed including age at diagnosis (p=0.016), race/ethnicity, insurance coverage, educational attainment, and income (all with p&lt;0.001). Unadjusted Cox proportional hazards models reveal urban patients showed increased odds for RPLND overall (OR= 1.10 (1.04-1.17), p=0.002) and uninsured patients having the lowest odds overall for all stages (OR= 0.72 (0.65-0.80), p&lt;0.001). In multivariable models, distance to treating facility was positively associated with RPLND (OR= 1.10 (1.07-1.13), p&lt;0.001) and patients residing &gt;50 miles from their treatment facility showing the highest odds of RPLND (OR= 4.34 (4.12-4.57), p&lt;0.001). Residents of rural area","PeriodicalId":23408,"journal":{"name":"Urologic Oncology-seminars and Original Investigations","volume":"43 3","pages":"Pages 33-34"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143509926","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}