Pakistan Journal of Women's Studies: Alam-e-Niswan最新文献_第5页

“Women In Jokes”: A Linguistic Analysis of Jokes on Pakistani Social Media in Light of the General Theory of Verbal Humour “笑话中的女性”:基于言语幽默一般理论的巴基斯坦社交媒体笑话的语言学分析

Pakistan Journal of Women's Studies: Alam-e-Niswan Pub Date : 2018-12-01 DOI: 10.46521/PJWS.025.02.0049

S. Rashad, Musarrat Azher

{"title":"“Women In Jokes”: A Linguistic Analysis of Jokes on Pakistani Social Media in Light of the General Theory of Verbal Humour","authors":"S. Rashad, Musarrat Azher","doi":"10.46521/PJWS.025.02.0049","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46521/PJWS.025.02.0049","url":null,"abstract":" Social relations of power are established and negotiated through discourse and joke telling is one strategy among many to do so. The present study is an attempt to examine the representation of women in jokes, circulated on Pakistani social media, by addressing four themes: representation of women in general, women exercising skills/intellect, women as life partners and representation of teenage girls/young women. The study employs the General Theory of Verbal Humour (GTVH) by Attardo & Raskin (1991) as a theoretical framework. From different social media sources like Facebook and Whatsapp, twenty jokes pertaining to women have been selected randomly and analysed on the basis of the GTVH's six knowledge resources. The study reflects the realization that women are represented as talkative and ignorant beings, devoid of intellect; women as life partners are shown to be domineering and intimidating figures, and the representation of teenage girls/young women reinforces stereotypes circulated by patriarchy discourse. The significance of this work lies in the assumption that systematically analysing jokes about women may help in exposing casual sexism and empower women by provoking them to question instead of internalizing the stereotypes circulated through jokes.","PeriodicalId":233891,"journal":{"name":"Pakistan Journal of Women's Studies: Alam-e-Niswan","volume":"94 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126048296","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Understanding the Influence of Women’s Education on Their Autonomy: Evidence From a Less Developed Area in Pakistan 了解教育对妇女自主权的影响:来自巴基斯坦欠发达地区的证据

Pakistan Journal of Women's Studies: Alam-e-Niswan Pub Date : 2018-06-28 DOI: 10.46521/PJWS.025.01.0056

Nadia Agha, M. Tarar

{"title":"Understanding the Influence of Women’s Education on Their Autonomy: Evidence From a Less Developed Area in Pakistan","authors":"Nadia Agha, M. Tarar","doi":"10.46521/PJWS.025.01.0056","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46521/PJWS.025.01.0056","url":null,"abstract":"Women’s autonomy or ability to make decisions is determined by several factors, education is one of them. In this paper, we have checked the association of women’s education with their autonomy. We have considered how women’s education influences the decisions regarding their marriage, participation in family’s decisions, access to healthcare facilities and management of finances in the family. From a randomly selected cluster of neighbourhoods/muhallas in Jacobabad city, we purposively selected 391 married women from different households for testing four hypotheses. Results reveal that education played a positive role in the women’s lives by enhancing their participation in the family’s power distribution. Women with graduate level education performed better in the family’s power distribution than women with primary or secondary level education. The women with graduate level education were asked their consent for marriage, had more frequent participation in family’s decisions and visited healthcare facilities more often. However, these women also had limited control over the family’s finances, which shows that educated women too do not have complete autonomy in managing and controlling household finances, which can empower them and enhance their status in the family.","PeriodicalId":233891,"journal":{"name":"Pakistan Journal of Women's Studies: Alam-e-Niswan","volume":"86 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129323495","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3

Attitudes towards Family Formation Among Young Adults in Brunei Darussalam 文莱达鲁萨兰国年轻人对组建家庭的态度

Pakistan Journal of Women's Studies: Alam-e-Niswan Pub Date : 2018-06-28 DOI: 10.46521/PJWS.025.01.0052

Norainie Ahmad

{"title":"Attitudes towards Family Formation Among Young Adults in Brunei Darussalam","authors":"Norainie Ahmad","doi":"10.46521/PJWS.025.01.0052","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46521/PJWS.025.01.0052","url":null,"abstract":"This study examines young adults’ attitudes towards marriage and family formation in Bruneian society. Questionnaires were distributed to a group of undergraduate students aged 17-31. Findings show that the majority of young adults in the study expected to be married within an ideal age range of 25-29, a period in their lives when they also ideally want to have their first child. However, respondents overwhelmingly agree that marriage should take place after graduating from university, and more importantly, after finding a stable job. This signifies not only an idealisation of a sequence of life course events that diverges from the traditional Bruneian Malay Muslim cultural narrative(in terms of timing of marriage and family formation), but also suggests increasingly heterogeneous life course pathways that might not be as predictable, given the challenges in securing a job (or a spouse), after graduation. This study, thus, sheds light on the transition to adulthood among Bruneians, and offers a glimpse of the motivations behind increasing ages at first marriage, increasing proportions of female singlehood, and apparent desires for smaller families that characterise the Bruneian population today.","PeriodicalId":233891,"journal":{"name":"Pakistan Journal of Women's Studies: Alam-e-Niswan","volume":"38 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132298231","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 6

Wahid Jahan, a Reformer's Wife and Partner in Muslim Women's Reform at Aligarh Wahid Jahan是一位改革者的妻子，也是阿里格尔穆斯林妇女改革的合作伙伴

Pakistan Journal of Women's Studies: Alam-e-Niswan Pub Date : 2018-06-28 DOI: 10.46521/PJWS.025.01.0051

Shadab Bano

{"title":"Wahid Jahan, a Reformer's Wife and Partner in Muslim Women's Reform at Aligarh","authors":"Shadab Bano","doi":"10.46521/PJWS.025.01.0051","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46521/PJWS.025.01.0051","url":null,"abstract":"As the Muslim women’s question was articulated by men in the ‘reform’ movement (as in other communities), the participation of women was also by their (male) design; many times, women’s reform activities were seen as evidence of their own (male) progress. This paper examines the role of women initiated in the reform movement and the ‘role model’ they were expected to play, especially if educated and wedded to one active in ‘reform.’ The paper takes up the study of Wahid Jahan in reform, wife of Sheikh Abdullah, a pioneer in Muslim women’s education at Aligarh in the early twentieth century. Initiated in reform by her husband, and expected to follow his guidelines in all-important matters like being a ‘good wife’, her life would still be worthwhile to explore if the wife’s commitment and initiatives moved beyond the expectations or dictates of her husband. The paper thus, through biographical writings on Wahid Jahan, seeks to examine the larger question of reform normative and wife’s agency; whether it was possible for a wife as subordinate partner in reform and agent at home, to extend spaces for women both in the family and the school, or to separate herself from her roles.","PeriodicalId":233891,"journal":{"name":"Pakistan Journal of Women's Studies: Alam-e-Niswan","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124939906","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Women’s Rights Or Ontological Erasure? A Feminist Insight Into Women Protection Bill (2015) 妇女权利还是本体论的抹杀?女权主义视角下的妇女保护法案(2015)

Pakistan Journal of Women's Studies: Alam-e-Niswan Pub Date : 2018-06-28 DOI: 10.46521/PJWS.025.01.0055

Rabia Aamir

{"title":"Women’s Rights Or Ontological Erasure? A Feminist Insight Into Women Protection Bill (2015)","authors":"Rabia Aamir","doi":"10.46521/PJWS.025.01.0055","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46521/PJWS.025.01.0055","url":null,"abstract":"The schism created between man and woman in recent times of some past centuries has generated critical debates in different social frameworks. In Pakistan’s context, the recently passed bill for women’s protection has garnered a debate about certain structured gender roles that need be addressed to alleviate the sexual polarization that has ensued. While some religious factions have their apparently patriarchal concerns to resolve the perpetration of anti-patriarchal discourse that this bill seemingly initiates, this paper explores the manifestations of very pertinent anti-feminist concerns that this bill ensconces in its text, the discussion of which is mandatory for the peace and stability of this society. Drawing interstitially from Gayatri Chakravorty Spivak’s concept of the subaltern in a postcolonial context, the questioning of the parochial double-bound concept of post-coloniality and womanhood by Sara Suleri, and the legacy of Islamic feminism are three possible modes of addressing these relevant trepidations in the Pakistani context. Using this multi-pronged approach as a theoretical framework, this exploratory paper impresses an imperative of deconstructing the textual implications initiated by such issues as raised in this bill. Validating the common grounds of the three adopted approaches, this study is an attempt at revealing a multiplicity of meanings for objective cognizance.","PeriodicalId":233891,"journal":{"name":"Pakistan Journal of Women's Studies: Alam-e-Niswan","volume":"45 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127846022","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

The Unforgettable and Invisible Truth: A Study of Acquaintance Rape in Yejide Kilanko’s Daughters Who Walk This Path 难以忘怀和看不见的真相:叶吉德·基兰科《走这条路的女儿》中熟人强奸的研究

Pakistan Journal of Women's Studies: Alam-e-Niswan Pub Date : 2018-06-28 DOI: 10.46521/pjws.025.01.0057

Shamaila Dodhy

引用次数: 1

Experiences of Female Teachers in Elite and Non-Elite Private Schools of Pakistan 巴基斯坦精英与非精英私立学校女教师的经验

Pakistan Journal of Women's Studies: Alam-e-Niswan Pub Date : 2018-06-28 DOI: 10.46521/pjws.025.01.0054

Rabia Ali, Sheema Khan

{"title":"Experiences of Female Teachers in Elite and Non-Elite Private Schools of Pakistan","authors":"Rabia Ali, Sheema Khan","doi":"10.46521/pjws.025.01.0054","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46521/pjws.025.01.0054","url":null,"abstract":"This study examines the experiences of female teachers working in private schools in Islamabad, Pakistan. These schools were divided into two categories: elite schools and non- elite schools. This differentiation was made based on fee structure, location of schools and salaries offered to teachers. Thirty-six in-depth interviews were conducted, including 24 interviews from teachers and 12 from school principals. Additionally, the responses of 96 teachers were taken through a survey in the selected schools. The data reveals that female teachers in both elite and non-elite schools encountered numerous constraints. The major issues highlighted by the teachers included low wages, lack of support from administration, disrespectful behaviour from students and job dissatisfaction. The majority considered teaching as a temporary arrangement while they waited for better employment opportunities in other sectors. This study recommends that to rescue the profession of teaching, the state can play a role by safeguarding the rights of teachers. The focus should not be merely on privatization of the education sector but due accountability of private schools is needed not only in terms of quality of education provided, but also workplace ethics and resources provided to teachers.","PeriodicalId":233891,"journal":{"name":"Pakistan Journal of Women's Studies: Alam-e-Niswan","volume":"584 1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122721532","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Female Necessity And Opportunity Entrepreneurship: A Study Of Income Level And Social Progress 女性创业的必要性与机会:收入水平与社会进步的研究

Pakistan Journal of Women's Studies: Alam-e-Niswan Pub Date : 2018-06-28 DOI: 10.46521/PJWS.025.01.0058

A. Waseem

{"title":"Female Necessity And Opportunity Entrepreneurship: A Study Of Income Level And Social Progress","authors":"A. Waseem","doi":"10.46521/PJWS.025.01.0058","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46521/PJWS.025.01.0058","url":null,"abstract":"The number of female owned enterprises is gradually increasing as more and more women are starting their own businesses. This has encouraged, governments, policy makers, and scholars to focus on unearthing different individual, social, and economic factors, which can promote female entrepreneurial activities. However, a majority of the studies concerning female entrepreneurial activities have focused on their overall level of business start-ups. These studies have failed to delineate between necessity based and opportunity driven entrepreneurship. Moreover, little empirical work is done to investigate how different economic, social, and cultural factors shape women’s entrepreneurial initiatives. This study aims to fill the gap in the extant literature by investigating the impact of economic development and social progress on necessity based and opportunity driven entrepreneurship among females. For this purpose, data regarding different types of female entrepreneurship was collected from the Global Entrepreneurship Monitor, while Gross National Income, the Social Progress Index, and the Human Capital Index were used as measures to capture economic and social factors. Regression Analysis using the Ordinary Least Square method was used for hypothesis testing. Results of this study indicate that GNI per capita, social progress and human development are positively related with opportunity driven female entrepreneurship, while the same predictors are negatively associated with necessity-based entrepreneurship among women. Moreover, GNI per capita, social progress and human development have a U-shaped relationship with overall female entrepreneurship implying that at the left side of the curve, necessity-based entrepreneurship is more prominent, while on the other side opportunity driven entrepreneurship dominates. This finding shows that distinguishing between different types of entrepreneurship can provide more nuanced explanations regarding effects of different social and economic initiatives to foster entrepreneurial activities among women.","PeriodicalId":233891,"journal":{"name":"Pakistan Journal of Women's Studies: Alam-e-Niswan","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129779551","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1