Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases最新文献

{"title":"Clinical Significance of Various Pathogens Identified in Patients Experiencing Acute Exacerbations of COPD: A Multi-center Study in South Korea.","authors":"Hyun Woo Ji, Soojoung Yu, Yun Su Sim, Hyewon Seo, Jeong-Woong Park, Kyung Hoon Min, Deog Kyeom Kim, Hyun Woo Lee, Chin Kook Rhee, Yong Bum Park, Kyeong-Cheol Shin, Kwang Ha Yoo, Ji Ye Jung","doi":"10.4046/trd.2024.0089","DOIUrl":"10.4046/trd.2024.0089","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Respiratory infections play a major role in acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (AECOPD). This study assessed the prevalence of bacterial and viral pathogens and their clinical impact on patients with AECOPD.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This retrospective study included 1,186 patients diagnosed with AECOPD at 28 hospitals in South Korea between 2015 and 2018. We evaluated the identification rates of pathogens, basic patient characteristics, clinical features, and the factors associated with infections by potentially drug-resistant (PDR) pathogens using various microbiological tests.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Bacteria, viruses, and both were detected in 262 (22.1%), 265 (22.5%), and 129 (10.9%) of patients, respectively. The most common pathogens included Pseudomonas aeruginosa (17.8%), Mycoplasma pneumoniae (11.2%), Streptococcus pneumoniae (9.0%), influenza A virus (19.0%), rhinovirus (15.8%), and respiratory syncytial virus (6.4%). Notably, a history of pulmonary tuberculosis (odds ratio [OR], 1.66; p=0.046), bronchiectasis (OR, 1.99; p=0.032), and the use of a triple inhaler regimen within the past 6 months (OR, 2.04; p=0.005) were identified as significant factors associated with infection by PDR pathogens. Moreover, patients infected with PDR pathogens exhibited extended hospital stays (15.9 days vs. 12.4 days, p=0.018) and higher intensive care unit admission rates (15.9% vs. 9.5%, p=0.030).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study demonstrates that a variety of pathogens are involved in episodes of AECOPD. Nevertheless, additional research is required to confirm their role in the onset and progression of AECOPD.</p>","PeriodicalId":23368,"journal":{"name":"Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases","volume":" ","pages":"292-302"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12010712/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142907590","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Relationship between the Geriatric Nutrition Risk Index and the Prognosis of Severe Coronavirus Disease 2019 in Korea.","authors":"Hye Ju Yeo, Daesup Lee, Mose Chun, Jin Ho Jang, Sunghoon Park, Su Hwan Lee, Onyu Park, Tae Hwa Kim, Woo Hyun Cho","doi":"10.4046/trd.2024.0109","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4046/trd.2024.0109","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Malnutrition exacerbates the prognosis of numerous diseases; however, its specific impact on severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outcomes remains insufficiently explored.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This multicenter study in Korea evaluated the nutritional status of 1,088 adults with severe COVID-19 using the Geriatric Nutritional Risk Index (GNRI) based on serum albumin levels and body weight. The patients were categorized into two groups: GNRI &gt;98 (no-risk) and GNRI ≤98 (risk). Propensity score matching, adjusted for demographic and clinical variables, was conducted.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of the 1,088 patients, 642 (59%) were classified as at risk of malnutrition. Propensity score matching revealed significant disparities in hospital (34.3% vs. 19.4%, p&lt;0.001) and intensive care unit (ICU) mortality (31.5% vs. 18.9%, p&lt;0.001) between the groups. The risk group was associated with a higher hospital mortality rate in the multivariate Cox regression analyses following propensity score adjustment (hazard ratio [HR], 1.64; p=0.001). Among the 670 elderly patients, 450 were at risk of malnutrition. Furthermore, the risk group demonstrated significantly higher hospital (52.1% vs. 29.5%, p&lt;0.001) and ICU mortality rates (47.2% vs. 29.1%, p&lt;0.001). The risk group was significantly associated with increased hospital mortality rates in the multivariate analyses following propensity score adjustment (HR, 1.66; p=0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Malnutrition, as indicated by a low GNRI, was associated with increased mortality in patients with severe COVID-19. This effect was also observed in the elderly population. These findings underscore the critical importance of nutritional assessment and effective interventions for patients with severe COVID-19.</p>","PeriodicalId":23368,"journal":{"name":"Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases","volume":"88 2","pages":"369-379"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12010725/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144053246","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Increased Neutrophil Elastase in Affected Lobes of Bronchiectasis and Correlation of Its Levels between Sputum and Bronchial Lavage Fluid.","authors":"Lam Nguyen-Ho, Hoang Kim Tu Trinh, Vu Le-Thuong, Kieu Minh Le, Van Thanh Niem Vo, Diem My Vu, Ngoc Tran-Van, James D Chalmers","doi":"10.4046/trd.2024.0078","DOIUrl":"10.4046/trd.2024.0078","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Neutrophil elastase (NE) has been proposed as a potential biomarker for evaluating the severity and prognosis of bronchiectasis. This study aimed to compare bronchial lavage quantification of NE levels and activities with those of sputum.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A cross-sectional study was conducted in which 24 Vietnamese adults with bronchiectasis were enrolled from June 2023 to August 2023. All participants underwent bronchoscopy to collect bronchial lavage fluid (BLF) from two bronchial locations: one in the region with the greatest bronchial dilatation and one in the normal bronchi or in patients with all lobes affected, the least abnormal lobe (abnormal BLF [ABLF] and normal BLF [NBLF], respectively). Spontaneously expectorated sputum was also collected.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Out of 24 cases, the prevalence of mild, moderate and severe bronchiectasis was 14/24 (58.4%), 5/24 (20.8%), and 5/24 (20.8%), respectively. NE concentration and activity were significantly higher in sputum and ABLF than in NBLF (p&lt;0.001). Sputum and ABLF were highly correlated (r=0.841, p&lt;0.001) with no significant difference in NE activity between sputum and ABLF. Higher levels of NE activity were seen in more severe bronchiectasis than in mild bronchiectasis in all samples but were only statistically significant for NE activity in sputum (r=0.418, p=0.042).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>NE activity and concentration are elevated in areas of the lung most affected by bronchiectasis. Sputum is a valid surrogate of pulmonary NE levels, as they correlate strongly with ABLF and confirm in a Vietnamese population the relationship between NE activity and disease severity.</p>","PeriodicalId":23368,"journal":{"name":"Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases","volume":" ","pages":"399-407"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12010715/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142979986","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Adherence to Pharmacological Management Guidelines for Stable Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease.","authors":"Sang Min Han, Hyo Seon Kim, Seung Yong Park, Heung Bum Lee, Young Bum Park, Chin Kook Rhee, Youlim Kim, Seoung Ju Park","doi":"10.4046/trd.2024.0130","DOIUrl":"10.4046/trd.2024.0130","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>This study evaluated adherence to the Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease (GOLD) and Korean guidelines in the prescription patterns of respiratory specialists for stable chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) management.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Data were collected on medications from 2011 to 2022 using the Korea COPD Subtype Study (KOCOSS) cohort. Patients were divided into two groups: those registered before and after 2019, and we analyzed the percentage of patients meeting the recommended treatment criteria established by each guideline.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among 3,477 patients, 85.6% received pharmacological therapy, and 81.6% utilized inhaled medications. Compared to patients enrolled before 2019, there was an increase in inhaler prescriptions among those registered after 2019 (79.7% vs. 86.7%), with dual bronchodilators being the predominant therapy prescribed. Of the patients receiving treatment, 56.9% adhered to the Korean 2018 guideline. Compliance with the GOLD 2019 and GOLD 2023 guidelines was observed in 31.3% and 28.0% of cases, respectively. When analyzing inhaler prescription patterns according to both subgroups and considering the Korean 2018, GOLD 2019, and GOLD 2023 guidelines concurrently, the adherence rates were as follows: (56.6%, 37.8%, 24.0%) and (57.7%, 14.0%, 38.6%).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Adherence rates were higher for the Korean guideline compared to the GOLD recommendations. Furthermore, alignment with both the Korean 2018 and GOLD 2023 guidelines increased among patients enrolled after 2019, compared to those registered earlier. These findings suggest that physicians are modifying their therapeutic strategies to align with both domestic and recent international guidelines.</p>","PeriodicalId":23368,"journal":{"name":"Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases","volume":" ","pages":"310-321"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12010719/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143366055","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Management of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease in Vietnam during the COVID-19 Period: Current Situation and Challenges.","authors":"Thuy Thanh Phan, Giap Van Vu, Chau Quy Ngo","doi":"10.4046/trd.2024.0140","DOIUrl":"10.4046/trd.2024.0140","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>To assess the alterations in exacerbation rates, other clinical outcomes, and to identify persistent challenges in the management of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) in Vietnamese COPD management units (CMUs).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A multi-center, prospective cohort study was conducted on COPD within the CMUs of three study sites. The primary endpoint was exacerbation frequency. Data on demographic and clinical characteristics were collected at the initiation of the study. Participants were followed for 12 to 15 months after enrollment.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Throughout the follow-up period, a decrease was noted in the prevalence of patients requiring hospitalization (from 42.3% to 34.4%) and intensive care unit/emergency department admissions (from 5.7% to 0.6%). The annual rates of exacerbation and hospitalization were 0.75±0.89 and 0.56±0.70, respectively. Factors such as symptom severity, degree of airflow obstruction, and body mass index were associated with increased exacerbation frequency and elevated annual exacerbation rates. Our findings underscore the complexities and obstacles encountered in managing COPD during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, including the rise in smoking prevalence, inadequate testing rates, and non-compliance with established treatment guidelines.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our study elucidates the challenges and difficulties in managing COPD amidst the COVID-19 pandemic, highlighting issues such as increased smoking rates, insufficient testing, and deviations from established therapeutic guidelines. These insights lay the groundwork for future intervention strategies and policy enhancements.</p>","PeriodicalId":23368,"journal":{"name":"Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases","volume":" ","pages":"322-333"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12010720/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143383210","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Update in Association between Lung Cancer and Air Pollution.","authors":"Jiye Yoo, Yongchan Lee, Youngil Park, Jongin Lee, Joon Young Choi, Heekwan Lee, Jeong Uk Lim","doi":"10.4046/trd.2024.0092","DOIUrl":"10.4046/trd.2024.0092","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A significant portion of newly diagnosed lung cancer cases occurs in populations exposed to air pollution. The World Health Organization has identified air pollution as a human carcinogen, prompting many countries to implement monitoring systems for ambient particulate matter (PM). PM is composed of a complex mixture of organic and inorganic particles, both solid and liquid, that are found in the air. Given the carcinogenic properties of PM and the high prevalence of lung cancer among exposed populations, exploring their connection and clinical implications is critical for effectively preventing lung cancer in this group. This review explores the relationship between ambient PM and lung cancer. Epidemiological studies have demonstrated a dose-response relationship between PM exposure and lung cancer risk. PM exposure induces oxidative stress, disrupts the body's redox balance, and causes DNA damage, which is a crucial factor in cancer development. Recent findings on the strong correlation between ambient PM and adenocarcinoma highlight the importance of understanding the specific molecular and pathological mechanisms underlying pollution-related lung cancer. In addition to efforts to control emission sources at the international level, a more individualized approach is essential for preventing PM-related lung cancer.</p>","PeriodicalId":23368,"journal":{"name":"Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases","volume":" ","pages":"228-236"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12010724/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142808167","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"International Severe Asthma Registry (ISAR): 2017-2024 Status and Progress Update.","authors":"Désirée Larenas-Linnemann, Chin Kook Rhee, Alan Altraja, John Busby, Trung N Tran, Eileen Wang, Todor A Popov, Patrick D Mitchell, Paul E Pfeffer, Roy Alton Pleasants, Rohit Katial, Mariko Siyue Koh, Arnaud Bourdin, Florence Schleich, Jorge Máspero, Mark Hew, Matthew J Peters, David J Jackson, George C Christoff, Luis Perez-de-Llano, Ivan Cherrez-Ojeda, João A Fonseca, Richard W Costello, Carlos A Torres-Duque, Piotr Kuna, Andrew N Menzies-Gow, Neda Stjepanovic, Peter G Gibson, Paulo Márcio Pitrez, Celine Bergeron, Celeste M Porsbjerg, Camille Taillé, Christian Taube, Nikolaos G Papadopoulos, Andriana I Papaioannou, Sundeep Salvi, Giorgio Walter Canonica, Enrico Heffler, Takashi Iwanaga, Mona S Al-Ahmad, Sverre Lehmann, Riyad Al-Lehebi, Borja G Cosio, Diahn-Warng Perng, Bassam Mahboub, Liam G Heaney, Pujan H Patel, Njira Lugogo, Michael E Wechsler, Lakmini Bulathsinhala, Victoria Carter, Kirsty Fletton, David L Neil, Ghislaine Scelo, David B Price","doi":"10.4046/trd.2024.0198","DOIUrl":"10.4046/trd.2024.0198","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The International Severe Asthma Registry (ISAR) was established in 2017 to advance the understanding of severe asthma and its management, thereby improving patient care worldwide. As the first global registry for adults with severe asthma, ISAR enabled individual registries to standardize and pool their data, creating a comprehensive, harmonized dataset with sufficient statistical power to address key research questions and knowledge gaps. Today, ISAR is the largest repository of real-world data on severe asthma, curating data on nearly 35,000 patients from 28 countries worldwide, and has become a leading contributor to severe asthma research. Research using ISAR data has provided valuable insights on the characteristics of severe asthma, its burdens and risk factors, real-world treatment effectiveness, and barriers to specialist care, which are collectively informing improved asthma management. Besides changing clinical thinking via research, ISAR aims to advance real-world practice through initiatives that improve registry data quality and severe asthma care. In 2024, ISAR refined essential research variables to enhance data quality and launched a web-based data acquisition and reporting system (QISAR), which integrates data collection with clinical consultations and enables longitudinal data tracking at patient, center, and population levels. Quality improvement priorities include collecting standardized data during consultations and tracking and optimizing patient journeys via QISAR and integrating primary/secondary care pathways to expedite specialist severe asthma management and facilitate clinical trial recruitment. ISAR envisions a future in which timely specialist referral and initiation of biologic therapy can obviate long-term systemic corticosteroid use and enable more patients to achieve remission.</p>","PeriodicalId":23368,"journal":{"name":"Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases","volume":" ","pages":"193-215"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12010726/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143366126","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Korean Guidelines for Diagnosis and Management of Interstitial Lung Diseases: Connective Tissue Disease Associated Interstitial Lung Disease.","authors":"Ju Hyun Oh, Jae Ha Lee, Sung Jun Chung, Young Seok Lee, Tae-Hyeong Kim, Tae-Jung Kim, Joo Hun Park","doi":"10.4046/trd.2024.0148","DOIUrl":"10.4046/trd.2024.0148","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Connective tissue disease (CTD), comprising a range of autoimmune disorders, is often accompanied by lung involvement, which can lead to life-threatening complications. The primary types of CTDs that manifest as interstitial lung disease (ILD) include rheumatoid arthritis, systemic sclerosis, Sjögren's syndrome, mixed CTD, idiopathic inflammatory myopathies, and systemic lupus erythematosus. CTD-ILD presents a significant challenge in clinical diagnosis and management due to its heterogeneous nature and variable prognosis. Early diagnosis through clinical, serological, and radiographic assessments is crucial for distinguishing CTD-ILD from idiopathic forms and for implementing appropriate therapeutic strategies. Hence, we have reviewed the multiple clinical manifestations and diagnostic approaches for each type of CTD-ILD, acknowledging the diversity and complexity of the disease. The importance of a multidisciplinary approach in optimizing the management of CTD-ILD is emphasized by recent therapeutic advancements, which include immunosuppressive agents, antifibrotic therapies, and newer biological agents targeting specific pathways involved in the pathogenesis. Therapeutic strategies should be customized according to the type of CTD, the extent of lung involvement, and the presence of extrapulmonary manifestations. Additionally, we aimed to provide clinical guidance, including therapeutic recommendations, for the effective management of CTD-ILD, based on patient, intervention, comparison, outcome (PICO) analysis.</p>","PeriodicalId":23368,"journal":{"name":"Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases","volume":" ","pages":"247-263"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12010728/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142972307","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bibliometric Analysis of Nontuberculous Mycobacteria Research in South Korea.","authors":"Geunin Lee, Young Ae Kang, Youngmok Park","doi":"10.4046/trd.2024.0158","DOIUrl":"10.4046/trd.2024.0158","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Current research on nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) is multidisciplinary, necessitating proper organization to obtain comprehensive insight. Therefore, a bibliometric analysis was performed to identify NTM research characteristics in South Korea.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The Web of Science was searched for NTM articles authored by Koreans at Korean institutions until March 2023. We collected data on authors, publication year, article type, study design, research area, citations, research institutes, and funding sources.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of the 28,092 articles on NTM, Koreans authored 868. After excluding 167 unrelated studies, 701 relevant articles were analyzed. The first study was from 1992, with publication rates markedly increasing from 2004 onward. Basic research constituted 41.3% (n=290) of the papers, whereas clinical research represented 44.7% (n=313). Basic research consisted mostly of biochemistry studies (n=73, 10.4%), whereas clinical research primarily involved retrospective studies (n=118, 16.8%). Fifty-four institutions participated in NTM research, with the top five contributing to 71% (n=498) of the publications. The National Research Foundation of Korea was the most significant funding source, supporting 181 studies (32.5% of funded articles). Citation analysis revealed a median citation count of 10 (interquartile range, 3 to 13), with clinical research dominating the top-cited articles and a rise in publications in high-impact journals over time.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The quality and quantity of NTM research in South Korea has improved. However, it is concentrated in a few institutions and is largely funded by a few sources. Future research should use more diverse funding sources, be conducted in more institutions, and prioritize prospective study designs to enhance the understanding and treatment of NTM.</p>","PeriodicalId":23368,"journal":{"name":"Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases","volume":" ","pages":"353-360"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12010718/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142979984","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Request for Study Design Modification in Examining Nutritional Intake and Muscle Strength in Individuals with Airflow Limitation.","authors":"Ming-Che Chang, Chii-Lan Lin, Fong-Fong Tsai, Hwei-Mei Tai, Chih-Wei Kuo, Hon-Kwong Ma, Chih-Chung Shiao","doi":"10.4046/trd.2024.0171","DOIUrl":"10.4046/trd.2024.0171","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":23368,"journal":{"name":"Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases","volume":" ","pages":"408-410"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12010714/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142710822","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}