Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases最新文献_第2页

Understanding of Patients with Severe COVID-19 Using Lung Ultrasound. 肺部超声对重症COVID-19患者的了解。

IF 2.5

Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases Pub Date : 2025-04-01 Epub Date: 2025-01-06 DOI: 10.4046/trd.2024.0025

Seo-Hee Yang, Eun Ju Park, Jung-Hyun Kim, Jin Woo Song, Young-Jae Cho

{"title":"Understanding of Patients with Severe COVID-19 Using Lung Ultrasound.","authors":"Seo-Hee Yang, Eun Ju Park, Jung-Hyun Kim, Jin Woo Song, Young-Jae Cho","doi":"10.4046/trd.2024.0025","DOIUrl":"10.4046/trd.2024.0025","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Lung ultrasound (LUS) has proven valuable in the initial assessment of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), but its role in detecting pulmonary fibrosis following intensive care remains unclear. This study aims to assess the presence of pulmonary sequelae and fibrosis-like changes using LUS in survivors of severe COVID-19 pneumonia one month after discharge.Methods: We prospectively enrolled patients with severe COVID-19 who required mechanical ventilation in the intensive care unit (ICU) and conducted LUS assessments from admission to the outpatient visit after discharge. We tracked changes in key LUS findings and applied our proprietary LUS scoring system. To evaluate LUS accuracy, we correlated measured LUS values with computed tomography scores.Results: We evaluated B-line presence, pleural thickness, and consolidation in 14 eligible patients. The LUS scores exhibited minimal changes, with values of 19.1, 19.2, and 17.5 at admission, discharge, and the outpatient visit, respectively. Notably, the number of B-lines decreased significantly, from 1.92 at admission to 0.56 at the outpatient visit (p<0.05), while pleural thickness increased significantly, from 2.05 at admission to 2.48 at the outpatient visit (p≤0.05).Conclusion: This study demonstrates that LUS can track changes in lung abnormalities in severe COVID-19 patients from ICU admission through to outpatient follow-up. While pleural thickening and B-line patterns showed significant changes, no correlation was found between LUS and high-resolution computed tomography fibrosis scores. These findings suggest that LUS may serve as a supplementary tool for assessing pulmonary recovery in severe COVID-19 cases.","PeriodicalId":23368,"journal":{"name":"Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases","volume":" ","pages":"380-387"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12010727/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143012386","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Home High-Flow Nasal Cannula in Patients with Chronic Respiratory Failure: A Literature Review and Suggestions for Clinical Practice. 家用高流量鼻插管治疗慢性呼吸衰竭：文献回顾及临床应用建议。

IF 2.5

Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases Pub Date : 2025-04-01 Epub Date: 2025-02-18 DOI: 10.4046/trd.2024.0196

Youjin Chang, Moon Seong Baek, Sei Won Kim, Su Hwan Lee, Jung Soo Kim, So Young Park, Jin Woo Kim, Jae Hwa Cho, Sunghoon Park

{"title":"Home High-Flow Nasal Cannula in Patients with Chronic Respiratory Failure: A Literature Review and Suggestions for Clinical Practice.","authors":"Youjin Chang, Moon Seong Baek, Sei Won Kim, Su Hwan Lee, Jung Soo Kim, So Young Park, Jin Woo Kim, Jae Hwa Cho, Sunghoon Park","doi":"10.4046/trd.2024.0196","DOIUrl":"10.4046/trd.2024.0196","url":null,"abstract":"High-flow nasal cannula (HFNC) is a noninvasive respiratory support system that delivers air that is heated at 31°C-38°C, humidified 100%, and oxygen-enriched at a constant high flow rate of 15-60 L/min. Because of its numerous physiological benefits, convenience, and minimal side effects, HFNC has been increasingly used over the past decade in patients with acute hypoxemic respiratory failure, yet the clinical benefits of long-term HFNC remain uncertain. Several studies have suggested its potential use as an alternative home oxygen therapy for patients with chronic stable lung diseases, such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), interstitial lung disease, and bronchiectasis. The use of long-term home HFNC in patients with chronic respiratory failure is an emerging area with promising potential. Despite limited clinical research, this review aims to describe the physiology of HFNC use and summarize the current evidence on its long-term application, to provide healthcare providers with insights and perspectives on the potential role of long-term home HFNC.","PeriodicalId":23368,"journal":{"name":"Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases","volume":" ","pages":"264-277"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12010723/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143449789","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Pharmacologic Therapies for Preventing Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Exacerbations: A Comprehensive Review. 预防COPD恶化的药物治疗：一项综合综述。

IF 2.5

Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases Pub Date : 2025-04-01 Epub Date: 2025-02-04 DOI: 10.4046/trd.2024.0170

Hyun Woo Lee

{"title":"Pharmacologic Therapies for Preventing Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Exacerbations: A Comprehensive Review.","authors":"Hyun Woo Lee","doi":"10.4046/trd.2024.0170","DOIUrl":"10.4046/trd.2024.0170","url":null,"abstract":"Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a progressive respiratory disorder characterized by acute exacerbations that accelerate disease progression, increase hospitalizations, and elevate mortality. Effective management focuses on preventing these exacerbations owing to their significant impact on long-term outcomes. This review compiles current evidence regarding pharmacologic interventions aimed at reducing exacerbations, which include inhaled therapies, oral treatments, and novel agents. Established inhaled agents, such as long-acting beta-agonists, long-acting muscarinic antagonists, and combinations of inhaled corticosteroids, are fundamental, with the personalized selection based on patient-specific factors like blood eosinophil levels and history of exacerbations. Oral treatments, including roflumilast and azithromycin, confer additional benefits for patients with particular characteristics, such as chronic bronchitis or frequent exacerbations. Roflumilast effectively reduces exacerbations as a phosphodiesterase 4 (PDE-4) inhibitor in conjunction with inhaled therapies, while azithromycin provides anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial properties, particularly advantageous for elderly former smokers. Innovative therapies such as ensifentrine, a dual PDE-3/4 inhibitor, and dupilumab, which targets type 2 inflammation, demonstrate potential for lowering exacerbations in specific subgroups. This body of evidence endorses a personalized, phenotype-driven approach to COPD management, aimed at optimizing therapeutic strategies to decrease exacerbation frequency and enhance patient outcomes.","PeriodicalId":23368,"journal":{"name":"Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases","volume":" ","pages":"216-227"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12010717/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143190752","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Korean Guidelines for Diagnosis and Management of Interstitial Lung Diseases: Park 7. Sarcoidosis. 韩国肺间质性疾病的诊断和管理指南：Park 7。结节病。

IF 2.5

Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases Pub Date : 2025-04-01 DOI: 10.4046/trd.2024.0202

Eun Joo Lee, Yangjin Jegal, Dong Won Park, Jimyung Park, Jun-Pyo Myong, Ji-Hyun Lee, Bo Hyoung Kang

{"title":"Korean Guidelines for Diagnosis and Management of Interstitial Lung Diseases: Park 7. Sarcoidosis.","authors":"Eun Joo Lee, Yangjin Jegal, Dong Won Park, Jimyung Park, Jun-Pyo Myong, Ji-Hyun Lee, Bo Hyoung Kang","doi":"10.4046/trd.2024.0202","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4046/trd.2024.0202","url":null,"abstract":"Sarcoidosis is a granulomatous inflammatory disease of unknown etiology that can affect the entire body, but respiratory tract involvement is most common. In radiological findings, bilateral hilar and mediastinal lymph node enlargement is the most common finding, and when lung parenchyma is involved, findings such as micronodules, ground-glass shadows, reticular shadows, and fibrosis are seen. Biopsies for histological diagnosis are mainly performed on lymph nodes or lungs, and mediastinal lymph node biopsies are done via endobronchochial ultrasound-guided fine needle aspiration. Pathological findings are characterized by non-caseating, non-necrotizing granulomas, and in Korea, differentiation from tuberculosis is especially important. The natural history of sarcoidosis is very variable, with approximately two-thirds of subjects showing spontaneous remission and only 10-30% of patients showing a chronic or progressive form. The most important factor in determining treatment is whether there is a risk of death, organ failure, or loss of quality of life. Glucocorticosteroids are the mainstay of treatment, and if the disease progresses despite treatment, or if glucocorticosteroids cannot be reduced or cannot be used, immunosuppressants such as methotrexate and azathioprine can be considered. Response to glucocorticosteroids treatment is good, and most of the patients stabilize or improve, with a low mortality rate around 3-5%.","PeriodicalId":23368,"journal":{"name":"Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143754685","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Application of Artificial Intelligence in Thoracic Radiology: A Narrative Review. 人工智能在胸部放射学中的应用：人工智能在胸部放射学中的应用：叙述性综述（人工智能在胸部放射学中的应用）。

IF 2.5

Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases Pub Date : 2025-04-01 Epub Date: 2024-12-17 DOI: 10.4046/trd.2024.0062

Woo Hyeon Lim, Hyungjin Kim

引用次数: 0

Kernel Conversion Improves the Correlation between the Extent of Emphysema and Clinical Parameters in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: A Multicenter Cohort Study. 核转换改善COPD患者肺气肿程度与临床参数的相关性：一项多中心队列研究。

IF 2.5

Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases Pub Date : 2025-04-01 Epub Date: 2025-02-04 DOI: 10.4046/trd.2024.0166

Tai Joon An, Youlim Kim, Hyun Lee, Hyeon-Kyoung Koo, Naoya Tanabe, Kum Ju Chae, Kwang Ha Yoo

{"title":"Kernel Conversion Improves the Correlation between the Extent of Emphysema and Clinical Parameters in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: A Multicenter Cohort Study.","authors":"Tai Joon An, Youlim Kim, Hyun Lee, Hyeon-Kyoung Koo, Naoya Tanabe, Kum Ju Chae, Kwang Ha Yoo","doi":"10.4046/trd.2024.0166","DOIUrl":"10.4046/trd.2024.0166","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Computed tomography (CT) scans are utilized to assess emphysema, a prominent phenotype of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Variability in CT protocols and equipment across hospitals can impact accuracy. This study aims to implement kernel conversion across different CT settings and evaluate changes in the correlation between the emphysema index pre- and post-kernel conversion, along with clinical measures in COPD patients.Methods: Data were extracted from the Korea COPD Subgroup Study database, which included CT scan images from 484 COPD patients. These images underwent kernel conversion. Emphysema extent was quantified using the percentage of low-attenuation areas (%LAA-950) determined by a deep learning-based program. The correlation between %LAA-950 and clinical parameters, including lung function tests, the modified Medical Research Council (mMRC), 6-minute walking distance (6MWD), COPD assessment test (CAT), and the St. George's Respiratory Questionnaire for COPD (SGRQ-c), was analyzed. Subsequently, these values were compared across various CT settings.Results: A total of 484 participants were included. Kernel conversion significantly reduced the variance in %LAA-950 values (before vs. after: 12.6±11.0 vs. 8.8±11.9). Post-kernel conversion, %LAA-950 demonstrated moderate correlations with forced expiratory volume in 1 second (r=-0.41), residual volume/total lung capacity (r=0.42), mMRC (r=0.25), CAT score (r=0.12), SGRQ-c (r=0.21), and 6MWD (r=0.15), all of which were improved compared to the unconverted dataset (all p<0.01).Conclusion: CT images processed through kernel conversion enhance the correlation between the extent of emphysema and clinical parameters in COPD.","PeriodicalId":23368,"journal":{"name":"Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases","volume":" ","pages":"303-309"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12010709/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143190749","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Better Chemotherapeutic Response of Small Cell Lung Cancer in Never Smokers than in Smokers. 从不吸烟者比吸烟者对小细胞肺癌的化疗反应更好。

IF 2.5

Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases Pub Date : 2025-04-01 Epub Date: 2025-02-11 DOI: 10.4046/trd.2024.0056

Ha-Young Park, Hyung-Joo Oh, Hwa Kyung Park, Joon-Young Yoon, Chang-Seok Yoon, Bo Gun Kho, Tae-Ok Kim, Hong-Joon Shin, Chul-Kyu Park, Yong-Soo Kwon, Yu-Il Kim, Sung-Chul Lim, Young-Chul Kim, In-Jae Oh

{"title":"Better Chemotherapeutic Response of Small Cell Lung Cancer in Never Smokers than in Smokers.","authors":"Ha-Young Park, Hyung-Joo Oh, Hwa Kyung Park, Joon-Young Yoon, Chang-Seok Yoon, Bo Gun Kho, Tae-Ok Kim, Hong-Joon Shin, Chul-Kyu Park, Yong-Soo Kwon, Yu-Il Kim, Sung-Chul Lim, Young-Chul Kim, In-Jae Oh","doi":"10.4046/trd.2024.0056","DOIUrl":"10.4046/trd.2024.0056","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Small cell lung cancer (SCLC) is called 'smoker's disease' because it is strongly associated with smoking and most cases occur in smokers. However, it can also occur in never smokers. We investigated the clinical features of never smokers with SCLC and compared their treatment outcomes with those of smokers with SCLC.Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the clinical data of patients who had proven SCLC and had received chemotherapy at a single cancer center between July 2002 and April 2021.Results: Of 1,643 patients, 1,416 (86.2%) were enrolled in this study. A total of 162 (11.4%) and 1,254 (88.6%) patients were never smokers and smokers, respectively. There were more female never smokers than smokers (n=130; 80.2% vs. 79, 6.3%, p=0.000), and the incidence of ischemic heart disease was lower among never smokers than among smokers (4/1,416, [2.5%] vs. 83/1,416 [6.6%], p=0.036). Never smokers showed less symptoms at diagnosis than smokers (80.9% vs. 87.2%, p=0.037); however, they showed more toxicity after first-line treatment (61.7% vs. 47.8%, p=0.001). The objective response rate (ORR) was significantly higher in never smokers (74.1% vs. 59.6%, p=0.000). In the multivariate analysis, never smoking and second-line treatment were associated with a better ORR. However, progression-free survival and overall survival were not significantly different between never smokers and smokers.Conclusion: In conclusion, never smokers accounted for 11.4% of patients with SCLC. They had distinguishing clinical characteristics and showed better chemotherapeutic responses than smokers.","PeriodicalId":23368,"journal":{"name":"Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases","volume":" ","pages":"334-341"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12010716/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143399944","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Clinical Significance of Various Pathogens Identified in Patients Experiencing Acute Exacerbations of COPD: A Multi-center Study in South Korea. 慢性阻塞性肺病急性加重患者中各种病原体的临床意义：韩国的一项多中心研究

IF 2.5

Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases Pub Date : 2025-04-01 Epub Date: 2024-12-30 DOI: 10.4046/trd.2024.0089

Hyun Woo Ji, Soojoung Yu, Yun Su Sim, Hyewon Seo, Jeong-Woong Park, Kyung Hoon Min, Deog Kyeom Kim, Hyun Woo Lee, Chin Kook Rhee, Yong Bum Park, Kyeong-Cheol Shin, Kwang Ha Yoo, Ji Ye Jung

{"title":"Clinical Significance of Various Pathogens Identified in Patients Experiencing Acute Exacerbations of COPD: A Multi-center Study in South Korea.","authors":"Hyun Woo Ji, Soojoung Yu, Yun Su Sim, Hyewon Seo, Jeong-Woong Park, Kyung Hoon Min, Deog Kyeom Kim, Hyun Woo Lee, Chin Kook Rhee, Yong Bum Park, Kyeong-Cheol Shin, Kwang Ha Yoo, Ji Ye Jung","doi":"10.4046/trd.2024.0089","DOIUrl":"10.4046/trd.2024.0089","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Respiratory infections play a major role in acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (AECOPD). This study assessed the prevalence of bacterial and viral pathogens and their clinical impact on patients with AECOPD.Methods: This retrospective study included 1,186 patients diagnosed with AECOPD at 28 hospitals in South Korea between 2015 and 2018. We evaluated the identification rates of pathogens, basic patient characteristics, clinical features, and the factors associated with infections by potentially drug-resistant (PDR) pathogens using various microbiological tests.Results: Bacteria, viruses, and both were detected in 262 (22.1%), 265 (22.5%), and 129 (10.9%) of patients, respectively. The most common pathogens included Pseudomonas aeruginosa (17.8%), Mycoplasma pneumoniae (11.2%), Streptococcus pneumoniae (9.0%), influenza A virus (19.0%), rhinovirus (15.8%), and respiratory syncytial virus (6.4%). Notably, a history of pulmonary tuberculosis (odds ratio [OR], 1.66; p=0.046), bronchiectasis (OR, 1.99; p=0.032), and the use of a triple inhaler regimen within the past 6 months (OR, 2.04; p=0.005) were identified as significant factors associated with infection by PDR pathogens. Moreover, patients infected with PDR pathogens exhibited extended hospital stays (15.9 days vs. 12.4 days, p=0.018) and higher intensive care unit admission rates (15.9% vs. 9.5%, p=0.030).Conclusion: This study demonstrates that a variety of pathogens are involved in episodes of AECOPD. Nevertheless, additional research is required to confirm their role in the onset and progression of AECOPD.","PeriodicalId":23368,"journal":{"name":"Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases","volume":" ","pages":"292-302"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12010712/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142907590","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Relationship between the Geriatric Nutrition Risk Index and the Prognosis of Severe Coronavirus Disease 2019 in Korea. 韩国老年人营养风险指数与2019年严重冠状病毒病预后的关系

IF 2.5

Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases Pub Date : 2025-04-01 Epub Date: 2025-01-06 DOI: 10.4046/trd.2024.0109

Hye Ju Yeo, Daesup Lee, Mose Chun, Jin Ho Jang, Sunghoon Park, Su Hwan Lee, Onyu Park, Tae Hwa Kim, Woo Hyun Cho

{"title":"Relationship between the Geriatric Nutrition Risk Index and the Prognosis of Severe Coronavirus Disease 2019 in Korea.","authors":"Hye Ju Yeo, Daesup Lee, Mose Chun, Jin Ho Jang, Sunghoon Park, Su Hwan Lee, Onyu Park, Tae Hwa Kim, Woo Hyun Cho","doi":"10.4046/trd.2024.0109","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4046/trd.2024.0109","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Malnutrition exacerbates the prognosis of numerous diseases; however, its specific impact on severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outcomes remains insufficiently explored.Methods: This multicenter study in Korea evaluated the nutritional status of 1,088 adults with severe COVID-19 using the Geriatric Nutritional Risk Index (GNRI) based on serum albumin levels and body weight. The patients were categorized into two groups: GNRI >98 (no-risk) and GNRI ≤98 (risk). Propensity score matching, adjusted for demographic and clinical variables, was conducted.Results: Of the 1,088 patients, 642 (59%) were classified as at risk of malnutrition. Propensity score matching revealed significant disparities in hospital (34.3% vs. 19.4%, p<0.001) and intensive care unit (ICU) mortality (31.5% vs. 18.9%, p<0.001) between the groups. The risk group was associated with a higher hospital mortality rate in the multivariate Cox regression analyses following propensity score adjustment (hazard ratio [HR], 1.64; p=0.001). Among the 670 elderly patients, 450 were at risk of malnutrition. Furthermore, the risk group demonstrated significantly higher hospital (52.1% vs. 29.5%, p<0.001) and ICU mortality rates (47.2% vs. 29.1%, p<0.001). The risk group was significantly associated with increased hospital mortality rates in the multivariate analyses following propensity score adjustment (HR, 1.66; p=0.001).Conclusion: Malnutrition, as indicated by a low GNRI, was associated with increased mortality in patients with severe COVID-19. This effect was also observed in the elderly population. These findings underscore the critical importance of nutritional assessment and effective interventions for patients with severe COVID-19.","PeriodicalId":23368,"journal":{"name":"Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases","volume":"88 2","pages":"369-379"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12010725/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144053246","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Increased Neutrophil Elastase in Affected Lobes of Bronchiectasis and Correlation of Its Levels between Sputum and Bronchial Lavage Fluid. 支气管扩张受累肺叶中性粒细胞弹性酶增高及其痰液和支气管灌洗液水平的相关性

IF 2.5

Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases Pub Date : 2025-04-01 Epub Date: 2025-01-14 DOI: 10.4046/trd.2024.0078

Lam Nguyen-Ho, Hoang Kim Tu Trinh, Vu Le-Thuong, Kieu Minh Le, Van Thanh Niem Vo, Diem My Vu, Ngoc Tran-Van, James D Chalmers

{"title":"Increased Neutrophil Elastase in Affected Lobes of Bronchiectasis and Correlation of Its Levels between Sputum and Bronchial Lavage Fluid.","authors":"Lam Nguyen-Ho, Hoang Kim Tu Trinh, Vu Le-Thuong, Kieu Minh Le, Van Thanh Niem Vo, Diem My Vu, Ngoc Tran-Van, James D Chalmers","doi":"10.4046/trd.2024.0078","DOIUrl":"10.4046/trd.2024.0078","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Neutrophil elastase (NE) has been proposed as a potential biomarker for evaluating the severity and prognosis of bronchiectasis. This study aimed to compare bronchial lavage quantification of NE levels and activities with those of sputum.Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in which 24 Vietnamese adults with bronchiectasis were enrolled from June 2023 to August 2023. All participants underwent bronchoscopy to collect bronchial lavage fluid (BLF) from two bronchial locations: one in the region with the greatest bronchial dilatation and one in the normal bronchi or in patients with all lobes affected, the least abnormal lobe (abnormal BLF [ABLF] and normal BLF [NBLF], respectively). Spontaneously expectorated sputum was also collected.Results: Out of 24 cases, the prevalence of mild, moderate and severe bronchiectasis was 14/24 (58.4%), 5/24 (20.8%), and 5/24 (20.8%), respectively. NE concentration and activity were significantly higher in sputum and ABLF than in NBLF (p<0.001). Sputum and ABLF were highly correlated (r=0.841, p<0.001) with no significant difference in NE activity between sputum and ABLF. Higher levels of NE activity were seen in more severe bronchiectasis than in mild bronchiectasis in all samples but were only statistically significant for NE activity in sputum (r=0.418, p=0.042).Conclusion: NE activity and concentration are elevated in areas of the lung most affected by bronchiectasis. Sputum is a valid surrogate of pulmonary NE levels, as they correlate strongly with ABLF and confirm in a Vietnamese population the relationship between NE activity and disease severity.","PeriodicalId":23368,"journal":{"name":"Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases","volume":" ","pages":"399-407"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12010715/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142979986","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0