Turkish journal of urology最新文献

{"title":"Misconduct in research integrity: Assessment the quality of systematic reviews in Cochrane urological cancer review group.","authors":"Hanieh Salehi-Pourmehr, Amirreza Naseri, Ali Mostafaei, Leila Vahedi, Sana Sajjadi, Sona Tayebi, Hadi Mostafaei, Sakineh Hajebrahimi","doi":"10.5152/tud.2021.21038","DOIUrl":"10.5152/tud.2021.21038","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Cochrane Library provides a powerful and authoritative database to aid medical decision making. We aimed to evaluate the quality of clinical trials and systematic reviews recorded in the Cochrane urology cancers group.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>This analytic cross-sectional study was conducted on 44 published systematic reviews of the Cochrane urology group which were published until May 2020. In the current study, we selected the urological cancer reviews. All types of biases in the understudied randomized controlled trials (RCTs) or quasi-RCTs of these systematic reviews were evaluated using the Cochrane appraisal checklist. We also separated and stratified the types of biases in the included studies. In addition, the quality of systematic reviews was assessed using the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) appraisal checklist.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 44 systematic reviews and their understudied 340 RCTs were evaluated. On the basis of the JBI appraisal checklist results, 93.2% of systematic reviews had high quality. In terms of the quality of understudied RCTs in these reviews, the common prevalent risk of bias of the understudied RCTs or quasi- RCTs was unclear selection bias (allocation concealment and random sequence generation). The highest risk of bias was seen in the blinding of participants and personnel (performance bias).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Although most Cochrane urological cancer reviews had high quality, performance bias was the highest one in their understudied RCTs. Regarding it and considering the increasing unclear risk of detection, attrition, and reporting biases, it is obvious that they have structural deficiencies; therefore, it is recommended to observe integrity principles for preventing research misconduct.</p>","PeriodicalId":23366,"journal":{"name":"Turkish journal of urology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9612768/pdf/tju-47-5-392.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39889278","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A systematic review of non-HPV prognostic biomarkers used in penile squamous cell carcinoma.","authors":"Jessica Bowie,&nbsp;Sobha Singh,&nbsp;Ciaran O'Hanlon,&nbsp;Vishal Shiatis,&nbsp;Oliver Brunckhorst,&nbsp;Asif Muneer,&nbsp;Kamran Ahmed","doi":"10.5152/tud.2021.21199","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5152/tud.2021.21199","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The presence of lymph node metastasis is the most important prognostic indicator for patients with penile cancer. However, predicting which clinically node negative patients will harbor lymph node metastases remains unclear. The aim of this systematic review is to provide an overview of biomarkers p53, Ki-67, and SCCAg in predicting lymph node metastasis (LNM) and cancer-specific survival (CSS) in penile squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, Scopus, and ClinicalTrials.gov were searched from inception until 15 October 2020. Eligible studies were identified by three independent reviewers. Outcome measures included the presence of penile LNM and CSS. Extracted data were narratively synthesized with GRADE criteria utilized to evaluate the quality of evidence. In total, 999 articles were screened with 20 selected for inclusion. Studies reporting the use of p53 to predict LNM and CSS were rated as having the highest quality of evidence using the GRADE criteria, and the majority showed a positive association between p53 expression and LNM and CSS. All biomarkers and outcome combinations had at least one study showing a significant effect on predicting the outcome. However, studies were heterogeneous, and many reported nonsignificant effects. Identifying p53 overexpression may help one to identify patients at higher risks of LNM to be considered for early inguinal lymphadenectomy. There is contradictory and unreliable evidence for the prognostic value of Ki-67 and SCCAg in penile SCC for LNM and CSS. Larger studies are required with more rigorous methods and reports to improve the evidence base.</p>","PeriodicalId":23366,"journal":{"name":"Turkish journal of urology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2021-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/09/a9/tju-47-5-358.PMC9612776.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39889274","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Current advances in neuromodulation techniques in urology practices: A review of literature.","authors":"Bulent Erol,&nbsp;Yavuz Onur Danacioglu,&nbsp;Kenneth M Peters","doi":"10.5152/tud.2021.21152","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5152/tud.2021.21152","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Neuromodulation has become a valid therapeutic option for patients with various lower urinary tract disorders. In clinical practice, the most used and recommended neuromodulation techniques are sacral neuromodulation (SNM), pudendal neuromodulation (PN), and percutaneous tibial nerve stimulation (PTNS). There are many theories concerning the mechanism of action of neuromodulation. Although SNM, PN, and PTNS show their activities through different nerve roots, all provide central and peripheral nervous system modulations. SNM has been approved for the treatment of overactive bladder (OAB), nonobstructive urinary retention, and fecal incontinence, while PTNS has been approved for OAB treatment. However, they are also used off-label in other urinary and nonurinary pelvic floor disorders, such as neurogenic lower urinary system disorder, interstitial cystitis, chronic pelvic pain, and sexual dysfunction. Minor and nonsurgical reversible complications are usually seen after neuromodulation techniques. In addition, in the last few years, there have been various developments in neuromodulation technology. Some of the examples of these developments are rechargeable batteries with wireless charging, improvements in programing, less invasive single-stage implantation in outpatient settings, and lower-cost new devices. We performed a literature search using Medline (PubMed), Cochrane Library, EMBASE, and Google scholar databases in the English language from January 2010 to February 2021. We included reviews, meta-analyses, randomized controlled trials, and prospective and retrospective studies to evaluate the activities and reliability of SNM, PN, and PTNS and the developments in this area in the last decade based on the current literature.</p>","PeriodicalId":23366,"journal":{"name":"Turkish journal of urology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2021-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/17/ee/tju-47-5-375.PMC9612778.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39889276","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Peri-operative outcomes between primary and replacement artificial urinary sphincter surgery: An ACS-NSQIP analysis.","authors":"Tarun Jella,&nbsp;Austin Fernstrum,&nbsp;Michael Callegari,&nbsp;Thomas B Cwalina,&nbsp;Wade Muncey,&nbsp;Amr Mahran,&nbsp;Benjamin Petrinic,&nbsp;Al Ray,&nbsp;Heba Elghalban,&nbsp;Mostafa Abdelrazek,&nbsp;Aram Loeb,&nbsp;Nannan Thirumavalavan,&nbsp;Shubham Gupta","doi":"10.5152/tud.2021.21204","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5152/tud.2021.21204","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To evaluate differences in perioperative clinical outcomes in men undergoing artificial urinary sphincter (AUS) implantation in primary versus replacement settings. Secondarily, we aimed to identify patient-related factors contributing to complications associated with AUS placement.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>A review of the American College of Surgeons-National Surgical Quality Improvement Program was performed between 2010 and 2018 identifying males undergoing AUS implantation. Subjects were further subdivided into primary implantation or removal/replacement of AUS simultaneously via current procedural terminology codes 53445 and 53447, respectively. 30-Day postoperative outcomes were compared between cohorts using t-test and Fisher's exact test. The relationship between patient factors and complications was evaluated using logistic regression.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 1,892 patients were identified: 1,445 primary AUS placement and 447 AUS replacement procedures. Patients undergoing AUS replacement were statistically older than those undergoing primary implantation (71.4 vs 69.7 years, P < .001). AUS replacement procedures were associated with an increased rate of superficial surgical site infection (SSI) compared to primary procedures (1.3% vs 0.4%, P ¼ .042). There were no differences identified between cohorts for deep SSI, cardiopulmonary complications, reoperation, operative time, or length of stay. Logistic regression demonstrated that higher body mass index was found to be independent risk factors for any complications, and diabetes mellitus was associated with increased risk of AUS-related readmission.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Within the perioperative period, patients undergoing replacement AUS have an increased risk of superficial SSI compared to primary AUS implantation. These findings can assist with appropriate perioperative counseling of patients undergoing primary and replacement AUS implantations.</p>","PeriodicalId":23366,"journal":{"name":"Turkish journal of urology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2021-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/7d/96/tju-47-5-427.PMC9612775.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39889280","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of the effect of the pelvic floor muscle biofeedback prior or postradical prostatectomy on urinary incontinence: A randomized controlled trial.","authors":"Farzad Allameh, Seyed Mansoor Rayegani, Mohammadreza Razzaghi, Amir Reza Abedi, Amirhossein Rahavian, Atefeh Javadi, Saeed Montazeri","doi":"10.5152/tud.2021.21096","DOIUrl":"10.5152/tud.2021.21096","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aimed to evaluate the pre- and postoperative effects of pelvic floor muscle training (PFMT) and the biofeedback method on the management of urinary incontinence (UI) in patients who underwent radical prostatectomy (RP).</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>Fifty-seven patients were enrolled in this study from September 2019 to July 2020. They were randomly divided into three groups each of 19 patients: two case groups (biofeedback before and after RP) and a control group. All patients underwent RP, followed by PFMT and 24-hour pad use instructions after the postoperative removal of the Foley catheter. Then, the rate of patient-reported pads/day usage was recorded and compared among the three groups at the end of the 1st, 3rd, and 6th months of catheter removal.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Compared with the control group (only 15%), 63 and 52% of the patients who used pre- or postoperative treatment interventions, respectively, regained urinary continence during the first postoperative period, showing significant downward rates of pads/day use (P ¼ .01 and .001, respectively). However, the results were not significant between the two case groups.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our study revealed that applying the biofeedback method for pelvic floor muscles could be an efficient interventional approach in patients with UI, leading to the earlier regaining of continence following RP.</p>","PeriodicalId":23366,"journal":{"name":"Turkish journal of urology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/ca/68/tju-47-5-436.PMC9612772.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39889281","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Management of accidental penile incarceration due to unusual masturbation practices.","authors":"Sajad Ahmad Para,&nbsp;Sajad Ahmad Wani,&nbsp;Malik Suhail Ahmad","doi":"10.5152/tud.2021.21132","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5152/tud.2021.21132","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>We aimed to discuss the unusual masturbation practices performed by methods such as penile devices causing incarceration and its emergency management.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>It is a retrospective study of cases who presented to the emergency department with penile incarceration by metallic and nonmetallic encircling objects from September 2015 to October 2020. The cases were analyzed for age, marital status, motive, type of object used, duration of incarceration, associated urinary retention, type of anesthesia used, methods of removal, complications of incarceration, and secondary procedures required to treat complications.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of nine cases had paid emergency visit to our hospital for the past 4 years. The average age of the patients was 36.78 years. Unusual masturbation practices that underwent wrong were the common cause in most cases (77.7%). Most of cases presented after 24 hours of incident. All foreign bodies were removed under spinal anesthesia except one that was removed under penile block. Two cases (22.9%) required skin grafting and one (11.1%) underwent partial penectomy following the removal of encircling objects.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study emphasizes that the penile incarceration because of unusual masturbation practices is rare as it is sparsely reported as only a few case reports in the literature. Most of the patients presented late because of the embarrassment associated with it. This emergency requires urgent intervention, and the method used to remove the foreign body depends on the resources available, duration of incarceration, grade of injury, and the type of foreign body.</p>","PeriodicalId":23366,"journal":{"name":"Turkish journal of urology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2021-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9612771/pdf/tju-47-5-442.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39750519","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Robotic simple prostatectomy is a safe and effective technique for benign prostatic hyperplasia: Our single center initial short-term follow-up results for 42 patients.","authors":"Mustafa Kiraç,&nbsp;Giray Ergin,&nbsp;Yusuf Kibar,&nbsp;Burak Köprü,&nbsp;Hasan Biri","doi":"10.5152/tju.2021.21094","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5152/tju.2021.21094","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Benign prostatic hyperplasia is one of the biggest problems of aging men. Prostate surgery is now well defined in the case of failure of medical therapy. Robotic simple prostatectomy is a minimally invasive surgical method with an alternative to open simple prostatectomy in large prostate volumes. We present our simple prostatectomy technique with robot, perioperative, and short-term functional result in our clinic.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>Between January 2017 and January 2021, 42 patients underwent simple robotic prostatectomy were retrospectively evaluated. Preoperative, perioperative, and post-operative clinical data were analyzed. Post-operative continence status, voiding, and erectile functions were evaluated using uroflowmetry and international prostate symptom score (IPSS) at sixth week and third month.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The mean age of the patients was 71 (66-78) years. No major complications were observed in any of the patients. Urethral catheters were removed on the fourth post-operative day. Except for one case, all of the cases urinated spontaneously after the catheter was removed. One case could not urinate spontaneously, and urethral catheter was placed again. Three days later, the urethral catheter was removed, and patient urinated spontaneously. None of the patients reported stress urinary incontinence or erectile dysfunction. The mean operative time was 112minutes, the mean hospital stay was 1.6 days, the mean post-operative IPSS was 6, and the mean post-operative Q max was 24.4mL s 1.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Robotic simple prostatectomy may be an effective and safe alternative minimally invasive technique in the treatment of large-volume benign prostatic hyperplasia.</p>","PeriodicalId":23366,"journal":{"name":"Turkish journal of urology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2021-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9612753/pdf/tju-47-4-313.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39586389","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Re: Varicocelectomy versus antioxidants in infertile men with isolated teratozoospermia: A retrospective analysis.","authors":"Peter N Schlegel","doi":"10.5152/tud.2021.21200","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5152/tud.2021.21200","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":23366,"journal":{"name":"Turkish journal of urology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2021-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9612754/pdf/tju-47-4-285.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39888519","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Simulation models and training curricula for training in endoscopic enucleation of the prostate: A systematic review from ESUT.","authors":"Panagiotis Kallidonis,&nbsp;Angelis Peteinaris,&nbsp;Gernot Ortner,&nbsp;Bhaskar Kumar Somani,&nbsp;Domenico Veneziano,&nbsp;Lütfi Tunc,&nbsp;Ali Serdar Gözen,&nbsp;Evangelos Liatsikos,&nbsp;Theodoros Tokas","doi":"10.5152/tju.2021.21134","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5152/tju.2021.21134","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The introduction of endoscopic anatomical enucleation of the prostate created a new educational field. We investigated the current literature for simulators, phantoms, and other training models that could be used as a tool for teaching urologists alone or within the boundaries of a course or a curriculum. A systematic review was performed according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses statement and the European Association of Urology Guidelines office's recommendations for conducting systematic reviews. Seven out of 51 studies met our inclusion criteria and are presented in the current review. The VirtaMed UroSim HoLEP (Holmium Laser Enucleation of the Prostate) Simulator achieved excellent scores for face, content, and construct validity, and participants agreed that it could be used for training. In addition, this simulator offers the opportunity for morcellation training. The Kansai University model for HoLEP does not support morcellation simulation and has only demonstrated face and content validity. The CyberSim (Quanta System, Solbiate Olona, VA, Italy) has not been yet evaluated, but it seems that it can be used for training without tutoring. Only one training curriculum was revealed from the search. The Holmium User Group-Mentorship Program has been proposed since 2005 for training urologists for HoLEP. Simulators and courses or curricula based on a simulator could be valuable learning and training tools. The existent models seem efficient but have not been widely evaluated and accepted yet. It seems that the training field for transurethral enucleation of the prostate will be rapidly developed soon.</p>","PeriodicalId":23366,"journal":{"name":"Turkish journal of urology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2021-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9612762/pdf/tju-47-4-250.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39888515","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of focal and diffuse hypervascularization as cystoscopic findings on predicting intravesical therapy response in patients with bladder pain syndrome.","authors":"Bulent Erol,&nbsp;Huseyin Ozgur Kazan,&nbsp;Ferhat Keser,&nbsp;Ozgur Efiloglu,&nbsp;Yavuz Onur Danacıoğlu,&nbsp;Rahmi Onur","doi":"10.5152/tju.2021.21093","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5152/tju.2021.21093","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To define the relationship between cystoscopic findings, including novel findings such as the hypervascularization, of bladder pain syndrome/interstitial cystitis (BPS/IC) and the response to intravesical therapy.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>We retrospectively evaluated cystoscopy findings in patients who had a preliminary diagnosis of BPS/IC. All patients received early intravesical combined therapy (ICT), ie, within 2 hours after hydrodistention. Additionally, ICT was continued according to our protocol. Cystoscopic findings were classified as glomerulations, hypervascularization, and Hunner's lesion (HL). The therapy responses were evaluated at 1st, 3rd, 6th, and 12thmonths using the visual analog scale (VAS), O'Leary/Sant interstitial cystitis symptom index (ICSI), and interstitial cystitis problem index (ICPI) scores.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Out of 61 patients, HL was diagnosed during cystoscopy in six (9.8%) patients, glomerulations in 35 (57.4%) patients, and hypervascularization in 15 (24.6%) patients. No pathological findings were defined in five (8.2%) patients. In the glomerulation and hypervascularization group, the median VAS, ICSI, and ICPI scores were lower than those in the preoperative period in the follow-up. In patients with HL, the median VAS scores were lower in the entire follow-up compared to the preoperative period, with an increase at 1st year compared to 6th month, and ICSI scores were lower than preoperative period in the entire follow-up, with an increase at 3rd month and 1st year. ICPI scores were also lower during the follow-up, with an increase observed in the 1st year.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The presence of hypervascularization should be defined since it might show different characteristics that may affect the ICT response. Patients with glomerulations might be good candidates for early combined intravesical therapy.</p>","PeriodicalId":23366,"journal":{"name":"Turkish journal of urology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2021-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9612766/pdf/tju-47-4-325.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39586391","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}