Turkish Journal of Biochemistry-turk Biyokimya Dergisi最新文献

{"title":"Bio-processing of agro-industrial waste orange peel for induced production of pectinase by Trichoderma viridi; its purification and characterization","authors":"M. Irshad, Z. Anwar, Z. Mahmood, T. Aqil, S. Mehmmod, H. Nawaz","doi":"10.5505/TJB.2014.55707","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5505/TJB.2014.55707","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: Agro-industrial residues are primarily composed of complex polysaccharides that strengthen microbial growth for the production of industrially important enzymes. For industrial use, pectinases can be produced from several agricultural pectin-containing wastes like orange peel. The selection of cheap source benefits the production of industrial important enzymes in term to costs-effective production. Methods: The indigenously produced pectinase was purified to homogeneity level using a combination of ammonium sulphate precipitation and Sephadex G-100 gel filtration chromatography. The molecular weight and properties of the purified enzyme were studied following the standard procedures. Results: Under optimized solid state fermentation conditions Trichoderma viridi exhibited superior enzymatic production. On optimization, the culture showed the maximum enzyme yield (325 U/mL) at 30 °C in an orange peel medium having a pH of 5.5 and a substrate concentration of 4% on the 4th day of fermentation of orange peel based medium that was additionally supplemented with glucose and ammonium chloride as an inexpensive carbon and nitrogen supplements in a ratio of 20:1, respectively. A purification fold of 5.59 with specific activity and percent recovery of 97.2 U/mg and 12.96% was achieved respectively. The molecular weight of purified pectinase from T. viridi was 30 kDa evidenced by PAGE analysis. After 6 h incubation the pectinase activity profile showed that the purified enzyme was optimally active and stable at a pH of 5 and at 60°C. Conclusions: The present study concluded that the indigenous strain T. viridi showed incredible potential for pectinase synthesis. The maximum production of pectinase in the presence of a cheaper substrate at low concentrations makes the enzyme useful in industrial sectors, especially for the textile and juice industries.","PeriodicalId":23355,"journal":{"name":"Turkish Journal of Biochemistry-turk Biyokimya Dergisi","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2014-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89334156","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The effects of Dexmedetomidine on oxidant - antioxidant systems in the experimental model of carbondioxide pneumoperitoneum","authors":"N. Taş","doi":"10.5505/TJB.2014.79836","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5505/TJB.2014.79836","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: The aim of the study was to investigate the changes of oxidative and anti-oxidative systems in the splanchnic area during carbon dioxide pneumoperitoneum and to determine whether the administration of dexmedetomidine has effects on these systems. Methods: Forty rats were randomized into four groups: Group I; Control, Group II; No pneumoperitoneum, Dexmedetomidine administration, Group III; Pneumoperitoneum, no Dexmedetomidine administration and Group IV; Pneumoperitoneum and Dexmedetomidine administration 30 minutes before insufflation. The rats were rested 30 minutes after desufflation and blood samples were obtained for; ischaemia modified albumin (IMA), myeloperoxidase (MPO), advanced oxidation protein products (AOPP), catalase (CAT), paraoxonase (PON1) and platelet-activating factor acetylhydrolase (PAF-AH) analyses. Results: When compared with the control group; the serum IMA levels significantly decreased in group II, and also increased in group III as compared to control (p<0.05). IMA levels were also significantly decreased in both groups II and IV as compared to group III (p<0.001). Serum MPO activity increased in group III as compared to control (p<0.05). Serum AOPP levels were significantly increased in group III as compared to group II (p<0.01) and decreased in group IV as compared to group III (p<0.01). Serum CAT activity was higher in group II than controls (p<0.05). Serum PON and plasma PAF-AH activities significantly decreased in grup III as compared to group II (p<0.05) and plasma PAF-AH activity were decreased in group III as compared to controls (p<0.05). Conclusion: In conclusion, administration of dexmedetomidine; prior to ischemia reperfusion injury caused by pneumoperitoneum; reduces the oxidative injury and increases the antioxidant activity in the acute period.","PeriodicalId":23355,"journal":{"name":"Turkish Journal of Biochemistry-turk Biyokimya Dergisi","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2014-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87299269","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Harbingers of neonatal birth weight: The PON1 arylesterase and lactonase activities","authors":"M. Mogarekar, M. Rojekar","doi":"10.5505/TJB.2014.72473","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5505/TJB.2014.72473","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: An important predictor for infant survival is birth weight. Normal fetal growth is related to various intrauterine factors. Low birth weight is thought to have relation with oxidative stress which plays an important role in reducing the birth weight. Among the paraoxonase family PON1 protects LDL and HDL from the lipid peroxidation. This is HDL associated enzyme having antioxidant property. We aimed to evaluate the arylesterase and lactonase activity of PON1 in cord blood in relation to birth weight. We hypothesized that cord blood PON1 arylesterase and lactonase activities will be compromised in neonates having low birth weight. Methods: We included 80 neonates born in our hospital irrespective of mode of delivery as 40 cases and 40 controls. PON1 arylesterase and lactonase activity were measured using spectrophotometer. Results: Serum arylesterase activity decreased significantly in low birth weight babies (p<0.05). Linear regression analysis (R=0.595) indicates significant correlation between arylesterase and birth weight. Serum lactonase activity of PON1 also gets reduced in low birth weight babies. Its linear regression analysis showed (R=0.716) suggesting significant correlation between lactonase and birth weight. Conclusion: Reduced PON1 activity can be explained on the basis of ER stress and atherogenic changes in the placental circulation. Ours is the first study in cord blood paraoxonase activities in relation to birth weight. As the sample in our study is cord blood, it is essentially a noninvasive one. Further studies are needed in this direction to assess the effect of the oxidative stress on fetus through cord blood in its long term prospective.","PeriodicalId":23355,"journal":{"name":"Turkish Journal of Biochemistry-turk Biyokimya Dergisi","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2014-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87123085","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Determination of acidic dissociation constants of glutamine and isoleucine in water using ab initio methods","authors":"F. Koohyar","doi":"10.5505/TJB.2014.04578","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5505/TJB.2014.04578","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: In this study, pKa values of glutamine and isoleucine were determined in aqueous solution by ab initio and DFT methods. To explain the obtained values of pKa, the molecular conformations and solute-solvent interactions of the anions, cations, and neutrals molecules of glutamine and isoleucine were investigated. The experimental determination of these values, apart from been laborious, is a challenge because of the low water solubility of these compounds. Methods: We have evaluated different models to determination of pKa, using the density functional theory (DFT) method at the B3LYP level of the theory. Results: this study shows the several ionization reactions and equilibriums in protic solvent, which possess a high hydrogen-band-donor capability. These reactions and equilibriums constitute the indispensable theoretical basis for calculation of glutamine and isoleucine acidity constants. Tomasi’s method was used to analyze the formation of intermolecular hydrogen bonds between the existent species and water molecules. In this way, it is proposed that in alkaline aqueous solutions the cation, anion, and neutral species of glutamine and isoleucine are solvated with one, two, three, and four molecules of water, respectively. In this study, there is comparable agreement between the experimental and calculated pKa values for the acid-base reactions proposed. Conclusion: In this paper, The calculations performed at the B3LYP/6-31+G(d) levels of theory using Tomasi’s method allowed us to prove that cations, neutral molecules, and anions form IHBs with some molecules of water. It is shown that, theoretically calculated pKa values are in good agreement with the existing experimental pKa values, which are determined from potentiometric titration and UV–visible spectrophotometric measurements.","PeriodicalId":23355,"journal":{"name":"Turkish Journal of Biochemistry-turk Biyokimya Dergisi","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2014-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85696798","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The reference values of ischemia modified albumin levels in healthy people admitted to a university hospital","authors":"C. Duman, C. Bakar, Ertan Eşsi̇zoğlu, Funda Kirtay Tutunculer, Elif Demircan","doi":"10.5505/TJB.2014.32932","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5505/TJB.2014.32932","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: The Ischemia Modified Albumin (IMA) test is a myocardial ischemia marker which may have potential use for the diagnosis of Acute Coronary Syndrome. The aim of this study was determine reference values of IMA test on the healthy people over the age of 15 who's admitted to Canakkale Onsekiz Mart University. Methods: This study was performed on 582 people over 15 years old and healthy in appearan- ce who had presented at the Canakkale Onsekiz Mart University Faculty of Medicine Rese- arch and Application Hospital. The year 2011 population of Turkey was taken as the reference in the distribution of the study group according to age group and gender. A survey which queried the demographic features and health problems was administered to the participants of the study and 9 cc venous blood was drawn. IMA levels were measured by using the spect- rophotometric method defined by Bar-Or. The mean, standard deviation, median, minimum, maximum, and 2.5 % - 97.5 % interval were used in order to detect the IMA reference values. Results: A total of 274 males (47.1 %) and 308 women (52.9 %) were studied. The mean IMA value of the examined group was 0.339 ± 0.093, and the median was 0.343 (Min-Max: 0.053- 0.631), while the 2.5 % - 97.5 % percentil values were 0.145 - 0.530. Conclusion: Studies that indicate the reference levels of the IMA for the diagnosis of ische- mic conditions are insufficient. Our study is expected to contribute to closing this gap.","PeriodicalId":23355,"journal":{"name":"Turkish Journal of Biochemistry-turk Biyokimya Dergisi","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2014-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82829567","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Effects of high fat diets with and without N-Acetylcysteine supplementation on the lipin-1 levels of serum and various tissues in rats","authors":"B. Kural, A. Alver, S. Canpolat, C. Kahraman, D. Altay, Hanife Kara, Buket Akcan","doi":"10.5505/TJB.2014.78941","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5505/TJB.2014.78941","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: Obesity is a public health problem, but the struggle against obesity continues to increase every day. Lipin-1 is an adipokine that modulates lipid metabolism and glucose homeostasis. The aims of the current study were to compare the levels of lipin-1 in serum and tissues (liver, lung, heart, pancreas and kidney) in rat fed with low fat diet (LFD), high fat diet (HFD) and N-acetylcysteine (NAC) supplemented HFD, and to determine the relationships of the lipin-1 levels in serum and tissues with the levels of serum glucose and lipid parameters. Methods: 18 male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into three groups: LFD group (n=6), HFD group (n=6) and the NAC-supplemented HFD (HFD+NAC) group (n=6). The feeding period of the diets was 85 days. The lipin-1 levels in serum and tissues were determined by using Rat ELISA kit. Results: In comparison to serum lipin-1 levels in HFD group were significantly lower, but heart lipin-1 levels were significantly higher (P<0.017). On the other hand, it was determined that serum and tissue lipin-1 levels were not influenced by NAC supplementation. In addition, no other significant difference in lipin-1 levels of the other tissues among the groups was found. Conclusion: This study showed that HDF affected serum and heart lipin-1 levels, while NAC supplementation did not affect on the lipin-1 levels of serum and of the tissues.","PeriodicalId":23355,"journal":{"name":"Turkish Journal of Biochemistry-turk Biyokimya Dergisi","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2014-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82792725","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Determination of the median levels of double and triple prenatal screening parameters in Adıyaman region","authors":"P. G. Atak, A. Arpacı, Gulsah Seydal","doi":"10.5505/TJB.2014.20591","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5505/TJB.2014.20591","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: The purpose of this study is to determine the median values of the triple and double test screening parameters in Adiyaman region. Methods: Between January 2010-December 2011, triple tests were performed to 5909, double tests were performed to 5310 singleton pregnant women in Adiyaman KadinDogum Hastanesi Biochemistry Laboratory. Serum alpha-fetoprotein (AFP), unconjugated estriol (uE3), beta-human chorionic gonadotrophin (β-hCG) for triple test and serum β-hCG, pregnancy associated plasma protein-A (PAPP-A) for double test were investigated from the patients archives retrospectively. The new calculated medians of the Adiyaman region and the existing computer program’s medians were evaluated statistically. Results: The first trimester screening parameters’ median values of beta-human chorionic gonadotrophin and pregnancy associated plasma protein-A were significantly lower than the program’s median values (p<0.05). The medians of AFP were significantly lower than the program’s medians in 15-19 gestation weeks (p<0.05). The medians of uE3 were significantly higher than the programmes’ medians (p<0.05) except 20. gestation week. β-hCG medians of 16,19 and 20’th gestational weeks were statistically different than the programme’s medians (p<0.05), the difference between 15, 17 and 18’th gestational weeks’ values were statistically unnecessary. The calculated first trimester screening parameters’ median values of β-hCG and PAPPA were significantly lower than the program’s median values in all gestational weeks (p<0.05). For triple test the medians of AFP were lower than the programme’s medians in all weeks and this was statistically significant except 20th gestational week (p<0.05). The medians of uE3 were significantly higher than the programs’ medians (p<0.05) except 20th gestation week. β-hCG medians of 16,19 and 20th gestational weeks were statistically different than the programm’s medians (p<0.05), the difference between 15., 17. and 18th gestational weeks’ values were not statistically significant. Conclusion: The screening test performances will be affected by using the regional median values as in former studies.","PeriodicalId":23355,"journal":{"name":"Turkish Journal of Biochemistry-turk Biyokimya Dergisi","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2014-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90301410","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Importance of HbA1c and Fructosamine As A Marker Of Glycemic Control and Evaluation Of Some Biochemical Parameters During Pregnancy","authors":"R. Şeker, E. Ozdemir, G. Çağlar, S. Demirtaş","doi":"10.5505/TJB.2014.15238","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5505/TJB.2014.15238","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: Controlling and monitoring the diabetes during pregnancy, because of the malformation, macrosomia and other complications is especially important. Our study is designed to investigate the reliability of the two most commonly used parameter is the hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) and fructosamine during pregnancy. Also among our study group, serum total protein, albumin, vitamin B12, folic acid, glucose, insulin, ferritin and hemoglobin data were evaluated. Methods: The study groups are pregnant women (n=252; age mean: 27,761± 5/year) and control group (n=28; age mean: 28,61± 5,38/year) who are no additional health problems. Diabetic pregnant women number is 124 (consisted of 10 first trimester, 62 second trimester and 52 third trimester) and nondiabetic pregnant women number is 138 (consisted of 24 first trimester, 32 second trimester and 82 third trimester). All measurement data are obtained from hospital information system. Results: No statistically significant difference in any of the groups for HbA1c. It’s clearly observed that all the significant differences found for fructosamine occur depending on the level of albumin and fructosamine levels decreased progressively during the three trimesters. In our diabetic pregnant women group; although statistically make a difference; mean blood glucose values were below our expectations. Conclusion: Our study is support that fructosamine and HbA1c are unavailable for diagnosis and monitoring the gestational diabetes. However the lack of difference between the groups for levels of fructosamine and HbA1c; and blood glucose levels below our expectations in diabetic pregnant women group can be connected good diabetes control.","PeriodicalId":23355,"journal":{"name":"Turkish Journal of Biochemistry-turk Biyokimya Dergisi","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2014-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80869555","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Protective effects of α-lipoic acid and L-carnitine in liver ischemia/reperfusion injury.","authors":"G. S. Ozgun, Eray Özgün, U. Başaran, Ş. Altaner, N. Sut, S. Eskiocak","doi":"10.5505/TJB.2014.02525","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5505/TJB.2014.02525","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: Oxidative stress plays an important role in the pathogenesis of liver ischemia/ reperfusion injury. Thus, antioxidant treatment can be protective against to liver ischemia/reperfusion injury. The aim of this study to investigate the effects of α-lipoic acid and L-carnitine on liver total oxidant status, lipid peroxidation, protein oxidation, neutrophil infiltration and hepatic necrosis in liver ischemia/reperfusion model. Methods: Wistar albino male rats were divided into four groups randomly: Sham (n=7), ischemia/reperfusion (n=7), α-lipoic acid (n=8) and L-carnitine (n=8). α-Lipoic acid (100 mg/kg) and L-carnitine (100 mg/kg) were given intraperitoneally to α-lipoic acid group 15 minutes before and to L-carnitine group 30 minutes before ischemia/reperfusion protocol, respectively. To induce hepatic ischemia/reperfusion injury, ischemia (60 minutes) and reperfusion (30 minutes) were applied to all groups except sham group. Total oxidant status, malondialdehyde, advanced oxidation protein products and myeloperoxidase levels were measured in ischemic lobes of liver tissues. Hepatic necrosis was scored microscopically. Results: There was no significant change in myeloperoxidase levels as an indicator of neutrophil infiltration after reperfusion procedure. Both L-carnitine and α-lipoic acid caused a significant decrease in hepatic necrosis. While L-carnitine prevents an increase in total oxidant status, lipid peroxidation and protein oxidation, α-lipoic acid prevents only an increase in lipid peroxidation of the liver in hepatic ischemia/reperfusion injury. Conclusion: As a result; we can report that L-carnitine and α-lipoic acid have protective effects against to hepatic ischemia/reperfusion injury.","PeriodicalId":23355,"journal":{"name":"Turkish Journal of Biochemistry-turk Biyokimya Dergisi","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2014-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78706873","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Relationship Between Insulin Resistance and Leptin, Interleukin-6, hs-CRP and Fibrinogen in Obese and Non-Obese Individuals","authors":"A. Koçak, R. Kutlu, S. Çivi, I. Kilinç","doi":"10.5505/TJB.2014.20981","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5505/TJB.2014.20981","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":23355,"journal":{"name":"Turkish Journal of Biochemistry-turk Biyokimya Dergisi","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2014-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79381085","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}