Turkish journal of anaesthesiology and reanimation最新文献

{"title":"Comparison of Clinical Performance of C-MAC Video Laryngoscope Guided vs Blind Placement of I-Gel® in Paediatric Patients: A Randomized Controlled Open-Label Trial.","authors":"Rakesh Kumar,&nbsp;Pooja Bihani,&nbsp;Sadik Mohammed,&nbsp;Rashmi Syal,&nbsp;Pradeep Bhatia,&nbsp;Rishabh Jaju","doi":"10.4274/TJAR.2023.221010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4274/TJAR.2023.221010","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Placement of the supraglottic airway devices under direct vision has been shown to decrease the incidence of malposition in adults. This study was designed to compare the clinical performance of C-MAC guided and blind placement of i-gel® in paediatric patients.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The present prospective, randomized controlled study was conducted on 102 paediatric patients scheduled to undergo elective infraumbilical surgeries under general anaesthesia. Patients were randomly divided into group \"B\" (blind) and group \"C\" (C-MAC) based on the technique used for placement of i-gel®. The primary objective of the study was to compare the incidence of malposition based on the fiberoptic bronchoscope (FOB) score of the glottic view. Oropharyngeal leak pressure (OPLP), hemodynamic parameters, and insertion characteristics (time taken to insert and the number of attempts) were secondary objectives. Categorical data were presented as ratio or percentage and continuous data were presented as mean ± standard deviation or median [95% confidence interval (CI)].</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The incidence of malposition (Brimacombe score 1 or 2) was significantly lower in group C compared to group B (7.8% vs 49% respectively) (<i>P</i> < 0.001); implying a relative risk reduction of 2.42 (95% CI 1.72 to 3.40) with C-MAC. On FOB assessment, the median (interquartile range) Brimacombe score was significantly better in group C [4 (4-4)] compared to group B [3 (2-3)] (<i>P</i> < 0.001). The OPLP was significantly higher in group C compared to group B. Other insertion characteristics were comparable in both the study groups.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Compared to blind placement, C-MAC guided placement ensures proper alignment of i-gel® with periglottic structures and proper functioning of i-gel®.</p>","PeriodicalId":23353,"journal":{"name":"Turkish journal of anaesthesiology and reanimation","volume":"51 4","pages":"347-353"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2023-08-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10440480/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10402954","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Vasoplegic Syndrome and Anaesthesia: A Narrative Review.","authors":"Begüm Nemika Gökdemir,&nbsp;Nedim Çekmen","doi":"10.4274/TJAR.2023.221093","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4274/TJAR.2023.221093","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Vasoplegic syndrome (VS) is defined as low systemic vascular resistance, normal or high cardiac output, and resistant hypotension unresponsive to vasopressor agents and intravenous volume. VS is a frequently encountered complication in cardiovascular and transplantation surgery, burns, trauma, pancreatitis, and sepsis. The basis of the pathophysiology is associated with an imbalance of vasodilator and vasoconstrictive structure in vascular smooth muscle cells and is highly complex. The pathogenesis of VS has several mechanisms, including overproduction of iNO, stimulation of ATP-dependent K+ channels and NF-κB, and vasopressin receptor 1A (V1A-receptor) down-regulation. Available treatments involve volume and inotropes administration, vasopressin, methylene blue, hydroxocobalamin, Ca++, vitamin C, and thiamine, and should also restore vascular tone and improve vasoplegia. Other treatments could include angiotensin II, corticosteroids, NF-κB inhibitor, ATP-dependent K+ channel blocker, indigo carmine, and hyperbaric oxygen therapy. Despite modern advances in treatment, the mortality rate is still 30-50%. It is challenging for an anaesthesiologist to consider this syndrome's diagnosis and manage its treatment. Our review aims to review the diagnosis, predisposing factors, pathophysiology, treatment, and anaesthesia approach of VS during anaesthesia and to suggest a treatment algorithm.</p>","PeriodicalId":23353,"journal":{"name":"Turkish journal of anaesthesiology and reanimation","volume":"51 4","pages":"280-289"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2023-08-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10440482/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10402956","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Simple and Novel Modification of the Nebulization Mask to Improve Nebulization in the Supine Position.","authors":"Ashutosh Kaushal,&nbsp;Harish Kumar,&nbsp;Vaishali Waindeskar,&nbsp;Jai Prakash Sharma","doi":"10.4274/TJAR.2022.221120","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4274/TJAR.2022.221120","url":null,"abstract":"Dear Editor, Nebulization therapy is commonly used for pre-hospital and in-hospital (operating theatre, intensive care unit and emergency area) patient care.1 For this purpose, a nebulisation mask device is widely used, which consists of a Hudson mask, a medicine cup and an oxygen tube (Figure 1A). It is necessary to pass oxygen flow from the bottom of the medicine cup so that oxygen can go through the medicine and the medicine can change from liquid to mist form.","PeriodicalId":23353,"journal":{"name":"Turkish journal of anaesthesiology and reanimation","volume":"51 4","pages":"368-369"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2023-08-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10440476/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10103475","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Safety in Healthcare: From the Flight Deck to the Operating Room.","authors":"Régis Fuzier,&nbsp;Philippe Izard,&nbsp;Eric Petiot,&nbsp;François Jaulin","doi":"10.4274/TJAR.2023.231264","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4274/TJAR.2023.231264","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The recent health crisis has increased the workload and the stress levels of healthcare professionals around the world. Such stressful working environments are conducive to an increased incidence of medical errors. Implementing education and training specifically focused on human and organizational factors can promote teamwork and decrease the risk of error. Such techniques have been extensively deployed, most notably in commercial aviation. Numerous tools have been developed to reduce the risk of error associated with routine tasks, forgetting a task and handling alarm situations during commercial flights. Many of these tools can be transferred to the healthcare sector. After a brief recap about the importance of the working environment, this narrative review aims to highlight several specific tools used in commercial aviation that can be readily transferred to the operating theatre.</p>","PeriodicalId":23353,"journal":{"name":"Turkish journal of anaesthesiology and reanimation","volume":"51 4","pages":"290-296"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2023-08-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10440483/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10421295","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Combined Effects of Prone Positioning and Airway Pressure Release Ventilation on Oxygenation in Patients with COVID-19 ARDS.","authors":"Bişar Ergün,&nbsp;Mehmet Nuri Yakar,&nbsp;Murat Küçük,&nbsp;Narmin Baghiyeva,&nbsp;Ahmet Naci Emecen,&nbsp;Erdem Yaka,&nbsp;Begüm Ergan,&nbsp;Ali Necati Gökmen","doi":"10.4274/TJAR.2022.22783","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4274/TJAR.2022.22783","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) can cause acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV) support and prone positioning are essential treatments for severe COVID-19 ARDS. We aimed to determine the combined effect of prone position and airway pressure release ventilation (APRV) modes on oxygen improvement in mechanically-ventilated patients with COVID-19. Methods: This prospective observational study included 40 eligible patients (13 female, 27 male). Of 40 patients, 23 (57.5%) were ventilated with APRV and 17 (42.5%) were ventilated with controlled modes. A prone position was applied when the PaO2/FiO2 ratio <150 mmHg despite IMV in COVID-19 ARDS. The numbers of patients who completed the first, second, and third prone were 40, 25, and 15, respectively. Incident barotrauma events were diagnosed by both clinical findings and radiological images. Results: After the second prone, the PaO2/FiO2 ratio of the APRV group was higher compared to the PaO2/FiO2 ratio of the control group [189 (150-237)] vs. 127 (100-146) mmHg, respectively, (P=0.025). Similarly, after the third prone, the PaO2/FiO2 ratio of the APRV group was higher compared to the PaO2/FiO2 ratio of the control group [194 (132-263)] vs. 83 (71-136) mmHg, respectively, (P=0.021). Barotrauma events were detected in 13.0% of the patients in the APRV group and 11.8% of the patients in the control group (P=1000). The 28-day mortality was not different in the APRV group than in the control group (73.9% vs. 70.6%, respectively, P=1000). Conclusion: Using the APRV mode during prone positioning improves oxygenation, especially in the second and third prone positions, without increasing the risk of barotrauma. However, no benefit on mortality was detected.","PeriodicalId":23353,"journal":{"name":"Turkish journal of anaesthesiology and reanimation","volume":"51 3","pages":"188-198"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2023-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10339750/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10189512","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of Educational Tools on the use of Patient-Controlled Analgesia Devices.","authors":"Olcayto Uysal,&nbsp;Serkan Karaman,&nbsp;Tuğba Karaman","doi":"10.4274/TJAR.2022.22988","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4274/TJAR.2022.22988","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>In the literature, there are confusing data about educational tools and device use. Therefore, it is not clear which method is superior to the other. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of educational tools on patient-controlled analgesia (PCA) usage in patients undergoing hysterectomy.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Ninety-six patients undergoing hysterectomy were enrolled in the study. Patients were randomly assigned to a group (verbal, brochure, or video) consisting of 32 patients each using the closed envelope method. After operations, all patients were sent to the ward and evaluated with numerical rating scale score for pain at 15^th min., 2^nd, 4^th, 6^th, 12^th, 18^th, 2^nd, 4^th, 6^th, 12^th, 18^th, 24^th hours. Given dose, the number of button presses, presence of nausea and vomiting, and static and dynamic pain scores were recorded. During visits, patients who had a pain score ≥4 were administered paracetamol 1 g IV. Ondansetron 8 mg IV was injected into patients who had nausea and vomiting.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>No significant differences were determined in resting and dynamic pain scores, number of button presses, and given doses between groups at 15^th min., 2^nd, 4^th, 6^th, 12^th, 18^th, 24^th hours.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In this study, education type did not affect PCA device use. We believe that whatever method the infrastructure of hospitals is suitable for, should be used for PCA device education.</p>","PeriodicalId":23353,"journal":{"name":"Turkish journal of anaesthesiology and reanimation","volume":"51 3","pages":"243-248"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2023-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10339749/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9831649","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Positive Bubble Study But No Evidence of Interatrial Defect in a Patient with Recurrent Cryptogenic Stroke.","authors":"Nika Samadzadeh Tabrizi,&nbsp;Perry A Stout,&nbsp;Joseph Cahill,&nbsp;Imran Ramzan Sunesara,&nbsp;Patrick Chan,&nbsp;Chanderdeep Singh,&nbsp;Thomas Fabian,&nbsp;Alexander D Shapeton,&nbsp;Sridhar Reddy Musuku","doi":"10.4274/TJAR.2022.221106","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4274/TJAR.2022.221106","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Pulmonary arteriovenous malformations (PAVMs) can be asymptomatic or result in a range of complications such as brain abscesses or cryptogenic emboli, which can contribute to morbidity and mortality if not diagnosed and treated in a timely manner. To date, there have been several reports of delayed diagnosis of PAVMs, which have been largely attributed to the misconception that PAVMs are too rare to be of clinical significance. Furthermore, because intracardiac shunting secondary to a patent foramen ovale (PFO) or atrial septal defect (ASD) also results in a positive saline contrast study with echocardiography, PAVM can be easily misdiagnosed as an intracardiac right-toleft shunt. However, there are unique echocardiographic features that differentiate between intracardiac shunting due to a PFO or ASD and extracardiac shunting such as in PAVM. This case details the course of a patient with recurrent cryptogenic strokes that was initially misattributed to a PFO and was only correctly diagnosed with multiple PAVMs after two failed attempts at PFO closure. This case serves as a reminder of an alternative etiology of right-to-left shunt and its presentation on imaging, which echocardiographers must be familiar with.</p>","PeriodicalId":23353,"journal":{"name":"Turkish journal of anaesthesiology and reanimation","volume":"51 3","pages":"271-274"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2023-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10339743/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9886230","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Awareness of Postdural Puncture Headache Among Specialists who Perform Lumbar Punctures and/or Monitor Patients Following the Procedure.","authors":"Mesut Bakır,&nbsp;Şebnem Rumeli,&nbsp;Ümit Durmuşoğlu,&nbsp;Erman Balıkçı","doi":"10.4274/TJAR.2023.221128","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4274/TJAR.2023.221128","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Lumbar puncture (LP) is performed by specialists in different branches of medicine, complications may be encountered in various settings. In our study, we evaluated the awareness and knowledge of the diagnosis and treatment of post-dural puncture headache (PDPH) among specialists who performed LP and/or encountered complications.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This was a prospective questionnaire/scale study of 253 physicians: LP performers (anaesthesiologists, Group A; others, Group B) and those who worked in departments that did not perform LP but frequently encountered complications following LP (Group C). The questionnaire assessed specialization, frequency of LPs utilization, needle types used, positions employed, awareness of LP complications, diagnosis, management, and risk factors for PDPH.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Group A had the highest percentage of physicians who stated they had knowledge about PDPH (Group A: 96.4%, Group B: 77.3%, Group C: 39.4%; P=0.000). Group C was found to be statistically less informed than the other two groups (<i>P</i>=0.000). It was determined that only one (1%) physician from Group C correctly answered the question about the diagnostic criteria for PDPH.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>To our knowledge this is the first study in which the awareness of PDPH has been compared according to physicians' fields of specialisation. We believe that post-specialty training programs should be organized for physicians who will either perform LP or monitor patients who have undergone LP, and the curriculum content in relevant specialties should be reviewed.</p>","PeriodicalId":23353,"journal":{"name":"Turkish journal of anaesthesiology and reanimation","volume":"51 3","pages":"264-270"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2023-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10339755/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9831188","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Is Laryngeal Mask a Good Alternative in Children Undergoing Laparoscopic Inguinal Hernia Repair with Percutaneous Internal Ring Suturing Under and Over Two Years Old?","authors":"Damla Uysal,&nbsp;Sanem Çakar Turhan,&nbsp;Ergun Ergün,&nbsp;Özlem Selvi Can","doi":"10.4274/TJAR.2023.221176","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4274/TJAR.2023.221176","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aimed to evaluate respiratory parameters during percutaneous internal ring suturing (PIRS) for inguinal hernia repair in two different-aged pediatric patients in whom the airway is provided with a laryngeal mask or endotracheal tube for general anaesthesia.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>After local ethics committee and parental consent, 180 ASAI-II children were randomly allocated to 4 groups; according to their age (0-24 months / 25-144 months) and airway device laryngeal mask (LMA) / endotracheal tube (ETT) used for general anaesthesia (45 children each) for laparoscopic inguinal hernia repair. Standard anaesthesia induction was done with lidocaine, propofol, and fentanyl, and 0.6 mg kg^-1 rocuronium was added to the ETT groups. Sevoflurane is used for maintenance. Hemodynamic parameters, peak airway pressure, end-tidal carbon dioxide (EtCO₂), and peripheric oxygen saturation (SpO₂) values were recorded after induction, before, and during pneumoperitoneum. The duration of anaesthesia, surgery, recovery time, and surgical satisfaction was recorded. Airway complications (cough, laryngospasm, bronchospasm, desaturation, and aspiration) were recorded.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Hundred and eighty patients (45 in each group) were analyzed. Duration of surgery and surgical satisfaction were similar in all groups. Duration of anaesthesia and recovery times were significantly shorter in the LMA groups. Peak airway pressure and EtCO2 levels were significantly lower in the LMA groups. Rare airway complications were observed without significance.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In laparoscopic inguinal hernia repair with the PIRS technique, LMA offered comparable operating conditions and surgical satisfaction.</p>","PeriodicalId":23353,"journal":{"name":"Turkish journal of anaesthesiology and reanimation","volume":"51 3","pages":"255-263"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2023-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10339758/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9886235","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pre-anaesthesia Telephone Consultation: A Safe Alternative for Anaesthesia Assessment in Case of Repeated Low or Intermediate Risk Surgeries: A Prospective Cohort Study.","authors":"Charles-Herve Vacheron,&nbsp;Clemence Ferrier,&nbsp;Estelle Morau,&nbsp;Alexandre Theissen,&nbsp;Vincent Piriou,&nbsp;Pierre Yves Carry,&nbsp;Arnaud Friggeri","doi":"10.4274/TJAR.2022.221079","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4274/TJAR.2022.221079","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Telemedicine has widely expanded during the coronavirus disease-2019 pandemic. Our objective was to evaluate the feasibility, safety, effectiveness, and satisfaction of pre-anaesthesia telephone consultation (PATC).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>From December 2015 to October 2016, a prospective survey was administered to anaesthesiologists, nurse anaesthetists, and patients of the ambulatory and maxillofacial departments. Patients having a pre-anaesthesia consultation (PAC) within the previous year in the department, whose health state was considered stable, and for whom the surgical procedure was related to the previous one, were eligible for PATC. Three questionnaires concerning the pre- (Q1), per- (Q2), and postoperative (Q3) periods were answered by the patient, the anaesthesiologist, and the anaesthesiologist nurse to evaluate the feasibility and satisfaction of the PATC. We collected the cancelation rate and any incident occurring during the surgery.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Over the study period, 210 patients were included. The response rate was 200/210 (95.2%) for Q1, 108/208 (51.9%) for Q2 and 146/208 (70.2%) for Q3. PATC was performed in a median (IQR) of 13 (7-20) days before the procedure. Patients answered directly in 73% of cases without the need for recall. During surgery, 4 incidents occurred and none were attributable to PATC. Patient satisfaction was 93.3% and 85.8% of them preferred PATC to conventional PAC. The kilometric saving was 74 (30-196) km per PATC.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Both patients and professionals were satisfied with PATC, which did not impact safety. On the selected patients, PATC brings many practical benefits and increases organizational flexibility.</p>","PeriodicalId":23353,"journal":{"name":"Turkish journal of anaesthesiology and reanimation","volume":"51 3","pages":"207-212"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2023-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10339756/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10189511","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}