Tumori最新文献

{"title":"Patient-reported financial toxicity within Italian public healthcare system: A cross-sectional analysis in patients with cancer.","authors":"Anna Amela Valsecchi, Pamela Festa, Maria Laura Malgarini, Giorgia Novero, Chiara Pallisco, Paola Sabbadini, Silvia Beatrice, Marinella Mistrangelo, Gloria Mittica, Alessandra Beano, Francesco Perrone, Massimo Di Maio","doi":"10.1177/03008916261417280","DOIUrl":"10.1177/03008916261417280","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>The PROFFIT questionnaire was previously developed and validated, to assess financial toxicity (FT) in Italian patients with cancer. Here we describe FT in patients treated in a public Italian institution in 2024, with a focus on potential determinants of the problem.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>PROFFIT was administered cross-sectionally to outpatients undergoing cancer therapy at AOU Città della Salute e della Scienza, Turin. Analysis was descriptive. Multivariate analysis explored association between clinical/demographic features, PROFFIT determinants and PROFFIT score.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>From October 2024 to December 2024, 359 patients filled in PROFFIT. Median PROFFIT score (0-100 scale) was 33.3 (IQR 14.3-52.4). One hundred and twenty five patients (35%) declared that illness reduced their financial resources. One hundred and three patients (29%) felt that their economic situation affects the possibility of receiving medical care; 124 (35%) felt that National Health Service does not cover all disease costs; 162 (46%) declared payments for private medical exams, 204 (56%) for additional medicines/supplements, 144 (40%) for additional treatments. PROFFIT score was significantly higher in younger patients, in those with worse educational level, in divorced/unmarried patients, in those with economically dependent family members, and in unemployed patients. PROFFIT score was higher for patients with a longer distance to travel to the hospital, although it was not statistically significant. At multivariate analysis, characteristics associated with PROFFIT score were educational level, economically dependent family members, employment status and time from diagnosis; PROFFIT determinants associated with PROFFIT score were payments for additional medicines, payments for additional treatments and travel expenses.ConclusionsEven within the Italian public health system, FT is not negligible among patients with cancer.</p>","PeriodicalId":23349,"journal":{"name":"Tumori","volume":" ","pages":"164-175"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147285139","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Safety evaluation of selective RET inhibitors in patients with lung cancer: a real-world pharmacovigilance study.","authors":"Yaokai Wang, Wenmei Jiang, Yun Cheng, Qian Dong, Junnan Ru, Chang Yu, Jue Shen, Leilei Wu","doi":"10.1177/03008916251414316","DOIUrl":"10.1177/03008916251414316","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Selpercatinib and pralsetinib are targeted therapies for non-small cell lung cancer. However, their adverse reaction profiles remain incompletely understood. This study aims to evaluate the post-marketing adverse events (AEs) associated with selpercatinib and pralsetinib in real-world populations.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a comprehensive analysis of AEs linked to selective RET inhibitors using advanced data mining techniques on the FDA Adverse Event Reporting System. Disproportionality analysis was performed to quantify the association between these drugs and AEs. Key metrics for disproportionality assessment included the reporting odds ratio (ROR), proportional reporting ratio, information component, and empirical Bayesian geometric mean.</p><p><strong>Result: </strong>A total of 522 and 917 AE reports were identified for selpercatinib and pralsetinib in lung cancer patients, with 209 and 312 preferred terms recorded for each drug. The most frequent AEs for selpercatinib included hepatobiliary disorders (ROR=10.71) and cardiac disorders (ROR=2.33). For pralsetinib, the most common AEs were hepatobiliary disorders (ROR=2.57) and gastrointestinal disorders (ROR=1.53). Compared to pralsetinib, selpercatinib had a more increased risk of serious outcomes (P<0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study provides critical insights into the established and potential adverse events associated with selpercatinib and pralsetinib. The findings offer valuable evidence to guide the clinical use of RET inhibitors.</p>","PeriodicalId":23349,"journal":{"name":"Tumori","volume":" ","pages":"124-133"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146126379","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Digital workload in oncology trials: A comparative analysis of e-portal usage and operational insights from a single-center experience.","authors":"Stefano Stabile, Sara Mariano, Anna Bombelli, Noemi Salmistraro, Letizia Monti, Giovanna Marrapese, Silvia Ghezzi, Francesca Pelle, Federica Rungo, Sabrina Carolei, Salvatore Siena","doi":"10.1177/03008916251412105","DOIUrl":"10.1177/03008916251412105","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The digitalization of clinical research has increased reliance on electronic portals (e-portals), with significant implications for trial site operations. Our aim is to map the types and number of e-portals required for clinical trials on solid tumors conducted at the Niguarda Cancer Center.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We performed an aggregated analysis of 65 interventional drug trials (phase I-III) initiated between August 2022 and March 2025. For each study, the number and type of e-portals required at the site were recorded and stratified by sponsor type. Analyses were conducted using R.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 65 trials were included (57 industry-sponsored, 8 academic). The mean number of e-portals per study was 5.3, with 66.1% of trials requiring 5-7 portals. Industry-sponsored trials employed significantly more e-portals than academic ones (mean ± SD: 5.8 ± 1.7 vs. 1.13 ± 0.35; t(41)=22.10, p<0.0001). Electronic Data Capture (EDC) systems were universally implemented (100%). Additional portals for randomization (IXRS), central laboratories, imaging, and safety reporting were common in industry-sponsored trials but rarely used in academic studies. Patient-reported outcomes (PROs) were included in ~49% of industry and 88% of academic trials; 89% of PROs in industry studies were captured via ePRO portals, while academic trials mostly relied on paper forms or EDC integration.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Industry-sponsored oncology trials impose a high digital workload on sites. Vendor streamlining, single sign-on solutions, open API standards, and shared ePRO infrastructures could improve efficiency, interoperability, and data quality.</p>","PeriodicalId":23349,"journal":{"name":"Tumori","volume":" ","pages":"157-163"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146114409","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Quality of life and sexual function after breast conservation surgery and mastectomy without reconstruction in South Indian patients.","authors":"Silviya Jenifer, Sneha Raja, Narmatha Rajarathinam, Jayasutha Jayram, Manickavasagam Meenakshisundaram","doi":"10.1177/03008916261425451","DOIUrl":"10.1177/03008916261425451","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Breast cancer is a leading malignancy among women worldwide, significantly affecting physical, psychological, and sexual well-being. Surgical options such as breast conservation surgery (BCS) and mastectomy have distinct implications on patients' quality of life. This study aimed to compare health-related quality of life (HRQoL) and sexual functioning in breast cancer patients undergoing BCS or mastectomy.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A prospective observational study was conducted over a 10-month period at a tertiary care hospital. Sixty-five breast cancer patients aged 20-50 years, who underwent either BCS (n=33) or mastectomy (n=32), were enrolled. Data were collected on baseline characteristics and HRQoL and sexual functioning were assessed using the EORTC QLQ-BR42 and Female Sexual Function Index (FSFI) questionnaires.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>BCS patients reported significantly better scores in FSFI domains such as desire, lubrication, orgasm, and satisfaction (p<0.05), with a higher final FSFI score (5.53 ± 1.78) compared to mastectomy patients (3.93 ± 1.06). On the BR42 scale, BCS patients showed better body image and satisfaction scores (p<0.05). No significant differences were observed in systemic side effects, future health worries, and sexuality domains between the groups.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Breast conservation surgery patients had better sexual function and quality of life compared to mastectomy patients. These findings underscore the importance of incorporating quality-of-life outcomes in surgical decision-making and preoperative counseling for breast cancer patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":23349,"journal":{"name":"Tumori","volume":" ","pages":"118-123"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147327132","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cancer prevention and cancer avoidance: Challenges and opportunities.","authors":"Giovanni Apolone, Maria Teresa Montella, Gianluca Severi, Giulio Pompilio","doi":"10.1177/03008916251404224","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/03008916251404224","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Despite innovations in diagnosis and treatment that have increased our ability to control cancer, it remains the second leading cause of death in Europe and is the principal cause in the under-65s. According to Eurostat, cancer accounted for 30.6% of all deaths in this age group in 2021, 40.6% for women and 25.6% for men.</p>","PeriodicalId":23349,"journal":{"name":"Tumori","volume":" ","pages":"3008916251404224"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147514947","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Overview of combined adjuvant strategies for tumor biomarker detection.","authors":"JianKun Liang, XiaoWen Xin, Ai Chen, Wei Li, ZhenLong Sun, Nan Wang, Peng Liu, MingYi Wang","doi":"10.1177/03008916261425908","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/03008916261425908","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Cancer is one of the leading causes of death worldwide, and early tumor detection can significantly reduce mortality rates. Liquid biopsy is a minimally invasive, repeatable method with a high economic benefit ratio, and it shows excellent prospects for tumor diagnosis. However, the detection methods relying on classical biomarkers have limited sensitivity and accuracy. The application of auxiliary reagents, such as iRGD, promotes the release of alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) to improve the detection efficiency of liver cancer. Artificial intelligence (AI) technology is increasingly being applied as an assistant in tumor diagnosis. It can automatically identify tumor lesions in imaging, analyze tumor-related gene mutations, classify circulating tumor cells (CTCs), and integrate multi-omics data. These auxiliary means have enhanced the efficiency of tumor screening or detection. In this review, we summarize the combined applications of iRGD and AFP. We also discuss emerging new detection techniques, including CTCs, circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA), exosomes, and tumor-educated platelets (TEPs), specifically with the help of AI. The aim is to better understand the auxiliary role of the iRGD reagent and AI technology in early tumor detection.</p>","PeriodicalId":23349,"journal":{"name":"Tumori","volume":" ","pages":"3008916261425908"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147445276","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The clinical usefulness of knowing <i>CHRNA5</i> polymorphism genotype: paving the way for personalized therapy.","authors":"Francesca Colombo, Chiara Veronese, Elena Munarini, Cinzia Paolino, Davide Maspero, Nunzia Mangano, Martina Esposito, Francesca Minnai, Sara Noci, Marta Giussani, Daniele Morelli, Elisa Cardani, Alessandro Esposito, Gaia Giulia Angela Sacco, Debora Spitaleri, Roberto Boffi","doi":"10.1177/03008916251408279","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/03008916251408279","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Tobacco smoking is a leading cause of global mortality, with cessation being the primary prevention strategy. Nicotine addiction has a genetic component; the rs503464 single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in the <i>CHRNA5</i> gene is associated with smoking cessation therapy success. However, the impact of communicating genetic risk to patients remains unclear. This study evaluated whether knowledge of the rs503464 genotype influences smoking cessation rates.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>270 smokers were enrolled and randomized into two groups: informed and uninformed of their rs503464 genotype. All participants received standard pharmacological-behavioral interventions. Cessation rates were assessed at 1, 3, 6, and 12 months. Multivariable logistic regression models analyzed the effect of knowing the rs503464 genotype and other variables on cessation success.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among the 219 subjects who started prescribed smoking cessation medication, no significant differences in cessation rates were observed between participants informed or not informed of their rs503464 genotype at any follow-up point (P > 0.05). Male gender and higher baseline carbon monoxide levels were associated with lower success rates at three months. The medications used were equally effective.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Communication of the rs503464 genotype did not influence smoking cessation success, proving that it does not disturb this process. This result opens the possibility of using genetic information to personalize anti-smoking treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":23349,"journal":{"name":"Tumori","volume":" ","pages":"3008916251408279"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-03-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147435838","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Choriocarcinoma: Diagnosis, treatment and management of a rare germ cell tumour. An update review.","authors":"Pierantoni Francesco, Caliciotti Fabiana, Ahcene Djaballah Selma, Lai Eleonora, Bimbatti Davide, Stragliotto Silvia, Zampiva Ilaria, Melissa Ballestrin, Pittarello Chiara, Jubran Salim, Pretto Greta, Elisa Erbetta, Milani Anna, Basso Umberto, Maruzzo Marco","doi":"10.1177/03008916251408266","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/03008916251408266","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Choriocarcinoma is a malignant neoplasia which develops from trophoblastic cells. In males it is rare and often associated with other non-seminomatous germ cell tumours of the testis. Choriocarcinoma often presents with metastatic disease and elevated βHCG levels. Usually, patients' symptoms are associated with the different metastatic sites and they can be severe or even life-threatening. Moreover, choriocarcinoma is chemosensitive and the administration of chemotherapy with curative intent may lead to tumour-lysis syndrome and the more specific choriocarcinoma syndrome (CS). Therefore, the treatment of metastatic choriocarcinoma is complex, involving both oncological therapy and the management of acute complications. This review explores choriocarcinoma in males, focusing on its clinical presentation, pathogenetic mechanisms, and treatment options, including investigational therapies. Additionally, we aim to highlight the severe complications of CS and discuss its management strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":23349,"journal":{"name":"Tumori","volume":" ","pages":"3008916251408266"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-02-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147277331","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"ALYREF promotes laryngeal cancer progression through a lactate-mediated lactylation feedback loop that enhances glycolysis.","authors":"Shanyan Bian, Yingwei Guo, Rui Li, Yingtao Wu, Jianqi Zhao, Jiancong Huang","doi":"10.1177/03008916261417937","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/03008916261417937","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>As a serious malignancy of the head and neck region, laryngeal cancer (LC) exhibits active glycolysis that produces lactate, a metabolite capable of inducing protein lactylation. However, the role of lactate-induced modifications in LC progression remains poorly understood. Although ALYREF has been identified as an oncogenic driver in several cancers, its function in LC has not yet been investigated.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Malignant cell behaviors were assessed using Cell Counting Kit-8, EdU staining, glucose uptake, lactate production, and extracellular acidification rate (ECAR) assays. The experimental methodology also included quantitative real-time PCR, western blot, and xenograft tumor models.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Data demonstrated that ALYREF is markedly overexpressed in LC and holds potential diagnostic value. Knockdown of ALYREF impaired both proliferation and glycolytic capacity in LC cells. Mechanistically, increased lactate levels promoted lactylation of ALYREF at the K171 site, which in turn enhanced ALYREF expression. Elevated lactate concentrations rescued the suppression of oncogenic phenotypes and glycolysis induced by ALYREF reduction. Furthermore, in vivo experiments confirmed that ALYREF silencing inhibited tumor growth.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our findings indicate that ALYREF promotes tumor progression by enhancing glycolysis. Glycolysis-derived lactate stabilizes the ALYREF protein via lactylation at K171, establishing a positive feedback loop that drives LC malignancy. Silencing ALYREF suppresses tumor growth, underscoring its potential as a therapeutic target in LC.</p>","PeriodicalId":23349,"journal":{"name":"Tumori","volume":" ","pages":"3008916261417937"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-02-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146143577","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"LDCT-based lung cancer screening and small cell lung cancer: Limited but non-negligible impact on survival. A brief report.","authors":"Roberta Eufrasia Ledda, Federica Sabia, Camilla Valsecchi, Luigi Rolli, Margherita Ruggirello, Alfonso Vittorio Marchianò, Ugo Pastorino","doi":"10.1177/03008916251392738","DOIUrl":"10.1177/03008916251392738","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Low-dose computed tomography (LDCT)-based lung cancer screening (LCS) seems to have very limited impact on small cell lung cancer (SCLC) outcomes. This study aims at describing frequency and outcomes of SCLC in a large LCS population.Patients diagnosed with SCLC among the total population enrolled in three different trials (n = 7473) were selected for the present analysis. Demographic and clinical data were collected at the baseline and follow-up screening rounds, while the vital status and date of death were obtained through a dedicated national platform. Of the 396 diagnosed LCs, 28 (7.1%) were SCLCs; median survival time from the diagnosis was 1.5 years, and overall mortality was 71.4%. Screen-detected SCLCs were 20/28 (71.4%); 5/20 (25%) were prevalent cancers and 15/20 (75%) incident ones. Five-year mortality among the screen-detected and non-screen detected SCLCs was 70% and 62.5%, respectively.The frequency of SCLC was lower as compared to other trials. Although no significant differences in five-year mortality were observed between screen-detected and non-screen-detected SCLCs, the overall five-year mortality was substantially lower than that reported in non-LCS populations, suggesting that LDCT-based LCS has an impact on SCLC outcome, albeit limited.</p>","PeriodicalId":23349,"journal":{"name":"Tumori","volume":" ","pages":"83-86"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12916859/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145769288","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}