Transplant InternationalPub Date : 2026-03-27eCollection Date: 2026-01-01DOI: 10.3389/ti.2026.15517
Daniel Fantus, Robert Balshaw, Chee Loong Saw, Majda Belkaid, Narin S Tangprasertchai, Thierry Viard, François Gougeon, Justin Belair, Claude Daniel, Caroline Lamarche, Sílvia Casas, Heloise Cardinal, Julie Ho
{"title":"Diagnostic Potential of Urine CXCL10 and Donor-Derived cfDNA in Kidney Transplant Rejection.","authors":"Daniel Fantus, Robert Balshaw, Chee Loong Saw, Majda Belkaid, Narin S Tangprasertchai, Thierry Viard, François Gougeon, Justin Belair, Claude Daniel, Caroline Lamarche, Sílvia Casas, Heloise Cardinal, Julie Ho","doi":"10.3389/ti.2026.15517","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/ti.2026.15517","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Data suggests donor-derived cell-free DNA (dd-cfDNA) and urine CXCL10 outperform serum creatinine as a biomarker of antibody-mediated rejection (AMR) and T cell-mediated rejection (TCMR). We hypothesized that combining these biomarkers would improve the overall detection of rejection. We performed a retrospective two-center, case-controlled study of 103 adult renal transplant recipients who had for-cause or surveillance biopsies with corresponding urine and plasma samples. Rejection was classified by Banff 2022 criteria. While log<sub>10</sub>%dd-cfDNA correlated more strongly than log<sub>10</sub>CXCL10 with glomerulitis (r = 0.55, p < 0.001 vs. r = 0.25, p = 0.01) and peritubular capillaritis (r = 0.47, p < 0.001 vs. r = 0.23, p = 0.02), log<sub>10</sub>CXCL10 was a better correlate of tubulitis (r = 0.28, p = 0.004 vs. r = 0.054, p = 0.59). Both dd-cfDNA > 0.5% (OR 21.9, 95% CI 3.74-180, p < 0.001) and <i>de novo</i> DSA (OR 10.4, 95% CI 1.16-157, p = 0.037) were independently associated with AMR vs. no rejection (NR), while log<sub>10</sub> serum creatinine and log<sub>10</sub>CXCL10 were not (p > 0.05). While dd-cfDNA >0.5% (OR 5.37, 95% CI 1.04-31.5, p = 0.047) was independently associated with Banff ≥1A TCMR vs. NR, log<sub>10</sub>CXCL10 was a significant predictor of TCMR in a model without %dd-cfDNA (OR 3.12, 95% CI 1.09-10.4, p = 0.043). Biomarker-guided screening strategies based on dd-cfDNA and urine chemokines such as CXCL10 for AMR (microvascular injury) and TCMR (tubulitis) warrant further study.</p>","PeriodicalId":23343,"journal":{"name":"Transplant International","volume":"39 ","pages":"15517"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13067146/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147677019","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Transplant InternationalPub Date : 2026-03-25eCollection Date: 2026-01-01DOI: 10.3389/ti.2026.15547
Christopher J E Watson, Ina Jochmans, Stephen Macdonald, Danielle White, Christopher Bridgeman, Andrew J Butler, Rohit Gaurav, Lisa Swift, Anna L Paterson, Letizia Lo Faro, Maria E Kaisar, David Nasralla, Peri Husen, Sarah Cross, Peter J Friend, Rutger J Ploeg, Vasilis Kosmoliaptsis
{"title":"Evaluation of the Prevalence of Occult Fibrin in Donor Organs, Its Origins, and Consequences: Insights From the COPE Studies.","authors":"Christopher J E Watson, Ina Jochmans, Stephen Macdonald, Danielle White, Christopher Bridgeman, Andrew J Butler, Rohit Gaurav, Lisa Swift, Anna L Paterson, Letizia Lo Faro, Maria E Kaisar, David Nasralla, Peri Husen, Sarah Cross, Peter J Friend, Rutger J Ploeg, Vasilis Kosmoliaptsis","doi":"10.3389/ti.2026.15547","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/ti.2026.15547","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Microthrombi are often observed in the glomerular tufts of peri-transplant renal biopsies, and occult fibrin has been described in livers undergoing normothermic perfusion, with its presence associated with cholangiopathy and poorer transplant survival. To further examine the phenomenon, we measured D-dimers in the perfusates of kidneys and livers that were part of organ perfusion studies conducted by the Consortium for Organ Preservation in Europe. Both kidneys and livers were found to contain variable amounts of D-dimers. The need for dialysis in kidneys donated after circulatory death (DCD) was associated with higher levels of D-dimers in the hypothermic kidney perfusate. Higher amounts of D-dimers in the liver perfusate were associated with poorer liver transplant survival. There was no significant difference in D-dimer release from livers and kidneys between donors who died from head trauma, stroke, or hypoxia. Organs from donors who died by euthanasia had significantly fewer D-dimers. This study shows that occult fibrin is common in both livers and kidneys from deceased donors and has adverse consequences. The different D-dimer loads by donor cause of death suggest a donor origin for at least some of the occult fibrin.</p>","PeriodicalId":23343,"journal":{"name":"Transplant International","volume":"39 ","pages":"15547"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13056880/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147646434","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Transplant InternationalPub Date : 2026-03-24eCollection Date: 2026-01-01DOI: 10.3389/ti.2026.16528
Gianluigi Zaza, Annemarie Weissenbacher, Alessandro Vitale, Lorna Marson, Pål-Dag Line, David Cucchiari, Andreas Kronbichler
{"title":"Oncology and Solid Organ Transplantation: New Biological and Clinical Insights.","authors":"Gianluigi Zaza, Annemarie Weissenbacher, Alessandro Vitale, Lorna Marson, Pål-Dag Line, David Cucchiari, Andreas Kronbichler","doi":"10.3389/ti.2026.16528","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/ti.2026.16528","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":23343,"journal":{"name":"Transplant International","volume":"39 ","pages":"16528"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13053496/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147640067","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Transplant InternationalPub Date : 2026-03-19eCollection Date: 2026-01-01DOI: 10.3389/ti.2026.14640
Christian Patry, Miriam Boßung, Manuel Feißt, Kai Krupka, Britta Höcker, Lars Pape, Nele Kanzelmeyer, Lutz T Weber, Jun Oh, Atif Awan, Thomas Simon, Licia Peruzzi, Ali Duzova, Jon Jin Kim, Mohan Shenoy, Claus Peter Schmitt, Alexander Fichtner, Burkhard Tönshoff
{"title":"Risk Assessment of Delayed Graft Function in Pediatric Kidney Transplantation - a CERTAIN Research Network Analysis.","authors":"Christian Patry, Miriam Boßung, Manuel Feißt, Kai Krupka, Britta Höcker, Lars Pape, Nele Kanzelmeyer, Lutz T Weber, Jun Oh, Atif Awan, Thomas Simon, Licia Peruzzi, Ali Duzova, Jon Jin Kim, Mohan Shenoy, Claus Peter Schmitt, Alexander Fichtner, Burkhard Tönshoff","doi":"10.3389/ti.2026.14640","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/ti.2026.14640","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Delayed graft function (DGF) in pediatric kidney transplantation is a serious complication with negative impact on graft survival. Currently, there are no reliable methods available to assess the risk of DGF in children. We performed a retrospective analysis of data from the Cooperative European Paediatric Renal Transplant Initiative (CERTAIN) registry to develop a DGF risk assessment model for pediatric kidney transplantation, based on parameters available within the first 24 h post-transplant. The model was developed by forward selection and logistic regression. This study included n = 694 patients. The overall rate of DGF was 8.5%. The following key parameters were selected for the DGF risk assessment model: (i) occurrence of post-transplant surgical complications, (ii) immediate graft urine production, (iii) rate of change in recipient's serum creatinine, (iv) initial calcineurin inhibitor therapy. The significance of these parameters was confirmed by calculating adjusted odds ratios. In the training cohort and the internal validation cohort the ROC-AUCs were 0.9043 and 0.878. This multivariable model based on early post-transplant parameters can predict the occurrence of DGF in pediatric kidney transplant recipients with high accuracy and may facilitate future interventional trials of targeted pharmacological strategies against ischemia-reperfusion injury in this population.</p>","PeriodicalId":23343,"journal":{"name":"Transplant International","volume":"39 ","pages":"14640"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13045783/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147623806","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Transplant InternationalPub Date : 2026-03-18eCollection Date: 2026-01-01DOI: 10.3389/ti.2026.16061
Elena Cuadrado-Payán, María José Ramírez-Bajo, Elisenda Banón-Maneus, Jordi Rovira, Natalia Hierro, Daniel Serrano-Jorcano, María Argudo, Enrique Montagud-Marrahi, Diana Rodríguez-Espinosa, Carolt Arana, Alicia Molina-Andújar, Angela González-Rojas, Nuria Esforzado, Vicens Torregrosa, Pedro Ventura-Aguiar, José Jesús Broseta, Eva González-Roca, Eduard Palou, Fritz Diekmann, David Cucchiari, Ignacio Revuelta
{"title":"Discovery of Donor-Derived Exosomal DNA as an Exploratory Biomarker of Kidney Graft Rejection: A Cross-Sectional Study.","authors":"Elena Cuadrado-Payán, María José Ramírez-Bajo, Elisenda Banón-Maneus, Jordi Rovira, Natalia Hierro, Daniel Serrano-Jorcano, María Argudo, Enrique Montagud-Marrahi, Diana Rodríguez-Espinosa, Carolt Arana, Alicia Molina-Andújar, Angela González-Rojas, Nuria Esforzado, Vicens Torregrosa, Pedro Ventura-Aguiar, José Jesús Broseta, Eva González-Roca, Eduard Palou, Fritz Diekmann, David Cucchiari, Ignacio Revuelta","doi":"10.3389/ti.2026.16061","DOIUrl":"10.3389/ti.2026.16061","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Circulating donor DNA has emerged as a valuable tool for clinical decision-making in kidney transplantation. While most studies focus on cell-free DNA, the role of donor DNA associated with extracellular vesicles (EVs) remains unexplored. To address this, we analyzed donor-derived exosomal DNA (dd-exoDNA) in 100 kidney transplant recipients (KTR) undergoing surveillance or indicated biopsies. Serum exosomes were isolated using precipitation-based technology, and dd-exoDNA was analyzed via digital PCR targeting donor/recipient HLA-DRB1 mismatches. Dd-exoDNA levels were higher in rejection versus non-rejection (2.66 [0.56-7.10] ×10<sup>-3</sup> vs. 0.69 [0.28-1.71] ×10<sup>-3</sup>, <i>p</i> = 0.004) and were associated with Banff score items: glomerulitis ≥1 (<i>p</i> = 0.037), peritubular capillaritis ≥1 (<i>p</i> = 0.040), and tubulitis ≥2 (<i>p</i> = 0.043). In multivariate analysis, dd-exoDNA remained independently associated with rejection, although with wide confidence intervals (OR [95%CI] 3.68 [1.32-10.26], P = 0.013). Exploratory threshold analyses suggested moderate discriminative performance. These findings indicate that donor DNA associated with circulating EVs may offer complementary information to existing biomarkers, warranting validation in external cohorts and comparison with established assays.</p>","PeriodicalId":23343,"journal":{"name":"Transplant International","volume":"39 ","pages":"16061"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13038620/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147609919","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Transplant InternationalPub Date : 2026-03-13eCollection Date: 2026-01-01DOI: 10.3389/ti.2026.15952
Elvana Rista, Goce Spasovski, Damir Rebic, Mirjana Lausevic, Danilo Radunovic, Vjollca Godanci, Ariana Strakosha, Alma Idrizi, Kristi Saliaj, Emin Baris Akin, Jelena Stojanovic, Fernanda Ortiz, Carmen Lefaucheur, Luciano Potena, Efstratios Chatzixiros, Jamil Azzi, Devi Mey
{"title":"Kidney Transplantation in Western Balkans: A Regional Blueprint for Access, Capacity, and Equity.","authors":"Elvana Rista, Goce Spasovski, Damir Rebic, Mirjana Lausevic, Danilo Radunovic, Vjollca Godanci, Ariana Strakosha, Alma Idrizi, Kristi Saliaj, Emin Baris Akin, Jelena Stojanovic, Fernanda Ortiz, Carmen Lefaucheur, Luciano Potena, Efstratios Chatzixiros, Jamil Azzi, Devi Mey","doi":"10.3389/ti.2026.15952","DOIUrl":"10.3389/ti.2026.15952","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>There is no medical field where the impact of medical evolution is more palpable than in kidney transplantation. The pioneers of this procedure, 70 years ago, laid out the foundation for organ transplantation in general and kidney transplantation in particular. Despite the incredible advancements that have been made since, huge differences exist worldwide in terms of access, equity and quality of care. Nowhere are these disparities more prominent than in developing countries with limited resources, underfunded healthcare systems and transplantation infrastructures, particularly the Western Balkans. This position paper delineates the biggest barriers hindering the development of kidney transplantation in the Western Balkans, put forth and agreed upon by a group of regional experts on the field, based on the Modified Delphi Method. Limitations in training, infrastructure, restrictive and outdated legislative practices, lack of a centralized coordination network and fragmented regional collaboration, emerged as the principal challenges. Endorsed by European Society for Organ Transplantation (ESOT), this paper outlines a pragmatic and practical framework to overcome these obstacles, towards building robust and sustainable transplantation programs that ensure high-quality and equitable access to kidney transplantation, for all patients in this region.</p>","PeriodicalId":23343,"journal":{"name":"Transplant International","volume":"39 ","pages":"15952"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13023137/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147575520","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Transplant InternationalPub Date : 2026-03-12eCollection Date: 2026-01-01DOI: 10.3389/ti.2026.15929
Iris Schröter, Lisa Loi, Marvin Reineke, Markus Rudek, Christian Nusshag, Florian Kälble, Claudius Speer, Martin Zeier, Thuong Hien Tran, Christian Morath, Louise Benning
{"title":"Longitudinal Monitoring of Donor-Derived Cell-Free DNA Supports Risk Stratification in Kidney Transplant Recipients With Allograft Dysfunction.","authors":"Iris Schröter, Lisa Loi, Marvin Reineke, Markus Rudek, Christian Nusshag, Florian Kälble, Claudius Speer, Martin Zeier, Thuong Hien Tran, Christian Morath, Louise Benning","doi":"10.3389/ti.2026.15929","DOIUrl":"10.3389/ti.2026.15929","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The prognostic value of donor-derived cell-free DNA (dd-cfDNA) for long-term kidney allograft outcomes after indication biopsy remains incompletely defined. In this prospective single-center cohort, 106 kidney transplant recipients with 108 indication biopsies were assessed for dd-cfDNA at biopsy and at 7, 30, and 90 days thereafter. dd-cfDNA was analyzed as a continuous, threshold-based, and longitudinal time-dependent variable. Clinical endpoints included ≥30% eGFR decline within 2 years, indication for re-biopsy, and graft failure. Persistent elevation of dd-cfDNA (≥0.5% at 90 days) occurred in 7.4% of patients, with 50% requiring re-biopsy and 37.5% developing graft failure. A single measurement ≥1.0% significantly predicted ≥30% eGFR decline (HR 2.28; 95% CI 1.03-5.05), whereas levels ≥0.5% were less discriminative. In multivariable time-dependent Cox models adjusted for age, sex, time from transplantation to biopsy, baseline eGFR, baseline proteinuria, and Banff domain scores, longitudinal dd-cfDNA remained independently associated with ≥30% eGFR decline (HR 1.68; 95% CI 1.12-2.51), re-biopsy (HR 1.88; 95% CI 1.38-2.55), and graft failure (HR 3.42; 95% CI 2.00-5.86). In conclusion, dd-cfDNA levels, particularly when assessed longitudinally, are associated with adverse allograft outcomes after indication biopsy and may provide relevant prognostic information beyond a single measurement.</p>","PeriodicalId":23343,"journal":{"name":"Transplant International","volume":"39 ","pages":"15929"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13017682/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147575554","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Transplant InternationalPub Date : 2026-03-10eCollection Date: 2026-01-01DOI: 10.3389/ti.2026.16092
Zeynep Ural
{"title":"Sexual Dimorphism in Renal Progenitors: Do Immunosuppressants Erase the Female Advantage?","authors":"Zeynep Ural","doi":"10.3389/ti.2026.16092","DOIUrl":"10.3389/ti.2026.16092","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":23343,"journal":{"name":"Transplant International","volume":"39 ","pages":"16092"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13008819/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147514904","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Transplant InternationalPub Date : 2026-03-09eCollection Date: 2026-01-01DOI: 10.3389/ti.2026.15844
Khaled Sayah, Henry Burt, Yizi Zheng, Taina Lee, Lawrence Yuen, Christopher Nahm, Jinna Yao, Wai Lim, Germaine Wong, Leonard Lee, Ahmer Hameed, Henry Pleass
{"title":"Impact of Vascular Anastomosis Time on Kidney Transplant Outcomes - A Systematic Review.","authors":"Khaled Sayah, Henry Burt, Yizi Zheng, Taina Lee, Lawrence Yuen, Christopher Nahm, Jinna Yao, Wai Lim, Germaine Wong, Leonard Lee, Ahmer Hameed, Henry Pleass","doi":"10.3389/ti.2026.15844","DOIUrl":"10.3389/ti.2026.15844","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Anastomotic time (AT), also termed second warm ischaemic time (SWIT), is a potentially important intraoperative factor in kidney transplantation, yet its impact on outcomes has not been systematically synthesised. We conducted a systematic review to examine the association between AT and delayed graft function (DGF), graft survival, and patient survival. Cochrane, Embase, and Medline were searched to 21 July 2025. Nine retrospective cohort studies comprising 155,523 transplants were included. Across all donor types, longer AT was consistently associated with higher rates of DGF within individual studies. Several studies also reported poorer 1- and 5-year graft survival with prolonged AT, while findings for patient survival were equivocal. However, substantial heterogeneity across studies, including donor type, AT definitions, outcome reporting, and incomplete adjustment for key confounders, precluded formal meta-analysis. None of the included studies consistently adjusted for major determinants of graft outcomes. These findings suggest a potential link between prolonged AT and adverse graft outcomes, but high-quality prospective studies with standardised reporting and confounder adjustment are required before AT can be considered an independent determinant of transplant outcomes.</p><p><strong>Systematic review registration: </strong>https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/, identifier PROSPERO CRD42024549222.</p>","PeriodicalId":23343,"journal":{"name":"Transplant International","volume":"39 ","pages":"15844"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13006796/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147514911","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}