Laura E Brettell, Clarissa P Ferreira, Ethel M Villalobos, Declan C Schroeder, Stephen J Martin
{"title":"Coevolution stabilizes the honey bee-Varroa destructor-virus system on islands.","authors":"Laura E Brettell, Clarissa P Ferreira, Ethel M Villalobos, Declan C Schroeder, Stephen J Martin","doi":"10.1016/j.pt.2026.04.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pt.2026.04.001","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>For 65 years, the ectoparasitic mite Varroa destructor, along with the deformed wing virus (DWV) it vectors, has killed millions of Apis mellifera honey bee colonies globally. The coevolution of the 'bee-mite-virus' system in Hawaii over 17 years has been closely followed. Resistance to V. destructor evolved in the free-living honey bees on Oahu by detecting and removing a high proportion of mite-infested brood cells, as seen in other mite-resistant honey bees. On Big Island, miticides remain widely used, so on both islands, DWV prevalence decreased, but a more virulent recombinant form evolved. Thus, coevolution on Oahu has produced a new stable 'bee-mite-virus' state that has been exploited by beekeepers and provides a global solution to the V. destructor problem.</p>","PeriodicalId":23327,"journal":{"name":"Trends in parasitology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2026-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147843442","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Anders Krifors, Torbjörn Larsson, Andreas Wångdahl, C Rune Stensvold
{"title":"Time to rethink Blastocystis in faecal microbiota transplantation.","authors":"Anders Krifors, Torbjörn Larsson, Andreas Wångdahl, C Rune Stensvold","doi":"10.1016/j.pt.2026.04.005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pt.2026.04.005","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Blastocystis commonly colonises the human gut, but its presence has traditionally led to the exclusion of faecal microbiota transplantation donors. Emerging evidence links it to greater microbial diversity and favourable metabolic profiles, while no harm is seen in immunocompetent recipients. Routine screening may be unnecessary, except for subtype-specific testing in immunocompromised patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":23327,"journal":{"name":"Trends in parasitology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2026-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147843437","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Richard Wall, Eric Morgan, Sioned Timothy, Gustavo Sabatini
{"title":"Managing the environmental impact of livestock endectocides through refugia-based control.","authors":"Richard Wall, Eric Morgan, Sioned Timothy, Gustavo Sabatini","doi":"10.1016/j.pt.2026.04.004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pt.2026.04.004","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Refugia for dung-breeding invertebrates can be created by treating only the livestock at the greatest clinical need within a herd or flock with parasiticides, while also safeguarding against risks to production and animal welfare. Although an attractive concept, practical application remains challenging; nevertheless, pragmatic targeted approaches are likely to have positive environmental impacts.</p>","PeriodicalId":23327,"journal":{"name":"Trends in parasitology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2026-05-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147821162","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Molecular foundations and tissue-specific dynamics of the mosquito circadian clock.","authors":"Julien Devilliers, Joshua B Benoit, Zhijian J Tu, Chloé Lahondère, Clément Vinauger","doi":"10.1016/j.pt.2026.04.003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pt.2026.04.003","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Circadian clocks coordinate daily rhythms, shaping mating, host-seeking, and pathogen transmission in mosquitoes. In this review article, we discuss the current understanding of the molecular clockwork in key mosquito species, including Aedes aegypti and Anopheles gambiae, highlighting clade-specific features and diversified transcription-translation feedback loops relative to Drosophila's canonical clock model. We synthesize evidence and propose mechanistic hypotheses about the integration of environmental cues by central and peripheral clocks in an organ- and sex-specific manner, including a reanalysis of rhythmic RNA-sequencing data. Finally, we discuss how temporal synchrony among vector, host, and parasite determines transmission efficiency and how emerging single-cell and circuit-level tools will refine models of mosquito circadian organization. Overall, this review provides a framework for understanding mosquito daily and circadian rhythms.</p>","PeriodicalId":23327,"journal":{"name":"Trends in parasitology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147821206","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Trends in parasitologyPub Date : 2026-05-01Epub Date: 2026-03-31DOI: 10.1016/j.pt.2026.03.007
Haoran Zhong, Yamei Jin
{"title":"Wiring love governs female reproductive fate in schistosomes.","authors":"Haoran Zhong, Yamei Jin","doi":"10.1016/j.pt.2026.03.007","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pt.2026.03.007","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Male regulation of female reproductive development in schistosomes depends on an intact reproductive neural network. You et al. identify a limbic system-associated membrane protein as essential for maintaining this network, enabling the efficient release of the pheromone β-alanyl-tryptamine dipeptide, which promotes female maturation.</p>","PeriodicalId":23327,"journal":{"name":"Trends in parasitology","volume":" ","pages":"316-318"},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147593917","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Trends in parasitologyPub Date : 2026-05-01Epub Date: 2026-04-03DOI: 10.1016/j.pt.2026.02.010
Ryan J Marczak, Caryn Bern, Jeffrey D Whitman
{"title":"Trypanosoma cruzi trans-sialidase antigens: immunodominance and diagnostic applications.","authors":"Ryan J Marczak, Caryn Bern, Jeffrey D Whitman","doi":"10.1016/j.pt.2026.02.010","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pt.2026.02.010","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Chagas disease is caused by the protozoan parasite Trypanosoma cruzi. Traditional antigens for serological diagnosis include several members of the trans-sialidase (TS) protein superfamily, which have roles in host-parasite interactions and elicit strong B cell responses. T. cruzi expresses a large TS repertoire, comprising over 3200 polymorphic genes, organized into eight subfamilies based on sequence motifs and functional characteristics. These proteins are known to facilitate infection and immune evasion. Multiple TS antigens from different subfamilies elicit strong immune responses, with a growing list from recent studies. Current diagnostic assays still rely on antigens discovered decades ago. This review article aims to cover the immunodominance of the TS protein superfamily and their use as antigens for the serological diagnosis of Chagas disease.</p>","PeriodicalId":23327,"journal":{"name":"Trends in parasitology","volume":" ","pages":"366-376"},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147616884","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Trends in parasitologyPub Date : 2026-05-01Epub Date: 2026-04-03DOI: 10.1016/j.pt.2026.03.009
Skylar R Hopkins, Chelsea L Wood
{"title":"Parasite conservation now: turning knowledge into action.","authors":"Skylar R Hopkins, Chelsea L Wood","doi":"10.1016/j.pt.2026.03.009","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pt.2026.03.009","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Parasite conservation is already underway, using existing knowledge and tools, but it needs more coordinated participation from parasitologists. Any expert can assess parasites for the International Union for the Conservation of Nature (IUCN) Red List using standardized criteria based on parasites' geographic distributions, population sizes, and, when available, population trends. Evidence is being compiled from host association data, digitized museum specimens, and literature surveys, and then peer-reviewed through the IUCN Species Survival Commission Parasite Specialist Group to ensure scientific rigor. These assessments connect directly to conservation planning under local to international biodiversity conventions and norms and can inform both in situ and ex situ management to conserve parasites. By sharing data and expertise, parasitologists can turn parasitological knowledge into conservation action.</p>","PeriodicalId":23327,"journal":{"name":"Trends in parasitology","volume":" ","pages":"327-336"},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147618824","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Martin J Donnelly, Alice Kamau, Daniel McDermott, Sanjay C Nagi, Shannan Summers
{"title":"Polygenic scores for genomic surveillance of insecticide resistance in malaria control.","authors":"Martin J Donnelly, Alice Kamau, Daniel McDermott, Sanjay C Nagi, Shannan Summers","doi":"10.1016/j.pt.2026.04.002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pt.2026.04.002","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Recent increases in the global malaria disease burden are thought to be due, in part, to an increase in insecticide resistance, which reduces the efficacy of primary control methods, such as long-lasting insecticide nets and indoor residual spraying. However, quantifying the impact of insecticide resistance on vector control tools before intervention failure is hampered by the insensitivity of phenotyping approaches. In this opinion article, we discuss how genomic approaches can be used to accurately characterise patterns of insecticide resistance and may be used to provide an estimate of the impacts of resistance, which is a prerequisite for evidence-based vector control.</p>","PeriodicalId":23327,"journal":{"name":"Trends in parasitology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147821212","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Trends in parasitologyPub Date : 2026-05-01Epub Date: 2026-03-26DOI: 10.1016/j.pt.2026.02.011
Aurélia C Balestra, Abigail M Daniels, Boris Striepen
{"title":"The revised Cryptosporidium life cycle offers opportunities for fundamental and translational advances.","authors":"Aurélia C Balestra, Abigail M Daniels, Boris Striepen","doi":"10.1016/j.pt.2026.02.011","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pt.2026.02.011","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Cryptosporidium is a leading cause of severe diarrheal disease, for which effective treatments and vaccines are lacking. The past decade has seen breakthrough advances in how the parasite and disease can be studied in the field and the laboratory. This has led to an increasingly molecular understanding of how parasite protein secretion orchestrates invasion and host-parasite interactions and to a revision of the Cryptosporidium life cycle. Parasite sex emerges as an engine of genomic innovation, allowing the parasite to adaptively evolve host specificity, virulence, and drug resistance. The unique importance of sex for Cryptosporidium also offers opportunities for forward genetic discovery and could provide new targets for treatment and prevention. Here, we review key concepts and discuss the outstanding questions critical to fundamental understanding and translational advancement.</p>","PeriodicalId":23327,"journal":{"name":"Trends in parasitology","volume":" ","pages":"350-365"},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147532891","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Trends in parasitologyPub Date : 2026-05-01Epub Date: 2026-04-08DOI: 10.1016/j.pt.2026.03.014
Gabriel Rinaldi
{"title":"Hidden drivers of schistosomiasis: a role for hyperparasitism.","authors":"Gabriel Rinaldi","doi":"10.1016/j.pt.2026.03.014","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pt.2026.03.014","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Shan et al. identified nonparasite genome virus-like RNAs (ngRNAs) in Schistosoma japonicum using computational and experimental approaches. These ngRNAs, found in reproductive tissues and associated with virus-like particles in the parasite's ovary, influence egg development and disease pathology, highlighting a potential role for hyperparasites and suggesting new strategies for schistosomiasis control.</p>","PeriodicalId":23327,"journal":{"name":"Trends in parasitology","volume":" ","pages":"319-321"},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147646636","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}