{"title":"Utility or equity? Analyzing public electric vehicle charger allocations in Austin, Texas","authors":"Seung Jun Choi , Yiming Xu , Junfeng Jiao","doi":"10.1016/j.trd.2025.104994","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.trd.2025.104994","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Disadvantaged groups in the U.S. often face limited access to public Electric Vehicle (EV) charging stations, raising concerns about charging equity. While federal programs like Justice40 acknowledge these issues, conventional analyses often overlook key dimensions by relying on predefined thresholds and underusing accessibility measures. To fill this gap, this study compares two equity analysis approaches: one measuring accessibility inequality and another measuring accessibility poverty. We conducted a case study in Austin, Texas, during which we calculated accessibility measures for public EV charging stations. For measuring accessibility inequality, we employed tools such as the Lorenz Curve, Gini Coefficient, Theil Index, Segplot, Palma Ratio, and concentration curve. For measuring accessibility poverty, we used needs-gap analyses, such as transit desert analysis and the FGT score. Our analysis reveals limitations in traditional methods and demonstrates how alternative approaches complement traditional methods by measuring access gaps on a continuous scale.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23277,"journal":{"name":"Transportation Research Part D-transport and Environment","volume":"148 ","pages":"Article 104994"},"PeriodicalIF":7.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145096694","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Does shipping reduce industrial carbon emissions? Evidence from China’s Three Gorges Dam","authors":"Quanfei Zhang , Mengrui Xie , Qihang Li","doi":"10.1016/j.trd.2025.105000","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.trd.2025.105000","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Addressing global climate change necessitates a significant transformation in the transportation sector, moving towards low-carbon solutions to achieve emission reduction targets. Shipping, as an efficient mode of transport, offers distinct advantages in optimizing transportation structure and reducing transportation costs. This paper focuses on the shipping function of the Three Gorges Dam in China. It employs double machine learning techniques to investigate how this affects carbon emissions within industrial firms. The study finds that the Three Gorges Dam Water Storage and Navigation (TGD-WSN) significantly reduce carbon emissions, with an average reduction of 6.40 %. This effect mainly results from the shift of companies to more economical and environmentally friendly waterway transportation, which effectively reduces fossil fuel consumption. This research provides new insights for assessing the environmental benefits of large hydraulic projects and offers important guidance for promoting the low-carbon transition in the transportation sector.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23277,"journal":{"name":"Transportation Research Part D-transport and Environment","volume":"148 ","pages":"Article 105000"},"PeriodicalIF":7.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145096692","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Zhichao Zhang , Yi Ding , Tiantian Zhu , Kaimin Chen , Weihao Wang , Steve Yeo Keng Swee
{"title":"Digital twin-based energy efficiency evaluation for vessel operations in container terminals","authors":"Zhichao Zhang , Yi Ding , Tiantian Zhu , Kaimin Chen , Weihao Wang , Steve Yeo Keng Swee","doi":"10.1016/j.trd.2025.104978","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.trd.2025.104978","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>To tackle high energy consumption and carbon emissions during vessel berthing, this study proposes a digital twin (DT)-driven intelligent energy assessment system for ports. The framework integrates physical-layer sensor networks with virtual-layer high-fidelity models and machine learning to dynamically optimize energy efficiency against historical benchmarks. It introduces a Value-added Energy Efficiency Index (VAEEI) and a dual-dimensional evaluation model that links port operations with energy consumption. Unlike static methods, the system enables real-time lifecycle energy management by resolving multi-source dynamic factor interactions, including vessel characteristics and terminal coordination. Validated at a Yangtze River automated container terminal, the solution reduces technical bottlenecks in energy-activity correlation modeling and supports low-carbon decision-making. This research extends DT applications in maritime energy governance, establishes a methodological framework for smart ports, and advances green shipping transformation through data-driven operational optimization.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23277,"journal":{"name":"Transportation Research Part D-transport and Environment","volume":"148 ","pages":"Article 104978"},"PeriodicalIF":7.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145096693","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Beyond downtown: How restricted access policies shift pollution rather than eliminate it","authors":"Zhenhan (Xander) Peng, Johan W. Joubert","doi":"10.1016/j.trd.2025.104980","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.trd.2025.104980","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Urban traffic restriction policies aim to reduce congestion and emissions, yet their unintended effects on freight transport are often overlooked. This study employs activity-based travel demand modelling, embedded in an agent-based simulation, to evaluate the impact of a restricted access policy on freight operations, on-road emissions, and life-cycle carbon emissions. Findings reveal that delivery vans faced increased detours and inefficiencies, resulting in higher local and global emissions. While cargo bikes reduce local air pollutants, their limited efficiency and notable particulate and carbon emissions offset some of their benefits. Crucially, the policy shifted pollution from city centres to peripheral zones, highlighting spatial inequities in air quality. These results underscore a critical trade-off: improvements in local air quality may be achieved at the expense of increased <span><math><msub><mtext>CO</mtext><mn>2</mn></msub></math></span> emissions, contributing to the more widespread environmental harm of global warming. The study advocates for more holistic, equity-aware policy design.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23277,"journal":{"name":"Transportation Research Part D-transport and Environment","volume":"148 ","pages":"Article 104980"},"PeriodicalIF":7.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145046947","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Consumer preferences for battery electric vehicles: Comparing Norwegian consumer groups","authors":"Live Bøyum","doi":"10.1016/j.trd.2025.104982","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.trd.2025.104982","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Existing research on battery electric vehicle (BEV) adoption has primarily focused on early adopters. This study examines factors influencing BEV uptake in a mature market using a representative survey from Norway. Multinomial logistic regression and open-ended responses are used to explore how attitudes influence the likelihood of being a BEV user, having adoption intentions, or having no adoption intentions.<!--> <!-->The results indicate that economic incentives are important for BEV users, while environmental performance drives adoption intentions. Environmental concerns are a significant barrier for consumers with no adoption intentions. All groups express dissatisfaction with BEV range and charging infrastructure, but consumers with no adoption intentions are the most critical. BEV users and consumers with adoption intentions value BEVs as convenient, while consumers with no adoption intentions do not. These findings suggest that targeted policies addressing the distinct needs and attitudes of different market segments are essential to further accelerate BEV uptake.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23277,"journal":{"name":"Transportation Research Part D-transport and Environment","volume":"148 ","pages":"Article 104982"},"PeriodicalIF":7.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145046948","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Carbon emission reduction potential of on-demand transit replacing fixed-route transit","authors":"Xiao-Fan Wei , Zhe Zhang , Zhong-Ren Peng , Mei-Gen Xue , Hong-Di He","doi":"10.1016/j.trd.2025.104976","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.trd.2025.104976","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study examines the potential of on-demand transit to reduce carbon emissions compared to fixed-route transit in Shanghai, China, with both services using electric vehicles. We first analyze how carbon emission reductions vary across different time periods. The results show that on-demand transit is more effective in replacing fixed-route transit during evening and night periods to achieve carbon emission reduction. Next, we use CatBoost models to explore how route characteristics influence carbon emission reduction. For per capita carbon emission reductions, demand, route length, and route curvature are important factors. On the other hand, when considering the maximum demand for achieving carbon emission reductions (critical demand threshold), the distribution of passengers across the route (sectional load factor) plays more important roles than the physical characteristic of the route. Additionally, increasing the number of vehicles while reducing their capacity can accommodate more passengers and improve the potential for emission reduction.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23277,"journal":{"name":"Transportation Research Part D-transport and Environment","volume":"148 ","pages":"Article 104976"},"PeriodicalIF":7.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145027294","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mauricio Orozco-Fontalvo , André Soares Lopes , David Vale , Filipe Moura
{"title":"MaaS: Which resources are enablers, and who is being excluded?","authors":"Mauricio Orozco-Fontalvo , André Soares Lopes , David Vale , Filipe Moura","doi":"10.1016/j.trd.2025.104990","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.trd.2025.104990","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Access to MaaS services is restricted for some population segments due to the spatial availability and to resources like mobile data, digital literacy, or vehicle-riding skills. Moreover, these services are frequently more expensive than traditional modes of transportation, which may contribute to social exclusion. This study aims to identify the resources that enable or hinder access to MaaS. These resources were identified from the literature and then included in a survey (n = 2000) conducted in Lisbon. Our results indicate that 20 to 30 % of respondents lack the necessary resources to use MaaS. However, the extent of access to MaaS is contingent upon the service or services within a MaaS bundle that a particular user is enabled to use, which is significantly influenced by their profile. We identified the main resources that provide access to MaaS and addressed the importance of providing flexibility for different enablers to increase accessibility. We conclude that public authorities should play a role in deciding where and how to provide new mobility services and that operators should consider the range of resources identified in this study to ensure broader access to the various modes of transport for a wider population segment and avoid exclusion.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23277,"journal":{"name":"Transportation Research Part D-transport and Environment","volume":"148 ","pages":"Article 104990"},"PeriodicalIF":7.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145046942","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jiaqi Guo , Wenyuan Wang , Philip Kwong , Yun Peng , Zhongyi Jin , Zihan Pei , Zhenbo Chen , Yufan Yang
{"title":"Data-driven prediction of recoverable ballast water: implications for port and maritime sustainability","authors":"Jiaqi Guo , Wenyuan Wang , Philip Kwong , Yun Peng , Zhongyi Jin , Zihan Pei , Zhenbo Chen , Yufan Yang","doi":"10.1016/j.trd.2025.104970","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.trd.2025.104970","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>To mitigate the potential environmental risks of ballast water discharge and promote water reuse, ports have begun deploying ballast water recovery systems. However, inaccurate forecasting of recoverable ballast water often leads to unnecessary discharge. This study proposes a two-stage classification-regression framework for predicting recoverable ballast water volumes based on ship operation and recovery data. The classification stage effectively addresses data zero-inflation, while the regression stage integrates ridge regression, random forest, and XGBoost through a stacking ensemble strategy to enhance prediction accuracy. Applied to a major dry bulk port in northern China, the proposed method achieves an R<sup>2</sup> of 0.93. It enables an annual reduction of 300,000 m<sup>3</sup> of ballast water discharge, along with decreases of 250 kg of total nitrogen and 190 kg of sulfides. These results demonstrate the effectiveness in reducing environmental risks and enhancing water resource utilization, contributing to sustainable development in maritime transport.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23277,"journal":{"name":"Transportation Research Part D-transport and Environment","volume":"148 ","pages":"Article 104970"},"PeriodicalIF":7.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145010953","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Toward resilient logistics electrification: Assessing diesel-to-electric fleet transition under variable temperatures","authors":"Hanieh Rastegar Moghaddam, Amir Shafiee, Jane Lin","doi":"10.1016/j.trd.2025.104971","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.trd.2025.104971","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Electric trucks (ETs) face operational challenges due to limited range, sparse charging infrastructure, and temperature-sensitive energy consumption. To assess these vulnerabilities, we formulate a Pickup and Delivery Mixed-Fleet Vehicle Routing Problem (PDMFVRP) that incorporates constraints for both ETs and diesel trucks (DTs), including partial charging and temperature-dependent energy use. An Adaptive Large Neighborhood Search (ALNS) algorithm solves the model on Walmart’s Illinois store network. The electric-to-diesel truck (ET-to-DT) replacement ratio ranges between 1.1 to 1.7 under different temperature conditions, with up to 77% increase in vehicle miles traveled (VMT). Enhancing battery capacity, charging rate, and station density can reduce ET fleet size and VMT by up to 10%–30% and 9%–58%, respectively. This study contributes a mixed-fleet routing formulation, an efficient solution approach for large-scale applications, a metric to quantify electrification impacts, and a resilience-focused scenario analysis to inform infrastructure planning, fleet composition, and policy strategies for sustainable logistics.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23277,"journal":{"name":"Transportation Research Part D-transport and Environment","volume":"148 ","pages":"Article 104971"},"PeriodicalIF":7.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145010951","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Identifying communities that are a priority for electric vehicle related investments","authors":"Maha Shafaeen, Scott Hardman, Kelly Hoogland","doi":"10.1016/j.trd.2025.104979","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.trd.2025.104979","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We develop a spatial tool to identify communities that should be priorities for electric vehicle related investments. We do this by clustering census tracts in California based on metrics to estimate need for plug-electric vehicles (PEVs), readiness to adopt PEVs, and current PEV adoption rates. The clustering identifies tracts we define as a first, second, third, or low priority for PEV-related investments. Current tools used to direct PEV investments were not designed to identify tracts for PEV investments. The approach we develop in this paper, which we only designed to consider PEVs, could be a better method to direct PEV investments. Our classifications generally align with State identified priority tracts. However, many communities not considered priorities for the State may be priorities for investments, and among communities considered State priorities some are not high priority.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23277,"journal":{"name":"Transportation Research Part D-transport and Environment","volume":"148 ","pages":"Article 104979"},"PeriodicalIF":7.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145005011","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}