Transfer: European Review of Labour and Research最新文献

{"title":"Book Review: Organizing Matters – Two Logics of Trade Union Representation","authors":"Thomas Klikauer, Nadine Campbell","doi":"10.1177/10242589211061068a","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/10242589211061068a","url":null,"abstract":"floods or forest fires have shown the limits of small states. For example, the EU has long since set the course for mobile phone broadcast warning systems for direct notification of those affected, of the kind that have long existed in the USA, China and Japan, and are being introduced in France, Italy and Great Britain, while in Germany there is talk of reintroducing sirens. Streeck ignores the fact that some European course-setting can be helpful, whereas a traditional small state such as Belgium remained at the same level of unpreparedness as Germany in the face of the floods. No one seems properly prepared for regularly recurring fires. His alternative concept of a united but not unified Europe, however, suffers from a lack of institutional anchoring and thus follows a German tradition of building castles in the air. The small states would coexist peacefully and harmoniously, he postulates, so that the question seems justified whether there would be any international relations at all. In parallel, he pleads for a Europe of variable geometry or à la carte (p. 390). It can be assumed from this that the KeynesPolanyi state is incompatible with many building blocks of the EU, such as membership of the monetary union with fixed debt and budget deficit limits, and prohibition of capital controls, internal as well as external. In order to implement the desired changes in the EU, not only would considerably higher transfer sums be necessary, but nothing less than an abolition of the Fiscal Pact, the ‘debt brake’ and the ban on capital controls, together with a revival of industrial policy with the possibility of subsidies, the enforcement of the ‘polluter pays’ principle, an increase in the size of the public sector, and crisis resistance and resilience. In this context, why the editors left in footnotes on dumplings and pasta remains unfathomable. It is not least to Streeck’s credit that he has brought blasphemous questions about the EU back into the culture of rational discourse. In any case, pro-Europeans have to answer a few tricky questions that go to the heart of the matter, including many neoliberal ingredients. Why is it that in the USA a state like California can introduce stricter emissions standards, while in the EU it is impossible for a Member State to do the same? Is the EU therefore more neoliberal than the USA or at least the EU internal market more neoliberal than the US internal market? Why do minimum standards in the EU necessarily have to be maximum standards at the same time? In the USA, the car industry quickly adapted to the Californian standards instead of producing different types of cars in each case; in Europe, no one is allowed to lead the way: can Europe still afford this ideological narrow-mindedness in times of accelerated climate change?","PeriodicalId":23253,"journal":{"name":"Transfer: European Review of Labour and Research","volume":"71 1","pages":"547 - 551"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2021-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85810555","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Round Table. From Lisbon to Porto: taking stock of developments in EU social policy: Social Europe 2.0? New prospects after the Porto Social Summit","authors":"M. Ferrera","doi":"10.1177/10242589211061081","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/10242589211061081","url":null,"abstract":"The sequence of crises in the 2010s entirely changed the socio-economic context that had inspired the Lisbon strategy in the year 2000. EU policy veered towards austerity and social policy became an ‘adjustment variable’. Since the mid-2010s, however, a slow process of rebalancing has gained ground, culminating in the adoption of the European Pillar of Social Rights (EPSR) in 2017. The Porto Summit has confirmed the centrality of the Pillar for a new Social Europe. To appreciate fully the EPSR’s potential, it is necessary to focus not only on binding measures but also on EU incentives and actions aimed at promoting (and partially funding) concrete access to social rights. Especially through the ‘guarantee’ instrument, the EU can play a bigger and more effective role in the sphere of social citizenship, without stumbling into the political obstacles associated with hard law.","PeriodicalId":23253,"journal":{"name":"Transfer: European Review of Labour and Research","volume":"7 1","pages":"505 - 511"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2021-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82312788","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Round Table. From Lisbon to Porto: taking stock of developments in EU social policy: Why politics matter","authors":"P. Pochet","doi":"10.1177/10242589211061083","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/10242589211061083","url":null,"abstract":"This article argues that the political landscape at the national level is an important element in the development and failures of European social policy. Our understanding of the European social dimension cannot be limited to the various interests of groups of bureaucrats or the goodwill of the Commission (or some of its members). It must take into account the bigger picture of the evolution of national electorates and the place of social issues in national and European elections, which in turn impacts the political balance in the EU institutions. National politics resound at European and transnational level in different global projects (to name the major ones: neoliberal, neomercantilist, social democrat and now green) (Van Apeldoorn and Horn, 2019. Bulmer and Joseph, 2016). However, this article will not explore how these EU/global transnational hegemonic projects are developing and interacting. This article demonstrates the complex impact, shaped by many factors, of the political left/right balance on developments in EU social policy and integration over the past 20 years. Almost 25 years ago, the Treaty of Amsterdam (1997) unwittingly initiated a new stage in European social policy. At the time, attention was focused on the new (social) changes that were being made to the Treaty of Maastricht, which had launched the risky and unstable venture of the single currency without prior political union. This was also the year of political victory for two, albeit very different, parties of the European Left: the French Socialist Party of Lionel Jospin and Tony Blair’s New Labour in the United Kingdom. It marked the beginning of a brief period of domination of centre-left governments in the European political landscape, between 1997 and 2004 (Manow et al., 2004; Pochet, 2019) but without a fully shared vision on how to develop a Social Europe project.","PeriodicalId":23253,"journal":{"name":"Transfer: European Review of Labour and Research","volume":"45 1","pages":"521 - 526"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2021-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76232785","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"‘Dual’ labour market? Patterns of segmentation in European labour markets and the varieties of precariousness","authors":"Hyojin Seo","doi":"10.1177/10242589211061070","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/10242589211061070","url":null,"abstract":"This article aims to empirically explore how European labour markets are segmented and who the outsiders are. The article moves beyond the dichotomous approach to understanding labour market division, often based solely on examining employment relationships. Taking a multi-dimensional approach to defining labour market precariousness, this study incorporates aspects such as income, job prospects and subjective insecurity. Latent Class Analysis is used on data taken from the 2015 European Working Conditions Survey to extend the traditional definition of outsider-ness. Four labour market segments are found: insiders and three different types of outsiders: typical outsiders, dead-end insiders and subjective outsiders. Looking at the cross-national aspect, variations are found in the segmentation patterns, especially in terms of who the outsiders are. The findings show the need to examine various aspects of labour precariousness in order to capture the complexity of post-industrialised labour markets and identify different types of outsiders across Europe that need to be protected for building a more cohesive society.","PeriodicalId":23253,"journal":{"name":"Transfer: European Review of Labour and Research","volume":"12 1","pages":"485 - 503"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2021-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72722316","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Round Table. From Lisbon to Porto: taking stock of developments in EU social policy: Opening up the Pandora’s Box of EU Social Rights","authors":"Caroline de la Porte","doi":"10.1177/10242589211061082","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/10242589211061082","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":23253,"journal":{"name":"Transfer: European Review of Labour and Research","volume":"16 1","pages":"513 - 519"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2021-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83133931","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Book Review: Zwischen Globalismus und Demokratie: Politische Ökonomie im ausgehenden Neoliberalismus","authors":"W. Kowalsky","doi":"10.1177/10242589211061068","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/10242589211061068","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":23253,"journal":{"name":"Transfer: European Review of Labour and Research","volume":"1 1","pages":"541 - 547"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2021-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72670512","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Trade union community membership: exploring what people who are not in paid employment could contribute to union activism","authors":"J. Holgate, G. Alberti, I. Byford, I. Greenwood","doi":"10.1177/10242589211043342","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/10242589211043342","url":null,"abstract":"The industrial relations literature tends to argue that workers join trade unions primarily for instrumental reasons, for example, to obtain assistance if there is a problem at work. But this clearly does not apply to people who are not in work. It is in many ways counterintuitive to join a trade union when one is not an employee or in paid employment, looking for a job, or retired. Generally, there is little material benefit in doing so. Others have noted, however, that personal values, particularly associated with the ideological left, can cultivate a predisposition toward joining a union that is not based on a purely material calculus. Nevertheless, this analysis is usually applied to workers. The research reflected in this article aims to understand the motivation of people who are not in paid employment, such as jobseekers/unemployed, students and retirees, to join labour unions and become active within them. It does so through a case study of the United Kingdom’s largest private sector union, Unite, and considers the contribution to, or rationale for, union activism within community membership and the possibilities for rethinking trade unionism beyond its traditional workplace base.","PeriodicalId":23253,"journal":{"name":"Transfer: European Review of Labour and Research","volume":"70 1","pages":"469 - 483"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2021-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90778210","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The divergent narratives and strategies of unions in times of social-ecological crises: fracking and the UK energy sector","authors":"Halliki Kreinin","doi":"10.1177/10242589211041216","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/10242589211041216","url":null,"abstract":"The issue of fracking highlights the variability of trade union approaches to the environment in the UK energy sector, as reflected in their narratives and strategic organising orientations. Stories alone cannot change the material interests underlying complex societal conflicts, yet transformative policies on the climate crisis cannot emerge without a coherent story about the environmental crises and possible solutions. This article uses unions’ positions on fracking as a proxy for opposing/supporting/hedging against climate action to see how divergent positions amongst the UK’s three biggest unions in the energy sector (UNISON, Unite and GMB) and the TUC are reinforced or challenged by internal union narratives and strategic foci. Drawing on four in-depth expert interviews and 148 union documents, the main union narratives and strategies are analysed and clustered. The article’s key insight is that unions’ specific narratives differ depending on a union’s orientation. Pro-fracking unions address the short-term immediate financial and material concerns of members and hence promote business partnerships, while anti-fracking unions develop broad-based grass-roots alliances to address the climate crisis. The key entry point for transformative coalitions lies in promoting a coherent and positive narrative about transformative change, in line with scientific evidence.","PeriodicalId":23253,"journal":{"name":"Transfer: European Review of Labour and Research","volume":"69 1","pages":"453 - 468"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2021-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86686548","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Making algorithms safe for workers: occupational risks associated with work managed by artificial intelligence","authors":"Adrián Todolí-Signes","doi":"10.1177/10242589211035040","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/10242589211035040","url":null,"abstract":"It is increasingly common for companies to use artificial intelligence mechanisms to manage work. This study examines the health hazards caused by these new forms of technological management. Occupational risks can be reduced if they are taken into account when programming an algorithm. This study confirms the need for algorithms to be correctly programmed, taking account of these occupational risks. In the same way as supervisors have to be trained in risk prevention to be able to perform their work, the algorithm must be programmed to weigh up the occupational risks – and when such features do not exist, steps must be taken to prevent the algorithm being used to direct workers. The algorithm must assess all (known) factors posing a risk to workers’ health and safety. It therefore seems necessary to incorporate a mandatory risk assessment performed by specialists in the programming of algorithms so that all ascertained risks can be taken into account.","PeriodicalId":23253,"journal":{"name":"Transfer: European Review of Labour and Research","volume":"54 1","pages":"433 - 452"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2021-08-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75954360","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Raising the bar? The impact of the UNISON ethical care campaign in UK domiciliary care","authors":"Mathew Johnson, J. Rubery, M. Egan","doi":"10.1177/10242589211028460","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/10242589211028460","url":null,"abstract":"This article critically analyses a major trade union initiative in the United Kingdom to raise standards in public contracts for domiciliary care, and in turn to improve wages and working conditions for outsourced care workers. The campaign successfully built alliances with national employer representatives, and around 25 per cent of commissioning bodies in England, Scotland and Wales have signed a voluntary charter that guarantees workers an hourly living wage, payment for travel time and regular working hours. The campaign overall, however, has had only limited effects on standards across the sector, in which low wages, zero-hours contracts and weak career paths predominate. Furthermore, the campaign has not yet yielded significant gains in terms of union recruitment, although there are signs of sporadic mobilisations of care workers in response to localised disputes.","PeriodicalId":23253,"journal":{"name":"Transfer: European Review of Labour and Research","volume":"51 1","pages":"367 - 382"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2021-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80101490","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}