Reviews and Research in Medical Microbiology最新文献_第7页

Phenotypic and molecular characterization of antimicrobial resistance in Staphylococcus epidermidis strains isolated from urinary tract infections and bovine mastitis 从尿路感染和牛乳腺炎分离的表皮葡萄球菌耐药表型和分子特征

Reviews and Research in Medical Microbiology Pub Date : 2021-01-19 DOI: 10.1097/MRM.0000000000000268

F. Talebi, H. Momtaz, Z. Bamzadeh

{"title":"Phenotypic and molecular characterization of antimicrobial resistance in Staphylococcus epidermidis strains isolated from urinary tract infections and bovine mastitis","authors":"F. Talebi, H. Momtaz, Z. Bamzadeh","doi":"10.1097/MRM.0000000000000268","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/MRM.0000000000000268","url":null,"abstract":"Coagulase Negative Staphylococci (CoNS), especially Staphylococcus epidermidis, are skin commensal bacteria. The aim of this study was to compare cultivation, PCR, and LAMP-PCR methods in identifying the positive strains of S. epidermidis and to investigate the prevalence rate, distribution of virulence factors, and antimicrobial resistance properties of S. epidermidis strains isolated from different UTI and mastitis cow milk samples. 229 samples including 126 urine and 103 cow's milk were collected and S. epidermidis strains were identified using culture, biochemical tests and molecular methods. Out of 126 urine samples and 103 milk samples, 39(30.95%) and 26(25.24%) samples were positive for S. epidermidis, respectively. In the LAMP method, after extracting the genome, 44(34.92%) and 29(28.15%) samples, and without the extraction, 41(32.54) and 28(27.18) samples, were identified as S. epidermidis, respectively. S. epidermidis strains harbored the highest prevalence of resistance against penicillin (89.23%), tetracycline (64.61%), erythromycin (63.08%) and, cefazolin (50.77%). aacA-D (69.23%), tetK (67.69%), tetM (55.38%), ermA (55.38%), ermC (46.15%) and, msrA (43.08%) were most commonly detected antibiotic resistance genes. The prevalence of vatC (13.85%), vatA (15.38%), vatB (16.92%), msrB (27.69%) were lower than other detected antibiotic resistance genes. agrI (32.31%), ClfA (29.23%) and agrIII (27.69%) were the most commonly detected virulence factors. In this study, the prevalence of resistance to a wide range of antibiotic agents and the presence of virulence factors amongst S. epidermidis strains were observed. Failure to pay attention to the antibiotic-resistant strains of S. epidermidis can be a serious warning to the health of the community.","PeriodicalId":231643,"journal":{"name":"Reviews and Research in Medical Microbiology","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125210030","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Determination of virulence and quinolone resistance genes and biofilm production among uropathogenic Escherichia coli strains isolated from clinical specimens in Iran 伊朗尿路致病性大肠杆菌临床分离株毒力、喹诺酮类药物耐药基因及生物膜生产测定

Reviews and Research in Medical Microbiology Pub Date : 2021-01-19 DOI: 10.1097/MRM.0000000000000252

Azardokht Tabatabaie, Ali Badamchi, Elnaz Ohadi, Atieh Darbandi, Shima Javadinia, S. Minaeian, Mehri Naghdalipour, B. Sobouti

{"title":"Determination of virulence and quinolone resistance genes and biofilm production among uropathogenic Escherichia coli strains isolated from clinical specimens in Iran","authors":"Azardokht Tabatabaie, Ali Badamchi, Elnaz Ohadi, Atieh Darbandi, Shima Javadinia, S. Minaeian, Mehri Naghdalipour, B. Sobouti","doi":"10.1097/MRM.0000000000000252","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/MRM.0000000000000252","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC) is the main cause of nosocomial urinary tract infections. The high rates of antimicrobial resistance among UPEC have markedly reduced the remedial options and raised the therapeutic costs and fatality rates. This study analyzed the ability of extended spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) production and the presence of plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance genes among UPEC isolates. It also assessed the correlation between plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance genes, biofilm production, and virulence factors among these isolates. Materials and methods: A number of 300 UPEC isolates were recovered from patients with typical clinical signs and symptoms of cystitis, and pyelonephritis, as well as those with asymptomatic bacteriuria. Hemolysis assay, antimicrobial susceptibility testing, and biofilm production were investigated among these isolates. These samples were analyzed by multiplex PCR on genes encoding the pursuits among the virulence factors: type 1 fimbrial adhesin (FimH), pyelonephritis-associated pili (PaP), S fimbriae (Sfa), afimbrial adhesin I (AfaI), hemolysin (hly), aerobactin (Aer), flagelares de la fase 1 (FliC), cytotoxic necrotizing factor 1 (Cnf1), IroN-uptake systems of E. coli D (IucD), cytolethal distending toxin (CDT), and uropathogenic-specific protein (Usp) operon. Results: The current study showed that the presence of virulence genes render the UPEC isolates higher resistance to antibiotics and a higher ability of biofilm production. Conclusion: The fact that the infection can be highly affected by virulence factors of E. coli, let us to conclude that in the case of signs and symptoms of urinary tract infection, it is better to avoid wide use of antibiotics.","PeriodicalId":231643,"journal":{"name":"Reviews and Research in Medical Microbiology","volume":"3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115437065","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

The coronavirus disease 2019 and effect on liver function: a hidden and vital interaction beyond the respiratory system 2019冠状病毒病及其对肝功能的影响:呼吸系统之外隐藏的重要相互作用

Reviews and Research in Medical Microbiology Pub Date : 2021-01-18 DOI: 10.1097/MRM.0000000000000267

Parastoo Hosseini, Shervin Afzali, M. Karimi, Milad Zandi, Arghavan Zebardast, Tayebeh Latifi, A. Tabibzadeh, Akam Ramezani, Armin Zakeri, A. Zakeri, B. Abedi, S. Soltani, A. Farahani

{"title":"The coronavirus disease 2019 and effect on liver function: a hidden and vital interaction beyond the respiratory system","authors":"Parastoo Hosseini, Shervin Afzali, M. Karimi, Milad Zandi, Arghavan Zebardast, Tayebeh Latifi, A. Tabibzadeh, Akam Ramezani, Armin Zakeri, A. Zakeri, B. Abedi, S. Soltani, A. Farahani","doi":"10.1097/MRM.0000000000000267","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/MRM.0000000000000267","url":null,"abstract":"Severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) emerged in December 2019 in Wuhan province, China. SARS-CoV-2 causes coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) has an essential role as a receptor in the entry of the SARS-CoV-2 into the host cells. It has been declared, ACE2 expresses in the lungs, heart, kidneys, placenta, and liver. This study reviews the liver's markers’ characteristics in patients with COVID-19 to achieve novel insights in improving clinical treatment. Liver disease and chronic kidney disease patients are susceptible to COVID-19. There is limited information about the effects of SARS-COV-2 on patients with preexisting liver associated disorders, including chronic hepatitis B virus or hepatitis C virus, primary biliary cirrhosis, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, and more are yet to be understood. By considering conducted studies in this manner since ACE2 receptors, which are the primary receptors for SRAS-CoV-2, exist on the liver and lungs, heart, kidneys, and placenta, SRAS-CoV-2 can infect liver cells too. Consequently, this infection will have resulted in liver function tests’ escalated levels and total bilirubin as biochemical biomarkers. Further investigations need to be done to point out the hepatic manifestations of COVID-19's infected patients with chronic liver disease and improve clinical management and more stringent preventive measures for this type of infected patients.","PeriodicalId":231643,"journal":{"name":"Reviews and Research in Medical Microbiology","volume":"33 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129575391","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 14

Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus vaccine: past, present, and future 克里米亚-刚果出血热病毒疫苗:过去、现在和未来

Reviews and Research in Medical Microbiology Pub Date : 2021-01-13 DOI: 10.1097/MRM.0000000000000260

Emad Behboudi, Ehsan Kakavandi, Vahideh Hamidi-Sofiani, A. Ebrahimian, M. Shayestehpour

引用次数: 1

Genetic and structure of novel coronavirus COVID-19 and molecular mechanisms in the pathogenicity of coronaviruses 新型冠状病毒COVID-19的遗传结构及致病性的分子机制

Reviews and Research in Medical Microbiology Pub Date : 2021-01-13 DOI: 10.1097/MRM.0000000000000265

B. Yousefi, M. Eslami

{"title":"Genetic and structure of novel coronavirus COVID-19 and molecular mechanisms in the pathogenicity of coronaviruses","authors":"B. Yousefi, M. Eslami","doi":"10.1097/MRM.0000000000000265","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/MRM.0000000000000265","url":null,"abstract":"The recently identified 2019 novel coronaviruses (2019-nCoV) has caused extra-human infections. 2019-nCoV identified a global threat that is causing an outbreak of unusual viral pneumonia in patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS)-coronaviruses 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Considering the relatively high identity of the receptor-binding domain (RBD) in 2019-nCoV and SARS-CoV, it is urgent to assess the cross-reactivity of anti-SARS-CoV antibodies with 2019-nCoV spike protein, which could have important implications for rapid development of vaccines and therapeutic antibodies against 2019-nCoV. The zinc metallopeptidase angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) is the only known human homolog of the key regulator of blood pressure ACE. ACE2 also serves as the cellular entry point for the SARS virus, therefore, a prime target for pharmacological intervention. SARS-CoV-2 uses the SARS-CoV receptor for entry and the serine protease transmembrane protease serine 2 for spike (S) protein priming. That it is still necessary to develop novel mAbs that could bind specifically to 2019-nCoV RBD. Cell entry of coronaviruses depends on the binding of the viral S proteins to cellular receptors and S protein priming by host cell proteases. A transmembrane protease serine 2 inhibitor approved for clinical use blocked entry and might constitute a treatment option. Our results reveal important commonalities between SARS-CoV-2 and SARS-CoV infection and identify a potential target for antiviral intervention. This review will help understand the biology and potential risk of CoVs that exist in richness in wildlife such as bats. We provide a brief introduction to the pathogenesis of SARS-CoV and Middle East respiratory syndrome-CoV and interaction between the RBD of coronavirus spike protein and ACE2.","PeriodicalId":231643,"journal":{"name":"Reviews and Research in Medical Microbiology","volume":"77 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134608683","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 5

Current drugs with potential for coronavirus disease 2019 therapy: a literature review 目前可能治疗2019冠状病毒病的药物:文献综述

Reviews and Research in Medical Microbiology Pub Date : 2020-12-04 DOI: 10.1097/MRM.0000000000000258

Samin Alihosseini, H. Leylabadlo, M. Parsaei, N. Sarafraz, Khudaverdi Ghanbarov, S. Esposito, H. Kafil

{"title":"Current drugs with potential for coronavirus disease 2019 therapy: a literature review","authors":"Samin Alihosseini, H. Leylabadlo, M. Parsaei, N. Sarafraz, Khudaverdi Ghanbarov, S. Esposito, H. Kafil","doi":"10.1097/MRM.0000000000000258","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/MRM.0000000000000258","url":null,"abstract":"Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) was declared as a pandemic by the WHO on 2020 a novel disease with no confirmed and precise therapeutic agent. Lopinavir/ ritonavir has shown no benefit in 199 COVID-19 hospitalized adult patients compared with standard care alone. Remdesivir has shown promising results in the first case of COVID-19 in the USA, but recent reports were disappointing and still are under more investigation in clinical trials. The arbidol (Umifenovir) and Favipiravir act well in postexposure prophylaxis and viral clearance. Interferons in combination with other antiviral agents, if administered in the early stages of the disease, can cause advantageous effects. Ribavirin is no more recommended in new guidelines. Tocilizumab (Actemra) is an effective treatment in severe patients of COVID-19 and a new therapeutic strategy. Systemic corticosteroids seem to have a great impact in reducing mortality rate in mechanically ventilated patients. There are also some supplementary agents such as vitamin C, A, D, selenium, and zinc that have been reported to be effective in the prevention and treatment of viral infections. Recent findings indicate human recombinant soluble angiotensin-converting enzyme 2, niclosamide, and ivermectin had strong in-vitro results which can lead to fast in-vivo trials and help us to control infection.","PeriodicalId":231643,"journal":{"name":"Reviews and Research in Medical Microbiology","volume":"209 ","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"113987247","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Detection of efflux pump genes conferring multidrug resistance in clinical isolates of Acinetobacter Baumannii in Tehran province 德黑兰地区鲍曼不动杆菌临床分离株多药耐药外排泵基因检测

Reviews and Research in Medical Microbiology Pub Date : 2020-12-04 DOI: 10.1097/MRM.0000000000000255

H. Beikmohammadi, S. Viesy, R. Kaviani, Iman Pouladi

{"title":"Detection of efflux pump genes conferring multidrug resistance in clinical isolates of Acinetobacter Baumannii in Tehran province","authors":"H. Beikmohammadi, S. Viesy, R. Kaviani, Iman Pouladi","doi":"10.1097/MRM.0000000000000255","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/MRM.0000000000000255","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: Acinetobacter baumannii is among the most common bacterial agents causing nosocomial infections in the world. In recent years, the antibiotic resistance of A. baumannii strains has shown an increasing trend, which may be resulted from the activity of efflux pumps. This study was carried out to determine the efflux pump genes associated with MDR in clinical isolates of A. baumannii in Tehran province. Methods: In this study, 200 clinical samples were collected, and were identified through standard biochemical tests. Then, for the selected antibiotics, the antibacterial susceptibility patterns were determined using disk diffusion method with and without inhibitors of efflux pumps of adeJ, adeH, adeB, adeG, adeF, and adeS that were determined by employing PCR according to the Clinical & Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI 2020) guideline. Results: A total of 60 clinical isolates of A. baumannii were identified and later confirmed by the detection of blaOXA-51-like and 16S rRNA genes. The findings of this study show that 98.37% of A. baumannii isolates were 100% resistant against piperacillin, meropenem, cefotaxime, ceftriaxone, ceftazidime, ceftazidime, and ciprofloxacin. In addition, 100% of all A. baumannii isolates possessed AdeFBJ, 95% adeH, 80% adeS, and 76.7% adeG efflux pumps. Conclusion: The majority of A. baumannii isolates had antibiotic efflux pumps, and more than 73% of A. baumannii isolates were indicated to be resistant to the target antibiotics, indicating the significant role of efflux pumps in the development of resistance against these antibiotics.","PeriodicalId":231643,"journal":{"name":"Reviews and Research in Medical Microbiology","volume":"92 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123617205","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Prostate cancer and human papillomavirus infection: a recent literature review 前列腺癌和人乳头瘤病毒感染:最近的文献综述

Reviews and Research in Medical Microbiology Pub Date : 2020-12-04 DOI: 10.1097/MRM.0000000000000261

S. Mahmoudi, Abolfazl Jafari-Sales, Rozita Nasiri, H. B. Baghi

{"title":"Prostate cancer and human papillomavirus infection: a recent literature review","authors":"S. Mahmoudi, Abolfazl Jafari-Sales, Rozita Nasiri, H. B. Baghi","doi":"10.1097/MRM.0000000000000261","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/MRM.0000000000000261","url":null,"abstract":"Aim: Prostate cancer is one of the most frequent cancers in men and it is reported that about one in nine men experience the disease in their lifetime. It has been found that in some cases, HPV can be a culprit for prostate cancer. The present meta-analysis study aims to examine whether human papillomavirus (HPV) serves as a foundation of human prostate cancer. Methods: Related studies to HPV and prostate cancer from 1990 to 2020 were sought in PubMed and Google Scholar. Earlier published expert reviews and systematic meta-analysis were utilized as a supplementary source to recognize appropriate articles. Finally, data from 54 articles, with 7072 prostate cancer cases, were pooled and analyzed. Results: The pooled rating for the odds ratio was 17.42%. Stratified pooled analyses were subsequently performed according to the HPV detection of geographical regions, publication years, the number of prostate cases, and HPV-positive cases. Conclusion: The meta-analysis confirmed the variant frequencies of HPV positivity in prostate cancer of different geographic zones. It has been found that there can be a potential link between HPV and prostate cancer. Yet, further investigations of this cancer relating to HPV may be necessary.","PeriodicalId":231643,"journal":{"name":"Reviews and Research in Medical Microbiology","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128722351","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Role of dietary supplement in viral infection with an outlook on corona virus disease-2019 膳食补充剂在病毒感染中的作用与2019冠状病毒病的展望

Reviews and Research in Medical Microbiology Pub Date : 2020-12-04 DOI: 10.1097/MRM.0000000000000251

Fatemeh Valiei, H. Leylabadlo, Anahita Ghotaslou, Leila Fallahi, Zainab Ahmadian, R. Ghotaslou

引用次数: 2

Metallo-β-lactamase, extended spectrum β-lactamase and mcr-1 gene as major therapeutic challenges 金属β-内酰胺酶，扩展谱β-内酰胺酶和mcr-1基因是主要的治疗挑战

Reviews and Research in Medical Microbiology Pub Date : 2020-12-02 DOI: 10.1097/MRM.0000000000000249

Ghazaleh Talebi, A. Hashemi

引用次数: 2