Theriogenology最新文献

{"title":"Oleic acid supplementation increases the PGE2:PGF2α ratio and alters expression of prostaglandin biosynthesis and maternal pregnancy recognition genes in bovine trophoblast cells in vitro","authors":"Valeska de Castro Lourenço ,&nbsp;Letícia de Oliveira ,&nbsp;Mariângela Bueno Cordeiro Maldonado ,&nbsp;Laura Chuba Machado Rolniche ,&nbsp;Lucas de Oliveira Bezerra ,&nbsp;Isabella Rio Feltrin ,&nbsp;Karine Galhego Morelli ,&nbsp;Adriano Felipe Mendes ,&nbsp;Cecilia Constantino Rocha ,&nbsp;Caliê Castilho ,&nbsp;Alessandra Bridi ,&nbsp;Guilherme Pugliesi ,&nbsp;Alan D. Ealy ,&nbsp;Marcelo Fábio Gouveia Nogueira ,&nbsp;Claudia Maria Bertan Membrive","doi":"10.1016/j.theriogenology.2025.117503","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.theriogenology.2025.117503","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Prostaglandin E₂ (PGE₂) and F_2α (PGF_2α) are synthesized by the maternal endometrium and embryo trophoblastic cells. PGE₂ supports maternal pregnancy recognition (MPR), and PGF_2α promotes luteolysis. Decreasing PGF_2α and increasing PGE₂synthesis can enhance MPR. Specific fatty acids (FA) influence prostaglandins (PG) biosynthesis. Oleic acid (OA) affects PG synthesis in cell cultures; however, its effect on cultured bovine trophoblast cells (CT-1) is unknown. The hypothesis proposed is that OA reduces PGF_2α synthesis and increases PGE₂ synthesis, altering the PGE₂:PGF_2α ratio and expression of PG synthesis and MPR-related genes in CT-1 cells.</div><div>The study aimed to determine the effects of varying OA concentrations (50–1000 μM) for 48 and 72 h on PGE₂ and PGF_2α synthesis, transcript expression involved in PG synthesis (<em>PTGS2</em>, <em>PTGES1</em>, <em>PTGES2</em> and <em>AKR1B1</em>), and MPR-related genes (<em>PTGER4</em>, <em>IFNT</em>, <em>MMP2</em>, and <em>MMP9)</em> in CT-1 cells. CT-1 cultures were treated with OA for 48 and 72 h, and PGE₂ and PGF_2α concentrations were measured using ELISA. After 72 h of OA treatment, transcript expression in CT-1 cells via qPCR. OA caused a linear increase in PGE₂ concentrations at 48 h and in the PGE₂:PGF_2α ratio at 48 and 72 h. OA caused a linear decrease in PGF_2α concentrations 48 and 72 h. OA increased <em>PTGES1</em> transcript abundance and decreased <em>PTGES2</em>, <em>PTGER4</em>, <em>AKR1B1</em>. and <em>IFNT</em> transcript levels. In conclusion, OA reduces PGF_2α synthesis, increases the PGE₂:PGF_2α ratio, and alters expression of transcripts involved in PG synthesis and <em>IFNT</em>.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23131,"journal":{"name":"Theriogenology","volume":"245 ","pages":"Article 117503"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144139471","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Melatonin enhances the function of porcine immature Sertoli cells by inhibiting the HMGCS1-estradiol pathway","authors":"Zhi-Qiang Du ,&nbsp;Qiao Mou ,&nbsp;Yu-Wei Yang ,&nbsp;Xin-Xin Wang ,&nbsp;Lu Chen ,&nbsp;Zongjun Yin ,&nbsp;Cai-Xia Yang","doi":"10.1016/j.theriogenology.2025.117502","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.theriogenology.2025.117502","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Melatonin (MT), a neurohormone synthesized and secreted primarily by the pineal gland, is of vital function to animal reproduction. However, the effects of gene expression and metabolism exerted by MT on porcine immature Sertoli cells (iSCs) remain unclear. Here, MT treatment (10 nM, 36h) elevated mitochondrial function and reduced oxidative stress, to promote proliferation and inhibit apoptosis of porcine iSCs. Transcriptome profiling identified 39 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) (33 known and 6 novel) (MT vs. Control), mainly involved in the steroid and glutamine metabolic processes, oxidoreductase activity and G protein coupled receptor binding (GO terms), and steroid biogenesis, pyruvate metabolism and AMPK signal pathways, etc (KEGG pathways). RT-qPCR validated 6 DEGs (Phgdh, Scd, Hmgcs1, Cytb, Pck2 and Sqle), with similar expression pattern to RNA-seq. Metabolomics further showed that 14 metabolites were significantly altered. The HMGCS1 protein abundance and the estradiol level were confirmed to be significantly decreased by MT (10 nM, 36h) treatment, and direct inhibition of HMGCS1 could also significantly reduce the estradiol level. However, levels of cholesterol and lactate were unchanged. Collectively, through integrated transcriptomics and metabolomics analysis, MT is demonstrated to inhibit the HMGCS1-estradiol pathway, to enhance the function of porcine iSCs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23131,"journal":{"name":"Theriogenology","volume":"245 ","pages":"Article 117502"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144131231","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Blood total calcium concentrations in the fourth week postpartum of dairy cows continue to play a key role in uterine involution","authors":"Dawid Tobolski ,&nbsp;Osvaldo Bogado Pascottini ,&nbsp;Geert Opsomer ,&nbsp;Angelika Tobolska ,&nbsp;Wojciech Barański","doi":"10.1016/j.theriogenology.2025.117486","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.theriogenology.2025.117486","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In the present study, we examined the relationship between uterine involution, serum metabolites and calcium concentrations in clinically healthy postpartum dairy cows with or without subclinical endometritis (SCE). A cohort of 43 Holstein cows, sampled between 21 and 29 days postpartum, was selected based on the absence of clinical endometritis or other clinical postparturient diseases. Reproductive tract measurements included the diameters of the cervix and uterine horns, and blood sample analyses included serum total calcium, total cholesterol, triglycerides, non-esterified fatty acids, and β-hydroxybutyrate. Using the cytobrush, endometrial cytology samples were collected to assess the proportion of endometrial polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs) at 21–29 days postpartum. Results indicated no association between SCE, defined as &gt;5 % PMNs in endometrial smears, and either uterine dimensions or serum calcium levels. However, a general linear model, accounting for random effects of parity and days postpartum, demonstrated that lower serum calcium concentrations were associated with greater cervical and uterine horn diameters (P &lt; 0.001), suggesting a linear dependence of uterine structural dimensions on calcium concentration. For all the other metabolites, no associations were found with cervical nor uterine horns diameters. This indicates blood calcium's role in supporting uterine involution during the late postpartum period. Interestingly, the PMN% in endometrial samples (characteristic of SCE) did not correlate with changes in uterine size, suggesting that other factors related to the periparturient period rather than serum calcium levels influence the development of SCE in the fourth week postpartum.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23131,"journal":{"name":"Theriogenology","volume":"245 ","pages":"Article 117486"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144154580","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Isolation and characterization of extracellular vesicle subsets in donkey seminal plasma","authors":"Jaime Catalán ,&nbsp;Pablo Martínez-Díaz ,&nbsp;Ana Parra ,&nbsp;Sergi Bonet ,&nbsp;Marc Yeste ,&nbsp;Jordi Roca ,&nbsp;Isabel Barranco ,&nbsp;Jordi Miró","doi":"10.1016/j.theriogenology.2025.117501","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.theriogenology.2025.117501","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Seminal plasma (SP), a fluid composed of secretions from the male genital tract, is rich in seminal extracellular vesicles (sEVs), nano-sized particles surrounded by a lipid bilayer membrane and loaded with functionally active molecules. Seminal EVs are secreted by functional cells of the male genital tract and play a key role in modulating reproductive processes, including sperm function and immune response in the female genital tract. The aim of this study was to isolate and characterize sEVs from donkey SP for the first time. Nine SP samples were collected from nine healthy and reproductive active donkeys. The SP samples were randomly pooled to create three pools (three SP samples per pool). The SP pools were subjected to differential centrifugation and size-exclusion chromatography to separately isolate two subsets of sEVs: small (S-) and large (L-). Orthogonal characterization of sEV samples was performed according to MISEV 2023 guidelines, including morphology (by cryogenic electron microscopy), concentration (by total protein concentration and total and CFSE positive particles by flow cytometry [FC]), particle size distribution (by dynamic light scattering), purity (by albumin assessment by FC), and specific EV protein markers (tetraspanins CD9, CD63, and CD81, and HSP70 by FC). The results showed that donkey SP is highly enriched in sEVs. Size differences were found between both sEV subsets, with S-sEVs being smaller (∼160 nm) and L-sEVs larger (∼290 nm). Both sEV subsets were positive for the four EV protein markers. However, the percentage of CD81-positive events was higher in S-sEV samples than in L-sEV samples (P &lt; 0.05). This study is the first to isolate and characterize sEVs in donkey SP, demonstrating their heterogeneity and suggesting differences in biogenesis and function between S-sEVs and L-sEVs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23131,"journal":{"name":"Theriogenology","volume":"244 ","pages":"Article 117501"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144125327","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The relationship between post-thaw sperm quality parameters and blastocyst production following Intracytoplasmic Sperm Injection (ICSI) of in vitro-matured equine oocytes","authors":"Camilo Hernández-Avilés ,&nbsp;Luisa Ramírez-Agámez ,&nbsp;Charles C. Love","doi":"10.1016/j.theriogenology.2025.117500","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.theriogenology.2025.117500","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>In vitro</em> production of equine embryos by Intracytoplasmic Sperm Injection (ICSI) is commonly utilized to maximize the availability of stallion sperm, particularly from stallions with limited semen supply. The relationship between standard measures of sperm quality in frozen/thawed semen (i.e., sperm motility, normal morphology, DNA quality) and embryo production after ICSI of <em>in vitro</em>-matured equine oocytes has not been thoroughly studied. In this study, frozen/thawed semen from 47 stallions utilized in a commercial ICSI program was analyzed for post-thaw sperm total and progressive motility (determined both subjectively and by Computer-Assisted Sperm Analysis [CASA]), morphology features (Differential Interference Contrast [DIC] microscopy), and DNA damage (Sperm Chromatin Structure Assay – SCSA) <strong><em>before</em></strong> and <strong><em>after</em></strong> sperm selection by swim-up. Morphologically normal-motile sperm were selected following swim-up and injected by Piezo-driven ICSI into 485 <em>in vitro</em>-matured equine oocytes from 58 mares (85 cycles). The relationship between sperm quality characteristics (<strong><em>before</em></strong> and <strong><em>after</em></strong> swim-up) and cleavage (&gt;8 blastomeres at day 5 post-ICSI), or blastocyst development (from day 7–10 post-ICSI), was investigated using a backward stepwise logistic regression analysis. No sperm quality parameter was associated with cleavage (P &gt; 0.05). Post-thaw sperm quality parameters related to blastocyst production included mean (±SD) total motility (TMOT) <strong><em>before</em></strong> swim-up, determined subjectively (34 ± 13 %; odds ratio [OR]: 1.20, 95 % confidence interval [CI]: 1.02–1.42), or by CASA (29 ± 13 %; OR: 1.08, CI: 1.01–1.28); and morphologically normal (NORMAL) sperm <strong><em>before</em></strong> swim-up (57 ± 11 %; OR: 1.31, CI: 1.10–1.57). In contrast, <strong><em>before</em></strong> swim-up, mean (±SD) proximal droplets (5 ± 4 %; OR: 0.63, CI: 0.41–0.94), coiled tails (2 ± 1 %; OR: 0.25, CI: 0.08–0.63), and COMP_αt (16 ± 8 %; OR: 0.74, CI: 0.57–0.96) were negatively associated with blastocyst production (P &lt; 0.05). <em>Threshold values</em> for post-thaw TMOT (determined subjectively or by CASA) and NORMAL, <strong><em>before</em></strong> swim-up, that were associated with a higher likelihood of blastocyst production were 44 % and 56 %, respectively. In addition to these sperm quality parameters, the number of injected oocytes, but no mare age nor number of recovered <em>cumulus</em>-oocyte-complexes (COCs), was associated with blastocyst production (OR: 2.76, CI: 1.43–5.31), while none of these parameters were associated with cleavage (P &gt; 0.05). The current study provides clinically relevant data on post-thaw sperm quality measures that can be assessed to determine the fertility potential of frozen-thawed stallion sperm for ICSI.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23131,"journal":{"name":"Theriogenology","volume":"244 ","pages":"Article 117500"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144115674","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optimizing extended embryo culture and trophoblast derivation in sheep","authors":"Islam M. Saadeldin ,&nbsp;Budur Alshehri ,&nbsp;Maha AlThubyani ,&nbsp;Ayman A. Swelum ,&nbsp;Abdullah M. Assiri","doi":"10.1016/j.theriogenology.2025.117499","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.theriogenology.2025.117499","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study explores the optimization of extended embryo culture and trophoblast derivation in sheep to enhance our understanding of the early stages of embryonic development and implantation. Using a combination of feeder-free culture conditions and culture in endometrial organoids (EOs) conditioned medium, we successfully supported prolonged embryo development in vitro till day 20 post-fertilization. Morphological changes resembling early gastrulation-like events and cotyledon-like formation were observed by advanced development. Relative quantitative PCR analysis showed orchestrated fluctuations in gene expression related to pluripotency and early lineage specifications. Trophoblast cells were passaged three times using feeder-free culture conditions and immunofluorescence analysis confirmed the expression of key trophoblast markers including CDX2, GATA3, syncytin-1, β-catenin, SOX2, Fascin, SOX9, BMP4, MYC, KRT7, and KRT18. The results demonstrated that embryos cultured in EOs conditioned medium significantly improved attachment and differentiation, highlighting the critical role of maternal tissue interactions. These findings provide valuable insights into placental development and hold potential applications for assisted reproductive technologies and livestock breeding advancements.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23131,"journal":{"name":"Theriogenology","volume":"244 ","pages":"Article 117499"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144107603","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"How can blood calcium concentration and oral supplementation affect uterine health in dairy cows?","authors":"Jerbeson Hoffmann da Silva ,&nbsp;Clério Antônio Hoefle ,&nbsp;Camila Cupper Vieira ,&nbsp;Luiz Carlos Kreutz ,&nbsp;André Gustavo Cabrera Dalto ,&nbsp;Paulo Bayard Dias Gonçalves ,&nbsp;Monique Tomazele Rovani ,&nbsp;Rogério Ferreira","doi":"10.1016/j.theriogenology.2025.117496","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.theriogenology.2025.117496","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;&lt;div&gt;A series of experiments was carried out to study the effects of blood calcium (Ca) concentration on the occurrence of subclinical endometritis (SE) in dairy cattle. In Experiment 1, serum Ca level of 26 cows in the first 24 h after calving was evaluated and correlated with the incidence of SE between 34 and 40 days postpartum. The polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMN) count was affected by Ca blood concentration in the first 24 h postpartum (&lt;em&gt;P&lt;/em&gt; ≤ 0.01). In Experiment 2, a total of 47 cows retrospectively classified as normocalcemic (Ca ≥8.5 mg/dL) or hypocalcemic (Ca &lt;8.5 mg/dL) were randomly assigned to receive or not oral Ca formate at 6 and 30 h postpartum, and the effects of supplementation on SE incidence were evaluated. The treatment with Ca formate, regardless of Ca concentration, reduced PMN count and incidence of SE between 34 and 40 days postpartum (&lt;em&gt;P&lt;/em&gt; &lt; 0.05). For each increase of 1 mg/dL in blood Ca, SE incidence decreased by 22 %. In Experiment 3, five multiparous Holstein cows were enrolled in a 2x2 crossover model and assigned to 1 of 2 treatments: normocalcemic (Control) or induced subclinical hypocalcemia (iSCH) group. The sequence of treatments for a given cow was either Control-iSCH or iSCH-Control, followed by a 3-week washout period. The iSCH group received an intravenous infusion of 5 % disodium tetraacetic ethylenediamine Na2EDTA at 500 mL/h for 45 min, while the Control group received 0.9 % NaCl. Levels of ionized Ca (iCa), total Ca (tCa) and Mg were determined immediately before the treatments (M0), at 15 (M1), 45 min (M2, end of infusions) and 3 h after the end of treatments (M3). Furthermore, glucose, insulin, NEFA and BHB levels were determined at M3. Immediately after the end of the infusions (M2), all animals received an intrauterine challenge with 300 μg of LPS and, after 3 h (M3), an endometrial biopsy was performed to determine the expression of &lt;em&gt;IL-6&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;CXCL8&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;TNF&lt;/em&gt; and gene expression of glucose-insulin receptors and insulin-related genes. Subclinical hypocalcemia was effectively induced; however, the expression of &lt;em&gt;IL-6&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;CXCL8&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;TNF&lt;/em&gt; in the endometrium did not differ between groups within 3 h after intrauterine LPS challenge. The iSCH group presented a significant reduction in serum BHB levels compared to the Control group, but there were no differences in serum glucose, insulin, NEFA and in the endometrial expression of the &lt;em&gt;INSR, IRS1, IGF1, SLC2A1&lt;/em&gt;, and &lt;em&gt;SLC2A3&lt;/em&gt; genes. In conclusion, PMN infiltration and the incidence of SE from 34 to 40 days postpartum is related to blood Ca immediately after calving. Ca supplementation with Ca formate decreases the number of PMNs in the endometrium, reducing SE incidence. In addition, transient iSCH does not cause immediate significant changes in the endometrial expression of key inflammatory cytokines and does not adversely affect the insulin signaling pathway in the uterus with","PeriodicalId":23131,"journal":{"name":"Theriogenology","volume":"244 ","pages":"Article 117496"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144115673","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Single-dose recombinant FSH as a viable alternative to multi-dose porcine FSH in commercial superovulation protocols in cows","authors":"Monique Mazzarollo Frata ,&nbsp;Wagner Marques de Lima ,&nbsp;Monique Tomazele Rovani ,&nbsp;Rogério Ferreira ,&nbsp;Alexandre Hênryli de Souza ,&nbsp;Rafael Gianella Mondadori ,&nbsp;Paulo Bayard Dias Gonçalves ,&nbsp;Vilceu Bordignon ,&nbsp;Bernardo Garziera Gasperin","doi":"10.1016/j.theriogenology.2025.117498","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.theriogenology.2025.117498","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Superovulation (SOV) for embryo transfer (ET) typically requires eight decreasing doses of porcine FSH (pFSH) due to the short half-life. Recently, a recombinant FSH (rFSH) formulation has become available, allowing for SOV with a single treatment. This study aimed to compare the outcomes of SOV in commercial ET programs using eight doses of pFSH versus a single administration of rFSH. Data from 569 SOV procedures conducted under commercial conditions with pFSH (n = 291) or rFSH (n = 278) were evaluated. No significant differences were observed regarding the total number of recovered structures (TS), degenerated embryos (DG), and transferable embryos (TE). However, the number and proportion of unfertilized oocytes (UF) relative to TS were higher in the rFSH group. Conversely, the proportion of DG relative to TS was higher in the pFSH group. The proportion of TE relative to TS was consistent at 60 % for both treatments. Finally, when a small subset of cows (n = 12) were SOV four times with rFSH at 40- to 60-day intervals, no significant differences were observed in TS or TE. In conclusion, a single administration of rFSH provides SOV outcomes comparable to those achieved with eight administrations of pFSH in commercial ET programs and results seem constant across repeated treatments with rFSH.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23131,"journal":{"name":"Theriogenology","volume":"244 ","pages":"Article 117498"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144098417","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Gonadotropin inhibitory hormone (GnIH) induces glucose metabolism disorders and ovarian dysfunction in ovarian white follicles of hens","authors":"Bingqian Shen ,&nbsp;Dongyang Han ,&nbsp;Yuanyuan Xin ,&nbsp;Jiani Zhang ,&nbsp;Changlin Xu ,&nbsp;Xingxing Song ,&nbsp;Xin Zhang ,&nbsp;Chengcheng Liu ,&nbsp;Jiang Li ,&nbsp;Yixian Wei ,&nbsp;Xiaoye Wang ,&nbsp;Chuanhuo Hu ,&nbsp;Xun Li","doi":"10.1016/j.theriogenology.2025.117497","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.theriogenology.2025.117497","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Energy metabolism is crucial for reproduction, and disturbances in glucose metabolism are closely associated with reproductive disorders. The gonadotropin inhibitory hormone (GnIH) plays a crucial role in reproduction and glucose homeostasis in both birds and mammals. However, its specific effects on glucose metabolism-associated ovarian dysfunction in hens remain uncharacterized. In this study, we investigated the effects of GnIH on ovarian function and glucose homeostasis in hens using combined <em>in vivo</em> and <em>in vitro</em> approaches. Our results showed that GnIH and its receptor, GPR147, are predominantly expressed in white follicles. Continuous GnIH injection significantly reduced the ovarian index and the number of prehierarchical follicles, concurrently suppressing Fshr and LHr expression in white follicles. Additionally, metabolomic analyses indicate changes in key glucose metabolism pathways, indicating a regulatory role of GnIH in glucose metabolism. To validate our metabolomics findings, the effects of GnIH on glucose homeostasis in ovarian white follicles and granulosa cells (GCs) were further investigated through <em>in vivo</em> and <em>in vitro</em> studies. The results demonstrated that GnIH enhanced glucose transport, glycolysis and glycogen synthesis, but concurrently induced insulin resistance, oxidative stress, and mitochondrial dysfunction, ultimately leading to reduced energy levels and apoptosis in ovarian tissues. In summary, our study reveals that GnIH contributes to ovarian dysfunction via glucose metabolism dysregulation in hens, suggesting its potential as a therapeutic target for metabolic disorder-associated ovarian impairment in chickens.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23131,"journal":{"name":"Theriogenology","volume":"244 ","pages":"Article 117497"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144115671","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Canine Brachycephalic Obstructive Airway Syndrome impacts respiratory and hemodynamic physiological adaptations during pregnancy","authors":"Thayná Pantoja Gardés,&nbsp;Roberto Rodrigues da Rosa Filho,&nbsp;Maíra Morales Brito,&nbsp;Leticia Lima de Almeida,&nbsp;Renato Bueno Flores,&nbsp;Renata Azevedo de Abreu,&nbsp;Camila Infantosi Vannucchi","doi":"10.1016/j.theriogenology.2025.117495","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.theriogenology.2025.117495","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Brachycephalic obstructive airway syndrome (BOAS) has a negative impact on animal welfare and quality of life, with perturbing signs of respiratory distress and both clinical and reproductive issues. Therefore, the aim of this study was to compare the respiratory pattern, uterine hemodynamic profile, and placenta development during different stages of pregnancy in bitches with or without symptoms of the brachycephalic obstructive airway syndrome. Bitches were grouped according to the symptomatic manifestation of BOAS before breeding, as Brachycephalic Syndrome Group (n = 10) and Non-brachycephalic Syndrome (Control) Group (n = 10). Along gestation (early, mid and late stage), females were examined for clinical evaluations (heart and respiratory rates, body temperature, capillary refill time, hydration and mucosal color score, blood pressure and peripheral oxygen saturation), arterial blood acid-base balance and obstetric B-mode and uterine and umbilical artery dopplervelocimetry. BOAS bitches had higher (P &lt; 0.05) early-pregnancy heart rate, and increased (P &lt; 0.05) respiratory rate at late-pregnancy, tendency to acidemia and lower base excess (BE) and bicarbonate concentration until mid-pregnancy, while PCO₂ remained unchanged. Fetus of BOAS females had slower (P &lt; 0.05) placental growth and improvement of umbilical artery blood flow along gestation, although uterine artery vascularization remained unchanged. In conclusion, pregnant BOAS bitches have altered respiratory pattern and acid-base balance during pregnancy; however, without negatively impacting hemodynamics of the umbilical artery. Adaptations within the fetal-placental unit were sufficient to meet physiological pregnancy demands and partially support proper fetal growth.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23131,"journal":{"name":"Theriogenology","volume":"244 ","pages":"Article 117495"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144115672","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}