Tieraerztliche Praxis Ausgabe Grosstiere Nutztiere最新文献

{"title":"[Acid-base and potassium balance disorders in neonatal calf diarrhea - Part 1: Pathophysiologic aspects and clinical signs].","authors":"Florian M Trefz, Annette Lorch, Ingrid Lorenz","doi":"10.1055/a-2894-3327","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/a-2894-3327","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Abstract: </strong>Neonatal diarrhea remains one of the most frequent causes of morbidity, mortality, and economic loss in calves worldwide. The clinical consequences in affected animals are primarily attributable to fluid losses and consecutive dehydration, but also to the occurrence of metabolic acidosis and associated imbalances in potassium homeostasis. In calves with neonatal diarrhea, metabolic acidosis mainly results from the accumulation of strong anions, in particular D-lactate, which arises from bacterial fermentation processes of undigested nutrients within the gastrointestinal tract. Increased blood D-lactate concentrations not only contribute substantially to the development of metabolic acidosis but are also responsible for most of the clinical signs such as depression, weakness, impairment of the ability to stand, and alterations of the palpebral reflex.</p><p><strong>Abstract: </strong>Hyperkalemia occurs in up to one-third of severely affected calves despite a negative potassium balance and is linked to dehydration, impaired renal function, and the nature of metabolic acidosis. While D-lactic acidosis is rarely associated with hyperkalemia, the latter is typically accompanied by severe clinical dehydration, muscle weakness, and cardiac conduction abnormalities, thus representing a potentially life-threatening condition.</p><p><strong>Abstract: </strong>This review summarizes current pathophysiologic knowledge of these major metabolic disorders in calves with neonatal diarrhea and outlines their clinical relevance for diagnosis and treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":23115,"journal":{"name":"Tieraerztliche Praxis Ausgabe Grosstiere Nutztiere","volume":"54 4","pages":"272-283"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148798195","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Quantitative pathogen shedding in intramammary infections - a practical study with Bavarian dairy cows].","authors":"Klara Kalverkamp, Wolfram Petzl, Ulrike Sorge","doi":"10.1055/a-2894-2989","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/a-2894-2989","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Subject and objective: </strong>The objective of this Bavaria-wide cross-sectional field study was to describe the extent of selected quantitative bacterial pathogen shedding in quarter milk samples from lactating dairy cows. The association between pathogen shedding, udder health, and seasonal influences was evaluated.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Randomly selected dairy farms (N=305) from all Bavarian administrative districts were visited once over the course of a year. A total of 58,108 quarter milk samples were taken from 14,700 cows and examined microbiologically. Pathogen shedding was determined semi-quantitatively (1-10 cfu/0.01ml to>200 cfu/0.01ml) per quarter. For the statistical analysis the 5 shedding classes were summarized into 3 categories.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The level of bacterial pathogen shedding varied depending on the health status of the udder quarter. Healthy quarters were more likely to show low or medium bacterial counts than subclinically or clinically affected quarters. For <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i>, the probability of low shedding (1-10 cfu/0.01 ml) was more than twelve times higher in healthy quarters than in clinically affected quarters. <i>Streptococcus uberis</i> and <i>Streptococcus dysgalactiae</i> were also predominantly shedded in medium concentrations in healthy quarters. For <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i>, there was also a seasonal effect with low pathogen shedding being observed less frequently in summer than in winter. For <i>Escherichia coli</i> and <i>Streptococcus agalactiae</i>, no reliable conclusions could be drawn due to overall low detection rates.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The study showed that even clinically inapparent animals may shed relevant amounts of pathogenic bacteria. This confirms that milk somatic cell count alone is insufficient to fully assess udder health or infection status.</p><p><strong>Clinical relevance: </strong>Targeted microbiological herd testing is a necessary supplement to somatic cell count analysis. It enables the detection of hidden sources of infection and may help in preventing spreading as well as new infections.</p>","PeriodicalId":23115,"journal":{"name":"Tieraerztliche Praxis Ausgabe Grosstiere Nutztiere","volume":"54 4","pages":"234-243"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148798170","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Udder health dynamics in cow-based calf rearing of organic dairy cows.","authors":"Franziska Nankemann, Nicole Wente, Yanchao Zhang, Janina Schmidt, Jan Kortstegge, Doris Klocke, Volker Krömker","doi":"10.1055/a-2828-6791","DOIUrl":"10.1055/a-2828-6791","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Cow-based calf rearing systems, in which calves are suckled by their dams or foster cows, are gaining increasing interest as a comparatively natural form of rearing. However, the effects of suckling on udder health are still insufficiently researched, or contradictory information is available.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>In this cross-sectional study, clinical and bacteriological udder health parameters were investigated in 249 organic dairy cows (dams and foster cows) from 15 farms in northern Germany. Quarter milk samples and clinical udder examinations were carried out at the beginning and end of the suckling period.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The results show that the mastitis pathogen spectrum can be extended to include pathogens that are transmissible between calves and cows, which increases the risk of intramammary infections with <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> and atypical mastitis pathogens of the oral cavity of calves, such as <i>Pasteurella multocida</i>. Clinically, there was an increase in teat skin alterations and injuries, and the teats became longer towards the end of the suckling period, especially in foster cows and older animals, indicating mechanical stress due to suckling.</p><p><strong>Conclusions and clinical relevance: </strong>The cow-based calf rearing method, which is popular among consumers, presents specific challenges that need to be carefully considered and addressed through appropriate health monitoring and management strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":23115,"journal":{"name":"Tieraerztliche Praxis Ausgabe Grosstiere Nutztiere","volume":" ","pages":"146-158"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147634295","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[New drugs for horses and production animals in 2025].","authors":"Christin Jana Kamutzki, Anika Lüttig, Ilka Ute Emmerich","doi":"10.1055/a-2854-4109","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/a-2854-4109","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Abstract: </strong>In 2025, no novel pharmaceutical agents for horses and farm animals were introduced to the German veterinary drug market; however, the use of 2 existing active ingredients was expanded to include additional animal species. A dexamethasone preparation is now approved for use in goats, and a new product containing sodium salicylate for chickens was introduced. Oxalic acid dihydrate is now available as an impregnated strip for contact treatment. In the field of immunological veterinary medicines, a vaccine against epizootic hemorrhagic disease virus in cattle was approved for the first time. In addition, all 3 vaccines already available against bluetongue virus in cattle and sheep received approval. For chickens, there is a new trivalent combination product against Newcastle disease, infectious laryngotracheitis, and infectious bursitis, as well as a vaccine with an additional serotype of avian reovirus. A new method of administration enables an additional use for a vaccine against rotaviruses, coronaviruses, and <i>E. coli</i> (subcutaneous) in cattle. In addition, new package sizes of a vaccine for calves against bovine respiratory syncytial virus and bovine parainfluenza 3 virus, as well as a vaccine for chickens against avian salmonellosis have been introduced to the market.</p>","PeriodicalId":23115,"journal":{"name":"Tieraerztliche Praxis Ausgabe Grosstiere Nutztiere","volume":"54 3","pages":"190-198"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148369895","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Hydranencephaly in a newborn calf after intrauterine BTV-3 infection in a beef cattle herd in Saxony/Germany].","authors":"Magdalena Schollmeyer, Markus Freick, Sandra Schwarzer, Jan Schinköthe, Bernd Hoffmann, René Pützschel, Reiner Ulrich","doi":"10.1055/a-2794-3457","DOIUrl":"10.1055/a-2794-3457","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Abstract: </strong>During the 2024/25 outbreak of bluetongue disease caused by serotype 3 of the bluetongue virus (BTV-3) in Germany, 6 newborn calves in a beef cattle herd in Saxony exhibited neurological abnormalities immediately after birth. This case study aims to describe the clinical findings in these 6 calves, the pathological and histological lesions observed in one of them, as well as the virological test results from the herd. The affected calves showed disorientation, absent reflexes, and poor suckling. In the necropsied calf, marked bilateral-symmetric loss of the cerebral cortex with fluid-filled cavities in the neuroparenchyma and dilated lateral ventricles consistent with hydranencephaly was observed. Histologically, cortical hypo- and dysplasia, cystic defects, micro- and astrogliosis, and dystrophic calcifications were present. In all 3 examined calves, BTV-3 RNA was detected in blood via RT-PCR, and high antibody titers were found, as well as in their dams and most of the herd. Evaluation of the herd's epidemiological situation suggests a possible intrauterine BTV-3 infection around day 120 of gestation. The demonstration of hydranencephaly in this case supports the general principle that detailed morphological characterization of the lesions can substantially aid in distinguishing this condition from other, particularly viral causes of CNS malformations in calves.</p>","PeriodicalId":23115,"journal":{"name":"Tieraerztliche Praxis Ausgabe Grosstiere Nutztiere","volume":" ","pages":"199-208"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147646448","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Puncture wounds of the equine hoof - a retrospective study of 96 cases - Part 1: Prevalence, clinical findings and diagnostic investigations].","authors":"Tilda Leonore Herschel, Anna Pelli, Karsten Winter, Doreen Scharner","doi":"10.1055/a-2794-3137","DOIUrl":"10.1055/a-2794-3137","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Subject and aim: </strong>Penetrating wounds of the hoof are common and potentially life-threatening injuries in equine veterinary practice. The aim of this study was the systematic data analysis of horses presenting to the clinic with a solar puncture wound.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>In this retrospective study, patient data from horses presented with a puncture wound to the hoof in the period from September 2008 to August 2024 were collected. The analyzed data covered signalment, intended use, and insurance status. The following were also considered: previous history including the period between injury and presentation to the clinic, affected limb, degree of lameness, location and type of foreign body, laboratory findings and diagnostic imaging findings.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Ninety-six horses met the inclusion criteria. In 18/96 (18.8%) of the animals, the foreign body was still in place. Following hoof trimming, the puncture wound canal was located in 97.3% of the animals. In only 6/95 (6.3%) cases, the penetration site of the foreign body was located in the area of the sole. The dorsal region of the frog was affected in 37 (38.9%) cases, the central region in 17 (17.9%) cases, and the palmar/plantar region in 35 (36.8%) cases. Synovial involvement occurred to varying degrees in the frog area: 5 cases with injury to the dorsal frog region, 3 cases with penetration in the central frog region, and in 11 cases with involvement of the palmar/plantar frog region. Radiography was used in 86/96 (89.6%) cases. This imaging technique led to correct identification of involved structures in 82.6% (71/86) of cases. A MRI examination of the hoof region was only performed in 11/96 (11.5%) cases. Injuries involving the corium and digital cushion occurred in 36/95 (37.9%) cases. Forty (42.1%) horses had involvement of the distal phalanx and/or deep digital flexor tendon, and one or more synovial structures were affected in 19 (20%) animals.</p><p><strong>Conclusions and clinical relevance: </strong>The predominant penetration site for puncture wounds of the foot is the frog region. Retaining the foreign body in place for referral is to be avoided, as hoof trimming exposes the puncture wound in the clinic even in its absence. A MRI examination is only necessary for diagnosis in exceptional cases.</p>","PeriodicalId":23115,"journal":{"name":"Tieraerztliche Praxis Ausgabe Grosstiere Nutztiere","volume":" ","pages":"159-167"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147594981","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Cone beam computed tomography and cross-sectional anatomy of the carpal region in the horse].","authors":"Marie Hagenbach, Jonathan Bierau, Patricia Rott, Michael Röcken, Carsten Staszyk","doi":"10.1055/a-2809-5893","DOIUrl":"10.1055/a-2809-5893","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Subject matter and objective: </strong>The aim of this study was to display clinically relevant anatomical structures of the carpal region in healthy horses with the help of cone beam computed tomography (CBCT).</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Twenty-eight forelimbs from 15 adult horses without orthopedic diseases were examined. Following native CBCT examination a mixture of hyperattenuating contrast medium with blue epoxy resin dye was injected in the antebrachiocarpal joint and middle carpal joint and contrast-enhanced CBCT scans were also acquired. Subsequently, the limbs were frozen and sawed in different planes corresponding to selected CBCT planes (dorsal, sagittal and transversal planes). These sawed specimens were then photographed to illustrate the sectional anatomy of the equine carpal region.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The anatomical structures were compared in the sectional planes of CBCT and the anatomical cross-sectional images and compiled in several images as part of an anatomical atlas. The osseous structures of the equine carpal joint were clearly visible in CBCT images. Especially following the adjustment of the soft tissue window, soft tissue structures such as extensor and flexor tendons and the carpal collateral ligaments were identifiable on CBCT images albeit the visibility was worse compared to osseous structures. Intracarpal ligaments were visualized indirectly after intraarticular contrast medium injection. Furthermore, the articular cartilage was assessable after intraarticular contrast enhancement with decrease in visibility from proximal (antebrachiocarpal joint) to distal (carpometacarpal joint).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>CBCT seems to provide valuable additional data, especially in cases where other two-dimensional diagnostic imaging modalities such as radiology or ultrasonography do not offer sufficient information for a definitive diagnosis in equine carpal issues.</p><p><strong>Clinical relevance: </strong>As cross-sectional imaging is becoming increasingly popular in equine orthopedic medicine, this study aims to visualize the carpal anatomy of the horse using cone beam computed tomography, to compare the acquired images with corresponding anatomical sections, and thus serve as an important basis for the application of CBCT in everyday clinical practice.</p>","PeriodicalId":23115,"journal":{"name":"Tieraerztliche Praxis Ausgabe Grosstiere Nutztiere","volume":" ","pages":"168-182"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147514914","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Proposal of the DVG Specialist Group \"Diseases of Small Ruminants and New World Camelids\" for a program to combat Maedi-Visna infection in sheep herds and caprine arthritis-encephalitis infection in goat herds].","authors":"Martin Ganter, Christina Ambros, Holger Axt, Benjamin Bauer, Daniela Bürstel, Ursula Domes, Regina Hannemann, Klim Hüttner, Cordula Koch, Christine Komorowski, Patricia König, In Mayer, Udo Moog, Deborah Niklas, Folke Pfeifer, Mirjam Rohde, Annett Rudowsky, Beate Streuff, Henrik W Wagner","doi":"10.1055/a-2877-1612","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/a-2877-1612","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Abstract: </strong>The control of small ruminant lentivirus (SRLV) infections - Maedi, Visna, and caprine arthritis and encephalitis (CAE) - is based on the establishment of SRLV-free closed herds, achieved by serologically testing of all small ruminants aged one year and older for antibodies against SRLV. After four completely negative serological test results within a period of at least 24 months, a farm is recognized as SRLV-free. Maintaining SRLV-free status is based on regular serological testing of all small ruminants in the herd over one year of age. To reduce the administrative and financial burden involved in maintaining this status, various breeding associations have introduced significant simplifications and relaxations, some of which differ to such an extent that the intensity of surveillance varies considerably. Against this background, the members of the Specialist Group for Small Ruminants and New World Camelids of the German Veterinary Medical Society have drawn up this proposal to standard the guidelines for the control and monitoring of SRLV. The proposal must now be adopted and ratified by the relevant breeding associations.</p><p><strong>Abstract: </strong>Even under the proposed new guidelines, no fundamental changes to the requirements for initial recognition as an SRLV-free herd have been made. However, to maintain this status, follow-up testing may now be reduced to every two years once the herd has been SRLV free for three years. After at least five years with free status, the herd may be tested annually either via a random sample (detection of a 1% prevalence with 95% certainty), or samples from all adult animals in the herd may be tested in pools of five using an ELISA approved for this purpose.</p>","PeriodicalId":23115,"journal":{"name":"Tieraerztliche Praxis Ausgabe Grosstiere Nutztiere","volume":"54 3","pages":"209-215"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148369928","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Current status of telemedicine in livestock].","authors":"Svenja Niethammer, Maximilian Volk, Dirk Hinrichs, Henrik Wagner","doi":"10.1055/a-2854-3367","DOIUrl":"10.1055/a-2854-3367","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Abstract: </strong>This article provides an overview of the possibilities and current implementation of telemedicine in farm animals and discusses its observed advantages and disadvantages. Studies show that telemedicine may deliver results similar to on-site examinations, especially for farm-level issues. However, limitations in clinical examinations and technical constraints, such as color transmission, remain a challenge, alongside legal obstacles such as the requirement of clinical examinations to establish diagnoses. Nevertheless, telemedicine is pioneering in the field of livestock farming and, when combined with data collected by sensors, may contribute to improved animal welfare, as long as it does not entirely replace on-farm visits. Particularly for sheep and goat farming, telemedicine offers a promising opportunity to ensure specialized care across large distances.</p>","PeriodicalId":23115,"journal":{"name":"Tieraerztliche Praxis Ausgabe Grosstiere Nutztiere","volume":"54 3","pages":"183-189"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148369884","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Treatment, survival and subsequent fertility following uterine torsion and dystocia in alpacas.","authors":"Viktoria Balasopoulou, Marie Meyerholz-Wohllebe, Simone Knoch, Eva Petzl, Wolfram Petzl, Holm Zerbe, Katja Voigt","doi":"10.1055/a-2811-9708","DOIUrl":"10.1055/a-2811-9708","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Compared to domestic ruminants, dystocia is uncommon in alpacas. Uterine torsion is the most frequent obstetrical emergency and also a leading concern in late pregnancy. North American studies report favorable outcomes for dams and guarded outcomes for crias; comparable data for European populations are lacking. This study thus evaluated causes and outcomes of late-pregnant and obstetrical cases at a veterinary teaching hospital.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>A retrospective cohort study included all alpacas presented between January 2009 and August 2025. Cases of antepartal uterine torsions and manual and surgical obstetrical interventions were identified and retrospectively analyzed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Thirty-five alpacas were included. Two cases involved antepartal uterine torsions, while 33 were obstetrical in nature. Gestation length ranged from 332 to 374 days. Dystocia (n=4) or antepartal torsion (n=2) were corrected manually in 6 cases, while 29 underwent cesarean (c-) section. Thirty-two dams (91.4%) were discharged after a mean hospitalization of 3.7 days; 24 of the 30 long-term survivors (80%) recovered without complications. Uterine torsion was the main problem (12/35, 34.3%), followed by fetal maldisposition (8/35, 22.9%) and insufficient cervical dilation (6/35, 17.1%). Counterclockwise torsions were diagnosed in 6 cases and clockwise torsions in 5, while the direction was unrecorded in one. Retained placenta was frequent but rarely clinically relevant. Wound healing after c-section was excellent, with only one dehiscence 10 days postoperatively. Thirteen crias (37.1%) were stillborn. Of 22 live-born fetuses, 5 (22.7%) died or were euthanized. Ten of the 25 surgical cases (40%) were re-mated, with 8 conceiving successfully (80%).</p><p><strong>Conclusions and clinical relevance: </strong>Uterine torsion is common, and determining the direction is essential before correction. Manual resolution of fetal maldisposition is often difficult due to the long neck and limbs and vulnerability of the genital tract. To maximize dam and cria survival, c-section should be performed in a timely manner if manual correction fails. The left flank approach under local anesthesia is practical in the field and provides good maternal survival and postoperative fertility.</p>","PeriodicalId":23115,"journal":{"name":"Tieraerztliche Praxis Ausgabe Grosstiere Nutztiere","volume":"54 2","pages":"90-97"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147780925","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}