Journal of Communication Disorders, Deaf Studies & Hearing Aids最新文献

{"title":"Patterns in the Emergence of Hand Actions in Typically Developing Infants","authors":"M. Mathew, R. Manjula","doi":"10.4172/2375-4427.1000140","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2375-4427.1000140","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: The dynamic systems theory regards the development of an infant as a complex and dynamic system. This study investigates the development of the hand system in typically developing infants, in the backdrop of this theory. Specifically, we wanted to document the growth trajectories exhibited by these behaviours within the first year of life and to determine a predictable age at which these hand actions would exhibit a change in occurrence, in the face of variability. Method: Nine typically developing infants, 3 females and 6 males, were videotaped from the third month till they turned twelve months of age, while interacting with their mothers. Samples were coded for the occurrence of four categories of hand actions (actions during play/rest; actions with objects; actions towards adults; iconic actions) using ELAN. Results: The hand actions we studied were marked by variability as evidenced in their growth trends, and some of these hand actions, especially those that help manipulate objects and those seen during play/rest demonstrated an age at which reliable change in the rate of occurrence was seen within the developmental period. Conclusion: Our results demonstrate that the development of the hand system follows some principles of being a dynamic system.","PeriodicalId":231062,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Communication Disorders, Deaf Studies & Hearing Aids","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-08-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125158787","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Long-Term Effects of Non-Linear Frequency Compression on Performance of Music and Speech Perception","authors":"M. Uys, M. Latzel","doi":"10.4172/2375-4427.1000139","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2375-4427.1000139","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: Previous studies have already documented improved speech intelligibility and music performance with the use of Nonlinear Frequency Compression (NFC) but as it is widely acknowledged that hearing aid users may gain increasing benefit with longer experience it is interesting to look into long-term effects of this technology. Speech perception benefit with extended use of NFC has been reported for children and cochlear implantees showed a significant improvement in melody recognition after extended use. Aim: The purpose of this study was to determine the long term effect on the perception of music with NFC in adult hearing aid users and whether speech intelligibility in noise changed with extended use of NFC. Design and Sample: As real-life use and experience of NFC hearing aids is necessary to reveal its true potential, the study described in this article was performed roughly three years after the initial study to address any long-term aspects and therefore a comparitive research design was implemented. A subgroup of the participants (n=9) of the study described in Uys, Pottas, Vinck and Van Dijk was recruited to check for their music performance and speech intelligibility after 3 years’ experience with NFC. Results and Conclusion: The results confirm the general observation of increased benefit from the hearing devices when making use of the high-frequency cues provided by NFC. Whereas the majority of parameters describing the subjective perception did not change, those parameters relating to the performance - especially melody identification and speech understanding in noise - did improve over the longer period. This leads to the conclusion that it is prudent to intensify the evaluation into the long-term effects of NFC technology.","PeriodicalId":231062,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Communication Disorders, Deaf Studies & Hearing Aids","volume":"34 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-07-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116754384","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correlation between Anxiety Related Emotional Disorders and LanguageDevelopment in Hearing-Impaired Egyptian Arabic Speaking Children","authors":"S. Azab, A. Kamel, Samir S. Abdelrhman","doi":"10.4172/2375-4427.1000137","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2375-4427.1000137","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Hearing is critical for normal development and acquisition of language and speech and Hearing impairment exists when there is diminished sensitivity to the sounds normally heard. Several studies have suggested that one out of every two to three school-aged children with any degree of hearing impairment have academic, social, and behavioral difficulties. Purpose: To compare the degree of hearing loss regarding the Anxiety Related Emotional Disorders of hearing-impaired children and then correlate this to language scale. Methods: 75 divided equally to three groups, mild, moderate and severe hearing impaired Egyptian Arabic speaking children aged between 6 to 8 years were included in this study and were subjected to psychometric evaluation, audiological assessment, Arabic language scale, and The Screen for Child Anxiety Related Emotional Disorders (SCARED) questionnaire (Arabic version). Results: Hearing-impaired children showed more language, emotion difficulties, and spent less time communicating than children with normal hearing. The lowest academic, social, and emotional scores were in severe hearing impaired group than in the other two groups. Conclusion: Even slight/mild hearing impairment can result in negative consequences in the psychological, social, and emotional and there is significant relationship between delayed language, anxiety, and child emotional related problems. Without appropriate interventions, these children are at risk of developing mental health disorders.","PeriodicalId":231062,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Communication Disorders, Deaf Studies & Hearing Aids","volume":"336 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-07-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124719540","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Cross Sectional Descriptive Research on Prevalence of CommunicationDisorders in Morocco through Speech-Language Therapist Survey","authors":"Brahim Sabir, Touri Bouzekri, M. Moussetad","doi":"10.4172/2375-4427.1000138","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2375-4427.1000138","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Although communication disorder among the Moroccan population is prevalent, information readily available on this issue is scarce. National statistical information is the official authority that estimates the magnitude of this disorder. With the help of an online survey among the Speech-Language therapist (SLT) in 15 major cities of the kingdom of Morocco, the present study aims at estimating the prevalence of communication disorders among Moroccan population. The study is particularly keen in estimating the factors like age of the affected population and the tools the language therapists are using in addressing the issue. On analyzing the data, the study concludes with the outcome that speech disorders are top in the list of communication disorders and there must be early screening in detecting the issue to treat it effectively. The study also feels the need to apply appropriate tools in addressing the issue that suits the socio-cultural context of Morocco Material and Methods: A questionnaire based online survey was conducted among a fairly representative sample of Speech-Language therapist (SLT) covering 15 major cities of the kingdom of Morocco. Results: The questionnaires were completed by 68SLTs. Within the studied sample, 53.8% show oral communication disorders; 16.7% have written communication disorders, 11.2% show disabilities (deafness, autism, mental disability and other Rare Diseases), 10.5% have Ear-Nose-Throat (ENT) disorders, and the rest (7.8%) has neurological disorders. It is estimated that 5.62% of the Moroccan population are affected with speech disorders, 1.74% are unable to communicate in writing, 1.17% are disabled, 1.09% are affected with ENT disorders, and 0.81% have neurological disorders. Thus, in this study, we found that the estimated prevalence of communication disorders were 10.43% for overall the population, among them speech disorder found to be very prominent. Conclusion: In the selected sample, we found that oral language disorders are more prevalent than the other kinds of communication disorders. And the prevalence of delayed language is higher than the other kinds of oral language disorders.","PeriodicalId":231062,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Communication Disorders, Deaf Studies & Hearing Aids","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130898950","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Intelligibility of Speech Produced by Children with Hearing Loss: Conventional Amplification versus Nonlinear Frequency Compression in Hearing Aids","authors":"T. Ching, Nan Xu Rattanasone, Gretel Macdonald, Vicky W. Zhang, Laura Button, K. Demuth","doi":"10.4172/2375-4427.1000135","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2375-4427.1000135","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: This study aimed to 1) investigate the influence of nonlinear frequency compression (NLFC) in hearing aids on intelligibility of speech produced by children with hearing loss; and 2) examine whether clinicians’ or parents’ judgments might be correlated with those of inexperienced listeners. \u0000 Methods: Twenty-seven adult listeners with normal hearing who reported no experience listening to speech produced by people with hearing loss were asked to judge the intelligibility of speech samples of eight hearingimpaired children under four aided conditions. Also, the parents and the clinicians who provided services to the children provided ratings. The children were enrolled in a four-period multi-site trial that was aimed to compare the effects of conventional processing with NLFC in hearing aids on children’s performance. In that study, the children were familiarized with each of four hearing-aid setting for at least six weeks before they were evaluated using a range of tests, including the production of 20 sentences. The current study used the recorded sentences as stimuli for intelligibility judgments. Each listener heard sentences produced by two child-talkers, 40 from each talker. The stimuli were presented to listeners at 65 dB SPL via headphones. Four child-talkers received ratings from eight listeners and four from seven listeners. \u0000 Results: Group-level results indicate that speech intelligibility was rated to be better by inexperienced listeners when children used NLFC than when they did not. Three child-talkers showed a significant advantage with NLFC activation. These results are consistent with the estimated audible bandwidth of hearing aids for individual talkers. Significant positive correlations for intelligibility ratings between inexperienced listeners and clinicians were found, but neither correlated with ratings from parents. \u0000 Conclusions: The use of NLFC improved intelligibility of speech produced by children, on average, as rated by inexperienced listeners. Clinicians’ judgment of children’s speech production is a clinically viable tool for evaluating the effectiveness of amplification for children.","PeriodicalId":231062,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Communication Disorders, Deaf Studies & Hearing Aids","volume":"555 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129682808","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Working Memory and Speech Recognition Performance in Noise: Implicationsfor Classroom Accommodations","authors":"J. Sullivan, C. Carrano, Homira Osman","doi":"10.4172/2375-4427.1000136","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2375-4427.1000136","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: The aim of this study was to compare children’s performance on speech recognition and working memory tasks with two noise source configurations: back and side. Method: Children with normal hearing between the ages of 8-10 years of age participated in this study. Working memory and speech recognition in noise were administered in a counterbalanced manner across listening conditions. Results: Speech recognition performance in noise was significantly poorer when presented at 180 than from 90 degrees azimuth. There was no effect of noise source configuration on working memory performance. However, working memory performance in noise, regardless of position, were significantly poorer compared to quiet. No relationship was present between auditory working memory in noise and speech recognition in noise, when noise was presented at 90° azimuth. Conclusion: Children use perceptual cues and cognitive resources based on the difficulty of the task and audibility of the signal, Cognitive resources are largely called upon when listening conditions are more adverse and tasks become complex.","PeriodicalId":231062,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Communication Disorders, Deaf Studies & Hearing Aids","volume":"75 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-05-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134219363","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Social Communication Functioning: An Appraisal of Current AssessmentTools through the Lens of the International Classification of Functioning,Disability, and Health â Child & Youth Version","authors":"Kristen Izaryk, E. Skarakis-Doyle, Wenonah N. Campbell, M. Kertoy","doi":"10.4172/2375-4427.1000134","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2375-4427.1000134","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Objective: Social communication, or the use of language in social interactions, is critical to everyday human functioning. Although widely recognized as a key aspect of pediatric speech-language pathology practice, there is currently no consistently used approach to how social communication functioning is assessed for this population. The International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health – Child and Youth version (ICF-CY) offers a framework for describing social communication functioning, and thus how well it is represented in current parent- and teacher-report assessment tools for preschool and school-age social communication. \u0000 Method: Functional dimensions of social communication were identified from chapters of the ICF-CY. These functional dimensions were used to appraise the extent to which current pediatric social communication assessment tools are representative of social communication functioning. 11 parent- and teacher-report tools were appraised. \u0000 Results: Current social communication assessment tools for children were found to represent the foundational functional dimensions of social communication in its broadest sense. However, these assessment tools did not adequately represent the functional dimensions of specific social communicative contexts (e.g., Domestic Life). Further, these tools did not adequately represent the impact of physical context or conversational partner on social communication functioning. \u0000 Conclusions: The ICF-CY framework revealed that the appraised social communication assessments provide a partial description of children’s social communication functioning. Collaborative interprofessional interaction, supplemental and new assessments are needed to achieve the necessary authentic assessment of social communication functioning to achieve meaningful evidence based intervention.","PeriodicalId":231062,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Communication Disorders, Deaf Studies & Hearing Aids","volume":"3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132971839","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A CASE STUDY OF TACTILE LANGUAGE AND ITS POSSIBLE STRUCTURE: A Tentative Outline to Study Tactile Language Systems among Children with Congenital Deafblindness","authors":"J. Dammeyer, Anja Nielsen, Emilie Strøm, Ola Hendar, V. K. Eiríksdóttir","doi":"10.4172/2375-4427.1000133","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2375-4427.1000133","url":null,"abstract":"Few published research papers concern the study of communication and language development among children with congenital deafblindness. The aim of this study is to explore and discuss linguistic features of what may be considered as tactile languages. By analysing one pilot video observation of a five year old congenital deafblind child communicating with his mother about a slide experience tactile linguistic features of phonology, morphology, semantics and syntax were explored. The linguistic features of tactile language were found to involve a potential unique and complex structure based on direction, speed, and acceleration of movements, pressure, and body position. It is discussed how tactile languages, if they exist, can be studied from its unique bodily-tactile nature and not as a modification of visual sign languages.","PeriodicalId":231062,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Communication Disorders, Deaf Studies & Hearing Aids","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131456641","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Preliminary Investigation of the Affective, Behavioral and Cognitive Variables Associated with Spasmodic Dysphonia","authors":"M. Vanryckeghem, B. Ruddy","doi":"10.4172/2375-4427.1000131","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2375-4427.1000131","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Spasmodic dysphonia (SD) is often assessed and treated in a rather mono-dimensional way, despite knowledge of the impact of SD on a person’s quality of life. This study investigates how adults with SD think and feel about their speech, and cope with their voice problem. \u0000 Methods: Adults with SD were asked to fill out the Behavior Assessment Battery’s (BAB-Voice) self-report tests. The Speech Situation Checklist-Emotional Reaction and Speech Disruption investigate negative emotional reaction and voice problems in particular speech situations. The Behavior Checklist provides an inventory of behaviours that might be used to avoid or escape voice problems. The Communication Attitude Test for Adults assesses speechassociated attitude. \u0000 Results: Adults with SD had elevated scores on all BAB tests. Their results were comparable to BAB research with people who stutter. \u0000 Conclusion: The data show the BAB’s potential to assist clinicians in diagnosis and in designing a tailored multidimensional treatment plan.","PeriodicalId":231062,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Communication Disorders, Deaf Studies & Hearing Aids","volume":"80 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122185749","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Modifying Melodic Intonation Therapy","authors":"R. Goldfarb","doi":"10.4172/2375-4427.1000132","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2375-4427.1000132","url":null,"abstract":"Reports of the MIT protocol developed in the 1970s by the Boston group [2,3] emphasized that it was a language training program that used operant conditioning principles to treat adults with moderate nonfluent (Broca’s-type) aphasia. The authors reported success in increasing the expressive abilities of some individuals with aphasia for whom other clinical approaches had failed. The authors described MIT as a programmed approach with two levels of increasing difficulty, each level consisting of several steps. Short phrases or sentences were imbedded in simple, non-distinct melody patterns.","PeriodicalId":231062,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Communication Disorders, Deaf Studies & Hearing Aids","volume":"77 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130023531","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}