Journal of Communication Disorders, Deaf Studies & Hearing Aids最新文献

{"title":"Childhood Disintegrative Disorder: A Century of Hellers’s Syndrome","authors":"Manjunatha N","doi":"10.4172/2375-4427.1000169","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2375-4427.1000169","url":null,"abstract":"“Childhood disintegrative disorder” (CDD) now known, reported first as “dementia infantilis” by Theodore Heller in \u0000 1908, a century ago, and its research not kept pace with related disorders even though they reported late (autism \u0000 first reported in 1943 and Rett’s syndrome in 1966). Presently, we have few data on epidemiological findings, onset, \u0000 course, clinical features, very few etiological findings, established validity, and mainly non-pharmacological \u0000 management with pharmacotherapy targeted for only behavioural control. Future research should focus on etiology \u0000 and treatment. It is an attempt to review comprehensive the available literatures of CDD, at the end of a century from \u0000 its first report.","PeriodicalId":231062,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Communication Disorders, Deaf Studies & Hearing Aids","volume":"28 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132246849","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Verbal Output Profile in Children with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder","authors":"Wael Al-Dakroury, H. Gardner","doi":"10.4172/2375-4427.1000168","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2375-4427.1000168","url":null,"abstract":"Communicative differences are a feature of ADHD and measuring differences in verbal behavior can elucidate critical features of the disorder. This study focuses on quantity of verbal output through investigating the verbal productivity and length of turns in children with ADHD compared to age-matched typically developing (TD) children. The participants were twenty Saudi 4-5 year old boys. Ten were typically developing and ten had a diagnosis of ADHD. A 30 minute sample of speech during free play was collected from each child in conversation with an unfamiliar adult interlocutor (UI). All sessions were filmed and audio-recoded, the interactions transcribed then number of turns and whole words per turn counted. The results were statistically analyzed and showed that children with ADHD had a reduced verbal output with respect to total number of words, total number of verbal turns and average number of words per turn compared to typically developing children of similar age. It is argued that the differences are evidence of the negative effect of the core behavioral characteristics of ADHD on verbal pragmatic skills.","PeriodicalId":231062,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Communication Disorders, Deaf Studies & Hearing Aids","volume":"16 19","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"113935447","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Research Evidence Highlights the Importance of Effective Intervention, Special Education Policy and Multimodal Diagnostic Evaluation","authors":"Yingying Wang","doi":"10.4172/2375-4427.1000E119","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2375-4427.1000E119","url":null,"abstract":"Communication is the oldest art of living being to express the thought. It also helps in the progress of society through a robust and complex way of networking. Human being communicates through speech, language, sign language, drawing and complex gesture. While, non-human animals are known to use less complex procedure to communicate with each other. Echolocation and pheromone mediated communication also fascinating way of communication used by lower mammals and arthropods. However, several instance of information have been reported where abnormalities in the communication process have been identified, which not only affects the personal life but also hampers the quality of life of the sufferers.","PeriodicalId":231062,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Communication Disorders, Deaf Studies & Hearing Aids","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-12-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121761540","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Effectiveness of Melodic Intonation Therapy on English Speaking Adults with Expressive Aphasia","authors":"R. Crutchfield, A. Jeske","doi":"10.4172/2375-4427.1000167","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2375-4427.1000167","url":null,"abstract":"Melodic Intonation Therapy (MIT) has been a resource for working with adults with aphasia since 1973 when Albert, Helm and Sparks created this music-based intervention. MIT involves intoning short utterances while simultaneously using the left hand to tap the rhythm of syllables. This research project investigates the effectiveness of MIT intervention for an aphasic population. This was experimental research using a pre-test - post-test between subjects single design including two males presenting with aphasia (n=2). They participated in a controlled intervention during a 12 week period of cognitive therapy. The first six weeks of the intervention program consisted of language and cognition intervention only (LCI) while the second six weeks consisted of LCI with MIT (LCIM). Results revealed the post test for LCIM was the single factor that was moving towards significance as was indicated in the p of 0.07. MIT was somewhat effective in making a significant impact on more basic cognitive language skills, such as repetition, naming and word finding, when compared to higher functioning skills, such as spontaneous speech and auditory verbal comprehension. This was evident in patterns observed in growth of scores of formal and informal measures for the two participants in this research.","PeriodicalId":231062,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Communication Disorders, Deaf Studies & Hearing Aids","volume":"36 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125214943","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy Syndrome with Bad Imaging of Cerebral Venous Sinus: A Case Report","authors":"T. Zhou, F. Huang, H. Jiang, X. Yao","doi":"10.4172/2375-4427.1000165","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2375-4427.1000165","url":null,"abstract":"Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy Syndrome (PRES) refers to a disorder of reversible subcortical vasogenic oedema in patients with acute neurological symptoms. Its clinical manifestations include seizures, visual disturbances, headache, confusion, impaired consciousness, ataxia, and other focal neurological signs. It is a complex and multidisciplinary disease with the pathophysiological changes still controversial. Therefore, clinical and neuro-imaging judgment seems so crucial. Here, we reported a case of PRES with bad imaging of cerebral venous sinus, which reminds us that the atypical imaging of RPES should be recognized to make early diagnosis and start immediate treatment.","PeriodicalId":231062,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Communication Disorders, Deaf Studies & Hearing Aids","volume":"65 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-11-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126168667","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"School Enrollment among Children with Disability in Rural Eastern Ethiopia: A Community-Based Survey","authors":"B. Geda, Y. Berhane, N. Assefa, A. Worku","doi":"10.4172/2375-4427.1000166","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2375-4427.1000166","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Information about school enrollment with disability (7-14 years) is not readily available in Ethiopia. This study assessed current school enrollment in Eastern Ethiopia. Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional community-based study among households in Kersa Health and Demographic Surveillance System in Eastern Ethiopia. A household survey identified school aged children with disability. Then, a structured and pretested questionnaire was used to assess current school enrollment. Results: A total of 305 school aged children with disability were enrolled in this study. Of which 151 (49.5%); (95% CI=43.9%, 55.1%) were currently at school. Bullying and lack of resources were the most common problems for low proportion of school enrollment. Proportion of children with hearing loss was very high as compared with other categories. Children with multiple disabilities (AOR=0.40; 95% CI=0.18, 0.88) were less likely to be enrolled to school. Male children with disability (AOR=2.40; 95% CI=1.47, 3.92) and those from households with high wealth index (AOR=1.96; 95% CI=1.08, 3.57) had a better chance for school enrollment. Conclusion: School enrollment for children with disability was very low. Efforts need to be intensified to reinforce regulations that favor enrollment of children with disability to regular schools.","PeriodicalId":231062,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Communication Disorders, Deaf Studies & Hearing Aids","volume":"175 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-11-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114836586","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Cognitive, Psychological and Cultural Impact of Communication Barrier onDeaf Adultsâ Content of Speech in Iran","authors":"Zohreh Ghari","doi":"10.4172/2375-4427.1000164","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2375-4427.1000164","url":null,"abstract":"It is an oversimplification to consider signing simply as a substitution for oral communication in the manner that, for example, French may be considered as a substitute for English. The use of signing is a significant cognitive, psychological and cultural determinant in the development of the user. A deaf person communicating with a hearing person is not only dealing with a physical but also, a cultural barrier. \u0000This article examines the problems resulting from deaf people’s inability to communicate effectively across these barriers. It reports on a study of 32 participants, aged 18-55, from all 31 provinces of Iran. The participants had hearing losses ranging from mild to profound. Some participants had hearing parents others, deaf. The result of the study indicates that there are several barriers that affect the flow of communication and that these barriers create severe problems in the areas of education, emotions, and culture. The study suggests the families, educators, and all people related to the deaf; that signing is of significant importance to breaking the barriers leading to deaf people’s development in cognitive, affective, social, and cultural functioning.","PeriodicalId":231062,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Communication Disorders, Deaf Studies & Hearing Aids","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-08-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130547926","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Performance of Music and Speech with Different Frequency Lowering Devices","authors":"M. Uys, M. Latzel, M. V. Dyk, Elri Prinsloo","doi":"10.4172/2375-4427.1000163","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2375-4427.1000163","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: Previous research studies have documented the benefits of both frequency transposition (FT) and non-linear frequency compression (NLFC) for patients with different degrees of hearing loss, however, very few studies directly compare the effect of two different frequency lowering (FL) techniques on the same population to investigate if superior performance in terms of speech and music perception exists. \u0000Design and Sample: The aim of the study was to determine whether people with a moderate to severe hearing loss have improved music perception and speech intelligibility with the use of FL and if the benefits is dependent on a specific FL strategy. A parallel research design was implemented and a purposive sampling method was used. Participants (n=20) were experienced hearing aid users with bilateral, moderate to severe hearing losses and no FL experience. A music perception questionnaire were completed by participants to rate their perception of music and the Music Perception Test (MPT) were used to assess participants’ musical performance. The Phoneme Perception Test (PPT) and Hearing-in-Noise Test (HINT) were used to assess participants’ speech perception abilities. Two commercial hearing aid devices with different FL approaches (FT and NLFC) were used. \u0000Results and Conclusion: Results indicate that participants distinguish high frequency sounds better with both FL strategies than without it resulting in better speech intelligibility in quiet and in noise. Greater speech scores with NLFC compared to FT was evident. Participants that used FT showed more confusion regarding speech perception. In terms of music perception the study shows that NLFC improves participants’ pitch and melody perception whereas mostly no musical improvement was observed with FT. With the use of FT participants’ ability to identify melodies decreased. A strong preference to listen to classical music with NLFC compared to FT was noted. Therefore it is evident that FL can improve speech and music perception for people with moderate to severe hearing losses but the perceived benefit seems to be dependent on the specific FL strategy implemented.","PeriodicalId":231062,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Communication Disorders, Deaf Studies & Hearing Aids","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129727603","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Piloting an Early Identification Protocol for Reading Disabilities","authors":"A. J. Hadley, Karen T Kimberlin","doi":"10.4172/2375-4427.1000162","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2375-4427.1000162","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Several U.S. states have mandated screening procedures for the early identification of children with reading disorders. This study describes a protocol for identifying students at risk for reading difficulty during the kindergarten year. \u0000Methods: The authors piloted a protocol that included two reading screening instruments, a teacher questionnaire, a parent questionnaire and an oral language screening tool. Kindergarten children in two divergent elementary schools were screened. \u0000Results: Fifty-nine percent of the children screened demonstrated at least one warning sign warranting follow-up. The authors also found agreement among the results obtained through the various screening tools. Results were provided to first grade teachers the following year so that skill deficits could be addressed. Repeat screening of the children showed gains in skill development for 64% of the children in the follow-up phase. \u0000Conclusion: Children at risk for early reading difficulties can be identified as early as during the kindergarten year. Early identification allows teachers to employ instructional techniques and strategies in an effort to remediate deficits before children demonstrate greater lags in skill development. While early identification is important for all children, it may be an even greater advantage for children entering school with the additional risk factors of social and economic disadvantage.","PeriodicalId":231062,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Communication Disorders, Deaf Studies & Hearing Aids","volume":"128 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-07-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128824034","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of Superordinate Categorization in 2-4 years Typically Developing Children","authors":"K Shylaja, R. Manjula","doi":"10.4172/2375-4427.1000161","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2375-4427.1000161","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: Taxonomic categorization plays an important role in the cognition development and language learning of children. This study aimed to analyze and compare the trend in the superordinate categorization in typical children across age, gender and type of superordinate categories. \u0000Method: A total of 226 typically developing Kannada speaking children between the ages of 2 to 4 years served as participants of this study and were tested in individual set up. After providing 3 practice trials, a total of 122 items were presented and children were asked to assign or categorize each item under 11 categories which were indicated with referent pictures on a stimulus board. The responses of the children were rated on a 4 point rating scale. \u0000Results: Results revealed a developmental trend in typical children between 2 to 4 years for superordinate categorization. The performance of children between >2.0 to 3.6 to <4.0 years. Effect of gender was not observed in all the age groups and on all the superordinate categories. There was no significant difference in the performance of children between natural categories and artifacts across age and gender. \u0000Conclusion: The task for superordinate categorization in typical Kannada speaking children between 2 to 4 years showed a developmental trend indicating that superordinate categorization evolves with age and may continue after four years of age. The performance of children was not significantly different on natural categories and artifacts and this suggests that the children were capable of identifying perceptual and functional/contextual similarities and this could have probably helped in the categorization task, although they are differently used as a function of context and circumstances.","PeriodicalId":231062,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Communication Disorders, Deaf Studies & Hearing Aids","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-07-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115689842","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}