Solar RRL最新文献_第4页

Titanium-Doped In2O3: A High-Mobility, Thermally Stable Back Contact for Bifacial Chalcopyrite Solar Cells 掺钛In2O3：高迁移率、热稳定的双面黄铜矿太阳能电池背触点

IF 6 3区工程技术

Solar RRL Pub Date : 2026-03-22 DOI: 10.1002/solr.70291

Jan Keller, Sapna Mudgal, Ana Jurado-Estrada, Mustafa Togay, Jake W. Bowers, Marika Edoff

{"title":"Titanium-Doped In2O3: A High-Mobility, Thermally Stable Back Contact for Bifacial Chalcopyrite Solar Cells","authors":"Jan Keller, Sapna Mudgal, Ana Jurado-Estrada, Mustafa Togay, Jake W. Bowers, Marika Edoff","doi":"10.1002/solr.70291","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/solr.70291","url":null,"abstract":"This study evaluates In2O3:Ti as a transparent back contact (TBC) material in bifacial (Ag,Cu)(In,Ga)Se2 (ACIGS) solar cells with a band gap of 1.1 eV and compares it to commonly used In2O3:Sn. Both TBC layers were processed with a sheet resistance ≤10 Ω/sq, as required in a monolithically series-connected ACIGS module. In contrast to several other high-mobility TBCs previously tested in ACIGS solar cells, In2O3:Ti retains its exceptionally high mobility (>100 cm2/Vs), low resistivity (2.4·10−4 Ωcm), and minimal near-infrared absorption (<5% at ACIGS bandgap) after high-temperature absorber deposition. As a result, an up to 3 mA/cm2 higher short-circuit current density is measured under rear illumination for cells with an In2O3:Ti back contact as compared with devices using highly doped In2O3:Sn. The best cell reaches an efficiency of 10.2% at rear illumination with a bifaciality factor of 68%. At front illumination, the cell performance is on the same level for both TBCs.","PeriodicalId":230,"journal":{"name":"Solar RRL","volume":"10 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/solr.70291","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147567922","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Titanium-Doped In2O3: A High-Mobility, Thermally Stable Back Contact for Bifacial Chalcopyrite Solar Cells 掺钛In2O3：高迁移率、热稳定的双面黄铜矿太阳能电池背触点

IF 6 3区工程技术

Solar RRL Pub Date : 2026-03-22 DOI: 10.1002/solr.70291

Jan Keller, Sapna Mudgal, Ana Jurado-Estrada, Mustafa Togay, Jake W. Bowers, Marika Edoff

{"title":"Titanium-Doped In2O3: A High-Mobility, Thermally Stable Back Contact for Bifacial Chalcopyrite Solar Cells","authors":"Jan Keller, Sapna Mudgal, Ana Jurado-Estrada, Mustafa Togay, Jake W. Bowers, Marika Edoff","doi":"10.1002/solr.70291","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/solr.70291","url":null,"abstract":"This study evaluates In2O3:Ti as a transparent back contact (TBC) material in bifacial (Ag,Cu)(In,Ga)Se2 (ACIGS) solar cells with a band gap of 1.1 eV and compares it to commonly used In2O3:Sn. Both TBC layers were processed with a sheet resistance ≤10 Ω/sq, as required in a monolithically series-connected ACIGS module. In contrast to several other high-mobility TBCs previously tested in ACIGS solar cells, In2O3:Ti retains its exceptionally high mobility (>100 cm2/Vs), low resistivity (2.4·10−4 Ωcm), and minimal near-infrared absorption (<5% at ACIGS bandgap) after high-temperature absorber deposition. As a result, an up to 3 mA/cm2 higher short-circuit current density is measured under rear illumination for cells with an In2O3:Ti back contact as compared with devices using highly doped In2O3:Sn. The best cell reaches an efficiency of 10.2% at rear illumination with a bifaciality factor of 68%. At front illumination, the cell performance is on the same level for both TBCs.","PeriodicalId":230,"journal":{"name":"Solar RRL","volume":"10 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/solr.70291","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147567881","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Near-Infrared Spectroscopy and Chemometrics as a Tool for Nondestructive Polymer Degradation Analysis in Photovoltaic Modules 近红外光谱和化学计量学作为光伏组件中聚合物无损降解分析的工具

IF 6 3区工程技术

Solar RRL Pub Date : 2026-03-22 DOI: 10.1002/solr.202500953

Anika Gassner, Gabriele C. Eder, Benedikt Hufnagl, Vasiliki-Maria Archodoulaki

{"title":"Near-Infrared Spectroscopy and Chemometrics as a Tool for Nondestructive Polymer Degradation Analysis in Photovoltaic Modules","authors":"Anika Gassner, Gabriele C. Eder, Benedikt Hufnagl, Vasiliki-Maria Archodoulaki","doi":"10.1002/solr.202500953","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/solr.202500953","url":null,"abstract":"The long-term reliability of photovoltaic (PV) modules is crucial, and polymeric components play an important role in ensuring it. This makes nondestructive methods for detecting material degradation valuable and essential. This study proposes and validates a methodology that utilizes near-infrared (NIR) spectroscopy and chemometric techniques to identify degradation effects in PV encapsulants and backsheets. Principal component analysis (PCA) and random decision forest (RDF) algorithms are applied to preprocessed NIR spectra to detect changes and their chemical or physical origin. Accelerated damp heat and UV weathering tests on ethylene-vinyl acetate (EVA) or polyolefin elastomer (POE) encapsulants, as well as polyethylene terephthalate (PET) backsheets, reveal degradation-induced spectral changes in specific regions of the NIR spectra. Hydrolysis degradation in the -OH combination region (5000–5300 cm−1) is compared to changes due to physical water absorption. In UV-aged PET, photo-oxidation is identified within the C=O combination region (5200–5310 cm−1). The findings are validated through complementary destructive analyses, which confirm the chemical origin of the observed spectral shifts. The results demonstrate that NIR spectroscopy, in combination with chemometric techniques, enables nondestructive identification of severe polymer degradation in PV modules. The developed methodology demonstrates NIR's potential to complement conventional laboratory analyses.","PeriodicalId":230,"journal":{"name":"Solar RRL","volume":"10 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/solr.202500953","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147567917","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

In Situ Intergrown Chromium Nitride-Oxide Heterophase Structures for Solar Light-Driven H2 Production and N2 Fixation 原位共生氮化铬-氧化铬异相结构用于太阳能驱动制氢和固氮

IF 6 3区工程技术

Solar RRL Pub Date : 2026-03-20 DOI: 10.1002/solr.202500966

Mithun Prakash Ravikumar, Vidya Devadiga, Toan-Anh Quach, Trong-On Do, Sakar Mohan

{"title":"In Situ Intergrown Chromium Nitride-Oxide Heterophase Structures for Solar Light-Driven H2 Production and N2 Fixation","authors":"Mithun Prakash Ravikumar, Vidya Devadiga, Toan-Anh Quach, Trong-On Do, Sakar Mohan","doi":"10.1002/solr.202500966","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/solr.202500966","url":null,"abstract":"In situ intergrown chromium nitride-oxide heterophase systems were synthesized through controlled ambient annealing of chromium nitride (Cr2N) at temperatures ranging from 450 to 1050°C. This thermally induced phase evolution enables the formation of biphasic (Cr2N/CrN) and triphasic (Cr2N/CrN/Cr2O3) architectures with intimately coupled interfaces, allowing systematic modulation of their structural and electronic properties. Among the samples, the triphasic CN950 system exhibits remarkable photocatalytic activity, achieving hydrogen evolution and ammonia synthesis rates of 349.5 and 152.4 μmol g−1 h−1, respectively, under solar irradiation. The enhanced performance is attributed to efficient interfacial charge separation and Schottky-barrier-assisted cascade electron transfer within this in situ intergrown heterophase structure. In this configuration, semiconducting Cr2O3 functions as the primary light-absorber, while metallic CrN and Cr2N act as conductive electron-sinks and reduction-active sites for H2 generation and N2 fixation. The spatial separation of photogenerated charge carriers significantly suppresses recombination, as evidenced by quenched photoluminescence intensity and prolonged carrier lifetimes (~4.36 ns). Comprehensive structural, optical, and electronic analyses reveal that controlled-oxidation induces favorable band alignment, enhances visible-light absorption, and establishes functional heterophase interfaces within the system. These findings highlight the potential of in situ intergrown chromium nitride-oxide heterophase materials as efficient and multifunctional photocatalysts for solar-driven applications.","PeriodicalId":230,"journal":{"name":"Solar RRL","volume":"10 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147567434","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Shadows in the Spotlight: Casting Deep Learning Models to Unveil the Geometry of Printed Structures 聚光灯下的阴影：铸造深度学习模型揭开印刷结构的几何形状

IF 6 3区工程技术

Solar RRL Pub Date : 2026-03-20 DOI: 10.1002/solr.202500833

Leslie Kurumundayil, Doga Can Öner, Theresa Trötschler, Jonas Schönauer, Stefan J. Rupitsch, Ralf Preu, Stefan Rein, Matthias Demant

{"title":"Shadows in the Spotlight: Casting Deep Learning Models to Unveil the Geometry of Printed Structures","authors":"Leslie Kurumundayil, Doga Can Öner, Theresa Trötschler, Jonas Schönauer, Stefan J. Rupitsch, Ralf Preu, Stefan Rein, Matthias Demant","doi":"10.1002/solr.202500833","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/solr.202500833","url":null,"abstract":"Knowledge of the geometrical parameters of contact fingers is crucial for monitoring and optimizing solar cells. This paper introduces a modular approach based on deep learning (DL) for a full-area quality inspection of the finger geometry. Our approach is designed for production use, as the underlying optical images can be captured in real time using a top-light and a low-angle laser illumination. The former provides information regarding the width of the metallized region (shading width), and the latter casts a shadow relevant for the computation of structural information as the core width, peak height, and cross-sectional area. Our approach consists of (a) an image processing algorithm for automatic finger detection, (b) a DL model to extract the finger height profile from noisy shadow images, (c) a DL model for generating maps of the metallized regions and high-resolution height images, and (d) a regression model to predict the geometrical parameters. Finally, we convert these parameters into quality maps for visualization and statistical analysis. On comparison with microscopic references, the model achieves a correlation coefficient of 0.93 and a mean absolute error of 20 μm2 for cross-sectional areas ranging from 80 μm2 to 415 μm2 minimizing the need for offline microscopic measurements.","PeriodicalId":230,"journal":{"name":"Solar RRL","volume":"10 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/solr.202500833","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147567379","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Research Progress in Electric Power Vision Technology for Photovoltaic Module Fault Identification 电力视觉技术在光伏组件故障识别中的研究进展

IF 6 3区工程技术

Solar RRL Pub Date : 2026-03-20 DOI: 10.1002/solr.202500846

Yuan Jing, Liru Yang, Ruijia Zhang, Jing Wang, Jia Liao, Xiangxue Lv, Haimin Li

引用次数: 0

Shadows in the Spotlight: Casting Deep Learning Models to Unveil the Geometry of Printed Structures 聚光灯下的阴影：铸造深度学习模型揭开印刷结构的几何形状

IF 6 3区工程技术

Solar RRL Pub Date : 2026-03-20 DOI: 10.1002/solr.202500833

Leslie Kurumundayil, Doga Can Öner, Theresa Trötschler, Jonas Schönauer, Stefan J. Rupitsch, Ralf Preu, Stefan Rein, Matthias Demant

{"title":"Shadows in the Spotlight: Casting Deep Learning Models to Unveil the Geometry of Printed Structures","authors":"Leslie Kurumundayil, Doga Can Öner, Theresa Trötschler, Jonas Schönauer, Stefan J. Rupitsch, Ralf Preu, Stefan Rein, Matthias Demant","doi":"10.1002/solr.202500833","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/solr.202500833","url":null,"abstract":"Knowledge of the geometrical parameters of contact fingers is crucial for monitoring and optimizing solar cells. This paper introduces a modular approach based on deep learning (DL) for a full-area quality inspection of the finger geometry. Our approach is designed for production use, as the underlying optical images can be captured in real time using a top-light and a low-angle laser illumination. The former provides information regarding the width of the metallized region (shading width), and the latter casts a shadow relevant for the computation of structural information as the core width, peak height, and cross-sectional area. Our approach consists of (a) an image processing algorithm for automatic finger detection, (b) a DL model to extract the finger height profile from noisy shadow images, (c) a DL model for generating maps of the metallized regions and high-resolution height images, and (d) a regression model to predict the geometrical parameters. Finally, we convert these parameters into quality maps for visualization and statistical analysis. On comparison with microscopic references, the model achieves a correlation coefficient of 0.93 and a mean absolute error of 20 μm2 for cross-sectional areas ranging from 80 μm2 to 415 μm2 minimizing the need for offline microscopic measurements.","PeriodicalId":230,"journal":{"name":"Solar RRL","volume":"10 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/solr.202500833","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147567268","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Research Progress in Electric Power Vision Technology for Photovoltaic Module Fault Identification 电力视觉技术在光伏组件故障识别中的研究进展

IF 6 3区工程技术

Solar RRL Pub Date : 2026-03-20 DOI: 10.1002/solr.202500846

Yuan Jing, Liru Yang, Ruijia Zhang, Jing Wang, Jia Liao, Xiangxue Lv, Haimin Li

引用次数: 0

In Situ Intergrown Chromium Nitride-Oxide Heterophase Structures for Solar Light-Driven H2 Production and N2 Fixation 原位共生氮化铬-氧化铬异相结构用于太阳能驱动制氢和固氮

IF 6 3区工程技术

Solar RRL Pub Date : 2026-03-20 DOI: 10.1002/solr.202500966

Mithun Prakash Ravikumar, Vidya Devadiga, Toan-Anh Quach, Trong-On Do, Sakar Mohan

{"title":"In Situ Intergrown Chromium Nitride-Oxide Heterophase Structures for Solar Light-Driven H2 Production and N2 Fixation","authors":"Mithun Prakash Ravikumar, Vidya Devadiga, Toan-Anh Quach, Trong-On Do, Sakar Mohan","doi":"10.1002/solr.202500966","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/solr.202500966","url":null,"abstract":"In situ intergrown chromium nitride-oxide heterophase systems were synthesized through controlled ambient annealing of chromium nitride (Cr2N) at temperatures ranging from 450 to 1050°C. This thermally induced phase evolution enables the formation of biphasic (Cr2N/CrN) and triphasic (Cr2N/CrN/Cr2O3) architectures with intimately coupled interfaces, allowing systematic modulation of their structural and electronic properties. Among the samples, the triphasic CN950 system exhibits remarkable photocatalytic activity, achieving hydrogen evolution and ammonia synthesis rates of 349.5 and 152.4 μmol g−1 h−1, respectively, under solar irradiation. The enhanced performance is attributed to efficient interfacial charge separation and Schottky-barrier-assisted cascade electron transfer within this in situ intergrown heterophase structure. In this configuration, semiconducting Cr2O3 functions as the primary light-absorber, while metallic CrN and Cr2N act as conductive electron-sinks and reduction-active sites for H2 generation and N2 fixation. The spatial separation of photogenerated charge carriers significantly suppresses recombination, as evidenced by quenched photoluminescence intensity and prolonged carrier lifetimes (~4.36 ns). Comprehensive structural, optical, and electronic analyses reveal that controlled-oxidation induces favorable band alignment, enhances visible-light absorption, and establishes functional heterophase interfaces within the system. These findings highlight the potential of in situ intergrown chromium nitride-oxide heterophase materials as efficient and multifunctional photocatalysts for solar-driven applications.","PeriodicalId":230,"journal":{"name":"Solar RRL","volume":"10 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147567576","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Cu–In Co-Doped CdS Enhances Photocatalytic Nitrate Reduction to Ammonia in Pure Water Systems Cu-In共掺杂CdS增强纯水系统中光催化硝酸还原为氨

IF 6 3区工程技术

Solar RRL Pub Date : 2026-03-19 DOI: 10.1002/solr.202500970

Wei Lin, Jianan Liu, Xuemeng Sun, Chen Zhao, Yu Zhao, Baojiang Jiang

{"title":"Cu–In Co-Doped CdS Enhances Photocatalytic Nitrate Reduction to Ammonia in Pure Water Systems","authors":"Wei Lin, Jianan Liu, Xuemeng Sun, Chen Zhao, Yu Zhao, Baojiang Jiang","doi":"10.1002/solr.202500970","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/solr.202500970","url":null,"abstract":"The development of low-cost and highly efficient catalysts for nitrate reduction to ammonia without sacrificial reagents in pure water systems remains a major challenge in the field of photocatalytic nitrate reduction. By regulating the electronic structure and introducing metal ions stepwise through water bath and photodeposition methods, a promising modification strategy is provided to enhance the intrinsic activity of functional catalytic materials. This study explores the interaction between copper and indium co-doped cadmium sulfide. Notably, co-doping with Cu and In not only regulates the electronic structure but also optimizes the electronic properties of CdS. Compared with pure CdS samples, the interaction between Cu, In, and CdS in this catalyst is significantly enhanced. Under pure water conditions without sacrificial reagents, the NH4+ production rate reaches 38.26 μmol g−1 h−1, which is approximately six times higher than that of pure CdS. Additionally, this catalyst exhibits good cycling stability and durability. Experimental and theoretical analyses indicate that the doping of In can bring the d-band center of Cu closer to the Fermi level, and this microstructure modification further enhances the adsorption and dissociation ability of NO3−. This research provides a practical strategy for the design of efficient photocatalytic nitrate reduction under mild conditions.","PeriodicalId":230,"journal":{"name":"Solar RRL","volume":"10 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147567146","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0