Therapeutic Advances in Endocrinology and Metabolism最新文献

{"title":"Impact of anti-peptic ulcer disease medications on type 2 diabetes mellitus risk in patients with PUD: a population-based retrospective cohort study.","authors":"Yi-Jen Fang, Hui-Hsia Hsieh, Cheng-Li Lin, Wan-Yi Lee, Chi-Hua Chen, Fuu-Jen Tsai, Bang-Jau You, Ni Tien, Yun-Ping Lim","doi":"10.1177/20420188251323945","DOIUrl":"10.1177/20420188251323945","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The etiology of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is complex, with environmental factors playing a significant role in its pathophysiology. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs usage and <i>Helicobacter pylori</i> infection are the two most frequent causes of peptic ulcer disease (PUD). The link between PUD and T2DM is unclear, and comprehensive analyses of anti-PUD medications' impact on T2DM risk, especially in Asian populations, are lacking. This study aimed to determine the relationship between PUD, anti-PUD medications, and the likelihood of developing T2DM.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Using a population-based cohort study conducted in Taiwan, we investigated the impact of PUD and anti-PUD medications on the risk of T2DM.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>This is a retrospective, population-based cohort study using the largest database used in Taiwan.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>An 18-year follow-up period study was conducted on a cohort of patients with PUD diagnosed between 2001 and 2018 using the Taiwan National Health Insurance Research Database. The risk of PUD as well as anti-PUD medications use were examined using Cox proportional regression model.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Based on multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression analysis, patients with PUD had a higher overall T2DM incidence (22.7 vs 21.3 per 1000 person-years) than patients without PUD. The adjusted hazard ratio was 1.12 (95% confidence interval = 1.10, 1.13). Patients with PUD have a higher risk of T2DM in both genders and age groups. Patients with anti-PUD medications, such as H2 receptor antagonists, proton-pump inhibitors, antibiotics, prostaglandin analogs, anticholinergics, and antacids usage, are associated with a lower risk of developing T2DM than those without. Patients with PUD who underwent surgery were found to have a higher risk of T2DM.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Patients with PUD are more likely to develop T2DM. Nevertheless, patients receiving anti-PUD medications have a lower incidence of T2DM.</p>","PeriodicalId":22998,"journal":{"name":"Therapeutic Advances in Endocrinology and Metabolism","volume":"16 ","pages":"20420188251323945"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11921004/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143664354","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical and pathological characteristics of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease and the key role of epigenetic regulation: implications for molecular mechanism and treatment.","authors":"Yijing Li, Lijie Li, Yishuo Zhang, Jing Lu, Xiaolei Tang, Chaoran Bi, Yanan Qu, Jingmei Chai","doi":"10.1177/20420188251321602","DOIUrl":"10.1177/20420188251321602","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), also called metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) is a prevalent syndrome marked by liver fat accumulation in the absence of significant alcohol consumption, encompassing simple fatty liver, nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), and advanced stages such as fibrosis and cirrhosis. Its incidence has surged globally, impacting up to 40% of the population, with a doubling of cases in China over a decade. NASH, a severe form, can progress to liver cirrhosis and cancer, posing a substantial health burden, especially among individuals with type 2 diabetes. Projections indicate a steep rise in NASH cases, necessitating urgent interventions beyond lifestyle modifications, such as innovative pharmaceuticals. Early diagnosis is crucial, yet current tools have limitations, highlighting the need for noninvasive, scalable diagnostic approaches. Advances in imaging and biomarker identification offer hope for early detection. Epigenetic factors play a significant role in MASLD pathogenesis, regulating key molecular mechanisms. Addressing MASLD requires a multifaceted approach, integrating lifestyle interventions, pharmacotherapy, and emerging therapeutics, against the backdrop of an evolving landscape in disease management.</p>","PeriodicalId":22998,"journal":{"name":"Therapeutic Advances in Endocrinology and Metabolism","volume":"16 ","pages":"20420188251321602"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11912175/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143650920","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Successful management of hypercalcemic crisis by continuous renal replacement therapy with regional citrate anticoagulation and surgery: a case report.","authors":"Hanh-Duyen Bui-Thi, Thao Le-Phuong, Thang Tran-Viet, Phuc Nguyen-Huu","doi":"10.1177/20420188251323953","DOIUrl":"10.1177/20420188251323953","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A hypercalcemic crisis (HC) is a life-threatening endocrine emergency if not promptly diagnosed and treated. Initial management for HC includes fluid resuscitation, diuresis, bisphosphonates, calcitonin, and glucocorticoids, along with diagnosing the underlying etiology of HC. However, for the refractory HC, continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT) with regional citrate anticoagulation (RCA) should be considered. We report a case of severe refractory HC successfully managed with CRRT using RCA and surgery. A 56-year-old female patient was admitted to University Medical Center Ho Chi Minh City due to a decrease in consciousness. Laboratory tests and clinical manifestations suggested the diagnosis of primary hyperparathyroidism. The patient was managed with strategies to lower calcium levels, including intravenous normal saline, oral fluid replacement via nasogastric tube, calcitonin, and bisphosphonate; however, the patient did not respond to the initial treatment. Subsequently, the patient underwent CRRT with RCA and calcium-free replacement fluid to reduce the calcium level before parathyroidectomy. The patient was discharged after 10 days of hospitalization. CRRT with RCA appears to be a potential, effective, and safe method for treating refractory hypercalcemic crises. Further research is required to investigate the role of CRRT with RCA in refractory hypercalcemia.</p>","PeriodicalId":22998,"journal":{"name":"Therapeutic Advances in Endocrinology and Metabolism","volume":"16 ","pages":"20420188251323953"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11866368/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143524258","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Physical activity among adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus in Jordan: a qualitative study.","authors":"Aaliyah Momani, Zalikha Al-Marzouqi, Amani Abu-Shhadeh, Kamel Ajlouni, Mohammed ALBashtawy, Maysa H Almomani, Samiha Jarrah, Shaikha Ali AlQahtani, Anas Ababneh","doi":"10.1177/20420188251315658","DOIUrl":"10.1177/20420188251315658","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Type 2 diabetes mellitus is a growing epidemic condition that is expected to reach pandemic levels in the upcoming decades. Physical activity among individuals with type 2 diabetes is beneficial. A deeper understanding of physical activity among adults with type 2 diabetes in Jordan using a qualitative approach is needed.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>This study aimed at exploring physical activity among adults with type 2 diabetes in Jordan.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>A constructivist grounded theory methodology guided this study.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Data were collected using semi-structured and audio-recorded interviews and then analysed simultaneously using coding, constant comparative analysis and writing reflexive memos.</p><p><strong>Findings: </strong>Two themes emerged including 'The Perception about Physical Activity' and 'Factors Influencing Adherence to Physical Activity'. The first theme included four sub-themes: physical activity definition; importance; duration and types. The second theme included five sub-themes: the belief that diet is superior to physical activity; ageing and presence of diabetes or comorbidities; job and family obligations; social support and weather.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study provided insights into patients' perceptions and adherence to physical activity including facilitators and barriers. Clinicians and policymakers may consider the findings of this study to develop health promotion programmes and to suggest a suitable environment for individuals with type 2 diabetes to enhance their physical activity.</p>","PeriodicalId":22998,"journal":{"name":"Therapeutic Advances in Endocrinology and Metabolism","volume":"16 ","pages":"20420188251315658"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11831639/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143441865","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A study looking at how missed somatropin injections affect growth in children with growth hormone deficiency: a plain language summary of publication.","authors":"Jane Loftus, Bradley S Miller, Craig S Parzynski, Jose Alvir, Yong Chen, Priti Jhingran, Anu Gupta, Mitch DeKoven, Victoria Divino, Jenny Tse, Jing He, Michael Wajnrajch","doi":"10.1177/20420188241308446","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/20420188241308446","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>• Children with growth <b>hormone</b> deficiency (GHD) are often prescribed a growth <b>hormone</b> called <b>somatropin</b> to help them grow. • As prescribed, <b>somatropin</b> needs to be injected once a day under the skin. Some children may miss many of their <b>somatropin</b> injections, and this is known as having \"low <b>adherence</b>\" to treatment. <b>Adherence</b> in this study refers to whether the children had enough <b>somatropin</b> to have daily injections as prescribed. • In this study, researchers found that children with GHD who had high <b>adherence</b> to daily <b>somatropin</b> injections grew more than children who had low <b>adherence</b> to daily <b>somatropin</b> injections. • Researchers, doctors, and nurses need to look at how they can help children with GHD follow their prescribed injection schedule and reduce the number of missed injections. The purpose of this plain language summary is to help you to understand the findings from recent research. • <b>Somatropin</b> is approved to treat the condition under study that is discussed in this summary. • This summary reports the results of a single study. The results of this study may differ from those of other studies. Health professionals should make treatment decisions based on all available evidence, not on the results of a single study. Glossary of commonly used terms <b>Adherence</b> - in this study, <b>adherence</b> refers to whether the children had enough medication (<b>somatropin</b>) to have daily injections as prescribed by their doctor. Growth <b>hormone</b> - a protein made in the pituitary gland that helps the body grow properly. Growth <b>hormone</b> deficiency - children with this condition do not have enough growth <b>hormone</b> in their bodies so they grow more slowly than children with normal levels of growth hormone. <b>Somatropin</b> - a type of human growth <b>hormone</b> that can be made in a laboratory and used to treat growth <b>hormone</b> deficiency.</p>","PeriodicalId":22998,"journal":{"name":"Therapeutic Advances in Endocrinology and Metabolism","volume":"16 ","pages":"20420188241308446"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11808758/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143400114","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of bicalutamide on serum total testosterone concentration in transgender adults: a case series.","authors":"Lachlan M Angus, Quoc Vinh Hong, Ada S Cheung, Brendan J Nolan","doi":"10.1177/20420188241305022","DOIUrl":"10.1177/20420188241305022","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>There is interest in repurposing bicalutamide for gender-affirming hormone therapy, but little data regarding efficacy and safety in the transgender population.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To determine the effect of bicalutamide on serum total testosterone concentrations and liver function. Given bicalutamide is a pure androgen receptor antagonist, we hypothesized that serum total testosterone concentrations would be higher than the cisgender female reference range and those recommended for transgender individuals in consensus guidelines.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>Case series.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We identified transgender people attending outpatient clinics who were using bicalutamide for gender affirmation. The primary outcome was serum total testosterone concentration. Secondary outcomes included serum alanine transferase (ALT) concentration.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Twenty-four transfeminine people prescribed bicalutamide were identified. The median (interquartile range) age was 29 (24-38) years, bicalutamide dose 25 (25-50) mg daily and bicalutamide duration 6 (4-10) months. The median serum total testosterone concentration was 7.7 (0.7-17.5) nmol/L, luteinizing hormone 2.9 (0.5-6.0) IU/L and ALT 20 (13-29) IU/L. One individual had asymptomatic transaminitis. Six individuals discontinued bicalutamide due to a lack of perceived benefit.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Bicalutamide was associated with significant variation in serum total testosterone concentration, likely related to concomitant estradiol or previous anti-androgen therapy. Median serum ALT concentrations remained within the normal reference range. Guideline recommendations for serum total testosterone within the cisgender female reference range may be inappropriate for people using bicalutamide. Further research is needed to establish the longer-term efficacy and safety of bicalutamide in the transfeminine population.</p>","PeriodicalId":22998,"journal":{"name":"Therapeutic Advances in Endocrinology and Metabolism","volume":"15 ","pages":"20420188241305022"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2024-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11650463/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142847620","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ectopic corticotropin-releasing hormone syndrome caused by rectal large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma: a rare case report.","authors":"Yuan Lou, Huan Chen, Si-Jia Fei, Qing-Hua He, Qi Pan","doi":"10.1177/20420188241305026","DOIUrl":"10.1177/20420188241305026","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Ectopic corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH) syndrome, a rare subtype of adrenocorticotropic hormone-dependent Cushing syndrome, is associated with tumors of diverse origins. Here, we present a case of a 37-year-old female diagnosed with ectopic CRH syndrome secondary to rectal large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma, a hitherto unprecedented site for CRH-secreting tumors. The patient presented with classical features of Cushing syndrome, supported by laboratory evidence of hypercortisolemia and disrupted diurnal cortisol secretion. Imaging studies ruled out a pituitary adenoma, whereas colonoscopy identified a rectal malignancy. Immunohistochemical staining confirmed the presence of ectopic CRH syndrome. Despite prompt chemotherapy initiation, the patient's condition rapidly deteriorated, highlighting the aggressive nature and dismal prognosis associated with rectal large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma linked to ectopic CRH syndrome. This case underscores the importance of early recognition and comprehensive management to optimize patient outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":22998,"journal":{"name":"Therapeutic Advances in Endocrinology and Metabolism","volume":"15 ","pages":"20420188241305026"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2024-12-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11635862/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142819200","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluating the precision and reliability of real-time continuous glucose monitoring systems in ambulatory settings: a systematic review.","authors":"Valentina Dávila-Ruales, Laura F Gilón, Ana M Gómez, Oscar M Muñoz, María N Serrano, Diana C Henao","doi":"10.1177/20420188241304459","DOIUrl":"10.1177/20420188241304459","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) with minimally invasive devices plays a key role in the assessment of daily diabetes management by detecting and alerting to potentially dangerous trends in glucose levels, improving quality of life, and treatment adherence. However, there is still uncertainty as to whether CGMs are accurate enough to replace self-monitoring of blood glucose, especially in detecting episodes of hypoglycemia.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Evaluate clinical, numerical accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity of the CGM devices commercially available when compared to the reference standard of arterial or venous blood glucose.</p><p><strong>Data sources and methods: </strong>We searched the Cochrane Library, PubMed, EMBASE, and LILACS databases. The quality was assessed with the Quality Assessment Diagnostic Accuracy Studies (QUADAS-2) tool. Clinical and numerical accuracy data were extracted. Sensitivity and specificity were calculated using Review Manager software. Heterogeneity was assessed by visual examination of forest plot and summary receiver operating characteristic curves.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Twenty-two studies with a total of 2294 patients were included. The average mean absolute relative difference for overall diagnostic accuracy was 9.4%. None of the devices evaluated with ISO 15197:2013 criteria achieved values ⩾95% of measurements in the stipulated ranges in hypoglycemia (±15 mg/dL), but two devices did achieve it in hyperglycemia (±15%; Dexcom G6 and G7). Most of the devices evaluated with consensus error grids reached values above 99% in zones A and B only in overall accuracy and hyperglycemia. For hypoglycemia, the average sensitivity was 85.7% and specificity 95.33%, and for hyperglycemia was 97.45% and 96% respectively.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Currently available CGM devices have adequate accuracy for euglycemia and hyperglycemia; however, it is still inadequate for hypoglycemia, although it has improved over time.</p><p><strong>Trial registration: </strong>Prospero registration ID CRD42023399767.</p>","PeriodicalId":22998,"journal":{"name":"Therapeutic Advances in Endocrinology and Metabolism","volume":"15 ","pages":"20420188241304459"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2024-12-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11635893/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142819207","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Incidence and predictors of hyperglycemic emergencies among adult diabetic patients at public hospitals of Sidama Region and Gedeo Zone, Southern Ethiopia: a survival analysis.","authors":"Kasie Gebeyehu Tiruneh, Migbar Sibhat Mekonnen, Addisu Getnet Zemeskel, Mequanint Ayehu Akele, Abinet Meno Abose, Ashenafi Zewde Wendimu","doi":"10.1177/20420188241303416","DOIUrl":"10.1177/20420188241303416","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Hyperglycemic emergencies (HGEs) are the major deadliest acute complications of diabetes. HGEs have reached an alarming stage and increased year-to-year leading to increased morbidity, hospitalization, and mortality. Despite HGEs causing this increased healthcare, psychological, social, and economic burden, studies conducted to address this burden and its predictive factors remain limited. Thus, this study aimed to investigate the incidence and predictors of HGEs among adult diabetic patients.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>An institution-based retrospective follow-up study was employed on 538 systematically selected adult diabetic patients who had diabetic follow-up in Sidama region and Gedeo zone public hospitals from September 1, 2018, to September 1, 2022. The sample size was determined using STATA V-14. Data were collected using an extraction checklist, entered into EPI data version 4.4.2.2, and analyzed using STATA version 14. The Kaplan-Meier curve and log-rank test were used to determine the survival probabilities and to compare the survival status. The Cox proportional hazard regression model was used to determine the association and identify the predictor variables. A statistical significance was declared at a <i>p</i>-value of <0.05 in line with a 95% confidence interval (CI) and hazard ratios.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The study was conducted on 538 diabetic adult patients with a response rate of 100%. The mean age of study participants was 44.5 years, and more than 66.7% were males. The incidence rate of HGEs was found to be 29 (95% CI: 25.3-33.2) per 1000 person-months with a total of 7176.5 person-month observations. Being farmer (adjusted hazard ratio (AHR) = 6.47; 95% CI: 2.61-16.04), poor glycemic control (AHR = 6.84; 95% CI: 3.47-13.49), less frequent diabetic follow-up (AHR = 4.00; 95% CI: 1.02-15.57), and having hypertension (HTN) (AHR = 2.94; 95% CI: 1.62-5.34) were significantly associated with increased hazard of acquiring HGEs among adult diabetic patients. Conversely, the hazard of experiencing HGE was 63% lower among patients who had diabetic nephropathy relative to those without diabetic nephropathy (AHR = 0.35; 95% CI: 0.15-0.83). Hence, setting and strengthening specific diabetic management strategies focused on the identified predictors could be paramount to reducing HGEs and their unwanted effects. Moreover, it's better to consider more frequent diabetic follow-up visits for all patients regardless of other complications.</p>","PeriodicalId":22998,"journal":{"name":"Therapeutic Advances in Endocrinology and Metabolism","volume":"15 ","pages":"20420188241303416"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2024-12-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11635878/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142819142","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Diagnostic efficacy of aldosterone-to-renin ratio to screen primary aldosteronism in hypertension: a systemic review and meta-analysis.","authors":"Ting-Wei Kao, Jui-Yi Chen, Jung-Hua Liu, Wen-Hsin Tseng, Chih-Chia Hsieh, Vin-Cent Wu, Yen-Hung Lin, Zheng-Wei Chen","doi":"10.1177/20420188241303429","DOIUrl":"10.1177/20420188241303429","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The aldosterone-to-renin ratio (ARR) is commonly used for screening primary aldosteronism (PA) in patients with difficult-to-control hypertension. Various thresholds have been proposed for the confirmatory tests, leading to inconsistency in the results.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This study aimed to elucidate the performance of ARR screening in hypertensive patients.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>Systemic review and meta-analysis.</p><p><strong>Data sources and methods: </strong>PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane Library were systematically searched from inception to January 2024. Studies that used the ARR to screen for PA and provided a comprehensive probability panel specifically focusing on hypertensive individuals were considered for enrollment. Pooled diagnostic efficacy was evaluated, and subgroup analyses and meta-regression were conducted based on different demographic and clinical parameters.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Eighteen observational studies encompassing 7150 participants were included in the meta-analysis. The overall prevalence of PA in the hypertensive cohort was 15.2%, and pooled sensitivity and specificity were 81.6% and 93.3%, respectively, resulting in a diagnostic odds ratio of 62.0. Fagan's nomogram showed that a positive ARR increased the post-test probability to 80% from a pre-test probability of 25%. Summary receiver operating characteristic curve analysis revealed an area under the curve of 94.7%. Notably, analysis of variability demonstrated that the diagnostic performance was consistent across either ARR based on plasma renin activity or direct renin concentration, geographic region, sex, mean age, potassium level, and systolic blood pressure.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>ARR was validated as a viable screening methodology for PA in hypertensive individuals. Moreover, its diagnostic efficacy remained unchanged across diverse clinical contexts. Future studies are warranted to refine ARR methodologies and enhance diagnostic accuracy.</p><p><strong>Trial registration: </strong>PROSPERO ID number CRD42023493680.</p><p><strong>Infographics: </strong><b>Performance of PA screening by ARR.</b> ARR, aldosterone-to-renin ratio; BP, blood pressure; DRC, direct renin concentration; hsROC, hierarchical summary receiver operating characteristic; PA, primary aldosteronism; PRA, plasma renin activity.</p>","PeriodicalId":22998,"journal":{"name":"Therapeutic Advances in Endocrinology and Metabolism","volume":"15 ","pages":"20420188241303429"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2024-12-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11635879/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142819191","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}