Theoretical and Applied Genetics最新文献

{"title":"QTL combinations associated with field partial resistance to Aphanomyces root rot in pea near-isogenic lines.","authors":"C Lavaud, J-P Riviere, P Vetel, G Aubert, P Marget, G Roullet, J F Herbommez, P Declerck, M-L Pilet-Nayel","doi":"10.1007/s00122-025-04961-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00122-025-04961-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Aphanomyces root rot, caused by Aphanomyces euteiches, is one of the most-important diseases of pea (Pisum sativum L.) worldwide. The development of resistant varieties is a major objective to manage the disease. Consistent quantitative trait loci (QTL) controlling partial resistance were discovered from linkage mapping and genome-wide association studies. This study aimed to validate the resistance QTL effects and identify effective QTL combinations under contaminated field conditions, by exploiting near-isogenic lines (NILs) carrying resistance alleles at individual or combined consistent QTL in different genetic backgrounds. A total of 157 NILs previously created were fingerprinted using 10,494 SNP markers from the GenoPea Infinium® BeadChip, which made it possible to confirm the QTL introgression sizes in the NILs. All NILs were phenotyped for resistance in field-contaminated nurseries over eight environments in 2 years at six locations in France. NILs carrying resistance alleles from PI180693 or 90-2131 at the major-effect QTL Ae-Ps7.6, individually or in combination with minor-effect QTL (Ae-Ps4.1 or Ae-Ps5.1), showed increased levels of partial resistance in at least three environments and three genetic backgrounds. At other QTL combinations (Ae-Ps1.2 or Ae-Ps7.6 + Ae-Ps2.2 ± Ae-Ps3.1), alleles from PI180693 or 552 also showed consistent and novel effects on partial resistance in some NIL genetic backgrounds. At these QTL combinations, the PI180693 resistance alleles also contributed to late flowering. This study provides tools and information for the choice of resistance QTL to combine in breeding, to increase partial resistance to A. euteiches in pea varieties.</p>","PeriodicalId":22955,"journal":{"name":"Theoretical and Applied Genetics","volume":"138 8","pages":"179"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-07-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144584945","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fine mapping of a powdery mildew resistance gene PmLF540 from wild emmer wheat.","authors":"Ruishan Liu, Hongxing Xu, Ningning Yu, Jiadong Zhang, Yaoxue Li, Jiatong Li, Yintao Dai, Bei Xiao, Guantong Pan, Dongming Li, Yuli Jin, Guohao Han, Pengtao Ma","doi":"10.1007/s00122-025-04954-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00122-025-04954-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In wheat production, powdery mildew displayed devastating power threatening grain yield and flour quality. To control this disease, utilization of resistance genes represents the most efficient and environmentally friendly strategy. The wild emmer wheat accession LF540 demonstrated high level of resistance against powdery mildew. Genetic analysis revealed that a single dominant gene, tentatively named PmLF540, conferred this resistance at the seedling stage. Employing bulked segregant exome capture sequencing and 2000 F_2:3 families, PmLF540 was fine mapped to a 681.5-kb interval (Chr4A_712370609-Chr4A_713052118) based on the reference genome of wild emmer wheat v1.0 (accession Zavitan). Collinearity analysis indicated that this candidate interval has poor collinearity between different Triticum species, suggesting that PmLF540 was mapped to a complex genomic region. Expression pattern against both avirulent and virulent Bgt isolates and haplotype analysis of the candidate genes within this interval revealed TRIDC4AG068820, encoding a typical nucleotide-binding domain and leucine-rich repeat resistance protein, as the pivotal candidate gene for PmLF540. Fifteen closely linked markers and a gene-specific marker KASP540-1 for TRIDC4AG068820 were screened for facilitating the efficient transfer of PmLF540 in breeding practices.</p>","PeriodicalId":22955,"journal":{"name":"Theoretical and Applied Genetics","volume":"138 8","pages":"178"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-07-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144584943","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genome-wide association mapping of loci conferring all-stage and high-temperature adult-plant resistance to stripe rust in a global spring barley collection.","authors":"Arjun Upadhaya, Meinan Wang, Nosheen Fatima, Matthew Brooke, Travis Ruff, Deven R See, Robert Brueggeman, Xianming Chen","doi":"10.1007/s00122-025-04963-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00122-025-04963-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Key message: </strong>The genome-wide association study utilizing a diverse global collection of 318 barley accessions identified 44 loci for stripe rust resistance, including 14 potentially novel loci. Stripe rust is an important disease of barley in temperate regions worldwide. Identification and genetic characterization of stripe rust resistance are essential for development and deployment of durable resistance in barley cultivars. A total of 318 spring barley accessions from a global barley collection were evaluated for resistance to the stripe rust pathogen Puccinia striiformis f. sp. hordei (Psh) at the seedling stage in the greenhouse (4-20 °C) using five Psh races (PSH-33, PSH-48, PSH-72, PSH-117 and PSH-118) and at the adult-plant stage in the greenhouse under a high-temperature profile (15-25 °C) and in four field environments in Washington, USA. The frequencies of resistant accessions ranged from 15 to 54% at the seedling stage and 47-76% at the adult-plant stage. Genome-wide association analysis using 6332 markers identified 60 significant SNPs corresponding to 44 loci for stripe rust resistance. These loci include 22 all-stage resistance (ASR) loci and 22 high-temperature adult-plant resistance (HTAP) loci, distributed across all seven barley chromosomes. Three ASR loci and eleven HTAP loci are potentially novel. Five ASR loci (QRpsh_1H.3, QRpsh_3H.1, QRpsh_5H.5, QRpsh_5H.6 and QRpsh_7H.4) and five HTAP resistance loci (QRpsh_1H.4, QRpsh_3H.2, QRpsh_4H.3, QRpsh_5H.4 and QRpsh_7H.2) are major-effect loci, each explaining over 10% of the phenotypic variation. PCR Allele Competitive Extension markers were developed for eight broad-spectrum ASR loci, which may facilitate resistance screening and targeted locus introgression in barley breeding programs. The genetic resources developed in this study should be valuable for breeding efforts aimed at enhancing resistance to stripe rust in barley cultivars.</p>","PeriodicalId":22955,"journal":{"name":"Theoretical and Applied Genetics","volume":"138 8","pages":"176"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-07-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144584944","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Identification, characterization, and associations with agronomic traits and early vigor of mature wheat embryo size loci.","authors":"Lei Wu, Yuting Li, Longxing Su, Wei Li, Yanlin Liu, Guangdeng Chen, Qiang Xu, Yunfeng Jiang, Zhien Pu, Yun Jiang, Qiantao Jiang, Guoyue Chen, Yuming Wei, Jian Ma","doi":"10.1007/s00122-025-04944-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00122-025-04944-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Although the mature wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) embryo constitutes only a small proportion of kernel weight, it plays a significant role in seed germination and seedling establishment. However, the genetic basis underlying wheat embryo size remains poorly understood. In this study, we measured the embryos of mature kernels from 199 recombinant inbred lines (RILs) across up to nine environments. Using linkage maps constructed with the Wheat 55 K SNP array, we identified genetic loci associated with embryo size, including embryo length (EL), embryo width (EW), embryo area (EA), and their respective ratios to kernel dimensions (EL/KL, EW/KW, and EL/EW). Nine stable quantitative trait loci (QTL) were detected within three co-located chromosomal intervals, six of which are likely novel. The major, stably expressed, and novel QTL-QEL.sicau-2CN-2D.1 and QEW.sicau-2CN-2D-were successfully validated in a natural population comprising 165 Sichuan wheat cultivars and 57 Sichuan wheat landraces across two environments. By leveraging the genomic assemblies of the two parental genotypes, we identified candidate genes for this locus on chromosome 2D. Furthermore, significant correlations were observed between embryo size and early vigor, as well as kernel traits. Collectively, these findings provide critical insights into the genetic architecture of embryo size and facilitate the fine mapping and breeding applications of this promising locus.</p>","PeriodicalId":22955,"journal":{"name":"Theoretical and Applied Genetics","volume":"138 8","pages":"175"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-07-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144576228","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A century of advances in molecular genetics and breeding for sustainable resistance to rice blast disease.","authors":"Xilai Huang, Wei Yao, Qianru Chen, Jinjun Lin, Jun Huang, Yuying Zou, Chenglong Guo, Bei He, Xiao Yuan, Chengyang Xu, Xionglun Liu, Yinghui Xiao, Jun Wu, Jinling Liu","doi":"10.1007/s00122-025-04962-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00122-025-04962-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Rice blast, caused by the hemibiotrophic filamentous ascomycete fungus Magnaporthe oryzae, seriously limits rice production. Since the pioneering genetic studies in 1922, substantial advancements have been made in understanding the genetic basis of rice-M. oryzae interaction via the advanced molecular genetics studies. This has led to the development of the rice-M. oryzae interaction system as a primary model for molecular plant-microbe interaction studies. The molecular deciphering of blast resistance (R) genes and application of molecular breeding technologies have greatly accelerated the improvement of rice blast resistance. Herein, we review the current insights of molecular characterization of blast R genes and their applications to improve rice resistance through the molecular breeding approaches, including marker-assisted selection transgene, gene editing and artificial gene design. The future perspectives of molecular breeding strategies on rice blast resistance improvement are also discussed.</p>","PeriodicalId":22955,"journal":{"name":"Theoretical and Applied Genetics","volume":"138 7","pages":"174"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144567842","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Understanding genetic architecture overcomes tradeoffs between seed quality and insect resistance.","authors":"Joseph R White, James P McNellie, Kyle G Keepers, Brian C Smart, Zoe M Portlas, Zach E Marcus, Nolan C Kane, Jarrad R Prasifka, Brent S Hulke","doi":"10.1007/s00122-025-04941-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00122-025-04941-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The sunflower (Helianthus annuus) pericarp protects the seed within from both abiotic and biotic stresses. Achenes with stronger pericarps are less susceptible to damage from insect feeding. Complicating the genetic improvement of pericarp strength is the negative correlation between pericarp thickness (a component of strength) and oil content. As breeding efforts have increased oil content, there has been a concomitant decrease in pericarp thickness. One breeding goal is to improve oil content while preserving pericarp strength through genetic mechanisms independent of the tradeoffs with pericarp thickness. To determine the genetic basis of oil content, pericarp strength, and thickness, we identified QTL in two populations: the Sunflower Association Mapping panel (Mandel et al. in Theor Appl Genet 123:693-704, 2011) and a recombinant inbred line (RIL) population derived from a thin pericarp oilseed inbred (HA 467) crossed to a thick pericarp open-pollinated variety from Türkiye (PI 170415). A region on chromosome 15 was associated with neighboring QTL for banded moth resistance, oil content, and pericarp thickness, partially underlying the trade-offs among these traits. Additional QTL on chromosome 5 and 14 for pericarp strength provide fewer trade-offs with oil content. QTL for pericarp strength on chromosome 5 and pericarp thickness on chromosome 16 were associated with large structural variants on chromosome 5 and putative structural variation on chromosome 16, with candidate gene presence/absence variation between the haplotypes on chromosome 5. Understanding the origin and nature of phenotypic tradeoffs is beneficial to plant biologists and sunflower breeders as they seek to understand the origin and genetic architecture of adaptive and maladaptive traits.</p>","PeriodicalId":22955,"journal":{"name":"Theoretical and Applied Genetics","volume":"138 7","pages":"173"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144565321","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Breeding perspectives on tackling trait genome-to-phenome (G2P) dimensionality using ensemble-based genomic prediction.","authors":"Mark Cooper, Shunichiro Tomura, Melanie J Wilkinson, Owen Powell, Carlos D Messina","doi":"10.1007/s00122-025-04960-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00122-025-04960-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Key message: </strong>Trait Genome-to-Phenome (G2P) dimensionality and \"breeding context\" combine to influence the realised prediction skill of different whole genome prediction (WGP) methods. Theory and empirical evidence both suggest there is likely to be \"No Free Lunch\" for prediction-based breeding. Ensembles of diverse sets of G2P models provide a framework to expose and investigate the high G2P dimensionality of trait genetic architecture for WGP applications. Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning (AI-ML) prediction algorithms contribute novel trait G2P model diversity to ensemble-based WGP. Prediction-based breeding leveraging ensembles of G2P models creates new opportunities to identify and design novel paths for genetic gain. Improving our understanding of trait genetic architecture is motivated by creating new opportunities to enhance breeding methodology, create new selection trajectories for crop improvement, and accelerate rates of genetic gain. With access to high-throughput sequencing, phenotyping and envirotyping technologies we can model the complex multidimensional relationships between sequence variation and trait phenotypic variation that are under the influences of selection. Using the framework of the diversity prediction theorem, we consider applications of ensembles of diverse trait genome-to-phenome (G2P) models. Crop growth models (CGM) are an example of a hierarchical framework for studying the influences of quantitative trait loci (QTL) within trait networks and their interactions with different environments to determine yield. Hybrid CGM-G2P models combine elements of CGMs, to understand how trait networks influence crop yield performance, with trait G2P models, to understand influences of trait genetic architecture on selection trajectories. We discuss hybrid CGM-G2P models and their potential applications to enhance ensemble-based prediction. Multi-environment trials conducted across breeding cycles can be designed to include contrasting environments to expose the different CGM-G2P dimensions of the trait by environment interactions that are influential on selection trajectories. Artificial intelligence and machine learning (AI-ML) algorithms can be applied as components of ensembles to improve gene discovery and quantification of allele effects for traits to enhance G2P prediction applications. We use the trait flowering time in the maize TeoNAM experiment to illustrate and motivate further investigations of how to leverage ensembles of G2P models for prediction-based breeding.</p>","PeriodicalId":22955,"journal":{"name":"Theoretical and Applied Genetics","volume":"138 7","pages":"172"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12229274/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144561233","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessing and mining grain amaranth diversity for sustainable cropping systems.","authors":"Markus G Stetter, Dinesh C Joshi, Akanksha Singh","doi":"10.1007/s00122-025-04940-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00122-025-04940-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Global challenges and new demands require adaptation of cropping systems. Plant genetic diversity can contribute to adapt and improve crops and create more sustainable agricultural systems. In order to harness this diversity, a unified framework that combines genomic, ecological, and geographical approaches is needed for targeted conservation efforts and breeding strategies. In this review, we discuss the potential of genetic diversity to improve the nutritious and resilient pseudocereal grain amaranth. We emphasize on the utilization of within crop diversity and crop wild relatives. We discuss the impact of hybridization and introgression in facilitating the exchange of genetic material between wild and cultivated amaranth, highlighting their significance in broadening the crop's genetic base. Additionally, we focus on utilization of climate distribution models in predicting the future geographic ranges and their suitability with implications for conservation and future sustainability. We aim to suggest a roadmap for leveraging genetic diversity of underutilized crops to contribute to resilient and sustainable cropping systems in a changing climate.</p>","PeriodicalId":22955,"journal":{"name":"Theoretical and Applied Genetics","volume":"138 7","pages":"171"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12226704/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144554950","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The genetic architecture of temperature-induced partial fertility restoration in A₁ cytoplasm in sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench).","authors":"D R Jordan, R R Klein, J Melonek, I Small, A Cruickshank, L Bradburn, S Malory, Y Tao, A Hathorn, C H Hunt, L T Amenu, E S Mace","doi":"10.1007/s00122-025-04946-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00122-025-04946-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Key message: </strong>High-temperature-induced partial fertility in CMS sorghum is controlled by multiple genes that are distinct from genes involved in fertility restoration, contributing to reduced diversity in elite females. Cytoplasmic male sterility (CMS) is used for commercial production of hybrid seed in sorghum. CMS-based hybrid breeding systems require female parental lines (CMS lines) to remain male sterile to prevent self-pollination and enable cross-pollination to generate hybrid seed. However, genetic and environmental factors can lead to the loss of male sterility in the pollen-accepting female parent, resulting in the production of contaminating non-hybrid seeds through self-fertilization with large economic consequences. It is known that high temperatures around flowering time induce sterility breakdown, or partial fertility; however, the genetic control of this phenomenon is poorly understood. To investigate the molecular processes controlling sterility breakdown, a large association mapping population of elite CMS parental lines was used to map the genomic regions controlling partial fertility. In this study, we used genome-wide association studies on a panel of 2049 sorghum lines grown in six field trials at Emerald Queensland representing six different environments. The seed planting was set up in such a way that flowering corresponded with the hottest part of the year. In total 43 significant SNPs were identified, indicating that the trait is controlled by multiple genes; however, previously identified major genes for fertility restoration were not the main cause of partial fertility. Diversity and linkage disequilibrium decay patterns in separate elite male and CMS pools also indicated the constraints on genetic diversity within the female parents due to partial fertility, rather than the frequency of the previously identified major fertility restoration genes. The understanding of the control of sterility breakdown provides new avenues for trait introgression in elite female pools.</p>","PeriodicalId":22955,"journal":{"name":"Theoretical and Applied Genetics","volume":"138 7","pages":"170"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12222369/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144544966","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cytological and genetic analyses of the seed number per silique locus BnSNSC09 in Brassica napus.","authors":"Wenhao Shen, Tanglingdian He, Jinxiang Gao, Pei Qin, Kaining Hu, Jing Wen, Bin Yi, Chaozhi Ma, Jinxiong Shen, Tingdong Fu, Jinxing Tu","doi":"10.1007/s00122-025-04957-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00122-025-04957-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Key message: </strong>The rapeseed material 'DH46' had an extremely low-SNS phenotype due to multiple megaspore mother cells in ovules. A novel SNS-related locus was mapped to a 169-kb interval on chromosome C09. Seed number per silique (SNS) is a yield-related trait in rapeseed (Brassica napus). Although numerous quantitative trait loci associated with SNS have been identified in diverse rapeseed populations, the primary loci and genetic basis underlying SNS variation remain poorly understood. In this study, an extremely low-SNS material named 'DH46' was employed to investigate the genetic locus associated with SNS. Cytological studies revealed that the reduced SNS phenotype is attributable to the presence of multiple megaspore mother cells within the ovules. To dissect the genetic control of this trait, a BC₃F₄ population developed from the cross of 'DH46' and the cultivar 'ZS11' was analyzed, and a major locus BnSNSC09 acting as a semi-dominant factor associated with SNS was identified. Fine mapping in the BC₃F₆ population narrowed the causal region to a 169-kb interval on chromosome C09. Candidate gene analysis revealed that BnaC09G0288500ZS, which exhibits variants in promoter and coding sequences, was the most promising candidate gene for BnSNSC09. These findings establish a robust foundation for cytological investigations and genetic analyses of the low-SNS mutant 'DH46,' with the ultimate goal of preventing ovule abortion and enhancing SNS to develop higher-yielding rapeseed varieties.</p>","PeriodicalId":22955,"journal":{"name":"Theoretical and Applied Genetics","volume":"138 7","pages":"168"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144544964","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}