The Lancet最新文献

{"title":"Department of Error","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/s0140-6736(25)00687-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s0140-6736(25)00687-7","url":null,"abstract":"<em>Castells A, Quintero E, Bujanda L, et al. Effect of invitation to colonoscopy versus faecal immunochemical test screening on colorectal cancer mortality (COLONPREV): a pragmatic, randomised, controlled, non-inferiority trial.</em> Lancet <em>2025; <strong>405:</strong> 1231–39</em>—In this Article, the affiliations for Cristina Hernández and Rodrigo Jover have been corrected and María Beso-Delgado should have been included in the COLONPREV study investigators. These corrections have been made to the online version as of April 10, 2025, and the printed version is correct.","PeriodicalId":22898,"journal":{"name":"The Lancet","volume":"4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143819602","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Measles: the urgent need for global immunisation and preparedness","authors":"Krutika Kuppalli, Saad B Omer","doi":"10.1016/s0140-6736(25)00675-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s0140-6736(25)00675-0","url":null,"abstract":"No Abstract","PeriodicalId":22898,"journal":{"name":"The Lancet","volume":"91 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143806504","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Accelerating domestic investments to end AIDS in Africa","authors":"Michel Sidibe, Thabo Cecil Makgoba, Bishop Paul, Barbara Brilliant, Joshua H K Banda, Martha Sichone Cameron, Nelson Makanda, Vuyelwa Sidile Chitimbire, Gibstar Makangila, Nkatha Njeru, Esther Mombo","doi":"10.1016/s0140-6736(25)00685-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s0140-6736(25)00685-3","url":null,"abstract":"No Abstract","PeriodicalId":22898,"journal":{"name":"The Lancet","volume":"37 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143797864","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Protecting Africa's children from extreme risk: a runway of sustainability for PEPFAR programmes","authors":"Lucie Cluver, Gibstar Makangila, Susan Hillis, Joel-Pascal Ntwali-N'Konzi, Seth Flaxman, Juliette Unwin, Jeffrey W Imai-Eaton, Vuyelwa Chtimbire, Lorraine Sherr, Jane Ng'ang'a, Chris Desmond, Elona Toska, Olayinka Omigbodun, Oliver Ratmann, Galen Carey, Mary Mahy, Brian Honermann, John Stover","doi":"10.1016/s0140-6736(25)00401-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s0140-6736(25)00401-5","url":null,"abstract":"PEPFAR (President's Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief), a landmark US foreign health policy, is recognised for saving 26 million lives from HIV. PEPFAR investments have also had life-saving impacts for children across sub-Saharan Africa through childhood HIV prevention, care, and treatment, ensuring 7·8 million babies were born HIV-free, supporting 13 million orphaned and vulnerable children, and protecting 10·3 million girls from sexual abuse. In this Health Policy, we review data from UNAIDS, UNICEF, World Bank, Violence Against Children Surveys, SPECTRUM model data, and Population-based HIV Impact Assessments; synthesise PEPFAR reports; conduct in-depth interviews; search PubMed for programme effectiveness evidence; and review economic reports. PEPFAR support is associated with substantial collateral benefits for the USA and Africa, including a four-fold increase in export of US goods to Africa, and US$71·6 billion in total goods trade between the USA and Africa in 2024. PEPFAR-supported countries in Africa are committed to ownership of HIV responses by 2030—overall, PEPFAR-supported countries in sub-Saharan Africa have progressively increased their co-financing of their health systems through domestic government and private expenditure from $13·7 billion per year in 2004 to $42·6 billion per year in 2021. The feasibility of a 5-year transition to country-led sustainability is supported by evidence of innovative cost-saving models of delivery, including through faith-based and community-based organisations, and high return-on-investment for PEPFAR programmes. There are also collateral benefits of PEPFAR for US and Africa national security and health security, for example, reducing forced migration and increasing capacity to control emerging transborder infectious disease threats. Risks in sub-Saharan Africa remain acute: one in five girls (younger than 18 years) experience rape or sexual assault; one in ten children (younger than 18 years) are orphaned; and a child (younger than 15 years) is estimated to die from AIDS every 7 min. Without continued PEPFAR programmes, models predict that by 2030, an additional 1 million children will become infected with HIV, 0·5 million additional children will die of AIDS, and 2·8 million children will additionally become orphaned by AIDS. There is now an opportunity for a transformational partnership between the USA and Africa, to accelerate domestic government co-financing, private-sector investments, and charitable foundations. A 5-year progressive runway of transition can occur through continued authorisation of PEPFAR programmes, which can lead to the end of AIDS for children and families, an historic achievement.","PeriodicalId":22898,"journal":{"name":"The Lancet","volume":"96 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143797866","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Gender and global health: going, going, but not gone","authors":"Sarah Hawkes, Raewyn Connell, Jocalyn Clark, Jeni Klugman, Gary L Darmstadt, Erica Nelson, Amy Chiaying Hsieh, Elhadj As Sy, Gary Barker, Beniamino Cislaghi, Kent Buse","doi":"10.1016/s0140-6736(25)00617-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s0140-6736(25)00617-8","url":null,"abstract":"No Abstract","PeriodicalId":22898,"journal":{"name":"The Lancet","volume":"74 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143789686","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Elhadj As Sy: global health leader and advocate for gender justice","authors":"Udani Samarasekera","doi":"10.1016/s0140-6736(25)00633-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s0140-6736(25)00633-6","url":null,"abstract":"No Abstract","PeriodicalId":22898,"journal":{"name":"The Lancet","volume":"89 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143789990","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Standing up for gender justice","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/s0140-6736(25)00679-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s0140-6736(25)00679-8","url":null,"abstract":"No Abstract","PeriodicalId":22898,"journal":{"name":"The Lancet","volume":"108 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143789687","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Raewyn Connell: influential gender theorist","authors":"Tony Kirby","doi":"10.1016/s0140-6736(25)00591-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s0140-6736(25)00591-4","url":null,"abstract":"No Abstract","PeriodicalId":22898,"journal":{"name":"The Lancet","volume":"23 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143789689","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Achieving gender justice for global health equity: the Lancet Commission on gender and global health","authors":"Sarah Hawkes, Elhadj As Sy, Gary Barker, Frances Elaine Baum, Kent Buse, Angela Y Chang, Beniamino Cislaghi, Jocalyn Clark, Raewyn Connell, Morna Cornell, Gary L Darmstadt, Carmen Simone Grilo Diniz, Sharon Friel, Indrani Gupta, Sofia Gruskin, Sarah Hill, Amy Chiaying Hsieh, Renu Khanna, Jeni Klugman, Aaron Koay, Virginia Zarulli","doi":"10.1016/s0140-6736(25)00488-x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s0140-6736(25)00488-x","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;h2&gt;Section snippets&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;section&gt;&lt;section&gt;&lt;h2&gt;Executive summary&lt;/h2&gt;Achieving gender justice in global health—which we define as encompassing the realisation of universal rights in relation to health equity and gender equality, while also addressing the drivers of gender-based discrimination and exclusion—would yield positive benefits for all people by improving health outcomes, reducing health inequities, and ensuring more inclusive and equitable global health workplaces and workforce governance. Despite these potential benefits, gender has become a divisive&lt;/section&gt;&lt;/section&gt;&lt;section&gt;&lt;section&gt;&lt;h2&gt;Part 1: Challenging entrenched biases in understandings of sex and gender in global health&lt;/h2&gt;Global health as a field exhibits three persistent biases in relation to gender that have resulted in misunderstanding and in misdirection of action. In this part, we set out these biases and present alternative evidence and framing in recognition of the fact that how gender and health are defined and expressed has implications for how change is directed in policy and practice.&lt;/section&gt;&lt;/section&gt;&lt;section&gt;&lt;section&gt;&lt;h2&gt;Part 2: Towards comprehensive understandings of gender, gender justice, and global health&lt;/h2&gt;One commonly held view treats gender as a direct expression of bodily difference. Human bodies are generally specialised as female or male in reproductive function, and some genetic and anatomical differences and bodily processes (eg, the menstrual cycle) are associated with this specialisation. Although health services seek to address the health concerns of all people, bodily differences are generally addressed by specialised fields of women's health (which is often focused on obstetric and&lt;/section&gt;&lt;/section&gt;&lt;section&gt;&lt;section&gt;&lt;h2&gt;Part 3: The history of a global field—colonialism, imperialism, and beyond&lt;/h2&gt;The history of gender and global health is entangled with the history of empires, colonialism, capitalism, imperialism, and the global economy. These histories have a deep and continuing influence on the global health sector, including how gender is framed, understood, acted upon, and contested within global health spaces. Our review of these histories builds on two parallel processes of research, which were necessarily limited in scope because of the constraints of the Commission format. The&lt;/section&gt;&lt;/section&gt;&lt;section&gt;&lt;section&gt;&lt;h2&gt;Part 4: Power, and how power is wielded to oppose gender justice&lt;/h2&gt;How can the contestations and divisions in the global health system be overcome to achieve a shared vision of gender justice for health? To identify strategies and pathways towards progress, paying attention to power is essential: what power means, how it is distributed, how it is used to shape views and actions, how powerful forces contest progress towards gender equality, and how power can be used to fight back.Power in its various guises has been used to shape social, economic, and political&lt;/section&gt;&lt;/section&gt;&lt;section&gt;&lt;section&gt;&lt;h2&gt;Part 5: Knowled","PeriodicalId":22898,"journal":{"name":"The Lancet","volume":"59 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143789688","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tuberculosis: a threat to health security in the European region and the collective actions needed","authors":"Hans Henri P Kluge","doi":"10.1016/s0140-6736(25)00677-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s0140-6736(25)00677-4","url":null,"abstract":"No Abstract","PeriodicalId":22898,"journal":{"name":"The Lancet","volume":"23 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143797902","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}