The Lancet Oncology最新文献

{"title":"Cancer took centre stage at the World Health Assembly","authors":"Paul Adepoju","doi":"10.1016/s1470-2045(25)00337-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s1470-2045(25)00337-7","url":null,"abstract":"No Abstract","PeriodicalId":22865,"journal":{"name":"The Lancet Oncology","volume":"52 5 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144183744","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The BREAKING-ICE App: an interactive journey into informative censoring","authors":"Timothée Olivier, Alyson Haslam, Vinay Prasad","doi":"10.1016/s1470-2045(24)00722-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s1470-2045(24)00722-8","url":null,"abstract":"No Abstract","PeriodicalId":22865,"journal":{"name":"The Lancet Oncology","volume":"134 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144165384","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"National cancer control plans in Latin America and the Caribbean: challenges and future directions","authors":"Cynthia Villarreal-Garza, Alejandro Aranda-Gutierrez, David G Gonzalez-Sanchez, Camila Bragança-Xavier, Gabriela Negrete-Tobar, Yanin Chavarri-Guerra, Alejandro Mohar, Carlos Barrios, Anelisa Coutinho, Ahmedin Jamal, Hedvig Hricak, Patrick Loehrer, Fabio Ynoe Moraes, Raúl Murillo","doi":"10.1016/s1470-2045(25)00039-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s1470-2045(25)00039-7","url":null,"abstract":"In this Policy Review, we examine cancer incidence and mortality rates across Latin America and the Caribbean, focusing on national cancer control plans (NCCPs) as frameworks for reducing the cancer burden in the region. By 2022, only 16 countries had active NCCPs, with eight being cancer specific and eight being integrated into public health plans. Our analysis found that dedicated NCCPs were linked to reduced cancer incidence but not reduced mortality. Broader socioeconomic indicators, such as universal health coverage and a higher Human Development Index, were more strongly associated with improved cancer outcomes, including reduced mortality-to-incidence ratios. Prevention measures such as cervical cancer screening and compliance with WHO's MPOWER tobacco control strategies also reduced cancer incidence, underscoring the importance of public health policies. However, challenges including insufficient cancer registries, underfunding, and health-care inequities hinder NCCP implementation. Addressing these gaps requires sustainable registries, regional evaluation frameworks, global collaboration, and stronger political commitment to ensure the success of NCCPs.","PeriodicalId":22865,"journal":{"name":"The Lancet Oncology","volume":"244 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144165501","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optimism in the face of adversity","authors":"Daniel Mellor","doi":"10.1016/s1470-2045(25)00004-x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s1470-2045(25)00004-x","url":null,"abstract":"No Abstract","PeriodicalId":22865,"journal":{"name":"The Lancet Oncology","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144165339","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Young-PEARL trial: paradoxical results of overall survival","authors":"Wenjin Yin, Pinxuan Zhu, Jinsong Lu","doi":"10.1016/s1470-2045(25)00264-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s1470-2045(25)00264-5","url":null,"abstract":"No Abstract","PeriodicalId":22865,"journal":{"name":"The Lancet Oncology","volume":"5 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144165336","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Young-PEARL trial: paradoxical results of overall survival – Authors' reply","authors":"Hee Kyung Ahn, Seonwoo Kim, Yeon Hee Park","doi":"10.1016/s1470-2045(25)00289-x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s1470-2045(25)00289-x","url":null,"abstract":"No Abstract","PeriodicalId":22865,"journal":{"name":"The Lancet Oncology","volume":"49 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144165346","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Combination of encorafenib and binimetinib followed by ipilimumab and nivolumab versus ipilimumab and nivolumab in patients with advanced melanoma with BRAFV600E or BRAFV600K mutations (EBIN): an international, open-label, randomised, controlled, phase 2 study","authors":"Caroline Robert, Michal Kicinski, Caroline Dutriaux, Émilie Routier, Anne-Sophie Govaerts, Emanuel Bührer, Eve-Marie Neidhardt, Xavier Durando, Barouyr Baroudjian, Philippe Saiag, Caroline Gaudy-Marqueste, Paolo A Ascierto, Ana Arance, Michelangelo Russillo, Jean-Luc Perrot, Laurent Mortier, Francois Aubin, Stéphane Dalle, Florent Grange, Eva Muñoz-Couselo, Alexander C J van Akkooi","doi":"10.1016/s1470-2045(25)00133-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s1470-2045(25)00133-0","url":null,"abstract":"<h3>Background</h3>Current first-line treatment for patients with metastatic melanoma with <em>BRAF</em><sup>V600E</sup> or <em>BRAF</em><sup>V600K</sup> mutations includes immunotherapy with immune checkpoint inhibitors and targeted therapy; however, the optimal sequencing of these treatments is unclear. We aimed to investigate the use of a targeted-therapy induction regimen before treatment with immune checkpoint inhibitors.<h3>Methods</h3>This open-label, randomised, controlled, phase 2 trial (EBIN) was conducted at 37 centres in eight European countries. Eligible patients were 18 years or older and had previously untreated, unresectable, stage III or IV melanoma with <em>BRAF</em><sup>V600E</sup> or <em>BRAF</em><sup>V600K</sup> mutations and an Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status of 0 or 1. Patients were randomly assigned (1:1) to one of two groups. Those in the induction group received targeted therapy (oral encorafenib 450 mg once a day plus oral binimetinib 45 mg twice a day for 12 weeks) followed by immune checkpoint inhibitors (intravenous nivolumab 3 mg/kg plus intravenous ipilimumab 1 mg/kg once every 3 weeks for four doses, followed by intravenous nivolumab 480 mg once every 4 weeks until unacceptable toxicity, disease progression, or 2 years of treatment). Patients in the control group received immune checkpoint inhibitors as above without any induction targeted therapy. Randomisation was conducted using a minimisation technique and was stratified by centre and a variable defined using stage and lactate dehydrogenase activity. The primary outcome was progression-free survival in the intention-to-treat population. Safety was assessed in all patients who initiated the protocol treatment. In this Article we report the primary analysis. The study is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT03235245, and is ongoing.<h3>Findings</h3>Between Nov 12, 2018, and July 11, 2022, 271 patients were randomly assigned: 136 to the induction group and 135 to the control group. 103 (38%) patients were female, 168 (62%) were male, and the median age was 55 years (IQR 43–66). The median follow-up time was 21 months (IQR 13–33). There was no evidence of a longer progression-free survival in the induction group than in the control group (hazard ratio 0·87, 90% CI 0·67–1·12; p=0·36). The median progression-free survival was 9 months (95% CI 7–13) in the induction group and 9 months (5–14) in the control group. Grade 3–5 treatment-related adverse events occurred in 57 (42%) of 136 patients who started treatment in the induction group and in 42 (32%) of 131 patients who started treatment in the control group. The most common grade 3–4 treatment-related adverse event was hepatitis (17 [13%] of 136 patients in the induction group and nine [7%] of 131 patients in the control group). Serious treatment-related adverse events occurred in 45 (33%) of 136 patients in the induction group and 33 (25%) of 131 patients in the control group. There were th","PeriodicalId":22865,"journal":{"name":"The Lancet Oncology","volume":"243 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144165561","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enfortumab vedotin plus pembrolizumab versus chemotherapy in patients with previously untreated locally advanced or metastatic urothelial cancer (EV-302): patient-reported outcomes from an open-label, randomised, controlled, phase 3 study","authors":"Shilpa Gupta, Yohann Loriot, Michiel S Van der Heijden, Jens Bedke, Begoña P Valderrama, Eiji Kikuchi, Aude Fléchon, Daniel Petrylak, Maria De Santis, Matthew D Galsky, Jae Lyun Lee, Umang Swami, Srikala S Sridhar, Ugo De Giorgi, Phoebe Wright, Vanessa Shih, Yi-Tsung Lu, Xuesong Guan, Ryan Dillon, Aditya Shetty, Thomas Powles","doi":"10.1016/s1470-2045(25)00158-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s1470-2045(25)00158-5","url":null,"abstract":"<h3>Background</h3>In the ongoing EV-302 trial, first-line enfortumab vedotin plus pembrolizumab improved progression-free survival and overall survival versus platinum-based chemotherapy in patients with locally advanced or metastatic urothelial cancer. Patient-reported outcomes (PROs) from EV-302 are reported here.<h3>Methods</h3>EV-302 was a phase 3, open-label, two-group, randomised global study to evaluate the combination of enfortumab vedotin plus pembrolizumab versus standard-of-care platinum-based chemotherapy (gemcitabine with cisplatin or carboplatin) in patients with previously untreated locally advanced or metastatic urothelial cancer. The study was done at 185 clinical sites in 25 countries. Eligible patients were aged 18 years and older with unresectable untreated locally advanced or metastatic urothelial cancer, were eligible for platinum-based chemotherapy, and had an Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status of 2 or less. Patients were randomly assigned (1:1) to receive either enfortumab vedotin (1·25 mg/kg, intravenously) on days 1 and 8 of 3-week cycles plus pembrolizumab (200 mg, intravenously) on day 1 of each cycle; or platinum-based chemotherapy consisting of gemcitabine (1000 mg/m<sup>2</sup>, intravenously) on days 1 and 8 of each cycle plus either cisplatin (70 mg/m<sup>2</sup>) or carboplatin (area under the curve [AUC] 4·5 or 5·0 according to local guidelines) on day 1 of each 3-week cycle for up to six cycles using interactive response technology. Randomisation was stratified by cisplatin eligibility, PD-L1 expression status, and presence or absence of liver metastases. The dual primary endpoints of progression-free survival and overall survival in patients with locally advanced or metastatic urothelial cancer have been reported previously. Here, we report additional, protocol-prespecified secondary endpoint data, and statistical analysis plan-prespecified descriptive endpoints assessing patient quality of life (QOL). These endpoints related to patient functioning and symptoms and were assessed using two PRO questionnaires: the Brief Pain Inventory-Short Form (BPI-SF) and the European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Questionnaire Core 30 (EORTC QLQ-C30). The PRO full analysis set comprised patients who received study treatment and completed at least one baseline PRO questionnaire. The BPI-SF and the EORTC QLQ-C30 were completed at baseline, weekly for 12 weeks, at week 14, then every 3 weeks during follow-up. Time to pain progression and mean change from baseline in BPI-SF worst pain at week 26 were protocol-prespecified secondary endpoints tested by the hierarchical gatekeeping strategy. Mean change from baseline to week 26 in EORTC QLQ-C30 and BPI-SF scale scores were analysed descriptively. The trial is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT04223856.<h3>Findings</h3>At data cutoff on Aug 8, 2023, 886 patients were enrolled in the study, with a median duration of follow","PeriodicalId":22865,"journal":{"name":"The Lancet Oncology","volume":"128 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144165573","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Promoting sustainability in oncology care: an international call to legalise the redispensing of unused oral anticancer drugs with quality assurance protocols","authors":"Elisabeth Smale, Sidsel Arnspang Pedersen, Anne Suhr Thykjær Petersen, Lene Juel Kjeldsen, Sharon Pfleger, Mathilde Jalving, Nicolette Sammut Bartolo, Gwenaelle Gravis, Marit Geiberger, Frédéric Benizri, Pieter-Jan Cortoos, Bart van den Bemt, Charlotte Bekker","doi":"10.1016/s1470-2045(25)00201-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s1470-2045(25)00201-3","url":null,"abstract":"No Abstract","PeriodicalId":22865,"journal":{"name":"The Lancet Oncology","volume":"36 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144165335","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Misunderstood trial design: randomisation compels comparison","authors":"Alexander D Sherry, Bora Lim, Ethan B Ludmir, Pavlos Msaouel","doi":"10.1016/s1470-2045(25)00166-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s1470-2045(25)00166-4","url":null,"abstract":"No Abstract","PeriodicalId":22865,"journal":{"name":"The Lancet Oncology","volume":"25 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144165347","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}