ΣΧΟΛΗ. Ancient Philosophy and the Classical Tradition最新文献

{"title":"The moral ideal of freedom: slavery and wage labor in antiquity","authors":"I. Larionov, V. Semenov, V. Perov","doi":"10.25205/1995-4328-2019-13-2-627-636","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25205/1995-4328-2019-13-2-627-636","url":null,"abstract":"This paper discusses the relation of the concepts of slavery and wage labor in classical antiquity. The authors emphasize the dependence of this relation on the conception of a free citizen with the moral ideal of freedom at its center. The article attempts to provide a new explanation of the essence of classical slavery, which takes into account the ethical attitudes of ancient society. As the main thesis, it has been proved that according to the moral ideal of a free person in antiquity, hired labor was more despised than slavery.","PeriodicalId":228501,"journal":{"name":"ΣΧΟΛΗ. Ancient Philosophy and the Classical Tradition","volume":"42 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133702043","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"ἔργα Λήμνια: the mythological original and its copy?","authors":"Valerij Goušchin","doi":"10.25205/1995-4328-2021-15-2-825-843","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25205/1995-4328-2021-15-2-825-843","url":null,"abstract":"\"Lemnian Deeds\" is a well-known literary and mythological topic. It includes two events: 1) the murder of the husbands and all the men of the island by the Lemnian women; 2) the killing of the Athenian women and their children by the Pelasgians. Researchers have long noticed the affinity of these events. Some scholars believe that the narration of the crime of the Pelasgians was created according to its Lemnian prototype. Or, to put in other way, one of the events became a kind of copy for the other. This paper provides a different interpretation to the noted similarity.","PeriodicalId":228501,"journal":{"name":"ΣΧΟΛΗ. Ancient Philosophy and the Classical Tradition","volume":"33 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128583246","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Early Christian Hagiography in the late 20-early 21 century: Results of the Study and Prospects","authors":"A. Panteleev","doi":"10.25205/1995-4328-2022-16-1-341-359","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25205/1995-4328-2022-16-1-341-359","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of the article is to give an overview of the main trends in the study of Early Christian Martyrdoms of the 2–4 centuries in modern science. The first part enumerates new editions of hagiographic texts. The second part analyzes modern studies that touch upon such topics as the genesis of early Christian martyrdom, psychoanalytic approaches to this phenomenon, the role of martyrdom in the formation of the historical memory of Christians, hagiographic works in the context of Roman spectacles, the Second sophistry and ancient rhetoric, and other methods of studying these texts.","PeriodicalId":228501,"journal":{"name":"ΣΧΟΛΗ. Ancient Philosophy and the Classical Tradition","volume":"33 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115197252","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Homonyms, synonyms and paronyms in the logic and grammar of Late Antiquity","authors":"D. Chernoglazov","doi":"10.25205/1995-4328-2022-16-1-191-217","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25205/1995-4328-2022-16-1-191-217","url":null,"abstract":"The subject of this article is the interpretation of the concepts “homonym”, “synonym” and “paronym” in the logic and grammatical theory of the Late Ancient / early Byzantine period (3rd–6th c.). Within the framework of the logical tradition, the theory of homonymy, synonymy and paronymy is developed, first of all, in the commentaries to Aristotle’s “Categories” written by Porphyry, Ammonius, Simplicius, etc., within the framework of grammatical theory – in the “Art of Grammar” by Dionysius of Thrace and its Byzantine scholia to it. Analysis of these texts shows that both disciplines paid great attention to these concepts: they were embedded in a broader terminological context; their definitions were refined and detailed; various methods of classification of homonyms and paronyms were developed. Many issues have been the subject of controversy and disagreement, for example, the problem of the relationship between metaphor, analogy and homonymy, or the methods of classification of homonyms. Significant disagreements persisted between the two disciplines: from the point of view of grammar and logic, all three concepts were interpreted differently, but the interpretation of synonymy differed most clearly. Contemporaries were aware of these contradictions between logic and grammar, noted and analyzed them.","PeriodicalId":228501,"journal":{"name":"ΣΧΟΛΗ. Ancient Philosophy and the Classical Tradition","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115291387","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Calcidius on Demons: Fragments of the Commentarius on Plato’s Timaeus (A Translation and Notes)","authors":"","doi":"10.25205/1995-4328-2023-17-2-1109-1121","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25205/1995-4328-2023-17-2-1109-1121","url":null,"abstract":"The publication presents a commented Russian translation of chapters 120 and 127–136 from Calcidius’ Commentarius on Plato’s Timaeus dealing with demonology, a most important part of philosophical knowledge in the eyes of Neoplatonic thinkers. We know virtually nothing about Calcidius, neither the dates of his lifespan, nor the place where he lived and worked. Even his name has become debatable recently: Chalcidius or Calcidius. Meanwhile, his principal (and only) work, a Latin translation of Plato’s Timaeus accompanied by a detailed commentary, has become the most important link in the transmission of Plato’s legacy from Antiquity to the medieval Latin West. Up to the twelfth-century turning point and the rise of the School of Chartres, the reception of Plato in the West was channeled almost exclusively through Calcidius’s work. His translation of the Timaeus, which occupies pages 17a–92c in the Corpus Platonicum, carries on only up to page 57c; another translation of the Timaeus, which has been accessible in the Latin West, belonged to Cicero, and was even more abridged (pages 27d–47b with omissions); nevertheless, it was Cicero’s translation that St. Augustine (354–430) used, unaware, it would seem, of Calcidius’ work. The most probable dating of our author seems to be the 4th – the beginning of the 5th century AD. Calcidius reveals himself as an author in his own right, who had not only accomplished the serious job of translating philosophical terminology from Greek into Latin, but also contributed to the development of the genre of commentary, and so deserves to be studied not only as a transmitter of knowledge from Antiquity to the Middle Ages. The Russian translation is based on the standard Jan Hendrik Waszink’s edition (1975), taking into account more recent editions by C. Moreschini (2003), B. Bakhouche (2011), and J. Magee (2016), which are accompanied by translations into modern European languages; the chronological density of these publications testifies to the undoubtable surge of interest in Calcidius’ work in the last few decades.","PeriodicalId":228501,"journal":{"name":"ΣΧΟΛΗ. Ancient Philosophy and the Classical Tradition","volume":"54 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126803625","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Modulation and the underlying assumptions of the Pythagorean ban against eating broad beans","authors":"Miguel López‐Astorga","doi":"10.25205/1995-4328-2023-17-1-29-44","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25205/1995-4328-2023-17-1-29-44","url":null,"abstract":"This paper tries to show that the theory of mental models describes deep mental processes that have to be assumed even by frameworks contrary to it. It has been argued that many explanations on certain cognitive activities different from that provided by the theory of mental models cannot ignore theses of this last approach. Those theses are related to the way the human mind interprets linguistic information and makes inferences. The main goal here is to give further evidence in this way by means of an analysis of a part of a fragment, authored by Diogenes Laërtius, about the Pythagorean ban against eating broad beans. The idea is to make it even more evident that any framework trying to account for how that part of the fragment can be understood by a reader needs to accept suppositions that characterize the theory of mental models.","PeriodicalId":228501,"journal":{"name":"ΣΧΟΛΗ. Ancient Philosophy and the Classical Tradition","volume":"391 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122784068","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Image and Negation: \"Proto-Apophatics\" and the problem of the typology of negativity in Hesiod's «Theogony»","authors":"A. Bogomolov","doi":"10.25205/1995-4328-2023-17-2-888-898","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25205/1995-4328-2023-17-2-888-898","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of this article is a historical and philosophical reconstruction of the problem of negativity in \"Theogony\". It is shown that negativity is not limited only to the doctrine of Chaos, since in the text of Hesiod there are other mythological images that are endowed with their apophatic characteristics. These include Erebus, Night, Tartarus, as well as \"limits and beginnings\". At the same time, Chaos certainly has a special status. Chaos generates other negative images – Night, Erebus. Consequently, the three mythological images are in genus-species relations, which means they are different types of negativity from each other. The \"beginnings and limits\", which also have their apophatic characteristics, are that which contains Chaos in itself. Consequently, Hesiod's myth contains not only an apophatic problematic, but there is an implicit difference in the understanding of negativity.","PeriodicalId":228501,"journal":{"name":"ΣΧΟΛΗ. Ancient Philosophy and the Classical Tradition","volume":"20 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122159228","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Heraclides of Pontus on poets and musicians","authors":"","doi":"10.25205/1995-4328-2020-14-2-742-755","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25205/1995-4328-2020-14-2-742-755","url":null,"abstract":"Heraclides of Pontus (c. 388–310 BCE), a Platonic philosopher, worked in various literary genres and wrote on such topics as psychology, politics, literature, history, geography, astronomy and the philosophy of nature. Nothing is preserved. The present publication contains a collection of the testimonies about Heraclides’ varied writings, dedicated to Greek cultural history, including literary and religious studies, and, in some details, musical history. The evidences are translated and numbered according to a new edition by Schütrumpf et al. 2008.","PeriodicalId":228501,"journal":{"name":"ΣΧΟΛΗ. Ancient Philosophy and the Classical Tradition","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131584789","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fondation de Qarthadasht en Afrique du Nord – comme problème dans les recherches sur la chronologie de la plus ancienne histoire de Carthage","authors":"Miron Wolny","doi":"10.25205/1995-4328-2022-16-1-88-99","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25205/1995-4328-2022-16-1-88-99","url":null,"abstract":"The author of the article tries to connect the observation of economic and trade relations developed by the Phoenicians in the western part of the Mediterranean with a reflection on the situation in which the Levant countries found themselves. It is known that in the period in which the founding of Carthage can be hypothetically located, the Phoenician centers were under political, economic and military pressure – mainly from Assyria – although other powers, such as Damascus, cannot be ruled out. On the other hand, however, it is known that, for example, in German science the lack of a founding act of Carthage in North Africa was emphasized, and the archaeological traces left in this territory seem insufficient to reconcile conventional literary relations with the founding of Carthage at the end of the 9th century BC. The intention of this article is an attempt to show the issues on the basis of which one should consider the reinterpretation of the events reported as the context of the founding of Carthage. This procedure would serve to revise the existing findings of science on the chronology of the founding of Qarthadasht and could, consequently, contribute to showing that the founding of Carthage fell on a later period - i.e. the end of the 8th or the beginning of the 7th century BCE.","PeriodicalId":228501,"journal":{"name":"ΣΧΟΛΗ. Ancient Philosophy and the Classical Tradition","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130383273","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Metamorphoses of Ancient Historical Tradition. The Battle at Marathon as a phenomenon of Athenians’ Social Memory","authors":"Valerij Goušchin","doi":"10.25205/1995-4328-2023-17-2-958-979","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25205/1995-4328-2023-17-2-958-979","url":null,"abstract":"The battle at Marathon was a significant event in the history of Athens. It is considered here as a phenomenon of social memory, as an event, whose memory was passed on to subsequent generations. Social memory is understood as the preservation and transmission of significant information. This was due to the construction of the trophies and war-dead memorials both at the site of the battle (places of memory) and beyond. At the same time, the preservation of the memory of the Marathon Battle followed by obvious distortions and exclusion of some significant elements from its description. That is what often called \"oblivion\" or forgetting. It is suggested here that in the process of storing and transmitting information, a certain system of images and representations (pattern) was developed, which determines its perception. The events that do not fit into this system (pattern) were not taken into account.","PeriodicalId":228501,"journal":{"name":"ΣΧΟΛΗ. Ancient Philosophy and the Classical Tradition","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121108164","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}