Al-Qadisiyah Journal for Engineering Sciences最新文献

{"title":"An experimental study of the thermal behavior of bricks integrated with PCM-capsules in building walls","authors":"Maryam Alaa Abdulhussein, A. Hashem","doi":"10.30772/qjes.v14i3.775","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30772/qjes.v14i3.775","url":null,"abstract":"Buildings are the major energy users and by 2035, they will be the fourth largest source of greenhouse gas emissions. Phase change materials (PCMs) are applied to shift the peak-load to the off-peak-load, positively effecting the efficiency of the building. In this paper, an experimental embedding of PCM (Paraffin) with bricks in conventional wall layers is carried out. The effect of this on the thermal diffusion of the inner surface of the wall is studied. Capsules are manufactured to fit the size of the holes inside the bricks and they are filled with Paraffin (147 kJ/kg latent heat, 38oC solidified and 43oC liquidised) and closed in a way that prevents leakage. Each brick contained two rows of holes (5 holes per row). Capsules are placed in the holes at a rate of 5 capsules per brick and 10 capsules per brick. Three wall samples are experimentally tested: traditional wall, wall containing 5 capsules/brick and a wall containing 10 capsules/brick. The indoor test with light intensity has been fixed on 900 W/m2 during the heating period for 4 hours and the remaining period of cooling. The temperature measured and recorded for the internal, external surfaces and the middle of the wall using K-type thermocouples and datalogger. The results indicated that, bricks wall with 10 PCM- capsules per brick reduced the heat flux by 34.17% compared with traditional wall sample, and energy stored 50% more than a wall with 5PCM-capsules per brick. The lowest temperature of the internal wall surface of sample 10 capsules per brick is recorded compared to the reference wall where the difference is more than 3°C.","PeriodicalId":227530,"journal":{"name":"Al-Qadisiyah Journal for Engineering Sciences","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130270454","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bending, Buckling and Vibration analysis of third order shear deformation nanoplate based on modified couple stress theory","authors":"Majid Eskandari Shahraki, M. Shariati, N. Asiaban, M. Beni, M. Zamani, J. E. Jam","doi":"10.30772/qjes.v14i3.734","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30772/qjes.v14i3.734","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper a third order shear deformation rectangular nanoplate with simply supported boundary conditions is developed for bending, buckling and vibration analysis. In order to consider the small-scale effects, the modified couple stress theory, with one length scale parameter, is used. The bending rates and dimensionless bending values under uniform surface traction and sinusoidal load, the dimensionless critical force under a uniaxial surface force in x direction and dimensionless frequencies are all obtained for various plate's dimensional ratios and material length scale to thickness ratios. The governing equations are numerically solved. The effect of material length scale, length, width and thickness of the nanoplate on the bending, buckling and vibration ratios are investigated and the results are presented and discussed in detail.","PeriodicalId":227530,"journal":{"name":"Al-Qadisiyah Journal for Engineering Sciences","volume":"23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129381069","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Catalytic Oxidative Desulfurization of Heavy Naphtha Fraction Over a PMN550 Catalyst, Reactivity and a Kinetic Model","authors":"Najm Abed Hamdan, M. A. Mutar","doi":"10.30772/qjes.v14i2.769","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30772/qjes.v14i2.769","url":null,"abstract":"Desulfurization of heavy naphtha by a catalytic oxidation process combining hydrogen peroxide with organic and inorganic acids and in the presence of a PMN550 catalyst. This study was conducted to find out the effect of many variables on the efficiency of the process, especially the effect of hydrogen peroxide, the amount of acid, temperature, residence time, weight of the catalyst (0.01-0.6) g, temperature (20-120) C, residence time (20-140) minutes, ratio hydrogen peroxide to heavy naphtha (0.1-0.6) ml and ratio acid to heavy naphtha (0.01-0.175) ml. The catalytic oxidation process depends on all of the above variables. Desulphurization of heavy naphtha using organic and inorganic oxidizers in combination with hydrogen peroxide, glacial acetic acid, phthalic acid, malic acid, sulfuric acid and formic acid. The maximum removal of sulfur was with sulfuric acid and formic acid, which are 50%, 55%, respectively. the catalytic oxidation process carried out In two steps: the first step was the catalytic oxidation at a moderate temperature and atmospheric pressure, and the second step was to extract the oxidized mixture with a methanol-water mixture. The efficiency of the catalytic oxidation process carried out in the presence of PMN550 reached 99%. The catalyst was manufactured in the laboratory and a set of catalyst tests were performed on it FT-IR, AFM, BET, XRD, and XRF, which It has proven its efficacy. Mathematical models of the relevant reactions were developed to match the experimental results by obtaining the optimal kinetic parameters. Using optimization methods, the maximum conversion rate was 99%, at a temperature of 90°C, a residence time 60 minutes and the initial concentration was 651.3ppm.","PeriodicalId":227530,"journal":{"name":"Al-Qadisiyah Journal for Engineering Sciences","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115260946","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Alternatives to enhance traffic conditions at U-turn sites","authors":"Zainab Ali Talib, Jalal Taqi AL-Obeadi","doi":"10.30772/qjes.v14i2.766","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30772/qjes.v14i2.766","url":null,"abstract":"Traffic simulation models play a major role in allowing traffic engineers to assess complex traffic situations such as U-turn section. Such models help in proposing solutions and proposing alternative scenarios without committing too many expensive resources and this models are necessary to implement alternative strategies in the field. Simulation traffic models can significantly improve the quality of road network planning and design in urban areas.  According to filed observation, the U-turn movement cause traffic congestion at both origin and distention (opposite) roads. This study introduces many alternatives to enhance the movement at U-turn section. These alternatives have been tested by using simulation models. The PTV VISSIM software is used to development the models. This development model has been calibrated and validated by using filed data collected from Al-Diwaniyah city, Iraq. \u0000References \u0000[1] Combinido, J.S.L. and Lim, M.T., \"Modeling U-turn traffic flow\", Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, Vol. 389, No. 17, (2010), 3640-3647. \u0000[2] Della, R. H., Hanafiah, Arliansyah, J., & Artiansyah, R. (2015). Traffic Performance Analysis of U-turn and Fly Over U-turn Scenario; A Case Study at Soekarno Hatta Road, Palembang, Indonesia. Procedia Engineering, 125, 461–466. doi: 10.1016/j.proeng.2015.11.123 \u0000 [3] Al-Obaedi, J., \"Investigation the effect of speed humps on merging time of u-turn traffic\", Ain Shams Engineering Journal, Vol. 10, No. 1, (2019), 1-4. \u0000[4] Al-Obaedi, J., \" Simulating the Effect of Speed Humps on the U-Turn Traffic\", international Journal of Engineering, Vol. 32, (2019), Pages 1773-1780. \u0000[5] Meel I, Satirasetthavee D, Kanitpong K, Brannolte U. The Optimal Design of UTurns on Thai Highways. Acta Technica Jaurinensis 2014;7(1):21–32. \u0000[6] Meel I, Brannolte U, Satirasetthavee D, Kanitpong K. Safety impact of application of auxiliary lanes at downstream locations of Thai U-turns. IATSS Research 2017;41(1):1–11. \u0000[7] Meel, I., \"The optimal design of u-turns on thai highways\", Acta Technica Jaurinensis, Vol. 7, No. 1, (2014), 21-32. \u0000[8] Yang, X. (2001),” CORSIM-Based Simulation Approach to Evaluation of Direct Left Turn Versus Right Turn Plus U Turn from Driveways. (Ph.D dissertation), University of South Florida, Tampa. \u0000[9] Detemple, J., Garcia, R., & Rindisbacher, M. (2007). Chapter 21 Simulation Methods for Optimal Portfolios. Handbooks in Operations Research and Management Science, 867–923. doi:10.1016/s0927-0507(07)15021-0. \u0000[10] Vaitkus, Audrius, et al. \"Traffic Calming Measures: An Evaluation of the Effect on Driving Speed.\" PROMET –Traffic &Transportation 29.3 (2017): 275-285.doi: 10.7307/ptt. v29i3.2265. \u0000[11] World Health Organization. Global status report on road safety 2015. World Health Organization, 2015 \u0000[12] AL-Jameel H. A. E (2014). Contribution to the U-turn design at median opening in Iraq: Al-Najaf city as a case study, Kufa Journal of Engineering (K.J.E). \u0000[13] Della, R. H., Hanafiah, ","PeriodicalId":227530,"journal":{"name":"Al-Qadisiyah Journal for Engineering Sciences","volume":"50 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125904635","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Treatment of Al-Dewaniya hospital wastewater by Electrocoagulation method using SS/Fe electrodes.","authors":"Riham Ghanim Najeeb, A. Abbar","doi":"10.30772/qjes.v14i2.768","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30772/qjes.v14i2.768","url":null,"abstract":"The present study focused on the treatment of hospital wastewater generated from Al-Diwaniya hospital located at Al-Diwaniya city/ southern Iraq via an Electrocoagulation (EC) process with SS/Fe electrodes. Response Surface Methodology (RSM)  was used to evaluate the main effects of parameters, their simultaneous interactions and quadratic effect to achieve the optimum condition for EC process. Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) was observed and measured for each experiment as it can be used as a good indicator of the quality of wastewater. The impacts of three factors such as current density (5-25mA/cm2), pH (4-10), and addition of NaCl(0-3g/l) were evaluated. The obtained experimental data were fitted to a second-order polynomial equation with analyzing by variance analysis (ANOVA).  The results shown that current density has the major impact on the efficiency of COD removal followed by addition of NaCl while pH has the lower effect on the COD removal under the studied range of pH. ANOVA results showed that the determination coefficient of the models was R2 98.18% confirming that the quadratic model was significance with a good fitting between the experimental and predicted results.  The optimized operating parameters were a current density of 25 mA/cm2, pH of 7.8,and NaCl addition of 3 g/l in which COD removal efficiency of 97.14% was achieved with a specific energy consumption of (30.914) kWh/kgCOD.","PeriodicalId":227530,"journal":{"name":"Al-Qadisiyah Journal for Engineering Sciences","volume":"139 6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128923650","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Temperature Change in Steel-Concrete Composite Bridge: Experimental and Numerical Study","authors":"Maryam S. Awad, M. Shallal","doi":"10.30772/qjes.v14i2.760","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30772/qjes.v14i2.760","url":null,"abstract":"In this article, a prototype empirical section of the composite girder was performed to verify the temperature distributions and the changes in concrete bridges under environmental thermal stresses. T-Beam composite section was placed directly subjected to environmental conditions to endure the change in convection, the convection includes solar radiation, surrounding air temperature and wind speed. In addition, this paper includes the 3D finite-element thermal studies represented by the COMSOL MULTIPHYSIC program, with particular reference to the influence of several parametric studies that represented by changing in concrete thickness, adding asphalt layer and finally change the value of wind speed. The section is prepared with fifteen thermocouples in different places in steel and concrete in the actual and theoretical model to evaluate the temperature distribution inside the composite bridges and their effects in the selected points. COMSOL MULTIPHYSIC showed a good ability to simulate convection, heat conduction and radiation within the surrounding environment. Such as thermocouple (TC3) the minimum temperature was 33.18 oC, 33.29 oC, the maximum temperature was 63.67 oC, 62.77 oC for experimental and theoretical results respectively while the maximum and minimum difference between experimental and FE temperatures is 2.96 and 0.099 for TC3 respectively. Therefore, it can be said that all the thermocouples results showed a good agreement between practical and theoretical results.","PeriodicalId":227530,"journal":{"name":"Al-Qadisiyah Journal for Engineering Sciences","volume":"02 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127186998","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optimization alkaline leaching of silicon element from bauxite ore","authors":"Waleed Turki Rashid","doi":"10.30772/qjes.v14i3.890","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30772/qjes.v14i3.890","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":227530,"journal":{"name":"Al-Qadisiyah Journal for Engineering Sciences","volume":"44 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121665377","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Simulation of temperature distribution in gas turbine stator blade subjected to different internal coolant gases","authors":"Naseer Hameed Hamza, Dhafer A. Hamzah, Khaled A. Al-Farhany, Mohamed F. Al-Dawody, Nikolai Nikolaevich Efimov","doi":"10.30772/qjes.v14i3.851","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30772/qjes.v14i3.851","url":null,"abstract":"in order to simulate the cooling process and the temperature distribution. At first, the air is applied and the results show a good agreement with previous literature then the other coolants compare their results with the air. The results show that the Helium affects the cooling process strongly and it cools the blade to safer limits rather than air by about 50%, but it increases von Mises stress by about 71% in comparison with air. The two other coolants also have a good and effective cooling performance, but they almost show an identical performance.","PeriodicalId":227530,"journal":{"name":"Al-Qadisiyah Journal for Engineering Sciences","volume":"28 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114823182","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Flexible Field effect transistor construction techniques, a brief review","authors":"Haider Sahib Al-Mumen","doi":"10.30772/qjes.v14i2.753","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30772/qjes.v14i2.753","url":null,"abstract":"Since Flexible field effect transistor (F-FET) is the building block of any sophisticated electronic circuit, particularly in the area of wearable electronics and biomedical sensors, it has drawn a lot of attention recently. It is usually fabricated using stretchable semiconductors over polymeric substrates. This paper displays a brief overview of the current fabrication techniques of the F-FET, specifically in terms of type of substrates and nano semiconductor technologies.","PeriodicalId":227530,"journal":{"name":"Al-Qadisiyah Journal for Engineering Sciences","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131444522","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Application of LES/PDF and RANS/PDF approaches for simulation of spray combustion","authors":"Duaa Yaseen Haran, A. Majhool","doi":"10.30772/qjes.v14i2.752","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30772/qjes.v14i2.752","url":null,"abstract":"This paper is addressing of a coupling Large-eddy simulation (LES) and RANS turbulence models with mixture fraction/probability density function as a combustion model. The two models have been implemented to simulate ethanol-air spray combustion. The gas phase is described with the Eulerian approach while the liquid phase is designed using a Lagrangian framework. The LES/PDF approach is obtained statistically. The sub-grid scale energy equation is used with the LES/PDF approach. The numerical results are validated with experimental data. Both LES/PDF and RANS/PDF approaches are compared with the experimental data. The LES/PDF approach shows a good agreement in predicting the average gas temperature compared with RANS/PDF approach. The LES/PDF shows a better prediction of both turbulence intensity profiles and the vortices which are generated in the turbulent flow in comparison with the RANS/PDF approach.","PeriodicalId":227530,"journal":{"name":"Al-Qadisiyah Journal for Engineering Sciences","volume":"32 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128392476","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}