Al-Qadisiyah Journal for Engineering Sciences最新文献

{"title":"Optimization alkaline leaching of silicon element from bauxite ore","authors":"Waleed T. Rashid","doi":"10.30772/qjes.v14i3.778","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30772/qjes.v14i3.778","url":null,"abstract":"This research examines the effect of alkaline leaching on the recovery of silicon element from the Iraqi Bauxite Ore. The factors studied were NaOH concentration, particle size, and stirring speed using the program MINITAB 16. NaOH concentration (X1) (1,2, and 4M), particle size (X2) (53,75,and 150µm), and stirring speed (X3) (250,500, and 750 rpm). The best recovery percentage was found to be (94.1097) when the variables were (X2= 53M), (X1 = 4M), and (X3=750 rpm). The factors NaOH concentration (X1), particle size (X2), and stirring speed (X3) all have a substantial impact on the process of recovery, according to the results. However, NaOH Concentration (X1) and Particle’s size (X2) have a more significant effect compared with the stirring speed (X3) on the recovery process.","PeriodicalId":227530,"journal":{"name":"Al-Qadisiyah Journal for Engineering Sciences","volume":" 13","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114053160","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Lifting capacity efficiency using polyethylene beads: A numerical investigation","authors":"Ali Gholam, Mohammed H. Alhamdoa, Hassan A. Abdul Hussein, Sinan I. Mohammed","doi":"10.30772/qjes.v14i3.795","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30772/qjes.v14i3.795","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Global demand growth has driven the development of more inventive methods for enhancing oil well drilling at lower prices and avoiding operational issues that slow down oil well drilling. The present research is significant because the lifting capacity may be increased by inserting polymer beads into drilling mud instead of high-cost additives. The numerical cuttings trajectory simulation was performed using the commercial ANSYS FLUENT 2019 R3 software to account for the influence of cuttings collisions. To test the cuts transport behavior owing to the presence of liquid and solid phases, the (Eulerian-Eulerian) model was utilized. The mind transfer rate is determined in this simulation by varying the operating parameters (drilling mud flow rate and temperature, cuttings size and inclination, drill pipe rotation and eccentricity) with and without polyethylene (PE) beads. The result show that the average error ratio between the results of the numerical simulation is 5 % with the experimental results of researcher Ismail. The higher the percentage of PE beads entering with the drilling fluid, the lower the concentration of the cuttings within the annular space of the simulation model. The concentration of cuttings within the annular space reaches 28 % when drilling fluid flows at a speed of 1.2 m/s without adding polyethylene PE beads. While it decreases to (17, 21, 24) % when adding beads by (6, 4, 2) %, respectively, at the same flow velocity of drilling fluid. The decrease in the concentration of cuttings within the annular space of the simulation model reaches 14 % when PE beads are inserting with drilling fluid by 6 % and the drill pipe rotation speed is 0 rpm, While the percentage increases to 65 % when the drill pipe rotation speed is increased to 120 rpm at the same ratio of PE beads entering with the drilling fluid. The reduction percentage of the cuttings concentration within the annular space of the simulation model reaches 30 % when 6 % of PE beads are entered into the drilling fluid at a temperature of 20 ℃, while the percentage is reduced to 14 % when the drilling fluid temperature is 50 ℃ at the same percentage of PE beads is inserting. The inserting of polyethylene (PE) beads with the drilling fluid has increased the ability of the drilling fluid to move the cuttings, but it is affected by the amount of drilling angle, as we found that the effect of the polyethylene (PE) beads is effective and clear when the drilling angle is 0˚ (vertical). While its effect becomes less at the drilling angle of directional wells and becomes very weak at the drilling angle of 90˚ (horizontal).The inserting of polyethylene (PE) beads with drilling fluid has a good and positive effect with large-sized cuttings when compared with the impact of the beads with smaller-sized cuttings. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000","PeriodicalId":227530,"journal":{"name":"Al-Qadisiyah Journal for Engineering Sciences","volume":"118 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133414114","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Different techniques in detection of buried objects using ground-penetrating radar: A review","authors":"Hussain M. Alshamy, Jafar Sadahb, Thamir R. Saeed","doi":"10.30772/qjes.v14i4.783","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30772/qjes.v14i4.783","url":null,"abstract":"This literature reviews the work of researchers on ground-penetrating radar (GPR). This research consists of five sections starting from the first section that focuses on the general application and the advantage of the GPR system in comparison to other types of underground detection systems. \u0000The main function of the GPR system is to detect the object buried underground and at the end of the full scan, the output image represents the total signals detected by the receiver of the GPR device. One of the main applications of the GPR system is the detection of an underground object, the GPR scans the underground area and the output image represents the total of the signals detected by the receiver. The second section discusses methods for removing unwanted signals such as noise and direct waves from the output image of a GPR system. \u0000After removing the noise, the image requires further analysis to discover and interpret the buried object. The third section discusses the common methods used in the process of identifying buried objects. There are different types of buried objects and section four discusses the algorithms used to detect and identify landmines and explosive devices. \u0000Finally, the last section summarizes the paper that discussed the detection and identification process using smart algorithm technology. These types of algorithms are the most accurate, have a lower error rate and are cost-effective.","PeriodicalId":227530,"journal":{"name":"Al-Qadisiyah Journal for Engineering Sciences","volume":"103 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116029453","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Characterizing polymer modified Cementations grout for semi-flexible pavement mixtures","authors":"Ali Abdul Jaleel Alnaieli, Shakir Al-busaltan","doi":"10.30772/qjes.v14i4.835","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30772/qjes.v14i4.835","url":null,"abstract":"In general, injecting grouts into small fractures, cavities, porous soil media, areas of water leakage, fixing cracks or defects in concrete, and filling spaces beneath metal bases or digging anchors are widely applied because of the great strength and workability of the cement in these materials. Furthermore, grout is employed effectively in the manufacturing semi-flexible pavement mixes. The goal of this research is to develop a polymer modified grout that can be used as a flowable grout for semi-flexible pavement mixes. The grout combination was made up of Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC), Acrylic emulsion (ACR), superplasticizer (SP), and water. ACR doses were 0.25, 0.5, 0.75, and 1.0 as a percent of OPC content. Flowability, compressive strength, and flexural strength tests were conducted to characterize the produced grout, with different amounts of the specified components being employed for each test. The results revealed that the flow time rises slightly as the ACR increases. It is also shown that there is an ideal ACR dose based on the compression strength. Where in most cases, the upgrading of the produced grouts was validated by a flexural strength test. As a conclusion, polymer modified grout worthily adds acceptable features to grout mechanical characteristics if the constituents of the grout are optimized.","PeriodicalId":227530,"journal":{"name":"Al-Qadisiyah Journal for Engineering Sciences","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126133960","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Graph representation of planetary gear trains: A review","authors":"A. H. Juber, E. L. Esmail, Tamather N. Ali","doi":"10.30772/qjes.v14i4.797","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30772/qjes.v14i4.797","url":null,"abstract":"The various graphical representations of planetary gear trains (PGTs), including basic assumptions and graph rules, are first reviewed in this paper. They revealed that they had close relationships. Their similarity has stimulated the development of a unified graphical representation. When there is a multiple joints in a graph, it can be reconfigured without affecting the information contained in the graph. To accomplish this, a rooted graph in which a multiple joint represents either the housing of the mechanism and/or a transfer vertex of a multi-planet fundamental geared entity is employed.","PeriodicalId":227530,"journal":{"name":"Al-Qadisiyah Journal for Engineering Sciences","volume":"64 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127605309","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Laboratory investigation of dowel bars’ misalignment using pull-out test","authors":"B. Al-Humeidawi, P. Mandal","doi":"10.30772/qjes.v14i4.853","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30772/qjes.v14i4.853","url":null,"abstract":"Joint lockup due to dowel misalignment significantly affects joint and concrete pavement performance by causing joint distresses. The current paper presents an experimental study to assess the effectiveness of standard pull-out test in the evaluation of dowel misalignment effect on joint lockup of Jointed Plain Concrete Pavement (JPCP). The tests were conducted at two different ages of concrete ; 3 and 28 days. The results showed that the standard pull-out test or individually pulling of misaligned dowels cannot reflect the realistic defect of dowel misalignment. It also showed that the vertical orientation of misaligned dowel bars during the concrete casting reduces the pull-out load due to more distance from the exposure surface. Another observation was for all specimens, the pull-out load increases with an increase in concrete age","PeriodicalId":227530,"journal":{"name":"Al-Qadisiyah Journal for Engineering Sciences","volume":"37 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114064473","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Improved performance of hybrid optical communications system","authors":"Hassan Hamed Naji","doi":"10.30772/qjes.v14i4.800","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30772/qjes.v14i4.800","url":null,"abstract":"Frees Space Optical (FSO) system employs empty space to transfer information between the transmitter and receiver using light. The single-beam Single Input Single Output (SISO) technology is well known for being subject to air attenuation induced by weather conditions, which decreases the performance link range and data quality. The proposed system in this research is a combination of DWDM and MIMO approaches to address this issue. The research is based on Optisystem simulations with various weather reduction in many of FSO systems: the FSO-DWDM-SISO (FDS) scheme and the suggested FSO-Hybrid-DWDM-MIMO method (FHDM). FHDM technology has considerably enhanced connection distance, received power, scalability, and data speed. At a data rate of 500 Mb/s, an evaluation is made between the suggested method and the FDS with respect to quality-factor during varied weather reduction using different numbers of optical transmission beams. The results show that the FHDM system improves connection distance, received optical power, minimum bit error rate (BER), and highest quality-factor significantly during various weather conditions.","PeriodicalId":227530,"journal":{"name":"Al-Qadisiyah Journal for Engineering Sciences","volume":"63 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130823679","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A new DNA strand-based encryption algorithm using symmetric key generation table","authors":"Qabeela Q. Thabit, Alaa A. Al-saffar, Issa Ahmed Abed","doi":"10.30772/qjes.v15i1.971","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30772/qjes.v15i1.971","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":227530,"journal":{"name":"Al-Qadisiyah Journal for Engineering Sciences","volume":"81 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114811514","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A new DNA strand-based encryption algorithm using symmetric key generation table","authors":"Qabeela Q. Thabit, Alaa A. Al-saffar, I. Abed","doi":"10.30772/qjes.v15i1.803","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30772/qjes.v15i1.803","url":null,"abstract":"Due to the characteristics of Deoxyribonucleic acid DNA chain which contains a very wide range of parallelism mechanism, and the computing processing speed can arrive at 1 billion times per one second. It is worth only a billionth of a traditional computer. It became the focus of the attention of researchers in the field of encryption. The aim of this study is to find an efficient and safe algorithm for data encryption as well as decryption. A symmetric novel method is proposed in this paper depends on DNA encryption by applying a mixture of DNA oligonucleotide and new development of algorithm technology steps. It includes encoding each character to a predefined decimal number, converting it to its equivalent binary number and then converting it into DNA coding. Finally, converts each code of DNA to a number that represents a row and column numbers. Simulation all all text (words) is executed in parallel by using Visual Basic programming, obtained an excellent encoding result in terms of time because all the characters, so the algorithm is able to process the largest number of data, all of them encode at the same time. An efficient, fast and highly encoding scheme has been obtained due to the complete executing parallelism of the DNA-based algorithm.","PeriodicalId":227530,"journal":{"name":"Al-Qadisiyah Journal for Engineering Sciences","volume":"157 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134603368","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Treatment of oily wastewater by using polysulfide polymer","authors":"Fatima Mohammed Taha, A. Mohammad, N. Sabeeh","doi":"10.30772/qjes.v14i3.777","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30772/qjes.v14i3.777","url":null,"abstract":"The discharge of water from oil fields is become one of the most significant environmental concerns associated with the oil sector. This study features a low-density polysulfide polymer prepared by Sulfur and used sunflower oils react directly. Because both sulfur and cooking oils are hydrophobic, the polymer can easily extract hydrocarbons like crude oil and diesel fuel from saltwater. Sulfur is a petroleum industry by-product, and leftover sunflower oil may be utilized as a raw material. 150 g food-grade used sunflower oil, 150 g sulfur, and 700 g finely powdered sodium chloride were used in an experiment to make polysulfide. The reaction temperature was adjusted at 180°C. The resulting polymer (a soft rubber) is friable; therefore, it was ground down using a mechanical grinder and screened for particles between 0.5 and 3 mm. The polymer was repeatedly rinsed with DI water to eliminate the sodium chloride porogen. The polymer was filtered through a sieve (0.5 mm) and pressed with a piece of flat plastic to remove surplus water after the final wash. The polymer was then dried in a sieve by putting it in a drying oven (UNB400, Germany) for 24 hours at 42 degrees Celsius. Kinetics of adsorption was examined with pseudo−first order, pseudo−second order and intra particle diffusion models. The experimental results show good fitting with pseudo−second order model for south oil adsorption on polysulfide polymer. Adsorption of north and south oils onto the prepared polysulfide polymer was done experimentally using batch apparatus with controlled conditions of temperature and stirring. Effects of temperature and initial oil concentration for the adsorption process were examined for the ranges (20−40) ◦C and (10−90) (g/l), respectively. The experimental data follows the Freundlich isotherm model with coefficient of variance (R2) equals, according to the study of adsorption equilibrium isotherms (0.99). According to the findings of the study, the greatest g/l of south oil removal equals 93 percent at the lowest temperature of 20 degrees Celsius.","PeriodicalId":227530,"journal":{"name":"Al-Qadisiyah Journal for Engineering Sciences","volume":"79 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117239939","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}