The Journal of Qazvin University of Medical Sciences最新文献

{"title":"Winning the COVID-19 War: McKinsey & Company's Proposed Plan for Action at the Local Level","authors":"Rahim Khodayari Zarnaq","doi":"10.32598/jqums.24.2.262.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32598/jqums.24.2.262.3","url":null,"abstract":"cKinsey & Company, a global management consulting firm, has published a document for local authorities to introduce and explain strategies and actions to combat COVID-19. This document, by evaluating the current situation and considering some degree of contagion for at least 12-18 months, presents three strategies for local authorities to deal effectively with the virus and safeguard the life and livelihood of the community [1]. The first strategy is to prepare to fight and win a war by building a command center with sufficient resources and authority, use talented people with the necessary skills (within and beyond government), and invest in the most appropriate data and information and creating adaptability in society based on existing facts. They believe that the fight against COVID-19 is like a war in at least four ways: A: Indefinite end-date; B: Distinct theaters considering that communities vary in size, health system complexity, resources and different economic composition; C: The need for immediate and significant operational logistics on a large scale to provide materials, skilled personnel and sufficient physical space; and D: Adoption based on virus’s mutations, external events, innovations, and unforeseen circumstances.","PeriodicalId":22748,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of Qazvin University of Medical Sciences","volume":"24 1","pages":"102-107"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47707232","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Diagnostic Tests and Clinical, Laboratory and Radiological Charactersitics of COVID-19 in Pregnant Women: A Review","authors":"Sedigheh Hasani Moghadam, A. Alipour, S. Abedian Kenari, S. Khani","doi":"10.32598/jqums.24.2.2392.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32598/jqums.24.2.2392.1","url":null,"abstract":"The emerging Coronavirus (COVID-19) is a new infectious disease and the definitive gold standard for its diagnosis in pregnancy has not yet been established. Therefore, this study was conducted with the aim of reviewing the diagnostic methods and clinical, laboratory and radiological symptoms of COVID-19 disease in pregnant women. The present study is a Narrative review. To do so, the keywords were searched in the Scopus, Google scholar, PubMed, Embase, Science Direct, WHO databases from April 1, 2020 to May 9, 2020. 34 articles were obtained and finally 6 articles were used to write this study. Evidence related to the purpose of this study was identified in three categories. The first category examines clinical findings (fever and cough), the second category examines laboratory findings (leukocytosis and lymphopenia), and a third category examines chest radiographic findings (Pure ground-glass opacity). Since infection is one of the most important causes of death in pregnant women and is one of the preventable and controllable factors, so by identifying the correct diagnostic methods of this infection, at-risk pregnant women will be identified and Prevent the consequences of this infection.","PeriodicalId":22748,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of Qazvin University of Medical Sciences","volume":"24 1","pages":"146-157"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46114630","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Effect of the Way of Using Social Media on Health Promoting Behaviors and COVID-19-related Anxiety in Non-medical Students","authors":"A. Fathi, Solmaz Sadeqi, Saeid Sharifi Rahnemou, A. Malekirad, H. Rostami, R. Rostami","doi":"10.32598/JQUMS.24.2.2377.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32598/JQUMS.24.2.2377.1","url":null,"abstract":"Background: One of the problems of today's Iranian youth is how to use social media coincided with the outbreak of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19). Objective: This study aimed to investigate the way of use of social media and its effect on health promoting behaviors and COVID-19-related anxiety in non-medical students. Methods: In this analytical study, participants were 307 non-medical students of Islamic Azad University of Tabriz Branch. Data collection tools were a demographic form, Corona Disease Anxiety Scale (CDAS) with two subscales of psychological and physical symptoms, and Health Promoting Lifestyle Profile (HPLP) with six subscales of spiritual growth, health responsibility, interpersonal relations, stress management, physical activity, and nutrition which were completed online. The multivariate analysis of variance and a post-hoc test were used for data analysis. Findings: Of 307 participants, 256 were female (83%) and 51 were male (16.6%), with a mean age of 27 years. The HPLP components of spiritual growth (P=0.001), health responsibility (P=0.001), stress management (P=0.001), physical activity (P=0.002), and its overall score (P=0.001) had a significant relationship with the way of use of the Internet, and the group with a fun purpose had lower scores in these variables compared to other groups. Moreover, the CDAS component of psychological symptoms (P=0.007) and its overall score (P=0.03) had a significant relationship with the way of using social media; the group with a fun purpose reported higher CDAS score than the groups with scientific and general information acquiring purposes. Conclusion: The use of social media for fun negatively affects the students’ lifestyle in the current coronavirus outbreak and increases their COVID-19-related anxiety.","PeriodicalId":22748,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of Qazvin University of Medical Sciences","volume":"24 1","pages":"124-135"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46575416","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Effect of Anxiety Caused by the COVID-19 Pandemic on Domestic Violence Against Pregnant Women","authors":"F. Ramezani, Forouzan Olfati","doi":"10.32598/jqums.24.2.93.4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32598/jqums.24.2.93.4","url":null,"abstract":"n December 2019, cases of pneumonia were reported in China due to a new coronavirus. On March 11, 2020, the World Health Organization (WHO) announced this disease as a pandemic, provoked global anxiety [1]. This acute respiratory illness is called Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) [2, 3]. It can cause a wide range of symptoms, from cold-like to acute respiratory symptoms, and lead to acute pneumonia and death [4]. Taking care of the vulnerable population is one of the important measures in management of infectious diseases [5]. There is no reliable statistics about the infected pregnant women, but they need special attention according to previous epidemics (Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) and Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS)) [6-9]. During pregnancy, physiological changes occur that make mothers susceptible to infections, especially those that affect the cardiovascular and respiratory systems [5, 7]. upward movement of the diaphragm and increased transverse thoracic diameter greatly reduce the maternal tolerance to hypoxia [10]. Pregnant women need frequent visits for prenatal care; hence, they are more at risk [1]. In a study, out of 12 pregnant women with COVID-19, three died, 50% of those who were infected in the first trimester had an abortion, and of those infected in the second or third trimester, 40% had intrauterine growth retardation and 80% had preterm labor [2]. Mothers have more worries and subsequently anxiety during the pregnancy period (pregnancy-related anxiety) and the COVID-19 pandemic can increase this anxiety [8]. Lack of information on transmission ways, risk factors, restrictions, access to health care and counseling services during pregnancy, delivery, and after delivery has increased mothers’ concerns [8]. False and exaggerated information about this disease have also increased their fear and anxiety [11, 12]. Anxiety is characterized by a concern about an impending and intolerable catastrophe. According to a survey in March 2020, more than half of women who were not previously concerned about their health, became anxious about it [13].","PeriodicalId":22748,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of Qazvin University of Medical Sciences","volume":"24 1","pages":"94-101"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41413971","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Demographic Characteristics and Common Complaints of People Seeking Telephone Consulting Services for Anxiety and Stress Caused by COVID-19","authors":"Faraj Hoseinian Sarajloo, Roza Rashedi, Haleh Fateh, Hamidreza Shahbazpour, Bahareh Kashani Movahhed","doi":"10.32598/jqums.24.2.2430.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32598/jqums.24.2.2430.1","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic and imposed quarantine have had different effects on the social and psychological aspects of people. The lack of any definitive treatment or preventive method for COVID-19 has caused a great deal of stress and anxiety in people. Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the demographic characteristics and common complaints of callers to the telephone counseling helpline to receive services for anxiety and stress caused by COVID-19. Methods: This is a descriptive cross-sectional study. The study samples were 1978 callers to the telephone counseling helpline of the Academic Center for Education, Culture and Research (ACECR) in Iran. Data collection was done by a checklist made by researchers and provided to the consultants. Findings: Most of callers (65.8%) were women and married (77.7%) with a mean age of 44.14 years; 41.5% of callers with no any symptoms were afraid and worried about getting infected; 26.6% stated their anxiety was due to worry that their first-degree relatives may get infected, and 8.5% reported that their anxiety was because of fear of economic problems and loss of job or income . Conclusion: The main users of the telephone counseling helpline was married women aged 30-39 years. Considering the anxiety and stress caused by COVID-19 outbreak, it seems necessary to provide counseling services.","PeriodicalId":22748,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of Qazvin University of Medical Sciences","volume":"15 10","pages":"136-145"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41298284","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigating the Mechanism of Action of SARS-CoV-2 Virus for Drug Designing: A Review","authors":"F. Shabani, A. Farasat, P. Namdar, N. Gheibi","doi":"10.32598/jqums.24.2.708.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32598/jqums.24.2.708.3","url":null,"abstract":"Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a viral pneumonia emerged in December 2019 in Wuhan, China. Its cause is a new virus from the coronavirus family scientifically named Coronavirus Acute Respiratory Syndrome 2 (SARS-CoV-2). In this review study, articles published in English until March 23, 2020 on new coronavirus infection were reviewed. These articles are obtained by searching in PubMed, Scopus and Google scholar databases using keywords \"SARS-CoV-2\", \"COVID-19\" and \"Coronavirus\". The latest COVID-19 statistics and information were extracted from the websites of World Health Organization and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. we investigated the effect of different compounds on the key macromolecules in promoting SARS-COV-2 infection using computational methods and bioinformatics analysis that can be considered as the best targets for designing inhibitory drugs. The most important macromolecules were Angiotensin Converting Enzyme 2 (ACE2) and Transmembrane Protease Serine 2 (TMPRSS2) receptors of the host cell surface and the structural and non-structural proteins of the virus. The most important structural protein was Spike, playing an important role in binding the virus to the ACE2 receptor of the host cell and the entery of the virus genome into it, while the key non-structural proteins were 3-Chymotrypsin-like protease (3CLpro), RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp), Papain-like cysteine proteinase (PLpro), and non-structural protein 13 (nsp13) helicase which are involved in viral genome replication and the virus’ release from the host cell.","PeriodicalId":22748,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of Qazvin University of Medical Sciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47943241","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Predicting the Prevalence of COVID-19 and its Mortality Rate in Iran Using Lyapunov Exponent","authors":"F. Mohammadi, Saeedeh Kouzehgari","doi":"10.32598/jqums.24.2.2415.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32598/jqums.24.2.2415.1","url":null,"abstract":"Background COVID-19 was first reported in late December 2019 in Wuhan, China, and spread rapidly throughout the world including Iran. Objective The purpose of this paper is to predict the prevalence of coronavirus and the number of confirmed cases and deaths in Iran based on the theory of chaos and measuring the Lyapunov exponent. Methods In this analytical study, the number of confirmed cases, recovered patients, total tests, and deaths between February 20 and May 30, 2020 were collected daily from the website of the Iranian Ministry of Health and Medical Education. The prevalence rate and the time to reach saturation in a short period were estimated using a formula using Lyapunov exponent and the initial and final number of confirmed cases in Matlab software. Findings Simulation of all confirmed cases between 20 February 2020 to 4 May 2020 show the number of people infected with the coronavirus would be close to saturation, but in end of May 2020 the number of people with the disease re-entered the second phase of increase. The slope of the simulation curve decreases in the second phase and the virus spreads in May at a slower rate than in the first phase (April). The simulation diagram of the total confirmed patients to the total number of tests performed also shows the entry into the second phase of increasing in May. Conclusion Simulation results of all confirmed cases and total deaths in Iran, using chaos theory and the Lyapunov-based model, can properly represent the real data and can predict the trend of spread and time to approach saturation in a short time. Sensitivity to the initial condition in the equation by changing the quarantine restrictions and the observance of health protocols causes a change in the rate of total number of confirmed patients enters the third or fourth increasing phase. Also, based on the calculated deaths, it is predicted that the total number of deaths at the end of May will reach less than 5% of the total number of people who have recovered and died. A B S T R A C T","PeriodicalId":22748,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of Qazvin University of Medical Sciences","volume":"24 1","pages":"108-123"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48677377","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of Evidence-Based Nursing Care Guidelines on the Quality of Care of Patients in Neurosurgical Intensive Care Units","authors":"Zahra Tayebi Myaneh, Maryam Azadi, S. Hosseinigolafshani, F. Rashvand","doi":"10.32598/JQUMS.24.1.6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32598/JQUMS.24.1.6","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Evidence-based nursing care guidelines are important tools for increasing the quality of nurses’ clinical work. Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of implementing evidence-based nursing care guidelines on the quality of care of patients admitted to the Neurosurgical Intensive Care Units (NICUs). Methods: This is a quasi-experimental study on 54 nurses in NICUs of hospitals affiliated to Qazvin University of Medical Sciences selected using a convenience sampling technique and divided into two groups of intervention and control. The intervention included the teaching of evidence-based nursing guidelines and their implementation by the nurses. Before and two months after the intervention, the demographic characteristics and the quality of nurses’ patient care in both groups was evaluated by using a demographic form and a standard checklist with 37 items designed based on the standards of practice for All Registered Nurses (ANA). Data were analyzed in SPSS software using descriptive statistics (Mean±SD), and paired t-test, independent t-test and chi-square test. Findings: The mean score of nursing care quality in the two groups was not significantly different before intervention (P>0.05). After intervention, the mean score was 25.11±6.2 in the intervention group and 20.29±5.3 in the control group, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). Conclusion: Implementation of evidence-based nursing care guidelines can improve the quality of nursing care. Therefore, it is recommended that the teaching of evidence-based nursing care guidelines should be on the agenda of the hospitals’ education unit and related departments.","PeriodicalId":22748,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of Qazvin University of Medical Sciences","volume":"24 1","pages":"56-67"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44999010","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparing the Perceptions of Nurses and Patients’ Families About the Expectations of Patients’ Families in Intensive Care Unit","authors":"A. Shahrokhi, Mahdi Ranjbaran, Somayeh Zarei","doi":"10.32598/JQUMS.24.1.7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32598/JQUMS.24.1.7","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Properly identifying the expectations of family members of patients admitted to Intensive Care Units (ICUs) is a necessity for nurses. Objective The present study aimed to determine and compare the expectations of ICU patients’ families according to the perceptions of ICU nurses and family members. Methods: In this descriptive-analytical study, 147 families of ICU patients and 137 ICU nurses of hospitals in Qazvin were selected as study samples through a census method. Data were collected using Molter’s Critical Care Family Needs Inventory (CCFNI), and data analysis was performed using the Pearson correlation test, one-way ANOVA and chi-square at a significant level of P<0.05. Findings: The overall score of CCFNI and its subscales for the family members were significantly higher than in the nurses (P<0.001). The degree of importance and prioritization of family expectations were different between patients’ families and nurses. The reason for patient hospitalization had a significant association with the overall score of CCFNI and its subscales. Moreover, the family history of hospitalization showed a significant correlation with the CCFNI subscales of information and proximity (P<0.05). The age and work experience of nurses had a significant association with the CCFNI subscales of information, assurance, and comfort (P<0.05). Conclusion: Family members of ICU patients and nurses have different perceptions of the expectations of patients’ families. Nurses need to consider the expectations of patients’ family members.","PeriodicalId":22748,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of Qazvin University of Medical Sciences","volume":"24 1","pages":"68-79"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45073622","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Effectiveness of a Radiation Safety Training Program in Increasing the Radiation Safety Knowledge of Physicians: A Pilot Study","authors":"Azam Janati Esfahani, Reihaneh Mehrabi, N. Gheibi, R. Paydar, Masoome Aliakbari, Mahla Gangi","doi":"10.32598/JQUMS.24.1.4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32598/JQUMS.24.1.4","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Ionizing and non-ionizing radiation are widely used in the diagnosis and treatment of diseases. Considering the potential risks of radiation, radiation safety training courses are important for medical staff. Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of one-day radiation safety training program in increasing the radiation safety knowledge of physicians. Methods: In this descriptive-analytical study, subjects were 12 physicians (6 general practitioners and 6 non-radiologist specialists) participated in the training program organized by Qazvin University of Medical Sciences in 2018. A researcher-made questionnaire was used for surveying physicians before and after the training. The mean and standard deviation of the scores were first calculated. Then, the pre- and post-test scores were compared using Wilcoxon signed-rank test, and the correlation of these scores with their age, gender, expertise area, and work experience was examined by Spearmanchr('39')s correlation test. Findings: The mean total scores of the physicians before and after training were 7.00±2.56 (ranged 3-11) and 11.92± 2.31 (ranged 8-15) out of 18, respectively. The radiation safety knowledge of physicians significantly increased after training (P<0.001). No significant relationship was found between their scores and their age, gender, expertise area and work experience. Conclusion: The radiation safety training program was effective in increasing the radiation safety knowledge of physicians and it can be used for a larger community of physicians.","PeriodicalId":22748,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of Qazvin University of Medical Sciences","volume":"24 1","pages":"32-43"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45206827","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}