The Lancet Neurology最新文献

{"title":"Christian Endisch","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/s1474-4422(24)00280-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s1474-4422(24)00280-1","url":null,"abstract":"No Abstract","PeriodicalId":22676,"journal":{"name":"The Lancet Neurology","volume":"63 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142678249","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A new seed amplification assay to diagnose multiple system atrophy","authors":"James A Wiseman, Glenda M Halliday, Birger Victor Dieriks","doi":"10.1016/s1474-4422(24)00428-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s1474-4422(24)00428-9","url":null,"abstract":"No Abstract","PeriodicalId":22676,"journal":{"name":"The Lancet Neurology","volume":"63 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142678235","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Intravenous glibenclamide for cerebral oedema after large hemispheric stroke (CHARM): a phase 3, double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomised trial","authors":"Kevin N Sheth, Gregory W Albers, Jeffrey L Saver, Bruce C V Campbell, Bradley J Molyneaux, H E Hinson, Charlotte Cordonnier, Thorsten Steiner, Kazunori Toyoda, Max Wintermark, Ross Littauer, Jessica Collins, Nisha Lucas, Raul G Nogueira, J Marc Simard, Michael Wald, Kate Dawson, W Taylor Kimberly","doi":"10.1016/s1474-4422(24)00425-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s1474-4422(24)00425-3","url":null,"abstract":"<h3>Background</h3>No treatment is available to prevent brain oedema, which can occur after a large hemispheric infarction. Glibenclamide has previously been shown to improve functional outcome and reduce neurological or oedema-related death in patients younger than 70 years who were at risk of brain oedema after an acute ischaemic stroke. We aimed to assess whether intravenous glibenclamide could improve functional outcome at 90 days in patients with large hemispheric infarction.<h3>Methods</h3>CHARM was a phase 3, double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomised trial conducted across 143 acute stroke centres in 21 countries. We included patients aged 18–85 years with a large stroke, defined either by an Alberta Stroke Program Early CT Score (ASPECTS) of 1–5 or by an ischaemic core lesion volume of 80–300 mL on CT perfusion or MRI diffusion-weighted imaging. Patients were randomly assigned in a 1:1 ratio to either intravenous glibenclamide (8·6 mg over 72 h) or placebo. The study drug was started within 10 h of stroke onset. The primary efficacy outcome was the shift in the distribution of scores on the modified Rankin Scale at day 90, as a measure of functional outcome. The primary efficacy outcome was analysed in a modified intention-to-treat population, which included all randomly assigned patients aged 18–70 years. The safety population comprised all randomly assigned patients who received a dose. This trial is registered with <span><span>ClinicalTrials.gov</span><svg aria-label=\"Opens in new window\" focusable=\"false\" height=\"20\" viewbox=\"0 0 8 8\"><path d=\"M1.12949 2.1072V1H7V6.85795H5.89111V2.90281L0.784057 8L0 7.21635L5.11902 2.1072H1.12949Z\"></path></svg></span> (<span><span>NCT02864953</span><svg aria-label=\"Opens in new window\" focusable=\"false\" height=\"20\" viewbox=\"0 0 8 8\"><path d=\"M1.12949 2.1072V1H7V6.85795H5.89111V2.90281L0.784057 8L0 7.21635L5.11902 2.1072H1.12949Z\"></path></svg></span>). The trial was stopped early by the sponsor for strategic and operational reasons (slow enrolment because of COVID-19), before any unblinding or knowledge of the trial results.<h3>Findings</h3>Between Aug 29, 2018, and May 23, 2023, 535 patients were enrolled and randomly assigned, of whom 518 received a dose (safety population) and 431 were aged 18–70 years and comprised the modified intention-to-treat population (217 were assigned glibenclamide and 214 placebo). The mean age of patients was 58·7 (SD 9·0) years in the placebo group and 58·0 (9·5) years in the glibenclamide group; the median US National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) score was 19 (IQR 16–23) in the placebo group and 19 (IQR 16–22) in the glibenclamide group; and the mean time from stroke onset to study drug start was 8·9 h (SD 2·1) in the placebo group and 9·2 h (2·1) in the glibenclamide group. Intravenous glibenclamide was not associated with a favourable shift in the modified Rankin scale at 90 days (common odds ratio [OR] 1·17 [95% CI 0·80–1·71], p=0·42). 90-day mortal","PeriodicalId":22676,"journal":{"name":"The Lancet Neurology","volume":"99 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142678251","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Monitoring brainwaves while gallery visitors view artworks","authors":"Peter Ranscombe","doi":"10.1016/s1474-4422(24)00406-x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s1474-4422(24)00406-x","url":null,"abstract":"No Abstract","PeriodicalId":22676,"journal":{"name":"The Lancet Neurology","volume":"99 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142678247","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Timeline to symptomatic Alzheimer's disease in people with Down syndrome as assessed by amyloid-PET and tau-PET: a longitudinal cohort study","authors":"Emily K Schworer, Matthew D Zammit, Jiebiao Wang, Benjamin L Handen, Tobey Betthauser, Charles M Laymon, Dana L Tudorascu, Annie D Cohen, Shahid H Zaman, Beau M Ances, Mark Mapstone, Elizabeth Head, Bradley T Christian, Sigan L Hartley","doi":"10.1016/s1474-4422(24)00426-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s1474-4422(24)00426-5","url":null,"abstract":"<h3>Background</h3>Adults with Down syndrome are at risk for Alzheimer's disease. Natural history cohort studies have characterised the progression of Alzheimer's disease biomarkers in people with Down syndrome, with a focus on amyloid β-PET and tau-PET. In this study, we aimed to leverage these well characterised imaging biomarkers in a large cohort of individuals with Down syndrome, to examine the timeline to symptomatic Alzheimer's disease based on estimated years since the detection on PET of amyloid β-positivity, referred to here as amyloid age, and in relation to tau burden as assessed by PET.<h3>Methods</h3>In this prospective, longitudinal, observational cohort study, data were collected at four university research sites in the UK and USA as part of the Alzheimer's Biomarker Consortium–Down Syndrome (ABC–DS) study. Eligible participants were aged 25 years or older with Down syndrome, had a mental age of at least 3 years (based on a standardised intelligence quotient test), and had trisomy 21 (full, mosaic, or translocation) confirmed through karyotyping. Participants were assessed twice between 2017 and 2022, with approximately 32 months between visits. Participants had amyloid-PET and tau-PET scans, and underwent cognitive assessment with the modified Cued Recall Test (mCRT) and the Down Syndrome Mental Status Examination (DSMSE) to assess cognitive functioning. Study partners completed the National Task Group-Early Detection Screen for Dementia (NTG-EDSD). Generalised linear models were used to assess the association between amyloid age (whereby 0 years equated to 18 centiloids) and mCRT, DSMSE, NTG-EDSD, and tau PET at baseline and the 32-month follow-up. Broken stick regression was used to identify the amyloid age that corresponded to decreases in cognitive performance and increases in tau PET after the onset of amyloid β positivity.<h3>Findings</h3>167 adults with Down syndrome, of whom 92 had longitudinal data, were included in our analyses. Generalised linear regressions showed significant quadratic associations between amyloid age and cognitive performance and cubic associations between amyloid age and tau, both at baseline and at the 32-month follow-up. Using broken stick regression models, differences in mCRT total scores were detected beginning 2·7 years (95% credible interval [CrI] 0·2 to 5·4; equating to 29·8 centiloids) after the onset of amyloid β positivity in cross-sectional models. Based on cross-sectional data, increases in tau deposition started a mean of 2·7–6·1 years (equating to 29·8–47·9 centiloids) after the onset of amyloid β positivity. Mild cognitive impairment was observed at a mean amyloid age of 7·4 years (SD 6·6; equating to 56·8 centiloids) and dementia was observed at a mean amyloid age of 12·7 years (5·6; equating to 97·4 centiloids).<h3>Interpretation</h3>There is a short timeline to initial cognitive decline and dementia from onset of amyloid β positivity and tau deposition in people with Down syndrome","PeriodicalId":22676,"journal":{"name":"The Lancet Neurology","volume":"20 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142678313","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"REM sleep behaviour disorder and α-synuclein","authors":"Bradley F Boeve, Tanis J Ferman","doi":"10.1016/s1474-4422(24)00442-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s1474-4422(24)00442-3","url":null,"abstract":"No Abstract","PeriodicalId":22676,"journal":{"name":"The Lancet Neurology","volume":"18 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142678231","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"PACAP pathway: a new frontier in migraine prevention","authors":"Mario Fernando Prieto Peres","doi":"10.1016/s1474-4422(24)00444-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s1474-4422(24)00444-7","url":null,"abstract":"No Abstract","PeriodicalId":22676,"journal":{"name":"The Lancet Neurology","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142678234","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The woman who was not there","authors":"Marco De Ambrogi","doi":"10.1016/s1474-4422(24)00453-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s1474-4422(24)00453-8","url":null,"abstract":"No Abstract","PeriodicalId":22676,"journal":{"name":"The Lancet Neurology","volume":"71 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142678244","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Safety and efficacy of early versus delayed acetylsalicylic acid after surgery for spontaneous intracerebral haemorrhage in China (E-start): a prospective, multicentre, open-label, blinded-endpoint, randomised trial","authors":"Qingyuan Liu, Shaohua Mo, Jun Wu, Xianzeng Tong, Kaiwen Wang, Xu Chen, Shanwen Chen, Shuaiwei Guo, Xiong Li, Mingde Li, Lei Peng, Xinguo Sun, Yang Wang, Jianjun Sun, Jun Pu, Kaige Zheng, Jiaming Zhang, Yang Liu, Yi Yang, Zheng Wen, Pengjun Jiang","doi":"10.1016/s1474-4422(24)00424-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s1474-4422(24)00424-1","url":null,"abstract":"<h3>Background</h3>Patients with non-traumatic intracerebral haemorrhage have a substantial risk of major adverse cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events, including ischaemic stroke, after surgery. The optimal timing of antiplatelet therapy after surgery for spontaneous intracerebral haemorrhage in patients at high risk of postoperative ischaemic events has not been characterised. We aimed to investigate the safety and efficacy of early versus late initiation of antiplatelet therapy after surgery for spontaneous intracerebral haemorrhage.<h3>Methods</h3>This prospective, open-label, blinded-endpoint, randomised trial was done at eight stroke centres in China. Eligible patients were aged 18–70 years, undergoing surgery for the evacuation of spontaneous intracerebral haemorrhage, and had a high risk of postoperative ischaemic events. Using the minimisation method in an online randomisation system, patients were randomly assigned (1:1) to receive 100 mg acetylsalicylic acid once per day in either the early-start group (starting on the third day after surgery until the 90th day after surgery) or the late-start group (starting on the 30th day after surgery until the 90th day after surgery). Medication was taken orally or delivered via a feeding tube. The primary efficacy outcome was a composite of new major ischaemic cardiovascular, cerebrovascular, or peripheral vascular events within 90 days and the primary safety outcome was any intracranial bleeding within 90 days, both measured in the intention-to-treat population. The trial is registered at <span><span>ClinicalTrials.gov</span><svg aria-label=\"Opens in new window\" focusable=\"false\" height=\"20\" viewbox=\"0 0 8 8\"><path d=\"M1.12949 2.1072V1H7V6.85795H5.89111V2.90281L0.784057 8L0 7.21635L5.11902 2.1072H1.12949Z\"></path></svg></span>, <span><span>NCT04820972</span><svg aria-label=\"Opens in new window\" focusable=\"false\" height=\"20\" viewbox=\"0 0 8 8\"><path d=\"M1.12949 2.1072V1H7V6.85795H5.89111V2.90281L0.784057 8L0 7.21635L5.11902 2.1072H1.12949Z\"></path></svg></span>, and is complete.<h3>Findings</h3>From May 1, 2021, to May 1, 2023, 7323 patients were screened, of whom 269 (4%) were enrolled and randomly assigned: 134 to the early-start group and 135 to the late-start group. 195 (72%) patients were male, 74 (28%) were female, and the median age was 60·2 years (IQR 52·0–66·5). Haematomas were supratentorial and deep in most (170 [63%] of 269) patients. Ischaemic major cardiovascular, cerebrovascular, or peripheral vascular events occurred within 90 days after surgery in 27 (20%) of 134 patients in the early-start group and 42 (31%) of 135 patients in the late-start group (odds ratio 0·56 [95% CI 0·32–0·98]; p=0·041). Intracranial bleeding occurred in one (1%) of 134 patients in the early-start group and four (3%) of 135 patients in the late-start group. Non-bleeding serious adverse events occurred in 57 (42%) of 134 patients in the early-start group and 57 (42%) of 135 patients in the late-start gro","PeriodicalId":22676,"journal":{"name":"The Lancet Neurology","volume":"43 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142678246","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Surgical treatment for chronic subdural haematoma","authors":"Haibo Teng, Zhiyong Liu, Jianguo Xu","doi":"10.1016/s1474-4422(24)00399-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s1474-4422(24)00399-5","url":null,"abstract":"No Abstract","PeriodicalId":22676,"journal":{"name":"The Lancet Neurology","volume":"23 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142678858","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}