The Journal of applied bacteriology最新文献_第8页

Chitinolytic properties of Bacillus pabuli K1. pabuli芽孢杆菌K1的几丁质降解特性。

The Journal of applied bacteriology Pub Date : 1994-04-01 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2672.1994.tb01641.x

E Frändberg, J Schnürer

{"title":"Chitinolytic properties of Bacillus pabuli K1.","authors":"E Frändberg, J Schnürer","doi":"10.1111/j.1365-2672.1994.tb01641.x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2672.1994.tb01641.x","url":null,"abstract":"The chitinolytic properties of Bacillus pabuli K1 isolated from mouldy grain was studied. Chitinase activity was measured as the release of p-nitrophenol from p-nitrophenyl-N,N'-diacetylchitobiose. Influences of substrate concentration and different environmental variables on growth and chitinase activity were determined. The optimum environmental conditions for chitinase production were: 30 degrees C, initial pH 8, initial oxygen 10% and aw > 0.99. Chitinase production was induced when B. pabuli K1 was grown on colloidal chitin. The smallest chito-oligosaccharide able to induce chitinase production was N,N'-diacetylchitobiose, (GlcNAc)2. Production was also induced by (GlcNAc)3 and (GlcNAc)4. When the bacterium was grown on glucose or N-acetylglucosamine, no chitinases were formed. The highest chitinase production observed was obtained with colloidal chitin as substrate. The production of chitinases by B. pabuli K1 growing on chitin was repressed by high levels (0.6%) of glucose. The production was also repressed by 0.6% starch, laminarin and beta-glucan from barley and by glycerol. The addition of pectin and carboxymethyl cellulose increased chitinase production.","PeriodicalId":22599,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of applied bacteriology","volume":"76 4","pages":"361-7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1994-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1111/j.1365-2672.1994.tb01641.x","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"19190479","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 75

Effect of substrate on the production of antifungal volatiles from Bacillus subtilis. 底物对枯草芽孢杆菌抗真菌挥发物产生的影响。

The Journal of applied bacteriology Pub Date : 1994-04-01 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2672.1994.tb01646.x

P J Fiddaman, S Rossall

{"title":"Effect of substrate on the production of antifungal volatiles from Bacillus subtilis.","authors":"P J Fiddaman, S Rossall","doi":"10.1111/j.1365-2672.1994.tb01646.x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2672.1994.tb01646.x","url":null,"abstract":"An antibiotic-producing strain of Bacillus subtilis has been shown to produce potent antifungal volatiles (AFV). These volatiles are active against a range of fungal species and are produced on a range of growth media and in loam-based compost. In vitro antifungal volatile activity on nutrient agar is enhanced with the addition of D-glucose, complex carbohydrates and peptones. The addition of L-glucose led to significantly less AFV activity than comparable levels of D-glucose. Growth studies in liquid culture revealed that B. subtilis failed to grow in response to L-glucose. Further growth studies on solid media showed no clear correlation between enhanced bacterial growth and increases in in vitro AFV activity in response to supply of substrates. Low level AFV activity was also detected from oilseed rape roots inoculated with B. subtilis. Gas chromatography mass spectrometry headspace analysis of B. subtilis cultures grown on various substrates revealed common similarities between substrates promoting AFV activity, although it was not possible to isolate individual antifungal compounds.","PeriodicalId":22599,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of applied bacteriology","volume":"76 4","pages":"395-405"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1994-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1111/j.1365-2672.1994.tb01646.x","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"19190480","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 132

The effect of electron beam irradiation and modified pH on the survival and recovery of Escherichia coli. 电子束辐照和修饰pH对大肠杆菌存活和恢复的影响。

The Journal of applied bacteriology Pub Date : 1994-04-01 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2672.1994.tb01648.x

L M Fielding, P E Cook, A S Grandison

引用次数: 6

Effect of sub-MIC antibiotics on the cell surface and extracellular virulence determinants of Pseudomonas cepacia. 亚mic抗生素对洋葱假单胞菌细胞表面和细胞外毒力决定因素的影响。

The Journal of applied bacteriology Pub Date : 1994-02-01 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2672.1994.tb01615.x

D McKenney, L Willcock, P A Trueman, D G Allison

引用次数: 12

Unmodified and recombinant strains of Lactobacillus plantarum are rapidly lost from the rumen by protozoal predation. 未经修饰的和重组的植物乳杆菌菌株在瘤胃中被原生动物捕食而迅速消失。

The Journal of applied bacteriology Pub Date : 1994-02-01 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2672.1994.tb01605.x

R Sharp, G P Hazlewood, H J Gilbert, A G O'Donnell

{"title":"Unmodified and recombinant strains of Lactobacillus plantarum are rapidly lost from the rumen by protozoal predation.","authors":"R Sharp, G P Hazlewood, H J Gilbert, A G O'Donnell","doi":"10.1111/j.1365-2672.1994.tb01605.x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2672.1994.tb01605.x","url":null,"abstract":"A genetically-manipulated strain of Lactobacillus plantarum and the unmodified parent strain were introduced into the rumen of sheep at an initial inoculum level of 1 x 10(7) cfu ml-1 of rumen fluid. There were no significant differences between the viable counts of the two inoculants throughout a 24 h sampling period. The rates of loss were 0.36 and 0.29 h-1 (proportion of colony-forming units lost, measured over the first 2 h) for the parent strain and recombinant strain respectively, and within 24 h of inoculation neither of the strains were detectable in rumen fluid. Further experiments in vitro revealed that the inoculants persisted in sterile rumen fluid with a loss rate of 0.044 and 0.057 h-1 for the parent strain and the recombinant strain respectively. Incubations with rumen fluid alone, protozoa-free rumen fluid and protozoa-enriched rumen fluid revealed that protozoal predation was the most significant factor in the loss of the introduced population. The loss rates from protozoa-free rumen fluid were not significantly different (P < 0.05) from those observed in sterile rumen fluid.","PeriodicalId":22599,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of applied bacteriology","volume":"76 2","pages":"110-7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1994-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1111/j.1365-2672.1994.tb01605.x","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"19135317","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 23

The safety of Bacillus species as insect vector control agents. 芽孢杆菌作为病媒控制剂的安全性。

The Journal of applied bacteriology Pub Date : 1994-02-01 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2672.1994.tb01604.x

F A Drobniewski

{"title":"The safety of Bacillus species as insect vector control agents.","authors":"F A Drobniewski","doi":"10.1111/j.1365-2672.1994.tb01604.x","DOIUrl":"10.1111/j.1365-2672.1994.tb01604.x","url":null,"abstract":"One of the success stories of international co-operation in the control of infectious diseases has been the World Health Organization’s (WHO) Onchocerciasis Control Programme (OCP) in West Africa; the use of Bacillus thuringienszs (BT) toxins has been an important component of the programme (Rurges 1981; Anon. 1987; Guillet 1990; Webb 1992; Drobniewski 1993a). Onchocerciasis, or ‘river blindness’, is a chronic filarial disease caused by the parasitic nematode worm Onchocerca volvulus, and is transmitted by blackflies of the Simulium genus. The WHO estimates that over 90 million people are at risk from acquiring the disease, that there is an overall prevalence of 18 million people and that 1 000 000 cases of blindness have been caused by onchocerciasis (Anon. 1987; Guillet 1990; Webb 1992; Drobniewski 1993) . I t is a significant preventable cause of blindness and two disease control strategies have been pursued by the OCP since its inception in 1974: (1) the identification and treatment of those with onchocerciasis; and ( 2 ) aerial larviciding of rivers to control the vector, Simulium damnosum. The core of vector control has been weekly larviciding with the chemical pesticides temephos, pyraclofos, permethrin, carbosulfan and the bacterial biological control agent, Bacillus thuringiensis var. isruelensas H 14 (BTI). Bacillus thuringiensis (BT) produces crystalline parasporal inclusions during sporulation which are pathogenic to insect larvae, and to dipteran larvae in particular for the var. israelensis strain (Goldberg and Margalit 1977 ; Thomas and Ellar 1983; Ellar et al. 1986; Anon. 1987; Hofte and","PeriodicalId":22599,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of applied bacteriology","volume":"76 2","pages":"101-9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1994-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1111/j.1365-2672.1994.tb01604.x","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"18506587","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 36

Rapid identification using pyrolysis mass spectrometry and artificial neural networks of Propionibacterium acnes isolated from dogs. 热裂解质谱法和人工神经网络快速鉴定犬源痤疮丙酸杆菌。

The Journal of applied bacteriology Pub Date : 1994-02-01 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2672.1994.tb01607.x

R Goodacre, M J Neal, D B Kell, L W Greenham, W C Noble, R G Harvey

{"title":"Rapid identification using pyrolysis mass spectrometry and artificial neural networks of Propionibacterium acnes isolated from dogs.","authors":"R Goodacre, M J Neal, D B Kell, L W Greenham, W C Noble, R G Harvey","doi":"10.1111/j.1365-2672.1994.tb01607.x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2672.1994.tb01607.x","url":null,"abstract":"Curie-point pyrolysis mass spectra were obtained from reference Propionibacterium strains and canine isolates. Artificial neural networks (ANNs) were trained by supervised learning (with the back-propagation algorithm) to recognize these strains from their pyrolysis mass spectra; all the strains isolated from dogs were identified as human wild type P. acnes. This is an important nosological discovery, and demonstrates that the combination of pyrolysis mass spectrometry and ANNs provides an objective, rapid and accurate identification technique. Bacteria isolated from different biopsy specimens from the same dog were found to be separate strains of P. acnes, demonstrating a within-animal variation in microflora. The classification of the canine isolates by Kohonen artificial neural networks (KANNs) was compared with the classical multivariate techniques of canonical variates analysis and hierarchical cluster analysis, and found to give similar results. This is the first demonstration, within microbiology, of KANNs as an unsupervised clustering technique which has the potential to group pyrolysis mass spectra both automatically and relatively objectively.","PeriodicalId":22599,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of applied bacteriology","volume":"76 2","pages":"124-34"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1994-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1111/j.1365-2672.1994.tb01607.x","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"19135319","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 87

Isolation of Legionella from water samples using various culture methods. 不同培养方法从水样中分离军团菌。

The Journal of applied bacteriology Pub Date : 1994-02-01 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2672.1994.tb01611.x

J M Kusnetsov, H R Jousimies-Somer, A I Nevalainen, P J Martikainen

{"title":"Isolation of Legionella from water samples using various culture methods.","authors":"J M Kusnetsov, H R Jousimies-Somer, A I Nevalainen, P J Martikainen","doi":"10.1111/j.1365-2672.1994.tb01611.x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2672.1994.tb01611.x","url":null,"abstract":"The efficacy of a non-selective medium and two selective media were compared for the isolation of legionellas from water samples. The effect of acid wash treatment for decontamination of the water samples on the isolation frequency of legionellas was also studied. The 236 samples were taken from cooling, humidifying and drinking water systems; 21% were legionella-positive when inoculated directly on modified Wadowsky-Yee (MWY) medium and 26% were positive when concentrated (x 200) before cultivation on MWY or CCVC media. Inoculation on MWY medium after concentration followed by decontamination by the acid-wash technique gave the highest isolation frequency (31%). The lowest frequency (8%) was found with the non-selective BCYE alpha medium. An isolation frequency of 28% was achieved with the BCYE alpha medium after concentration and acid-wash treatment of the samples. Forty per cent of the samples were positive for legionellas when the results from all the culture methods were combined. Not all the legionella-positive samples were identified by a single culture method. Ninety-three of the 95 positive samples were detected with the two best combinations of three culture methods. The best culture method for detecting legionellas depended on the source of the water sample. Some water quality characteristics, like temperature and organic matter content, affected the isolation frequency of Legionella spp.","PeriodicalId":22599,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of applied bacteriology","volume":"76 2","pages":"155-62"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1994-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1111/j.1365-2672.1994.tb01611.x","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"19135806","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 20

Physiological aspects of disinfection resistance in Pseudomonas cepacia. 洋葱假单胞菌消毒抗性的生理方面。

The Journal of applied bacteriology Pub Date : 1994-02-01 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2672.1994.tb01609.x

B H Pyle, S K Watters, G A McFeters

引用次数: 18

Antimicrobial activity of shredded carrot extracts on food-borne bacteria and yeast. 胡萝卜丝提取物对食源性细菌和酵母菌的抑菌活性。

The Journal of applied bacteriology Pub Date : 1994-02-01 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2672.1994.tb01608.x

I Babic, C Nguyen-the, M J Amiot, S Aubert

{"title":"Antimicrobial activity of shredded carrot extracts on food-borne bacteria and yeast.","authors":"I Babic, C Nguyen-the, M J Amiot, S Aubert","doi":"10.1111/j.1365-2672.1994.tb01608.x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2672.1994.tb01608.x","url":null,"abstract":"Purified ethanolic extracts of peeled and shredded carrots showed an antimicrobial effect against a range of food-borne micro-organisms. The minimum inhibitory concentration, expressed as mg ml-1 dried carrot material used for the extraction were: Leuconostoc mesenteroides, 27; Listeria monocytogenes, > 27 < 55; Staphylococcus aureus, > 27 < 55; Pseudomonas fluorescens, > 55 < 110; Candida lambica, > 55 < 110; Escherichia coli, > 110 < 220. The antimicrobial activity was not linked to phenolic compounds but was presumably due to apolar components. Free saturated fatty acid (dodecanoic acid) and methyl esters of saturated fatty acids (of dodecanoic and pentadecanoic acids) were identified in purified active extracts of carrots by gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry and could be responsible for the antimicrobial activity. This effect did not seem to play a role in the resistance of shredded carrots to microbial spoilage, although the antimicrobial activity was present in fresh carrots at concentrations sufficient to inhibit spoilage bacteria.","PeriodicalId":22599,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of applied bacteriology","volume":"76 2","pages":"135-41"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1994-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1111/j.1365-2672.1994.tb01608.x","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"19135804","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 52