THE 7TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON APPLIED SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY (ICAST 2019)最新文献

{"title":"The relation between the RANKL and resistin in menopausal women with osteoporosis","authors":"Rusul Ali Al-Masaoodi, Alaauldeen S. M. Al-Sallami, H. Al-Baseesee","doi":"10.1063/1.5123113","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5123113","url":null,"abstract":"Osteoporosis (OP) is osteometabolic disease characterized by a decrease in bone mineral density(BMD) and due to the deterioration of bone architecture leading to spontaneous fractures. The aim of the current study is to evaluate the biomarkers include the; receptor activator of nuclear factor NF-κB ligand and Resistin, also measuring the biochemical include: estrogen, calcium, phosphorus, bone mineral density, t-scores in menopausal women with osteoporosis, and further more study the correlation between these biomarkers and biochemical. Method : This study was conducted at DEXA (dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry) Unit in Radiology Department in Al-Sader teaching hospital in AL-Najaf province /Iraq from January2018 to July 2018 to know the prevalence of osteoporosis in Iraqi menopausal women. A total of the (88) women involved in this study, blood samples had been taken from the (68) osteoporosis menopausal women, and from (20) women who were apparently healthy as a control group. Assays of study estimation of the parameters levels that include: Calcium, phosphorous were done by using auto biochemistry analyzer; Receptor activator of nuclear factor NF-κB ligand bone alkaline phosphatase, Resistin and estrogen, were measurement by using a solid phase enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Result: The result of study showed a significant decrease (p < 0.05) in concentration of serum estrogen, calcium and phosphorus in menopausal women with osteoporosis compared with healthy group. The biomarker revealed a significant increase (p < 0.05) in the concentration of receptor activator of nuclear factor NF-κB ligand and Resistin in menopausal women with osteoporosis compared with healthy group. The study exhibited correlation coefficient and showed a significant (p < 0.05) negative correlation between BMD and receptor activator of nuclear factor NF-κB ligand. The study showed a significant negative (p < 0.05) correlation between estrogen and of nuclear factor NF-κB ligand. This study show significant (p < 0.05) positive correlation of receptor activator of nuclear factor NF-κB ligand with resistin.Osteoporosis (OP) is osteometabolic disease characterized by a decrease in bone mineral density(BMD) and due to the deterioration of bone architecture leading to spontaneous fractures. The aim of the current study is to evaluate the biomarkers include the; receptor activator of nuclear factor NF-κB ligand and Resistin, also measuring the biochemical include: estrogen, calcium, phosphorus, bone mineral density, t-scores in menopausal women with osteoporosis, and further more study the correlation between these biomarkers and biochemical. Method : This study was conducted at DEXA (dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry) Unit in Radiology Department in Al-Sader teaching hospital in AL-Najaf province /Iraq from January2018 to July 2018 to know the prevalence of osteoporosis in Iraqi menopausal women. A total of the (88) women involved in this study, blood samples had be","PeriodicalId":225684,"journal":{"name":"THE 7TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON APPLIED SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY (ICAST 2019)","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-08-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114547472","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Activity concentration and radiometric hazards in meat and bone cow samples from Karbala governorate","authors":"A. M. Omron, Nada Farhan Kadhim, A. Ridha","doi":"10.1063/1.5123093","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5123093","url":null,"abstract":"All living organisms are exposed to natural radiation in the air, water, and soil. Since the radiation is transmitted through the water to the plant that is irrigated with it, or through the soil in which it is grown, or both of them, as well as from the plants to the animals, and from the plants and animals to the human since humens are meat consumers,we studied beef natural radioactivity in local and imported cow product samples (meat, bones, and internal organs) has been measured. Samples are collected from different markets and regions of Karbala governorate. The study was carried out using a gamma ray spectrometer (NaI (Tl)) with a crystal detector of 3\"x3\" to measure the specific activity of the radionuclides as well as the calculation of radiation hazard indices. Three natural radionuclides; k-40, Bi-214(U-238), and Ti-208(Th-232) have been detected in the studied samples with various specific activities mean values of 10.757±2.98, 4.141±1.14, and 1.120±0.31 Bq/Kg respectively. Several hazard indices have been calculated also depending on the specific activities measured in each sample; radium equivalent activity (Raeq), internal hazard index (Hin), gamma index (Iγ), alpha index (Iα), absorbed dose rate (Dγ), annual effective dose (Eff dose), and annual gonadal dose equivalent (AGDE). All of them results are less than the recommended values given by (UNSCEAR, 2000).All living organisms are exposed to natural radiation in the air, water, and soil. Since the radiation is transmitted through the water to the plant that is irrigated with it, or through the soil in which it is grown, or both of them, as well as from the plants to the animals, and from the plants and animals to the human since humens are meat consumers,we studied beef natural radioactivity in local and imported cow product samples (meat, bones, and internal organs) has been measured. Samples are collected from different markets and regions of Karbala governorate. The study was carried out using a gamma ray spectrometer (NaI (Tl)) with a crystal detector of 3\"x3\" to measure the specific activity of the radionuclides as well as the calculation of radiation hazard indices. Three natural radionuclides; k-40, Bi-214(U-238), and Ti-208(Th-232) have been detected in the studied samples with various specific activities mean values of 10.757±2.98, 4.141±1.14, and 1.120±0.31 Bq/Kg respectively. Several hazard indic...","PeriodicalId":225684,"journal":{"name":"THE 7TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON APPLIED SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY (ICAST 2019)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-08-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130425474","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"EFCNT: An evaluation framework for computer’s network topologies","authors":"A. Mousa, NibrasTalib Mohammed, E. Mohammed","doi":"10.1063/1.5123126","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5123126","url":null,"abstract":"A combination of any computer’s devices which are linked together in facilitating and supporting knowledge sharing is known as a computer network. Moreover, information sharing and networking are playing a significant role in changing the manner of human life. In networking, the nodes which connected together in any computer network; is called by computer network topology, these topologies like star, ring, bus, mesh, tree, and hybrid. Besides, the evaluation of such topologies plays a significant role in developing and utilizing the topologies based on the needs. Undoubtedly, the state of art shows a lot of studies was researched, investigated, and contributed in the field of computer network topologies. However, the evaluation methods, frameworks guidelines, or approaches to evaluating such topologies is missing. In the context of this paper, an evaluation framework (EFCNT) to evaluate the computer networks topologies was proposed. Consequently, this framework is composed of eight attributes: usability, flexibility, cost, troubleshooting, performance, installation, data transmit, and speed. The expert review technique via focus group was used to validate the proposed framework in terms of relevancy of its components and understandability. The findings from the framework validation show the proposed framework is workable in terms of relevancy of its components and understandability. Finally, the proposed framework was used to evaluate some types of network topologies.A combination of any computer’s devices which are linked together in facilitating and supporting knowledge sharing is known as a computer network. Moreover, information sharing and networking are playing a significant role in changing the manner of human life. In networking, the nodes which connected together in any computer network; is called by computer network topology, these topologies like star, ring, bus, mesh, tree, and hybrid. Besides, the evaluation of such topologies plays a significant role in developing and utilizing the topologies based on the needs. Undoubtedly, the state of art shows a lot of studies was researched, investigated, and contributed in the field of computer network topologies. However, the evaluation methods, frameworks guidelines, or approaches to evaluating such topologies is missing. In the context of this paper, an evaluation framework (EFCNT) to evaluate the computer networks topologies was proposed. Consequently, this framework is composed of eight attributes: usability, ...","PeriodicalId":225684,"journal":{"name":"THE 7TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON APPLIED SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY (ICAST 2019)","volume":"1998 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-08-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127322881","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Heterogeneous photo-decolourization of cobaltous phthalocyaninate dye (reactive green dye) catalyzed by ZnO","authors":"K. O. Kzar, Zainab Fadil Mohammed, S. I. Saeed, L. Ahmed, Duaa Ibrahim Kareem, Haneen Hadyi, A. J. Kadhim","doi":"10.1063/1.5123061","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5123061","url":null,"abstract":"This study focused on the photocatalytic decolourization of cobaltous phthalocyaninate dye (PcCo) from ZnO suspension solution under artificial UV-A light. The results showed that the photo-decolourization process of this dye process was obeyed to pseudo-first order kinetics. Moreover, the optimization results explained that the maximum value of decolourization efficiency of this dye was achieved at the conditions: initial dye concentration 25 mg/L and the initial pH of dye aqueous solution is equal to 11.01. Arrhenius plot obtained at temperatures ranged (287.15-303.15) K, which is equal to 28.995 kJ mol-1. The thermodynamic parameters were calculated also and determined that the photoreaction is endothermic and non-spontaneous.This study focused on the photocatalytic decolourization of cobaltous phthalocyaninate dye (PcCo) from ZnO suspension solution under artificial UV-A light. The results showed that the photo-decolourization process of this dye process was obeyed to pseudo-first order kinetics. Moreover, the optimization results explained that the maximum value of decolourization efficiency of this dye was achieved at the conditions: initial dye concentration 25 mg/L and the initial pH of dye aqueous solution is equal to 11.01. Arrhenius plot obtained at temperatures ranged (287.15-303.15) K, which is equal to 28.995 kJ mol-1. The thermodynamic parameters were calculated also and determined that the photoreaction is endothermic and non-spontaneous.","PeriodicalId":225684,"journal":{"name":"THE 7TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON APPLIED SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY (ICAST 2019)","volume":"86 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-08-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115620936","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Simple and efficient synthesis of 2,4,5-triarylsubstituted imidazole derivatives via a multicomponent reaction using microwave irradiation","authors":"H. D. Hanoon, S. M. Radhi, S. Abbas","doi":"10.1063/1.5123062","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5123062","url":null,"abstract":"The simple and efficient procedure for a four-component condensation of benzil, aromatic aldehydes, ammonium acetate and 8-hydroxy-7-iodoquinoline-5-sulfonic acid (HISA) as the catalyst under microwave irradiation in mild reaction conditions to synthesis some of 2,4,5-triarylsubstituted imidazole derivatives. The present method is excellent yields, eco-friendly, shorter reaction time, inexpensive and readily available catalyst.The simple and efficient procedure for a four-component condensation of benzil, aromatic aldehydes, ammonium acetate and 8-hydroxy-7-iodoquinoline-5-sulfonic acid (HISA) as the catalyst under microwave irradiation in mild reaction conditions to synthesis some of 2,4,5-triarylsubstituted imidazole derivatives. The present method is excellent yields, eco-friendly, shorter reaction time, inexpensive and readily available catalyst.","PeriodicalId":225684,"journal":{"name":"THE 7TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON APPLIED SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY (ICAST 2019)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-08-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122959555","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The scientific justifications for use of human and animal the treated and raw water of the unified Tooz-Kifry project","authors":"Sahira Ahmed Mahmood Al-azzawee","doi":"10.1063/1.5123059","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5123059","url":null,"abstract":"In this study, laboratory tests for the concentrations of some physical and chemical properties been studied to evaluate the efficiency of the unified Tooz-Kifry Project for the raw and treated water. The process was repeated every month from November to April. some of the results of the physical and chemical examination of raw water and the processor such as pH(9.1-8.5), hardness(350-329)mg/l, magnesium(49-64)mg/l, alkality(199-200)mg/l, EC(809-780), TDS(577-581)mg/l and chloride(11.2-20.6)mg/lare within the limits of theWorld Health Organization (WHO)and the Iraqi standard specification(ISS),an others are upper them such asturbidity (29-25)NTU, SO3-3(277-298)mg/l andtotal suspended solids (TSS) (3318-11774)mg/l.the filtration efficiency of the treatment and quality of drinking water for human uses which samples were taken from plant ranged between (1.56-57.28)%, thus, the study proved unsuitability of rawand treated water for human use but proved it suitable for animal use. The statistical SPSS program used for the statistical analysis of the characteristics of raw and treated water, a positive relationship (R)between some characteristics be seensuch as Turbidity and pH=(0.917) and between EC and TDS =(0.895) for raw water.Turbidity and pH =(0.972), EC and TDS =(0.895), Turbidity and TSS =(0.985), pH and TSS =(0.935), EC and solphate =(0.979) and between TDS and solphate =(0.926) for treated water.In this study, laboratory tests for the concentrations of some physical and chemical properties been studied to evaluate the efficiency of the unified Tooz-Kifry Project for the raw and treated water. The process was repeated every month from November to April. some of the results of the physical and chemical examination of raw water and the processor such as pH(9.1-8.5), hardness(350-329)mg/l, magnesium(49-64)mg/l, alkality(199-200)mg/l, EC(809-780), TDS(577-581)mg/l and chloride(11.2-20.6)mg/lare within the limits of theWorld Health Organization (WHO)and the Iraqi standard specification(ISS),an others are upper them such asturbidity (29-25)NTU, SO3-3(277-298)mg/l andtotal suspended solids (TSS) (3318-11774)mg/l.the filtration efficiency of the treatment and quality of drinking water for human uses which samples were taken from plant ranged between (1.56-57.28)%, thus, the study proved unsuitability of rawand treated water for human use but proved it suitable for animal use. The statistical SPSS program ...","PeriodicalId":225684,"journal":{"name":"THE 7TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON APPLIED SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY (ICAST 2019)","volume":"61 3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-08-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116270731","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"N, O-rich graphene oxide based eggshell membrane polymer: Preparation, characterization and its utility as nano sorbent for solid phase extraction of Pb (II) in various water samples","authors":"Ahmed R. Mahmood, I. Abdallah, Mustafa A. Alheety, H. Akbaş, A. Karadağ","doi":"10.1063/1.5123060","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5123060","url":null,"abstract":"Novel chemical modification of a natural polymer (soluble eggshell membrane protein (SEP)) with one of carbon nanostructures (graphene oxide (GO)) was used to prepare nano adsorption material. The graphene oxide-soluble eggshell membrane protein (GO-SEP) was characterized using FTIR, XRD, TG, DTG, DSC, SEM, STEM and particle size distribution thereafter was used for packing the solid phase extraction column. The SPE using GO-SEP as packing material was developed and enhanced by unique method depends on using dithiocarbamate as a chelating agent for the lead to determine its concentration in four different water samples by inductively coupled plasma - optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES). The prepared chelating agent bis sodium barbituric acid dithiocarbamate (BADTC) was produced by treating barbituric acid with CS2 in the presence NaOH. The factors that influence the preconcentration and determination of lead (pH, sample and eluent flow rates, concentration and type of eluents, a volume of sample, chelating agent concentration and interfering ions) have been examined in detail. Detection limits (LOD) (0.1 µg.L−1) and the relative standard deviation (RSD%) were found lower than <0.12% (n=10, c=0.5 µg.L−1). This new method has been successfully applied to determine lead in four water samples.Novel chemical modification of a natural polymer (soluble eggshell membrane protein (SEP)) with one of carbon nanostructures (graphene oxide (GO)) was used to prepare nano adsorption material. The graphene oxide-soluble eggshell membrane protein (GO-SEP) was characterized using FTIR, XRD, TG, DTG, DSC, SEM, STEM and particle size distribution thereafter was used for packing the solid phase extraction column. The SPE using GO-SEP as packing material was developed and enhanced by unique method depends on using dithiocarbamate as a chelating agent for the lead to determine its concentration in four different water samples by inductively coupled plasma - optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES). The prepared chelating agent bis sodium barbituric acid dithiocarbamate (BADTC) was produced by treating barbituric acid with CS2 in the presence NaOH. The factors that influence the preconcentration and determination of lead (pH, sample and eluent flow rates, concentration and type of eluents, a volume of sample, chel...","PeriodicalId":225684,"journal":{"name":"THE 7TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON APPLIED SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY (ICAST 2019)","volume":"101 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-08-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130585144","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhancing transmission control protocol performance for Mobile Ad-hoc network","authors":"Raaid Alubady, Haydar Abdulameer Marhoon","doi":"10.1063/1.5123125","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5123125","url":null,"abstract":"Mobile Ad-hoc Network (MANET) is a special type of wireless network with self-organizing, building shared routing information, dynamic network connectivity without any dependence on fixed infrastructures for wireless communication. However, the dynamics and the unpredictable behavior of wireless Mobile Ad-hoc Networks (MANET) results in hindrance are providing sufficient reliability to the network connection. Frequent route changes in the network relatively introduce incessant link failure, which eventually degrades Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) performance considerably. In another hand, a traditional TCP cannot be detected route failure losses and link contention losses that occur in MANET. Thus, considers every packet loss as congestion, which as a result is a severe degradation of TCP performance. Therefore, we are about addressing the potential enhancement of the performance of TCP when Explicit Link Failure Notification (ELFN) is implemented as opposed to the traditional TCP system. The goal of ELFN is to modify the slow start mechanism that is employed in the standard TCP so that the quality of service achieved from the network can be maximized. The network simulation (NS-2) tool is used for implementation, test and evaluates TCP-ELFN. The numerical results indicate of the study show that TCP-ELFN outperforms the performance of standard TCP with packet loss, delay and normalized routing load is reduced significantly to 28%, 23%, and 60%, respectively.Mobile Ad-hoc Network (MANET) is a special type of wireless network with self-organizing, building shared routing information, dynamic network connectivity without any dependence on fixed infrastructures for wireless communication. However, the dynamics and the unpredictable behavior of wireless Mobile Ad-hoc Networks (MANET) results in hindrance are providing sufficient reliability to the network connection. Frequent route changes in the network relatively introduce incessant link failure, which eventually degrades Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) performance considerably. In another hand, a traditional TCP cannot be detected route failure losses and link contention losses that occur in MANET. Thus, considers every packet loss as congestion, which as a result is a severe degradation of TCP performance. Therefore, we are about addressing the potential enhancement of the performance of TCP when Explicit Link Failure Notification (ELFN) is implemented as opposed to the traditional TCP system. The goal of...","PeriodicalId":225684,"journal":{"name":"THE 7TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON APPLIED SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY (ICAST 2019)","volume":"153 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-08-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132853122","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Determination of heavy metals arsenic, cadmium and lead in water, sediments and fish from Al Delmaj Marshes-Iraq","authors":"Baker A. Joda, Hiba Sadeq Alheloo, Hussain J. A. Al-Mankosh, Sultan A. Maitham","doi":"10.1063/1.5123069","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5123069","url":null,"abstract":"The use of unconventional environmental and animal materials as biomarkers in heavy metals studies has increased in terms of published research studies. In this study, water, sediment and fish (muscle and gill) (n = 15) were used to be a possible biomarker for the arsenic, cadmium and lead levels in Al-Delmaj Marshes. The level of these elements was determined by inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES). It was found that most trace element levels, As (0.919 ± 0.253), Cd (0.017 ± 0.006) and Pb (0.066 ± 0.040) (μg/ml) were higher than the permissible guidelines for drinking water recommended by the World Health Organisation (WHO) and Iraqi government. The level of heavy metals in sediment and fish samples were also reported. The results show that the highest elemental level reported in sediment when compared with those reported in fish samples. The highest elemental level was reported in this study for As in the sediment samples (mean ± SD: 65.252 ± 7.519 µg/g d.w. As), whereas, the lowest levels for most elements were measured in fish samples. The findings show that Al-Dalmaj Marshes is contaminated by the levels of heavy metals reported in this study.The use of unconventional environmental and animal materials as biomarkers in heavy metals studies has increased in terms of published research studies. In this study, water, sediment and fish (muscle and gill) (n = 15) were used to be a possible biomarker for the arsenic, cadmium and lead levels in Al-Delmaj Marshes. The level of these elements was determined by inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES). It was found that most trace element levels, As (0.919 ± 0.253), Cd (0.017 ± 0.006) and Pb (0.066 ± 0.040) (μg/ml) were higher than the permissible guidelines for drinking water recommended by the World Health Organisation (WHO) and Iraqi government. The level of heavy metals in sediment and fish samples were also reported. The results show that the highest elemental level reported in sediment when compared with those reported in fish samples. The highest elemental level was reported in this study for As in the sediment samples (mean ± SD: 65.252 ± 7.519 µg/g d.w. As), whereas, t...","PeriodicalId":225684,"journal":{"name":"THE 7TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON APPLIED SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY (ICAST 2019)","volume":"33 3","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-08-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114131857","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A theoretical investigation of solar radiation and heat transfer in a solar pond in Karbala city","authors":"J. T. Mahdi, Y. A. Jebbar","doi":"10.1063/1.5123089","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5123089","url":null,"abstract":"This paper concerns the simulation study of a mathematical model of the solar pond performance for collecting and storing the incident solar energy on the Karbala city (32.616° N, 44.025°E) in a form of thermal energy in its lower layer. It was found that there are several parameters affecting the amount of stored energy. The most effective factor is the amount of incident global radiation on the pond’s location. Therefore, a program in the FORTRAN language was established in the first stage to calculate incident solar radiation and the second stage to solve the One-Dimensional Finite Difference Method for heat transfer equations by using the arrays dimension. Various data for incident global solar radiation were in high agreement with NASA’s published data for Karbala city. Additionally, the obtained data of temperatures inside the solar pond were very similar to the published physical and experimental data of solar ponds.","PeriodicalId":225684,"journal":{"name":"THE 7TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON APPLIED SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY (ICAST 2019)","volume":"37 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-08-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124773708","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}