International Journal of Fire Science and Engineering最新文献_第4页

An Analysis on the Application of a Virtual Reality Program in the Basic Medicine Subject Class for Training of Students in Emergency Medical Services 浅析虚拟现实程序在急诊医学专业基础学科课堂上的应用

International Journal of Fire Science and Engineering Pub Date : 2022-06-30 DOI: 10.7731/kifse.c751a2c5

Hyo-Jeong Choi, Sang-Gyun Roh

引用次数: 0

Analysis of Air Flow inside the Compartment under Backdraft Conditions using Solid Combustibles 利用固体可燃物对回风条件下舱内气流进行分析

International Journal of Fire Science and Engineering Pub Date : 2022-06-30 DOI: 10.7731/kifse.f99ef7c4

J. An, Taehoon Kim

{"title":"Analysis of Air Flow inside the Compartment under Backdraft Conditions using Solid Combustibles","authors":"J. An, Taehoon Kim","doi":"10.7731/kifse.f99ef7c4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7731/kifse.f99ef7c4","url":null,"abstract":"Backdraft is a phenomenon of explosive combustion that occurs when fire in a state of smoldering due to the lack of oxygen grows as the air is admitted after opening the entrance door or window. In this study, a reduced compartment was produced to simulate a backdraft. In an actual site, the fire was generated by solid combustibles, and hence, wood pieces were used to generate the backdraft in this study. Twenty-seven thermocouples were installed inside the compartment. One side of a wall consists of polycarbonate and the interior of the compartment was monitored using a camera. An additional fire simulation was performed using a fire dynamics simulator for in-depth analysis of the phenomena inside the compartment. In the experiment, the air flown into the compartment through the vent opening turned the smoldering fire of solid combustibles into the flaming fire, which led to the ignition of flammable gas inside the compartment. Next, the propagation of the flame was first directed upwards to the combustibles, then towards the center, and ultimately to the exterior. This phenomenon was observed in the analysis of the compartment holding a homogeneous flammable mixture. The results of the analysis showed that the flammable mixture on the interior was released to the exterior because of the rise in the internal pressure caused by flame propagation. Consequently, as the internal flame was propagated to the exterior, the mixture was ignited. Thus, the phenomenon of backdraft in the case of compartment fire was shown to occur as follows. First, the air flown in via the vent opening was elevated to the upper part of the compartment by the smoldering heat on the interior. Next, the flame led to the ignition of the flammable mixture formed on the upper part.","PeriodicalId":225639,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Fire Science and Engineering","volume":"46 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126881717","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Development of Self-Generating Wireless Temperature Sensor Network Utilizing Pb-Free Energy-Harvesting Technology to Prevent Fire Caused by Using Lithium-Ion Batteries in Power Plants 利用无铅能量收集技术开发自生无线温度传感器网络以防止发电厂使用锂离子电池引起的火灾

International Journal of Fire Science and Engineering Pub Date : 2022-03-31 DOI: 10.7731/kifse.4aa296c1

Jeong-wook Jang, Jun-Ho Choi

引用次数: 0

Method for Aerosol Particle and Gas Analyses based on Dual-channel Mid-infrared Sensor 基于双通道中红外传感器的气溶胶粒子和气体分析方法

International Journal of Fire Science and Engineering Pub Date : 2022-03-31 DOI: 10.7731/kifse.3d1404d5

Soocheol Kim, Soyoung Park, Kangbok Lee

{"title":"Method for Aerosol Particle and Gas Analyses based on Dual-channel Mid-infrared Sensor","authors":"Soocheol Kim, Soyoung Park, Kangbok Lee","doi":"10.7731/kifse.3d1404d5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7731/kifse.3d1404d5","url":null,"abstract":"Although researchers are actively investigating methods to improve fire detector performance, few studies have investigated fire detectors that detect the type of fire. Fire type detection serves a key role in quickly extinguishing fires and preventing their spread. We present a non-dispersive infrared (NDIR)-based dual-channel mid-infrared (mid-IR) method that can detect and classify aerosol particles and gases. 4.2 μm and 4.7 μm mid-IR light emitting diodes (LEDs) light sources with strong absorption for CO2 and CO are employed. and, and the mid-IR LEDs are modulated with 900 Hz and 1,000 Hz, respectively to increase the signal-to-noise ratio and reduce interference between the light sources. The modulated lights pass through the lenses and sample, and are acquired by a photodetector. The transmittances of the 4.2 μm and 4.7 μm lights are measured to detect the aerosol particles and gases, and the aerosol particles and gases are classified via hierarchical clustering using the measured transmittances and the ratio between the measured transmittances. Various aerosol particles and gases are detected by measuring the transmittance, and the aerosol particles and gases are classified by calculating the distance between clusters. Spectral transmittances analysis of different wavelength bands will enable the detection of various aerosol particles and gases, and further improve the classification accuracy. Furthermore, this method can be applied to fire detection to develop a highly useful technique that can detect and classify fire smoke and rapidly detect the type of fire.","PeriodicalId":225639,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Fire Science and Engineering","volume":"36 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117328897","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Reducing Multi-tap Electrical Fires using Microcapsule Fire Extinguishing Patches 使用微胶囊灭火贴片减少多喷头电气火灾

International Journal of Fire Science and Engineering Pub Date : 2022-03-31 DOI: 10.7731/kifse.4212a7d3

Si-Kuk Kim

{"title":"Reducing Multi-tap Electrical Fires using Microcapsule Fire Extinguishing Patches","authors":"Si-Kuk Kim","doi":"10.7731/kifse.4212a7d3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7731/kifse.4212a7d3","url":null,"abstract":"The fire at the Coupang Deokpyeong Logistics Center has spurred studies to reduce the damage caused by multi-tap electrical fires. One solution is a microcapsule fire extinguishing patch with a built-in fire extinguishing agent. To confirm the efficacy of the fire extinguishing patch in curtailing electrical fires, a complex electrical fire in a multi-tap due to overload and tracking was simulated. In the absence of the fire extinguishing patch, continuous flame discharge occurred as the overcurrent reacted with internal combustibles, resulting in a short circuit due to final tracking and a risk of exposure to flames at 1,187s. In contrast, when an overload was applied to the multi-tap with the fire extinguishing patch for 2,400 s, the fire extinguishing agent stored in the microcapsule was released, preventing ignition of the combustibles inside the multi-tap and the formation of the carbonic electric conductive pass due to cooling, suffocation, and anticatalyst effects. Therefore, the overload did not lead to a fire, confirming the ability of the patch to retard electrical fires in the multi-tap. Evaluation of the effect of the location of the fire extinguishing patch showed that the fire extinguishing effect was most significant when the fire extinguishing patch was attached inside the multi-tap.","PeriodicalId":225639,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Fire Science and Engineering","volume":"80 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115012148","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Assessment of Fire Model Uncertainty of Fire Dynamics Simulator in Multiple Compartments of Nuclear Power Plant 核电厂多室火灾动力学模拟器火灾模型不确定性评估

International Journal of Fire Science and Engineering Pub Date : 2022-03-31 DOI: 10.7731/kifse.a08e2c08

Ho-Sik Han, Cheol-Hong Hwang, Sang Kyu Lee, Jai Ho Lee

引用次数: 3

Combustion Characterization according to Accelerated Deterioration Temperature of a Non-class 1E Cable 非1E类电缆加速劣化温度燃烧特性

International Journal of Fire Science and Engineering Pub Date : 2022-03-31 DOI: 10.7731/kifse.d86e802e

S. Lee, Min Ho Kim, S. Jeong, Sang Kyu Lee, J. Lee, Minchul Lee

{"title":"Combustion Characterization according to Accelerated Deterioration Temperature of a Non-class 1E Cable","authors":"S. Lee, Min Ho Kim, S. Jeong, Sang Kyu Lee, J. Lee, Minchul Lee","doi":"10.7731/kifse.d86e802e","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7731/kifse.d86e802e","url":null,"abstract":"In this study, the temperature effect of accelerated deterioration on combustion characteristics was investigated when accelerating aging a non-class 1E cable for nuclear power plants. The accelerated aging of 40 years was conducted under five temperature conditions of 90 °C, 100 °C, 110 °C, 130 °C and 150 °C. In the early period of combustion when the first peak of the heat release rate emerged, the heat release of the non-aged cable exhibited the largest peak value of 225 kW/m2 while the heat release of the aged cables exhibited a comparatively low first peak value. The first peaks of aged cables decreased as the temperature condition increased. This tendency is considered to emerge from the thermal decomposition and destabilization of long-chained polymer structure when the sheath and insulation of cables are exposed to a thermal degradation environment. Hence, this loosening of the chemical bond and its decomposition severely affected the degradation of the flame retardant performance. In particular, in the combustion characteristics for the aged cables under temperature conditions of 100 °C or higher, the first peak value of the heat release rate did not exceed 200 kW/m2. In the middle period of combustion, the heat release rates of both the non-aged and the aged cables were kept constant at approximately 25-30 kW/m2 without significant change. In the later period of combustion, the second heat release peaks emerged for only non-aged, 90 °C and 100 °C cables because the cables aged under low temperature conditions (90 °C and 100 °C) maintained a certain level of flame retardant performance while those aged above 100 °C did not. Therefore, it can be considered that the higher accelerated deterioration temperature triggers the higher degradation of the flame retardant performance, and 100 °C is a critical temperature that involves the significant degradation effect.","PeriodicalId":225639,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Fire Science and Engineering","volume":"132 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131830488","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Analysis of Ultrasonic Pulse Velocity Correlations for Estimating Residual Compressive Strength of Concrete Subjected to High-Temperature Hysteresis: Influence of Various Aggregates 高温迟滞作用下混凝土残余抗压强度的超声脉冲速度相关性分析:不同集料的影响

International Journal of Fire Science and Engineering Pub Date : 2022-03-31 DOI: 10.7731/kifse.8ee5f8d2

Wonchang Kim, Keesin Jeong, H. Choi, Hyeonggil Choi, Taegyu Lee

{"title":"Analysis of Ultrasonic Pulse Velocity Correlations for Estimating Residual Compressive Strength of Concrete Subjected to High-Temperature Hysteresis: Influence of Various Aggregates","authors":"Wonchang Kim, Keesin Jeong, H. Choi, Hyeonggil Choi, Taegyu Lee","doi":"10.7731/kifse.8ee5f8d2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7731/kifse.8ee5f8d2","url":null,"abstract":"In this study, the compressive strength and ultrasonic pulse velocity (UPV) behaviors of concrete at high temperatures by aggregate type were comparatively analyzed in accordance with the CEN and CEB Codes. The aggregates adopted were divided into limestone, granite, river gravel, and crushed stone, and the target temperatures were set to 100 °C, 200 °C, 300 °C, 400 °C, 500 °C, and 600 °C. The analysis items were specified as compressive strength (Fc), UPV, ratio of compressive strength (Fcratio), and UPV ratio (UPVratio); in addition, the correlations between Fcratio and UPV were analyzed and compared to the previously proposed estimation equations for concrete at room temperature. Accordingly, the Fcratio of limestone and river gravel aggregates exceeded the UPVratio at temperatures lower than 300-400 °C; however, UPVratio tended to be higher at subsequent temperatures. For granite aggregates, UPVratio was higher than Fcratio over the entire temperature range, while crushed stone aggregates exhibited higher Fcratio than UPVratio. Both Fcratio and UPVratio of granite aggregates exceeded those of limestone aggregates, while the UPVratio and Fcratio of river gravel aggregates were higher and lower than those of crushed stone aggregates, respectively. Consequently, a strength estimation equation was proposed by analyzing the correlations between Fcratio and UPV, and was inferred to be better than the existing strength estimation equations.","PeriodicalId":225639,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Fire Science and Engineering","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115680339","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0