The Italian journal of biochemistry最新文献_第2页

Role of mitochondrial DNA in longevity, aging and age-related diseases in humans: a reappraisal. 线粒体DNA在人类寿命、衰老和年龄相关疾病中的作用:重新评估。

The Italian journal of biochemistry Pub Date : 2007-12-01

Federica Sevini, Aurelia Santoro, Nicola Raule, Francesco Lescai, Claudio Franceschi

{"title":"Role of mitochondrial DNA in longevity, aging and age-related diseases in humans: a reappraisal.","authors":"Federica Sevini, Aurelia Santoro, Nicola Raule, Francesco Lescai, Claudio Franceschi","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"The genetic variability of H. sapiens mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) can be either germ-line inherited or somatically acquired, and its effect on aging and longevity as well as on the pathogenesis of complex age-related diseases is a hot topic. Here we illustrate the complexity of such studies, related to the large genetic variability of mtDNA in different populations and the fact that the rate of the aging process is different in different cells, tissues and organs. As far as concern Alzheimer's disease, the accumulation of somatic mutations in several tissues have been investigated, as well as the inherited mtDNA variability. However, the issue is still controversial and further studies are needed to clarify the role of mtDNA variants in Alzheimer's disease. This review is aimed to summarize the most recent advances in this field. By high throughput mtDNA sequencing and the study of large cohorts of ethnically homogeneous subjects/patients, it is now possible to perform high dimensionality studies in order to clarify the genetic associations among several inherited mtDNA variants and longevity or age-associated diseases in humans.","PeriodicalId":22527,"journal":{"name":"The Italian journal of biochemistry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"27966061","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Cytochrome bd, a key oxidase in bacterial survival and tolerance to nitrosative stress. 细胞色素bd，细菌存活和耐受亚硝化胁迫的关键氧化酶。

The Italian journal of biochemistry Pub Date : 2007-12-01

Elena Forte, Vitaly B Borisov, Alexander A Konstantinov, Maurizio Brunori, Alessandro Giuffrè, Paolo Sarti

引用次数: 0

Neurosteroid-growth factor cross-talk induces up and down regulation of GFAP and vimentin expression in serum free astrocyte cultures. 神经甾体生长因子串扰可诱导无血清星形胶质细胞GFAP和vimentin表达的上下调节。

The Italian journal of biochemistry Pub Date : 2007-12-01

Vincenzo Bramanti, Daniela Bronzi, Giuseppina Raciti, Marcello Avitabile, Roberto Avola

{"title":"Neurosteroid-growth factor cross-talk induces up and down regulation of GFAP and vimentin expression in serum free astrocyte cultures.","authors":"Vincenzo Bramanti, Daniela Bronzi, Giuseppina Raciti, Marcello Avitabile, Roberto Avola","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"In this research we aimed to investigate the interactions between growth factors (GFs) and dexamethasone (DEX) on cytoskeletal proteins GFAP and vimentin (VIM) expression under the following experimental condition: 24h pretreatment with bFGF, subsequent 72h switching in serum-free medium (SFM) and final addition of GFs, only one or more in the last 24h, after a prolonged (60h) DEX treatment. Western blot analysis data showed a marked GFAP expression in cultures submitted to our experimental condition comparing results to untreated or treated controls. In particular, the maximum level of GFAP expression is observed when EGF or INS or both together are added in a prolonged 60h DEX treatment. This finding well correlates with differentiative role played by glucocorticoids interacting with the \"competence\" factor bFGF and demonstrates as increased GFAP expression mostly depends on maturation, rather than proliferating status of astroglial cells in culture. VIM expression was instead significantly reduced after GFs addition in the last 24h of 60h DEX treatment, respect to control DEX-pretreated ones. Comparing the data to untreated controls, VIM expression was significantly enhanced after GFs addition. Collectively, our findings evidence an interactive effect between GFs and DEX in astroglial cultures, co-pretreated with DEX and bFGF, regulating cytoskeletal network under stressfull conditions.","PeriodicalId":22527,"journal":{"name":"The Italian journal of biochemistry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"27966560","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Synergistic effect of Ca2+ and peroxidized cardiolipin in the induction of permeability transition and cytochrome c release in rat heart mitochondria. Ca2+和过氧化物心磷脂在诱导大鼠心脏线粒体通透性转变和细胞色素c释放中的协同作用。

The Italian journal of biochemistry Pub Date : 2007-12-01

Giuseppe Petrosillo, Giacoma Casanova, Mariagiuseppa Matera, Francesca Maria Ruggiero, Giuseppe Paradies

引用次数: 0

Expression of succinate dehydrogenase flavoprotein subunit in saccharomyces cerevisiae studied by lacZ reporter strategy. Effect of FLX1 deletion. 用lacZ报告基因策略研究琥珀酸脱氢酶黄蛋白亚基在酿酒酵母中的表达。FLX1缺失的影响。

The Italian journal of biochemistry Pub Date : 2007-12-01

Teresa Anna Giancaspero, Carmen Brizio, Robin Wait, Eckhard Boles, Maria Barile

引用次数: 0

Characterization of oligomeric forms from mammalian F0F1ATP synthase by BN-PAGE: the role of detergents. 用BN-PAGE分析哺乳动物F0F1ATP合成酶的低聚物:洗涤剂的作用。

The Italian journal of biochemistry Pub Date : 2007-12-01

Elena Bisetto, Valentina Giorgio, Francesca Di Pancrazio, Irene Mavelli, Giovanna Lippe

{"title":"Characterization of oligomeric forms from mammalian F0F1ATP synthase by BN-PAGE: the role of detergents.","authors":"Elena Bisetto, Valentina Giorgio, Francesca Di Pancrazio, Irene Mavelli, Giovanna Lippe","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"It is now widely accepted that F0F1ATPsynthase is present in membrane, beside as monomers, in homo-dimeric and higher homo-oligomeric forms, which probably play critical roles in determining mitochondrial morphology. One-step mild detergent extraction followed by blue native electrophoresis (BN-PAGE) is a very interesting tool for studying the native membrane protein assemblies which can be associated with second/third-dimensional SDS-PAGE, immunoblotting, in-gel enzyme activity staining and mass spectrometry analyses. By combining these techniques, we resolved monomers and higher oligomeric forms of ATPsynthase from bovine heart mitochondria. However, a critical point is the choice of the detergents, which strongly influence the protein pattern of BN-PAGE. By using Triton X-100 we obtained that, in spite of the same subunit composition, monomers have a much lower specific activity than dimers and the two forms have a different pattern of tyrosine phosphorylation, suggesting that monomers and dimers are functionally distinct in membrane. In addition, enzyme self-association appeared to occur independently from the binding to ATPsynthase of the inhibitor protein IF1. Dodecylmaltoside was optimal to extract the enzyme from single biopsy samples, allowing us to demonstrate that IF1 plays a central role in regulating the enzyme activity in heart in vivo. Only low concentration of digitonin maintained significant amounts of ATPsynthase oligomers, which seemed to retain intact their native catalytic properties.","PeriodicalId":22527,"journal":{"name":"The Italian journal of biochemistry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"27966062","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Mitochondria isolated from local market potato tubers contain L-lactate dehydrogenase in an inactive state. 从当地市场的马铃薯块茎中分离出的线粒体含有处于失活状态的l -乳酸脱氢酶。

The Italian journal of biochemistry Pub Date : 2007-12-01

Gianluca Paventi, Roberto Pizzuto, Gabriella Chieppa, Salvatore Passarella

引用次数: 0

Abstracts of the 52nd National Congress of the Italian Society of Biochemistry (SIB), 26-28 September 2007, Riccione, Italy. 第52届意大利生物化学学会(SIB)全国代表大会，2007年9月26-28日，意大利Riccione。

The Italian journal of biochemistry Pub Date : 2007-09-01

引用次数: 0

DNA topoisomerase i as a transcription protein and a lethal cellular toxin. DNA拓扑异构酶i是一种转录蛋白和致命的细胞毒素。

The Italian journal of biochemistry Pub Date : 2007-06-01

Luca Lotito, Francesca Ferri, Alessandra Russo, Giovanni Capranico

{"title":"DNA topoisomerase i as a transcription protein and a lethal cellular toxin.","authors":"Luca Lotito, Francesca Ferri, Alessandra Russo, Giovanni Capranico","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"DNA topoisomerase I constitutes a significant relaxing activity in nuclei of eukaryotic cells. The enzyme acts during several DNA transactions involving the generation of torsional stress in the DNA template. Moreover, antitumor agents targeting DNA topoisomerase I are used in the treatment of human cancers with significant clinical outcome. Major progress has been attained in recent years in the understanding of the basic cellular functions of DNA topoisomerase I. In particular, the consequences of topoisomerase I activity during transcription have been extensively investigated and constitute still a very active research area. Understanding of topoisomerase I inhibitors emphasizes drug activity against the enzyme, however the high drug potency cannot be explained by the DNA damage outcome only. Even though the understanding of enzyme structure has progressed in last years, however more insights into the activity of topoisomerase I poisons have not been achieved yet. Here, we will review landmark investigations on topoisomerase I involvement in different stages of the transcription process, addressing both enzyme functions as well as drug effects on molecular processes. Moreover, we will discuss recent findings on the targeting of topoisomerase I to pre-selected sites in transcribed chromatin by fusion to a sequence-specific DNA-binding protein domain.","PeriodicalId":22527,"journal":{"name":"The Italian journal of biochemistry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"26909568","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

DNA protein interactions at the rRNA of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. 酿酒酵母rRNA上DNA蛋白的相互作用。

The Italian journal of biochemistry Pub Date : 2007-06-01

Francesco Cioci, Francesca Di Felice, Francesco Chiani, Giorgio Camilloni

{"title":"DNA protein interactions at the rRNA of Saccharomyces cerevisiae.","authors":"Francesco Cioci, Francesca Di Felice, Francesco Chiani, Giorgio Camilloni","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"The rDNA cluster is the genetic locus encoding the ribosomal RNAs and physically defines where ribosomes begin to be assembled. In the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae, the highly repetitive structure of this locus makes it a very interesting target for studies about genome stability, chromatin-mediated transcriptional silencing and progression of aging. In fact, recombination among the repeated units is suppressed in a WT cell. Moreover, when genes transcribed by RNA polymerase II are inserted in the rDNA cluster, their transcription is silenced. Finally, the formation of rDNA minicircles (ERCs) has been shown to be one of the causes of aging in yeast. DNA topoisomerase I have been shown to suppress recombination specifically at the rDNA of S.cerevisiae. Moreover, also the chromatin structure of this locus is affected in a top1 strain, because rDNA specific transcriptional silencing is abolished. Nonetheless, the molecular basis of how this enzyme interferes with these functions is yet unknown. Here are reported results obtained by in vivo studies of DNA protein interactions occurring on the rDNA locus. The analyses include a fine mapping of nucleosome positioning; RNA polymerase I transcription factors and DNA topoisomerase I cleavage sites. Important conclusions can be drawn: i) nucleosome positioning in the Non Transcribed Spacer is not affected by RNA polymerase I transcription; ii) the RNA polymerase I transcription factors bind DNA in vivo with a defined hierarchy; iii) the DNA topoisomerase I cleaves the NTS in very specific sites, but cleavage is not induced by RNA polymerase I transcription. These in vivo studies help to characterize the molecular basis of important phenomena as the transcriptional silencing and genome stability in yeast.","PeriodicalId":22527,"journal":{"name":"The Italian journal of biochemistry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"26907163","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0