{"title":"Implementation of IEEE 1451.1 conformance/functionality testing using LabView","authors":"R. Franzl, J. A. Morris, D. Gurkan","doi":"10.1109/SAS13374.2008.4472972","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SAS13374.2008.4472972","url":null,"abstract":"Sensor networks have been deployed for many applications. The ability for the sensors or actuators to have transducer data sheets will allow the \"plug-and-play\" of 1451-compatible sensors and actuators for different control networks. Implementation of an intelligent sensor network testbed is in progress to perform research and investigation of smart sensors, and the investigation and verification of interfacing options from smart sensors with the sensor networking bus. There has been some development and integration of IEEE 1451.1 communication; however, after research of products available that are IEEE 1451 capable, only products relating specifically to IEEE 1451.2 were available in development and starter kits. No products were available that depicted the IEEE 1451.1 standard for communication between the smart sensor nodes of a network. Therefore, a 1451.1 compatible NCAP has been developed and integrated into a testbed. This paper will present the development of the IEEE 1451.1 NCAP-NCAP communication using the LabView 8.2 Programming Language. Furthermore, testing of message conformance and functionality of the 1451 communication on the network has been accomplished.","PeriodicalId":225041,"journal":{"name":"2008 IEEE Sensors Applications Symposium","volume":"69 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121430702","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Capacitive flowmeter for gas-solids flow applications exploiting spatial frequency","authors":"D. Hrach, A. Fuchs, H. Zangl","doi":"10.1109/SAS13374.2008.4472937","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SAS13374.2008.4472937","url":null,"abstract":"Non invasive flow measurement principles are required in various industrial and agricultural applications. Among other principles capacitive sensing offers an elegant solution to measure granular material flow. In this paper the principle of spatial filtering, which is widely used in the world of optical measurement, is applied for a capacitive flow meter. The paper introduces a useful electrode geometry as well as potential electrode excitation modes. The principle is tested and verified by means of simulations. To show the practical usability a flow sensor based on spatial filtering was built up and tested in a laboratory setup.","PeriodicalId":225041,"journal":{"name":"2008 IEEE Sensors Applications Symposium","volume":"114 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133611769","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Real time simulation of heat detection in DNA Thermosequencing","authors":"H. Esfandyarpour, Bo Zheng, R. Pease, R.W. Davis","doi":"10.1109/SAS13374.2008.4472950","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SAS13374.2008.4472950","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper we study enzymatic and heat profile modeling for Thermosequencing [1-5], and discuss the real time 2D and 3D finite element simulation results for chemical concentrations involved in the detection system. The modeling simulates not only the heat released through the DNA polymerization reaction and its corresponding temperature change, but also the heat and sensing efficiencies of different geometries and platform structures. The thermodynamic effects of a DNA coated bead are investigated. Then, based on heat diffusion results, we recommend a modified gated structure for the microfluidic detection platform by using control valves and show how this new platform could dramatically improve the detection efficiency. Finally, we discuss potential advantages and disadvantages DNA Thermosequencing in real world applications.","PeriodicalId":225041,"journal":{"name":"2008 IEEE Sensors Applications Symposium","volume":"49 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131572849","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Higher-order cumulants for termite’s activity detection in the time domain","authors":"J.-J.G. de-la-Rosa, A. M. Muñoz, C. Puntonet","doi":"10.1109/SAS13374.2008.4472944","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SAS13374.2008.4472944","url":null,"abstract":"This paper deals with termite detection using higher-order statistics in the time domain. Sliding higher-order cumulants offer distinctive time instances, as a complement to the sliding variance, which only reveals power excesses in the signal, even for low-amplitude impulses. This sliding kurtosis reveals non-Gaussian characteristics (the peakedness of the probability density function) associated to non-stationary measurements, specially in the near ultrasound frequency band. Contrasted estimators have been used to compute the higher-order statistics. The results are shown via graphical examples and could be extrapolated to all impulse-like insect emissions in a non-destructive frame. Data acquisition stage has been performed using piezoelectric acoustic emission probes.","PeriodicalId":225041,"journal":{"name":"2008 IEEE Sensors Applications Symposium","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131158952","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"In-vivo external sensor for mitochondrial injury: Circulating cytochrome c","authors":"Sufen Wang, Libin Zhang, R. Gazmuri, C.F. Yang","doi":"10.1109/SAS13374.2008.4472934","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SAS13374.2008.4472934","url":null,"abstract":"Low-abundance, low-molecular-weight serum proteins are useful in diagnosing the change in expression of some serum proteins which may indicate an altered physiology and serve as biomarkers of the respective disease. Recent studies suggest the molecular mechanism responsible for the translocation of cytochrome c from mitochondria to the cytosol during apoptosis. We hypothesize that mitochondrial injury causes the final release of cytochrome c from cytosol to the bloodstream, which acts as a mitochondrial injury external sensor. Serum cytochrome c was dissociated from large, abundant proteins by acetonitrile precipitation pretreatment and then measured using reverse-phase high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). For quantification of serum cytochrome c levels, internal standard curves (0.2 to 20 mug/ml) were prepared using rat heart cytochrome c dissolved in serum obtained from healthy pentobarbital-anesthetized rats. Serum samples taken from severe mitochondrial injury animals (heart attack rats and diabetes mice) were measured and shown a dramatic increase in cytochrome c levels compared to healthy animals. Irreversible mitochondrial injury (death) occurred once serum cytochrome c level exceeded 2.0 mug/ml as the average cytochrome c level for healthy animals is reported less than 0.2 mug/ml. We conclude that serum cytochrome c may represent a novel in-vivo external sensor of mitochondrial injury.","PeriodicalId":225041,"journal":{"name":"2008 IEEE Sensors Applications Symposium","volume":"31 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127935056","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Data fusion and optimal placement of fixed and mobile sensors","authors":"A. Neidhardt, H. Luss, K. Krishnan","doi":"10.1109/SAS13374.2008.4472957","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SAS13374.2008.4472957","url":null,"abstract":"Modern technology can equip small devices (like mobile phones) with sensing-capabilities for various threats, offering a mobile, 'opportunistic' pool of secondary sensors that can be polled to augment the information provided by a pre-deployed set of primary sensors, to reduce uncertainty in threat-detection. We derive an optimal decision-rule for fusing the information from fixed and mobile, accounting for the costs of erroneous decisions. We also formulate a model for an 'equitable' solution to the problem of the optimal positioning of sensors.","PeriodicalId":225041,"journal":{"name":"2008 IEEE Sensors Applications Symposium","volume":"101 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126633331","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Roy, Adway Mitra, Arijit Khan, M. Nasipuri, Debashis Saha
{"title":"LSDC a lossless approach to lifetime maximization in wireless sensor networks","authors":"A. Roy, Adway Mitra, Arijit Khan, M. Nasipuri, Debashis Saha","doi":"10.1109/SAS13374.2008.4472964","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SAS13374.2008.4472964","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, we outline an approach to improve the lifespan of a wireless sensor network by introducing a variant to standard sleep synchronization protocols. A multilayered architecture is used. To ensure even higher scalability and lower message size in any particular layer, number of layers is limited to four and each layer is broken into grids. Each grid acts a localized network where data aggregation and lifetime maximization algorithms are being run. In standard sleep protocols like GAF, each grid must have one of its nodes in active state. Our sleep protocol considers one node per grid to be in the idle listening state called the 'doze' state for a fixed interval of time. Thus we propose a multi-state proactive algorithm in the form of the sleep doze coordination (SDC) protocol to lower the duty cycle of each sensor node and maximize the network lifespan with lower power consumption. Node buffers are provided to bring about higher data accuracy and lossless network operation. Thus the node does not have to remain active throughout its 'on' period and its overall lifespan increases for a given amount of energy. Results indicate that near- optimal performance of SDC is achieved when buffer size is large enough to hold 25 data messages. SDC increases network lifetime by approximately 20% over previous protocols like GAF and S-DMAC. This buffered approach to the SDC protocol is called the lossless SDC (LSDC) protocol.","PeriodicalId":225041,"journal":{"name":"2008 IEEE Sensors Applications Symposium","volume":"28 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117201425","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Discrimination between butane and propane in a gas mixture using semiconductor gas sensors and neural networks","authors":"I. Morsi","doi":"10.1109/SAS13374.2008.4472958","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SAS13374.2008.4472958","url":null,"abstract":"One of the most important and crucial problems in the gas detection field is that there is a strong demand to detect Butane and Propane gases as pure gases, which are used in domestic applications as a fuel. However, both of them are extracted from natural gas mixed with each other. The paper describes the calibration of both gases in the pure case and also as a mixture between them at different temperatures using three different semiconductor sensors. It also presents a study of the efficiency of Feedforward Back Propagation Neural Network for the detection of gases using the Multi Layer Perceptron (MLP) method to separate between Propane and Butane depending on the data driven from different types of sensors.","PeriodicalId":225041,"journal":{"name":"2008 IEEE Sensors Applications Symposium","volume":"498 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134522546","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Scanning micro-interferometer array with sub-picometer resolution for MEMS inspection","authors":"O. Karhade, L. Degertekin, T. Kurfess","doi":"10.1109/SAS13374.2008.4472954","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SAS13374.2008.4472954","url":null,"abstract":"Micro scanning grating interferometer (muSGI) is a micromachined optical sensor to inspect MEMS. This paper presents the design, fabrication, implementation and analysis of an array of such muSGIs. The muSGIs are capable of static and dynamic displacement measurements. The muSGIs have phase sensitive micromachined gratings which are actuated by electrostatic force. The muSGIs are fabricated on SOI wafers. The fabricated tunable gratings exhibit the first resonance mode at 48 kHz and a damping ratio of ~0.05. The gratings show sufficient (~400 nm) displacement range for tuning it to high sensitivity position, achieved with 30 V operating voltage range. To actively tune the gratings a novel control algorithm is implemented real-time in a field-programmable gate array (FPGA). It adjusts the position of each grating with respect to corresponding sample, to achieve high sensitivity. Active control scheme is modeled using MATLAB and the performance results show good agreement with the experiments. The control algorithm is successfully used to characterize the tunable gratings and to demonstrate parallel operation of the muSGIs. Experimental results demonstrate a vertical resolution of 0.2 pm over 1 Hz bandwidth.","PeriodicalId":225041,"journal":{"name":"2008 IEEE Sensors Applications Symposium","volume":"174 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134268423","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Ozone sensing properties of NbO2 thin films for health and safety applications","authors":"K. Arshak, G. Hickey, J. Harris, E. Forde","doi":"10.1109/SAS13374.2008.4472968","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SAS13374.2008.4472968","url":null,"abstract":"This work investigates the ozone sensing properties of NbO2 thin films operating at room temperature. NbO2 thin films have been deposited on alumina and glass substrates provide with Cu interdigitated electrodes by the Vacuum Thermal Evaporation technique. The optical properties of NbO2 thin films were explored using CARY IE UV-Visible Spectrophotometer. The values of the optical band gap EOPT are estimated in view of the Mott and Davis' theory. The electrical response has been measured by exposing the sensing layers to ozone (ppb). NbO2 films fabricated by this method have shown good sensitivity to environmentally relevant ozone concentrations.","PeriodicalId":225041,"journal":{"name":"2008 IEEE Sensors Applications Symposium","volume":"42 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114204897","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}