{"title":"”And It’s Just That Many Girls Don’t Follow As Good or Aren’t Able to Follow.”: A Single Case Study to Explore Habitual Orientations of Computer Science Teachers","authors":"Sven Schibgilla, Fatma Batur, T. Brinda","doi":"10.1145/3481312.3481325","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3481312.3481325","url":null,"abstract":"The communication of computer science (CS) teachers with their students has an influence on their motivations and interests in CS up to later career choices. Communication occurs in spontaneous classroom situations based on teachers’ habitual orientations. This single case study uses a narrative interview and an analysis with the documentary method to investigate a male (53 years old and with 23 years experience in CS teaching) teacher’s habitual orientations concerning interaction with female students in CS classes. A discrepancy in the teacher’s perception of encouragement and actual interaction was highlighted. Instead of motivating and especially promoting female students as self-reported, the teacher is oriented towards gender-neutral lesson preparation. Furthermore, our results show an orientation towards creating competitive situations between male and female students. Finally, we found three types of stereotypical thinking about female students.","PeriodicalId":224786,"journal":{"name":"The 16th Workshop in Primary and Secondary Computing Education","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125924182","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Students’ Conceptions of Artificial Intelligence","authors":"Moritz Kreinsen, S. Schulz","doi":"10.1145/3481312.3481328","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3481312.3481328","url":null,"abstract":"The topic of AI is becoming increasingly popular in schools. In order to sustainably embed this in the curriculum, researching students’ perspectives as an elementary component of a didactic framework is essential. We explored students’ conceptions of AI to show how these can have a benefit for learning and teaching AI in CSEd.","PeriodicalId":224786,"journal":{"name":"The 16th Workshop in Primary and Secondary Computing Education","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114512504","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Quantum Computing As a Topic in Computer Science Education","authors":"Stefan Seegerer, Tilman Michaeli, R. Romeike","doi":"10.1145/3481312.3481348","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3481312.3481348","url":null,"abstract":"Quantum technologies are currently among the most promising technological developments, with quantum computing, in particular, playing a crucial role. This is accompanied by promising opportunities, but also new challenges for our society. However, quantum computing as a subject of computer science education is still at the very beginning. This paper aims to discuss quantum computing as a topic in computer science education and to make a first approach to central terms and ideas as well as their explanatory approaches. With the help of an explorative focus group interview with experts, five core ideas of quantum computer science are identified in this study. A literature review is then used to identify, categorize, and contrast different explanatory approaches for these ideas. The results thus contribute to making quantum computer science accessible for computing education and raise further questions for the computing education research community.","PeriodicalId":224786,"journal":{"name":"The 16th Workshop in Primary and Secondary Computing Education","volume":"53 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129748828","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sabiha Yeni, Nataša Grgurina, F. Hermans, J. Tolboom, E. Barendsen
{"title":"Exploring Teachers’ PCK for Computational Thinking in Context","authors":"Sabiha Yeni, Nataša Grgurina, F. Hermans, J. Tolboom, E. Barendsen","doi":"10.1145/3481312.3481320","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3481312.3481320","url":null,"abstract":"There is growing attention for integrating Computational Thinking (CT) into various subjects across the K-12 curriculum with a concomitant increase of interest in investigating teachers’ pedagogical content knowledge (PCK) regarding CT. This study is part of a bigger project focusing on defining the learning trajectories for CT integration into the K-12 curriculum. In particular, the present study focused on eliciting the pedagogical content knowledge and attitude of teachers with respect to the integration of CT in various disciplines. To this end, we implemented six different case studies by integrating CT into six different subjects: science, traffic, language, biology, geography, and physics. Two primary and four secondary school teachers were involved in the study. After the lesson series was completed in schools, we conducted interviews with teachers to understand their PCK on CT integration, attitudes toward CT integrated lessons, and the barriers teachers faced during CT integrated lessons. Our results indicate that compared to standard instructional activities, students can go deeper and understand the subject content better in CT integrated lessons, also students can use the power of digital technologies to solve subject-related problems. On the other hand, teachers pointed out that students and teachers need to be more capable of technical knowledge and skills to accomplish tasks.","PeriodicalId":224786,"journal":{"name":"The 16th Workshop in Primary and Secondary Computing Education","volume":"123 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134099354","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Designing a Teacher PD Programme for AI – First Steps","authors":"Annabel Lindner","doi":"10.1145/3481312.3481350","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3481312.3481350","url":null,"abstract":"In the long run, new topics arising in computer science are gaining importance in schools as well. In consequence, teachers need to be equipped with adequate knowledge about these topics. Using the example of artificial intelligence, this paper describes the first steps to develop a sustainable and comprehensive professional development programme for teachers. In this context, the process of determining the PD content is described and ideas for the organisational design of the programme are elaborated.","PeriodicalId":224786,"journal":{"name":"The 16th Workshop in Primary and Secondary Computing Education","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125209947","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Towards an Operationalization of AI acceptance among Pre-service Teachers","authors":"Margarita Chikobava, R. Romeike","doi":"10.1145/3481312.3481349","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3481312.3481349","url":null,"abstract":"Artificial Intelligence (AI) has found its popularity in many fields of our life, ranging from song recommendation to lung cancer identification. CSE can impart AI knowledge to all people (including teachers) so that they can make an informed decision about AI. Besides, AI technologies can support tailoring the education to the students’ needs or unload teachers by doing routine work for them and leaving more space for creativity. However, despite the growing potential of AI applications in education, some skepticism or even rejection can be observed. It could be especially critical for teacher education: by being a role model for pupils, teachers could multiply their attitude towards AI while transferring it to the pupils. Although AI acceptance is broadly investigated in the marketing context, there is not much prior research on AI acceptance among teachers. Besides, AI acceptance as a term is questionable due to the heterogeneity of the AI field. We highlight the research gap, propose an instrument for the data collection, and introduce the idea of the acceptance spectrum. The proposed concept is exemplified by the case study of acceptance of the AI-supported homework assessment among pre-service teachers.","PeriodicalId":224786,"journal":{"name":"The 16th Workshop in Primary and Secondary Computing Education","volume":"277 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116559074","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Charalampos Kyfonidis, Pierre Weill-Tessier, Neil C. C. Brown
{"title":"Strype: Frame-Based Editing tool for programming the micro:bit through Python","authors":"Charalampos Kyfonidis, Pierre Weill-Tessier, Neil C. C. Brown","doi":"10.1145/3481312.3481324","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3481312.3481324","url":null,"abstract":"Frame-Based Editing (FBE) is a relatively new programming paradigm that sits between Block and Text based editing, by implementing good features of both practices. Moreover, FBE is designed as a middle step between block and text based editing, in order to ease the transition from the first to the later. Strype is a new online editor which implements FBE’s idea for Python and is used for programming the micro:bit. This demo will showcase the unique elements of Strype and demonstrate its use. This demo aims in introducing FBE and Strype to the educational community in order to generate fruitful discussions, get feedback and also promote its use to educational settings.","PeriodicalId":224786,"journal":{"name":"The 16th Workshop in Primary and Secondary Computing Education","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129840047","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Addressing AI and Data Literacy in Teacher Education: A Review of Existing Educational Frameworks","authors":"Viktoriya Olari, R. Romeike","doi":"10.1145/3481312.3481351","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3481312.3481351","url":null,"abstract":"Being able to use data and AI technologies responsibly is considered increasingly relevant to all school subjects. Despite this trend, existing AI literacy frameworks used to design educational activities often barely cover data literacy. However, AI cannot be appropriately grasped without data literacy, and working with data requires knowledge of AI on multiple levels. To date, though, no framework has been created that considers AI and data literacy holistically. To address this gap, we examine the relationship between AI and data literacy competencies in existing educational frameworks and propose a preliminary approach that utilizes the data lifecycle to reflect on data literacy competencies relevant to AI. The findings provide a basis for developing a comprehensive approach to the education of K-12 teachers of all subjects in AI and data literacy.","PeriodicalId":224786,"journal":{"name":"The 16th Workshop in Primary and Secondary Computing Education","volume":"75 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121635205","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Hopes and Concerns for Digital T-Levels: A Preliminary Study","authors":"J. Allison","doi":"10.1145/3481312.3481326","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3481312.3481326","url":null,"abstract":"T-Levels have been heralded as the new gold standard of UK technical education. However, little research has explored how providers are finding the delivery of this new qualification. This paper reports on the findings of a preliminary study which interviews nine employees from three college providers of the digital T-Level. Findings indicate that there are five main areas of concern; a lack of suitable ’digital’ work placements, the appropriateness of assessments, content being too cutting edge, a lack of awareness, and the termination of government funding. However, providers are optimistic of the benefits T-Levels can provide. This paper contributes to the limited body of research on T-Levels, and highlights the challenges which providers, employers and policy makers may find beneficial to know in helping improve future T-Level adoption and delivery.","PeriodicalId":224786,"journal":{"name":"The 16th Workshop in Primary and Secondary Computing Education","volume":"20 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125297298","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A Decade of CS Education in New Zealand’s High Schools: Where Are We At?","authors":"Chamindi K. Samarasekara, Claudia Ott, A. Robins","doi":"10.1145/3481312.3481321","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3481312.3481321","url":null,"abstract":"Although a rigorous computing curriculum equipped with computer science and computer programming achievement standards was introduced in high schools in New Zealand 10 years ago, fewer than 10% of students take these standards. That raises the questions of why the uptake is low, and what were the trends in recent years. Past studies of New Zealand’s computer science and programming standards have tended to concentrate on the nature of the standards, teachers’ reactions to standards, teaching materials and assessment methods. In this research, we analyse the introduction of the computing curriculum over the last decade in terms of student uptake in general, the uptake for different groups of students, students’ progression through these standards and number of schools offering these standards. After analysing the official, nationwide data we can provide the following major findings. First, student participation in all three levels of computer science and programming standards is very low throughout the period. Second, fewer than 50% of high schools offer any of these standards. Finally, large equity gaps remain in enrollment to high school computer science education by socio-economic status, ethnicity and gender.","PeriodicalId":224786,"journal":{"name":"The 16th Workshop in Primary and Secondary Computing Education","volume":"57 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128608323","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}